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Status of mushroom industry in Kenya. By Mary W. Gateri Mushroom Stakeholders Workshop, 13 th March 2013, Fair View Hotel, Nairobi. Presentation order. General Introduction Production Marketing General features of the Industry. Introduction. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Status of mushroom industry in Kenya
By Mary W. Gateri
Mushroom Stakeholders Workshop, 13th March 2013, Fair View Hotel, Nairobi.
Presentation orderGeneral IntroductionProductionMarketingGeneral features of the Industry
IntroductionThe mushroom industry in Kenya is
still in its infancy stage, growing slowly but steadily.
Cultivation started in 1970 with Button mushroom (Agaricus bisporous) introduced by Lonrho E.A LTD.
In 2003, Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus spp) was introduced and became a favourite of small- scale growers
Introduction cont…Other mushrooms grown but on a
small scale for medicinal purposes are Reishi (G. lucidan) and Shiitake (Lentinula edodes)
Kenya boasts of three large scale farms - Olive farm, Rift valley, and Devan mushrooms
Small-scale production is concentrated in Western, Nyanza, Nairobi, Central and coastal counties
Introduction cont…Kenya has several wild mushroom
species which are also consumed. They include Cantharellus spp, Termitomycetes spp, Pleurotus spp, Auricularia spp, Russula spp to mention a few
Of the 42 tribes in Kenya, 38 are known to consume mushrooms
The key wild mushroom consumers and traders are found in Western and coastal Kenya
ProductionKenya’s production is pegged at 500
t per annum with a potential demand of 30,800 t per annum
The farm gate value of this production is KES 225 million (USD 2,678,570) with a retail value of KES 340 million (USD 4,047, 620)
Production cont..90% of this production is Button
mushroom which comes mainly from large scale farms.
Small-scale farmers who comprise 80% of the growers produce the rest which is mainly Oyster mushroom
Production cont…Inputs for production such as
substrates are cheap and easily available locally
80% of Button mushroom used locally is imported from Sylvan, a French multinational company located in S.A. Price is KES. 800 (USD 9)
20% is prepared locally, the main producer being JKUAT. The price of this spawn is KES 600 (USD 7)
Production Cont…Spawn for oyster mushroom is
produced locally by several spawn producers ranging from private to large Gov. organizations and high institutions of learning. Cost is KES. 600 (USD 7)
Spawn for Reishi and Shiitake mushrooms is also imported with a little being made locally.
Production cont…Cultivation uses polythene bags and
the shelve method is adopted in most farms
Some Oyster mushroom farmers however use the hanging method (bags hang from the roof), an innovation that requires testing and developing
Production Cont..Four CBO’s in partnership with a
local NGO (Wild living) also cultivate cantharellus in conserved and well managed forests along the coast
With the current production, demand outstrips supply
But with the shift of consumer preference towards healthy organically grown foods, Production is expected to improve
Production cont…ConstraintsAccessibility to good quality spawn at
an affordable priceUnavailability of adequate informationLack of capital for investment
especially for the Button typeA poor consumption trend by the locals
Marketing The two types of mushrooms with an
established local market are oyster and Button mushrooms
Oyster mushroom is cheap to grow, commands a cheaper price but still hard to sell
Button mushroom requires larger capital investment, commands a higher price but sells more easily
Marketing cont…Compared to other sources of protein
like beef, mushrooms fetch a premium price
Retail price for Oyster is KES 600/KG (USD 7) and KES 1.200/KG (USD14) for Button while beef retails at KES 350/KG (USD 4)
This makes mushroom a high value crop most Kenyans cannot afford (56% live below poverty line which is 1 USD/day)
Marketing cont…Existing local market outlets include -Formal which are big outlets like Kenya
airways, hospitals, supermarkets, Hotels and Restaurants (dominated by large-scale farms)
-Informal which are small outlets like green grocers and open air markets
Small-scale farmers are unable to penetrate these markets due to lack of sustained volumes
Marketing cont…Export markets are barely exploitedFew large-scale farms export to
Tanzania, Uganda, Ruanda and SudanKenya is yet to exploit the European
market under the Lome Cotonou Agreement, the USA market under AGOA and the rest of COMESA
Exports average 16 t/annum worth KES 3.9 million (USD 46,430)
Marketing cont…MUSHROOM DATA IMPORTS/EXPORTS(Source CBIK)
YEAR2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Exports (t) 58 2 3.7 8.5 1.9
Value M(KES)
10 0.26 0.55 1.9 0.47
Imports (t) 213 70 53 14 135
Values M( KES)
19.2 6.3 4.1 15.3 19.1
Marketing cont…Wild mushrooms are mostly
consumed by the locals, appearing after along drought
Few are traded in local open air markets (fresh or dried) and a little is sold in super stores
Wild living (a local NGO) assists in marketing the Cantharellus to local tourist hotels and restaurants as well as International European markets
Marketing cont…ChallengesExpansion of domestic markets
through intensive education on the nutrition and health benefits of mushrooms
Exploration of export marketsDevelopment of value-added
products to increase the range in the markets
General features of the industryIndustry has great opportunities for
employment, income generation and food and nutrition security for Kenyans.
Can engage women and youth who have no land ownership
As an emerging crop, not much research has been undertaken to improve the value chain
General features cont…Needs improvement in production
practices, enterprise development and marketing techniques
Consumer awareness campaigns are crucial to create local demand that would improve the industry
Industry requires investors, intensive research and extension
THE ENDThank you