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Status of IEEE 1451- A Suite of Smart Transducer Interface Standards for Sensors and Actuators
November 28, 2006
Kang [email protected]
What is the IEEE 1451 Smart Transducer Interface What is the IEEE 1451 Smart Transducer Interface Standard?Standard?
An industry open sensor interface standard
Objective is to provide a set of common interfaces for connecting transducers (sensors or actuators) to a network
Supports wired and wireless connections
Defines Transducer Electronic Data Sheet (TEDS) enables self-identification and self-describing of sensors
Provides a framework for a distributed system architecture
Network Capable Application Processor
(NCAP)API
APITransducer Interface Module
(TIM)
Sensors Actuators
Network
Physical Interface
(wired or wireless)
TEDS
Transducer Electronic Data Sheets (TEDS)Transducer Electronic Data Sheets (TEDS)
A TEDS contains manufacture-related information about the sensors(s), such as manufacturer ID, type of sensor, measurement range, calibration parameters, and many more…
Example TEDS: Meta-TEDS
provides the characteristics of the entire Transducer Interface Module (TIM) manufacturer’s identification, model number, serial number, revision
number, date code, product description, … Transducer Channel TEDS
provides the characteristics of a single transducer channel lower and upper range limits, physical unit,…
Calibration TEDS provides the parameters to convert data to/from engineering units last calibration date-time, multinomial coefficient, …
Geographic Location TEDS location of the sensor according to OGC (Open Geospatial Consortium)
specifications
IEEE 1451 Smart Transducer Interface System ApproachIEEE 1451 Smart Transducer Interface System Approach
1451.XTransducer
Interface Module (TIM)
ADC
DAC
D I/O
?
XDCR
XDCR
XDCR
XDCR
AddressLogic
XDCR = sensor or actuator
Phy
sica
l pa
ram
eter
s t
o be
m
easu
red
Transducer ElectronicData Sheet
(TEDS)
Network CapableApplicationProcessor
(NCAP)
TransducerInterface
(wired or wireless)
AnyNetwork
A mix of up to 255 sensors & actuators in a TIM
1451.1Smart Transducer
Neutral Model
1451.0 CommonCommands
Family of IEEE 1451 Standards
NCAP IEEE 1451.0 Services
NCAP IEEE 1451.X Communication Module
TIM IEEE 1451.X Communication Module
TIM IEEE 1451.0 ServicesIEEE 1451.0 TEDS
Signal Conditioning and Conversion
Transducer
1451.X TEDS
IEEE 1451.21451.31451.51451.6
C-C
IEEE1451 NCAP
IEEE1451 TIM
IEEE 1451.X
PHY
Smart Transducer Web Service App
Transducer Transducer
Network
IEEE P1451.0Application
IEEE 1451.1Application
NCAP IEEE 1451.0 Services
NCAP IEEE 1451.X Communication Module
TIM IEEE 1451.X Communication Module
TIM IEEE 1451.0 ServicesIEEE 1451.0 TEDS
Signal Conditioning and Conversion
Transducer
1451.X TEDS
IEEE 1451.21451.31451.51451.6
C-C
IEEE1451 NCAP
IEEE1451 TIM
IEEE 1451.X
PHY
Smart Transducer Web Service App
Transducer Transducer
Network
IEEE P1451.0Application
IEEE 1451.1Application
Proposed Web Services for IEEE 1451 for Interoperability
NCAP IEEE 1451.0 Services
NCAP IEEE 1451.X Communication Module
TIM IEEE 1451.X Communication Module
TIM IEEE 1451.0 ServicesIEEE 1451.0 TEDS
Signal Conditioning and Conversion
Transducer
1451.X TEDS
IEEE 1451.21451.31451.51451.6
C-C
IEEE1451 NCAP
IEEE1451 TIM
IEEE 1451.X
PHY
IEEE 1451 Smart Transducer Web Service
Smart Transducer Web Service Consumer
Transducer Transducer
Internet
Smart Transducer Web Service Consumer
NCAP IEEE 1451.0 Services
NCAP IEEE 1451.X Communication Module
TIM IEEE 1451.X Communication Module
TIM IEEE 1451.0 ServicesIEEE 1451.0 TEDS
Signal Conditioning and Conversion
Transducer
1451.X TEDS
IEEE 1451.21451.31451.51451.6
C-C
IEEE1451 NCAP
IEEE1451 TIM
IEEE 1451.X
PHY
IEEE 1451 Smart Transducer Web Service
Smart Transducer Web Service Consumer
Transducer Transducer
Internet
Smart Transducer Web Service Consumer
WSDL-based Smart Transducer Web Service Interoperability
WSDL(Smart Transducer Web Services)
(IEEE P1451.0 Std.)1451.0 XML
Schema(XSD)
Service Consumer(OGC-SWE)
(C#)
Service Consumer(Sensor Alert)
(Java)
Service Consumer(Sensor Application)
(C++)
Service Provider(Java)
( IEEE P1451.0 Std.)
SOAP/XML Message
WSDL(Smart Transducer Web Services)
(IEEE P1451.0 Std.)1451.0 XML
Schema(XSD)
Service Consumer(OGC-SWE)
(C#)
Service Consumer(Sensor Alert)
(Java)
Service Consumer(Sensor Application)
(C++)
Service Provider(Java)
( IEEE P1451.0 Std.)
SOAP/XML Message
Successfully Deployed WSDL file
Status of the Suite of IEEE 1451 Status of the Suite of IEEE 1451 StandardsStandards
Network Accessible Layer IEEE Std 1451.1-1999, Network Capable Application Processor (NCAP) Information
Model for smart transducers -- Published standard, to be revised
IEEE P1451.0, Common Functions, Communication Protocols, and Transducer Electronic Data Sheet (TEDS) Formats -- being resolved for recirculation
Physical layers IEEE Std 1451.2-1997, Transducer to Microprocessor Communication Protocols and
Transducer Electronic Data Sheet (TEDS) Formats -- Published standard, being revised
IEEE Std 1451.3-2003, Digital Communication and Transducer Electronic Data Sheet (TEDS) Formats for Distributed Multidrop Systems -- Published standard
IEEE Std 1451.4-2004, Mixed-mode Communication Protocols and Transducer Electronic Data Sheet (TEDS) Formats – Published standard
IEEE P1451.5, Wireless Sensor Communication and Transducer Electronic Data Sheet (TEDS) Formats – submitted to IEEE RevCom for Review
IEEE P1451.6, A High-speed CANopen-based Transducer Network Interface – In progress
IEEE P1451.7, RFID Interface – PAR (project authorization request) being developed
A Basic RFID SystemA Basic RFID System
RFID: tags, readers, and IT infrastructure
Tag returnsunique ID code
plus maybe additional data
Tag = chip + antenna
RF signal
Detailed product information from
secure web-accessible
databases via a network
Tag Reader
Sensors and RFID Systems Play Key Roles in Supply Chains
Improved world-wide supply chain transparency Increasing use will continue to push down costs Support multiple applications – pathway to future Standardization is needed to lower cost and facilitate trade
A
B
C
B – RFID Antennas and Cables
A – RFID Reader
C –Sensors and Other Infrastructure
Sensors and Tag placed in product
A small part of the entire supply chain
Sensors and RFID Systems in Supply Chains
Source: EPCglobal
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
** Standardized sensor interfaces
**
**
Integration of Sensors and RFID Integration of Sensors and RFID Creates Creates
Unique Business OpportunitiesUnique Business Opportunities
Rationale: In manufacturing, production, defense, homeland security, and supply chain systems,
RFID tag tells what a product is, but does not tell what condition it has been gone through throughout its life cycle.
Sensor(s) tell the condition of a product by measuring temperature, vibration, presence of chemical and other relevant parameters
Combining tags and sensors could expand the overall functionality and capability of the RFID systems.
Networking RFID can realize the same benefits of wireless sensor mesh networks.
Universal RFID and sensor standards ensure interoperability and are necessary for successful RFID deployments worldwide, for ex: ease the processing of secure cargo containers shipped worldwide.
Centralized Server,PC or Workstation
802.11Blue-tooth
ZigBee
1451NCAP
802.11TIM
802.11TIM
RelayNodes
?
802.15.4ZigBee™ZB
TIM
smart transducers
smarttransducers
BTTIM
802.15.1Bluetooth™
802.11xWiFi™
Network
smart transducers
TIM?
TIM?
1451.5RadioPorts
FuturePHYs
NCAP
Wireline and Wireless Sensors Coexist in a Network
TIM
NCAP
TIM
Challenges/Questions
Can IEEE 1451 be a basis for RFID tag/sensors ? For active tags
In a collaborative business environment, the tags on products communicate and share data with each other. In the network, each RFID sensor node, or tag, can collect data and transmit it to any other node in the network. IEEE 1451’s distributed sensor architecture is such that
each NCAP can communicate with each other. Each tag transmits not only its unique ID number but also
details of its environment and content. IEEE 1451 sensor’s TEDS contains an UUID (unique
identification number) and sensor data tell the environment that it monitors.
Coordination with ITU, ISO, and EPCglobal Coordination with ITU, ISO, and EPCglobal on Sensor-enabled RFIDon Sensor-enabled RFID
Establish liaison with ITU-T and IEEE 1451 on future sensor integrated networked RFID standards development.
Establish liaison with ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC31/WG4 and IEEE 1451 on sensors and RFID standards.
Coordinating with ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC31/WG4/SG1 on integrating IEEE 1451 TEDS ideas with:
ISO/IEC 15961, Standard on RFID for Item Management – Data Protocol: Application Interface
ISO/IEC 15962, Standard on RFID for Item Management – Data Protocol: Data encoding rules and logical memory functions
ISO/IEC 15963, Standard on RFID for Item Management – Unique ID of RF Tag
ISO/IEC WD 24753, Standard on Information technology - Radio frequency identification (RFID) for item management - Application protocol: encoding and processing rules for sensors and batteries
Exploring coordination with EPCglobal on the future Gen III RFID standard, which will include sensors interfaces.
Example: ISO/IEC Example: ISO/IEC WD 24753WD 24753 - - Integrating Sensors and TagIntegrating Sensors and Tag
Examine adding sensor(s) to a battery-assisted tag Using existing RFID air interface to pass sensor(s) data to
the host
Detailed product information from secure
web-accessible database
Tag returnsunique ID code + sensor(s) data
Tag = chip + antenna
RF signal
Tag Reader
Sensor(s) and interface
electronics
Key Points
IEEE 1451 Smart sensor interfaces are open industry sensor
networking standards.
RFID and sensors are key enabling technologies for supply
chain in the not so distance future.
Networking sensors (wired and wireless) is the enabling
technology for remote sensing, internet access, and tracking.
Fixed and mobile sensors are needed to augment RFID in
applications.
Unifying smart and wireless sensor standards and RFID
standards is essential to achieve interoperability.
Interoperability is the key of success for RFID.
For More Information
Contact: Kang Lee at [email protected]
IEEE standards can be purchased at http:// ieee.org
IEEE 1451 websites:1451: http://ieee1451.nist.gov1451.0: http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/1451/0 1451.4: http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/1451/41451.5: http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/1451/51451.6: http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/1451/6
IEEE 1588 website: http://ieee1588.nist.gov, Standard for a Precision Clock Synchronization Protocol for Networked Measurement and Control Systems