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STI Led Inclusive Innovation:Shifting Paradigms
R A MashelkarPresident
Global Research Alliance
The STI Challenge
Science Solve
Technology Transform
Innovation Impact
“Inclusion should not only create opportunities for all within a society but also be globally inclusive.
You cannot leave behind the people that I saw in Rajasthan in India for instance…”
- Robert Zoellick5 December 2009New Delhi, India
The Challenge:Including the Excluded!
NOT BUT___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
Low Cost
Affordability
Incremental Innovation
Ultra Low Cost
Extreme Affordability
Disruptive Innovation
Inclusive Innovation
Ultra Low Cost AIDS Triple-Combination(stavudine (d4T) + lamivudine (3TC) + nevirapine)
CSIR India Contribution
10 fold lower not 10% lower
INDOVATION
Disruption at Ultra Low Cost
Products To__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
From
Psoriasis Treatment $20000 $100
Artificial Foot $12000 $28
Cataract Surgery $3000 $30
Laptop $2000 $100
Hepatitis B Vaccine $18 $0.4
Current Drug Development
Today10years
ago
Cost of development $1.5 b$250 m
Time 15yrs10yrs
Potential new drugs (NCE) ~30~40
Cost of Treatment: $20000!
Time for Development: 10 yrs
Cost of Development: Few hundred million dollars
X $100?
X 5 yrs?
X<$10 mn?
“When you wish to achieve results that have not been achieved before, it is an unwise fancy to think that they can be achieved by using methods that have
not been used before.”
- Sir Francis Bacon
Traditional Medicine
Modern Medicine
Modern Science
Standard Drug Delivery Process
Molecule Mice Men
Reverse Pharmacology ProcessReverse Pharmacology Process
Men Mice Men
Indian Psoriasis Breakthrough
World Bank paving the way for Inclusive Innovation
– GRA-WB initiative • Approach based reverse pharmacology for treatment
of HIV opportunistic infections• Basis: Tanzania traditional knowledge!• Traditional healers and scientists from 5 continents
brought together
• Tanga project partners– TAWG (Tanzania)– NIMR (Tanzania)– CSIR (SA)– CSIR (India)– FhG (Germany)– TNO (Netherlands)
World Bank paving the way for Inclusive Innovation
Global Indigenous Knowledge and Innovation Partnership (GIKIP)
(New York- 26 Sept 2008)
• CSIRO, Australia• CSIR, India• CSIR, South Africa• FhG, Germany• TNO, Netherlands• VTT, Finland• SIRIM, Malaysia• DTI, Denmark• Battelle, USA
The Power of GRA
• 60000 scientists from 5 continents
• Scientific credibility• Members driven by:
– Innovation, Compassion, Passion• Collective Mandate:
– Global Good through Global Knowledge
20
First commercial Xerox copier (Battelle)Dry copying process developed into the first office copier machine in 1944
MP3 (Fraunhofer)Development of high quality, low bit-rate audio coding for quality transfer of music
Wi-Fi(CSIRO)Development and patenting of wireless LAN technology Gigabyte wireless network (CSIRO)Development of wireless technology which can deliver up to 12 Gbps over a range of more than 8 kms
Power of GRA- High Tech Pioneers
21
But GRA believes inInclusive Innovation
A breakthrough in TB after the first new molecule Rifampycin in 1963. Clears TB in two months rather than 6-8 months (CSIR India)
Orbital implant (CSIR SA)A low cost eye replacement with unique advantages
Relenza, (CSIRO) the first drug successful in treating flu
Bioactive paper for diagnostics (VTT)Includes functionalities based on the selective reactions of biomolecules
Global Knowledge for Global Good
www.research-alliance.net
GRA Dyadic Relationships
CSIR South Africa
DTI
Battelle
FraunhoferCSIR India
CSIRO
TNO
SIRIM
VTT
Global Knowledge for Global Good
Network of Networks
• Regional networking with partners from Oulu in electronics and tele-communications programmes
Lappeenranta University of Technology (Lappeenranta)
Salcomp Oy (Kemijärvi)CCC (Oulu)
Sonera (Helsinki)
Nokia Mobile Phones (Oulu)National Semiconductor Finland Oy,former Fincitec Oy (Kemi)
University of Oulu (Oulu)
Efore Oy (Helsinki)
Projekti-Insinöörit Oy (Helsinki)
Cybelius Software Oy (Oulu)
Teleste (Turku)
Tampere University of Technology (Tampere)
Nokia Networks (Oulu)
ADC Telecommunications Oy (Oulu)
VTT, Technical ResearchCentre of Finland (Helsinki)
Helsinki University of Technology (Espoo)JOT Automation Oy (Oulu)
Nokia Research Center (Helsinki)
VTT, Technical ResearchCentre of Finland (Oulu)
Extrabit Oy (Oulu)
ABB (Helsinki)NetHawk Oy (Oulu)
Elektrobit Oy (Oulu)
Vaisala Oyj (Helsinki)
Polar Electro Oy (Oulu)
Filtronic LK Oy (Oulu)
Aspocomp Oy (Helsinki)
Elcoteq Network Oyj (Lohja)
Planar Systems Oy (Helsinki)Ultraprint Oy (Oulu)
Suunto Oy (Helsinki)Picopak (Lohja)Nokia Mobile Phones (Salo)
24
Power of Network of Networks
n(n-1)2
P =
GRA’s Network of Networks powering low cost internet access to rural Africa……..
• ‘Connecting the unconnected’ with next-gen technology
• Pilot through Macha community in Zambia
Network of NetworksNo. Participant organisation name Short name Country
1(CO)
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft Fraunhofer Germany
2 France Telecom FT France
3 Turksat A.S. TurkSat Turkey
4 Huawei Technologies Duesseldorf GmbH HWDU Germany
5 SAP AG SAP Germany
6 Thales Nederland B.V. TNL The Netherlands
7 Interroute S.p.A. IRT Italy
8 LinkNet LinkNet Zambia
9 Romantis Romantis Germany
10. ViaLight Communications GmbH VLC Germany
11. StratXX near space technologies AG STX Switzerland
12. VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland VTT Finland
13. Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepastnatuur wetenschappelijk TNO The Netherlands
14. Council of Scientific & Industrial research CSIR South Africa
15. Deutsches Zentrum fur Luf-und Raumfahrt e.V DLR Germany
16. Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences BRSU Germany
17. Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne EPFL Switzerland
18. Center for Mathematics and Computer Science CWI The Netherlands
Design Develop Deploy
Local Organizations
Local Capacity Building
GRA spans end-to-end
The Power of partnering 10,000 Development Practitioners with 60,000 Scientists
Potential for inclusive innovation
Innovative
Solutions for accelerated Sustainable
Development
The World Bank
Global Knowledge Repository
Development Finance
Project Funding
• Achieve universal primary education• Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other
diseases• Develop global partnership for
development• …………
STI- Engine for DevelopmentWorld Bank- Engine for STI?
International
$18 per dose
40 Cents per dose!!
SPREAD funding creates India’s Hepatitis B Vaccine
World Bank
(India, 1990-92)
Industrial Technology Development Programme
(ITDP)
Sponsored Research and Development (SPREAD)
“Inclusion should not only create opportunities for all within a society but also be globally inclusive.
You cannot leave behind the people that I saw in Rajasthan in India for instance…”
- Robert Zoellick5 December 2009New Delhi, India
Time to Move
From
Industrial Technology Development Programme (ITDP)
To
Inclusive Innovation Development Programme (IIDP)
From ITDP to IIDP
SME Development Human Development
Creation of Venture Capital Creation of Social Capital
Transforming public institutions
Transforming poor lives through innovation
Industrial Technology Development Programme (WB)
Inclusive Innovation Development Programme (WB)
Ecosystem for Industrial Research and Technology Development
Ecosystem for Inclusive Innovation
Country specific MDG specific (STI driven)
Soft loan to countries Committed to innovation challenges
Consortia of intra-country organizations
Consortia of global funding organizations
Global Funding AlliancesTraditional New Model
Products for customers-
Feasibility of product/service performance in markets drive funding objectives
People as customers-
The needs of the unserved customers are identified and funding is packaged to support inclusive innovation
Enterprise Uptake-
The output of the project requires an enterprise to come in and commercialize
Enterprise Creation-
An enterprise is either identified as a partner at the beginning of the project or is created as part of the project. This ensures end-to-end delivery
Global Funding Alliances
Sustainable Development-
Projects addressing sustainable development in a linear way without a bias on technology
Sustainable Technology for Development-
Technology as a driver of sustainable development to get exponential and accelerated results
Individual Passion-
Generally driven by leaders with philanthropic attitudes
Institutional Mission-
Inclusive Innovation as a core mission for transformation
Grants-
The funding is mostly grant based with a supply side approach on broad themes
Partnerships-
Partnerships are encouraged to be formed around specific challenges and funding is directed to the demand
Traditional New Model
The World Bank Inclusive Innovation Fund
• Grand Challenges based:
- Clean drinking water to every human
- Light in every hut
- Zero child mortality due to infectious diseases
- Malaria free world
- Information to every child
- Towards a carbon negative world
The World Bank Inclusive Innovation Fund
• Partnerships with not just countries but alliances with global research networks (GRA, IAC…?)
• Demand Driven not just Supply Side
• Driven by sentiments and science
IIDP to create Inclusive Innovation Centres (IIC)
• IICs to be established in developing nations
•IICs as conduits of World Bank for delivery
•Funded through the Inclusive Innovation Development Programme (IIDP)
•Focus on advocacy, capacity building, technology transfer, incubation and delivery- all to spur inclusive innovation
•Member organizations of GRA can be natural partners for design & delivery
Need to Move Beyond Science &Technology…
Advancing science and technology in developing nations
Advancing people through application of science, technology and innovation
Building strong islands of scientific excellence
Building strong foundations ofinnovation
World Bank Millennium Science Project Inclusive Innovation Centres (IIC)
Producing more and better qualified science and engineering graduates
Capacity building through strong partnerships between knowledge creators and local ecosystems
Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) a good start….
• Focus on scientific research in agriculture
•8000 scientists and staff active in over 100 countries
•15 International Centres
•Challenge Programme to address critical issues
The need now is to go beyond scientific research and accelerate technology development and inclusive innovation
World Bank South-South Initiative
• Share knowledge between developing countries in overcoming poverty
•Development successes in one country can help another
•Based on proven solutions
•Deepen South-South contact
More of the same is good but we also need More from Less for More
Haves
Have - Nots
Price
Perf
orm
ance
Have - Nots Haves
Price
Perf
orm
ance
More
For More
“I favour a shift in strategy to get more bang for the buck”
- Robert Zoellick
5 December 2009
New Delhi, India
4 Billion PeopleIncome - Less than $2 a day
The $20 Knee (#18)The 50 Best Inventions of 2009