Steel Pipe Presentation - Copy

8/21/2019 Steel Pipe Presentation - Copy

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STEEL PIPE

Manufacturing


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What is steel pipe?

Steel pipes are long, lightweight hollow tubes

that are used for a variety of purposes.

They are used for water and gas supply,

automobiles, heating and plumbing systems,

flagpoles, street lamps and etc.


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History

People have used pipes for thousands ofyears.

Perhaps the first use was by ancient

agriculturalists who diverted water fromstreams and rivers into their fields.

Chinese used reed pipe for transporting water

to desired locations as early as 2000 B.C. During the first century A.D. , the first lead

pipes were constructed in Europe.


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Reed pipe

Lead pipe


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Cond

An early for producing metal tubes waspatented by James Russell in 1824. In hismethod, tubes were created by joining

together opposite edges of a flat iron strip. The metal was first heated until it was

malleable. Using a drop hammer, the edgesfolded together and welded.

The pipe was finished by passing it through agroove and rolling mill.


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After Russell's method, Comelius Whitehouse

developed a better method for making metal

tubes.


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After Whitehouse, John Moon (in 1911)

suggested the continuous process method in

which a manufacturing plant could produce

pipe in an un ending stream.


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Design

There are two types of steel pipes:

1. Seam pipe

2. Seamless pipe

Seamed tubes are heavier and more rigid.They are used for as gas transportation,plumbing.

Seamless tubes are typically more lightweight, and have thinner walls. They are usedfor bicycles and transporting liquids.


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Raw Material

The primary raw material in pipe production is

steel. Other metals that may be present in the

alloy are

o Aluminum

o Manganese

o Titanium

o Tungsten

o Zirconium


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Manufacturing Process

The overall production method three steps;

First, raw steel is converted into a more

workable form.

Next, the pipe is formed on a continuous or

semi continuous production line.

Finally, the pipe is cut and modified to meet

the customer's needs.


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Ingot production

Molten steel is made by melting iron ore and

coke in a furnace.

The molten steel is then poured into large,

thick-walled iron molds, where it cools into

ingots.


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Producing Blooms

To produce a bloom, the ingot is passedthrough a pair of grooved steel rollers.

Groove steel rollers move in opposite

directions. This action causes the steel to be squeezed

and stretched into thinner, longer pieces.

Blooms are converted into billets by puttingthem through more rolling devices whichmake them longer and more narrow.


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Producing Slabs

Ingots may also be rolled into slabs in a process

that is similar to the bloom making process.

The steel is passed through a pair of stacked

rollers which stretch it. However, there are also

rollers mounted on the side to control the width

of the slabs.

The slabs are sent through a series of rollers on ahot mill and made into thin narrow strips of steel

called skelp


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Blooms

Slabs


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Pipe Making (seam pipe)

Both skelp and billets are used to make pipes. Skelp

is made into welded pipe.

In first steel (skelp) is heated.

The steel is then passed through

a series of grooved rollers.

As it passes by, the rollers

cause the edges of the skelp to

curl together.


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The steel next passes by welding electrodes.

These devices seal the two ends of the pipe

together.

Then passed through a high pressure roller

which helps create a tight weld.


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Pipe Making (seamless pipe)

When seamless pipe is needed, square billets

are used for production. They are heated and

molded to form a cylinder shape, also called a

round.

The round is then put in a furnace where it is

heated white-hot, then is rolled in high

pressure and results hole is form in thecenter.


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Since this hole is irregularly shaped, a bullet

shaped piercer point is pushed through the

middle of the billet as it is being rolled.

After that the pipe may still be of irregular

thickness and shape. To correct this it is

passed through another series of rolling mills.


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Quality Control

To ensure steel pipe meets specifications. Forexample, x-ray gauges are used to regulate thethickness of the steel pipe.

The gauges work by utilizing two x rays.1. One ray is directed at a steel of knownthickness.

2. The other is directed at the passing steel on the

production line. If there is any variance between the two rays, the

gauge will automatically trigger a re sizing of therollers to compensate.


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One method of testing a pipe is by using a

special machine. This machine fills the pipe

with water and then increases the pressure to

see if it holds.


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Documents

Steel Pipe Presentation - Copy