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8/2/2019 Stirling Engine applications
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Marthi P K P Chaitanya Raghav
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Stirling Engine?
• Historical Importance
• Current significance
• Configurations of Stirling Engine – Alpha, Beta and Gamma
• LTD- stirling engine
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Stirling Engine Mechanism
Beta configuration Stirling Alpha configuration Stirling
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Const. Vol Heat Addition
Isothermal exp
Const Vol heat rejec.
Isothermal comp..
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Striling Cycles
• 1-2 – constant expansion (heat addition from the external
source)
• 2-3
– constant regeneration (internal heat transfer fromthe working fluid to the regenerator)
• 3-4 – constant compression (heat rejection to the external
sink)
• 4-1 – constant regeneration (internal heat transfer from
the regenerator back to the working fluid)
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PV and TS Diagrams of Stirling Engine
V1 = V4; V2= V3r= V4/ V3 = V1/ V3
Net work done = mR (Thigh-Tlow) ln(r)
Heat Supplied = mR Thigh ln(r)
Efficiency = 1 – (TL / TH )
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D il d Vi f C
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Detailed View of Components
Fly Wheel
Power Piston
DISPLACER
D il d Vi f C
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Detailed View of Components
From Here Cold Region
Hot Plate
Fly Wheel
POWER Piston
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Requirements
• Fly wheel gives the momentum to movesystem from one stage to another
• Displacer and Power Piston are keyelements in whole Stirling engine
• Counter weight to nullify the vibrations
• Hot and Cold areas• DEWAR with conducting plates
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Combined Heat and Power (CHP)
• Works efficiently at low temp differences
• Decreasing thermal pollution
• Increases over all efficiency of ThermalPower Plant
– Over all efficiency = 88% (Helium)
• 80,000 units of electricity is generatedusing exhaust in 2004, UK
Exhaust
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Solar power generation
• With an attached generator and parabolicmirror electricity is produced
• It has better efficiency better than typical
photovoltaic cells
• Parabolic Dishes: Stirling Engine, WorkingFluid: Helium (50 -200 bar, 600 - 1200°C)
• No emission of pollutants
• Uninterrupted power generation for 14 hours
– 5AM to 7PM in summers
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State of Art Design
• Operates at Temp. difference of 600 kelvin
• Solar Tracker to position whole systemtowards sun
• Each modules generates 4 kilowatts ..!!
• No impact on environment
• High reliability• Zero Maintenance
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Advantages of Stirling Engine
• Impossible to explode
• Refilling not required
• Any kind of fuel or heat source can beused
• Can be designed at zero emissions
• It can run even at small temp. diffs.• Waste heat is easily harvested eg. CHP
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Electricity Crisis in India
• 800 million Indian homes do not haveproper electric supply
• Requirement in 2012 grows to 1,097
Billion kWh – Demand = 861,591 million kWh
– Produced =788,355 million kWh
• How do we meet this demands?(Commercial/ Household needs)
70 Giga kWh
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Prospects in India
• Solar Potential in India is 5,000 trillion kWh perYear
• Insolation: 4 to 7 kWh /m2 / day
• 35,000 km2 Area of Thar Desert has been setaside for Power Projects, Sufficient to Generate7,00, 000MW to 21,00,000 MW
• Electricity costs can be reduced
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Conclusion
• Perfect Solution for India’s energy needs
– Zero Thermal Pollution
– Low Maintenance
– No Fuel required
• Noise free operation and No Vibrations
• To meet the energy requirements of thecountry and electrify rest of the villages inIndia
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Courtesy
• A review of solar-powered Stirling engines and low temperaturedifferential Stirling engines by Bancha Kongtragool, SomchaiWongwises
• Gas Power Cycles Prof. U.S.P. Shet , Prof. T. Sundararajan andProf. J.M . Mallikarjunahttp://www.nfc-forum.org
• www.wikipedia.com
• www.indexmundi.com/India/Economy
• www.eurosolar.in/electricity_india.htm
• http://www.robertstirlingengine.com
• Documents from “Plataforma Solar de Almería”
• Solar Thermal Market in India, Dr. Nilesh Bhatt
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THANK YOU