Upload
edmund
View
36
Download
0
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Step 5 Training Session: Interview Techniques. Questions. Generate useful information Focus on reasons or motives Invite unanticipated findings Non-threatening. Avoid . Subtly leading What do you like about? Double barreled What do you like and dislike? Laden terms Difficult to answer - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Citation preview
Step 5 Training Session:Interview Techniques
Questions
Generate useful information Focus on reasons or motives Invite unanticipated findings Non-threatening
Avoid
Subtly leadingWhat do you like about?
Double barreledWhat do you like and dislike?
Laden terms Difficult to answer Make people feel bad
Effectiveness
Setting and atmosphere Informant or Respondent Interview guide Interviewer
CharacteristicsSkills
Physical Setting
Private Comfortable Few physical barriers Level of heads equal Ability to take notes Tape player in non-intrusive
place, facing so can watch tape
Atmosphere
Friendly Respectful
Attentive listeningCuriosityConfident
Informant
Knowledgeable about topic of interest
Willing to share Articulate Comfortable with task and
setting
Taking Notes
As validation of research role Aid to memory during interview Key words for constructing
interviews Recording non-verbal cues and
impressions Confidentiality
Informed Consent Issues
Make explicit Length of time Benefits Nature and likelihood of risks
Assurance of confidentiality Who has access and for what purposes
Interview Guide
Introduction Key questions Closing
Introduction
Explain who we are Explain purpose Explain procedures Explain and give opportunity to
sign consent forms Express interest in hearing
different points of view
Closing
Opportunity to clarify Last minute thoughts Express appreciation
Order of Questions
Least to most threatening Tunnel vs. Funnel General questions before
specific questions Positive questions before
negative questions Uncued questions before cued
questions Flexibility
Guiding Discussion
Conversational Flexible: able to think on feet Stay focused Neutral
Listening
Listens intelligently Enthusiasm for the topic Genuine interest in what subject
has to say Responds to non-verbal cues Totally focused at all times Can handle contradictory
information with sensitivity
Other Skills
Non-judgmental Compassionate Puts participants comfort first Willing to share feelings when
appropriateDo not talk unnecessarilyDo not share information that would
bias Handles distractions well
Listening
Attending: verbal and non-verbal signs that you are paying full attention.
Encouraging responses: to indicate you are listening and encourage respondents to continue talking.
Internal Dialogue
What else do I need to ask to understand what this person means?
Am I hearing everything I need to know to understand the answer to the research problem? What else should I ask?
How much time do I have left?
Redirecting Discussion
Let's move on That brings up a related issue.. Let me ask that we hold this
discussion for a few moments so that I can ask....
We only have a little time left, so…
Probing
What does this mean anyway? What does this suggest we can
do to solve the problem/realize the project's goals?
How do I get beyond the intellectualizing to feelings?
The Silent Probe
5 seconds while maintaining eye contact
To clarify or illuminate clarify or illuminate
Paralanguage
Umms Uh-huhs Grunts Tone of voice is always
important
Elaborating
"Could you tell me more about that?"
"Could you tell me more about your thinking on that?"
"You started to say something about ...."
"Is there anything else?" "How do you mean?“
Specifying What specifically about _____
makes you feel that way? What else do you think about
_________? What other reasons do you have
for feeling that way? What else do you think about
that? I'd like to know more about your
thinking on that issue.
Laddering Techniques Ask series of questions to get
more specific comments and uncover root cause or meaningIn what way is it good?What does that mean to you?How does that make you feel?
Be Careful Not to Lead
Ask for Specific Examples "I see, well, could you give me
an example?" “Can you give me a description
of….” “How might someone do that?” “What are some specific
examples of ______________?" "Would you give me an example
of what you mean?"
Clarifying
"I don't understand." "I'm not sure I understand how
you are using the word ______." "I'm a bit confused, could you try
again to explain what ____." "Could you explain what you
mean by _____."
Encouraging
To reassure them and encourage them to continue
Uh-huh Yes..Yes I see
Repeating Whenever there is confusion,
may begin by repeating question May rephrase if use parallel
question form “Let me repeat the question…
(repeat it) “Well, in your opinion…(repeat
it) “Well, all things considered…
(repeat it) “So, the message you want me
to get from that story is…”
Practice Session
Break into triads Give feedback to each
other Focus on Probing