Stockholm . description about city

7/27/2019 Stockholm . description about city

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Image of the City: Art, Architecture and Urbanism 1

ibuarchitecture arc 324 | architecture and city | spring 2013 mustafa hasanovic


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1. Urban History and Plans

Stockholm is the capital of Sweden and the

largest city of Scandinavia. Stockholm is the

most populous city in Sweden, with a

population of 871,952 in the municipality

(2010), 1,372,565 in the urban area (2010),

and 2,119,760 in the 6,519 km2 (2,517.00

sq mi) metropolitan areas (2010). As of

2010, the Stockholm metropolitan area is

home to approximately 22% of Sweden's

population.

Founded in c. 1250, possibly as early as

1187, Stockholm has long been one of

Sweden's cultural, media, political, and

economic centers. Its strategic location on

14 islands on the coast in the south-east of

Sweden at the mouth of Lake Mlaren, by

the Stockholm archipelago, has been

historically important. Stockholm has been

nominated by GaWC as a global city, with a

ranking of Beta+. In The 2008 Global Cities

Index, Stockholm ranked 24th in the world,

10th in Europe, and first in Scandinavia.

Stockholm is known for its beauty, its

buildings and architecture, its abundant

clean and open water, and its many parks.

It is sometimes referred to as Venice of the

North.

Planning has a long history in the Swedish

society; the first planning laws were drawn

up in the 19th century. In Sweden,

planning is largely done by local

governments, although the county and

state can also be involved. Swedens

planning system has three main elements:

Democratic and decentralized decision-

making, Competing interests are balanced;

Ecological and social needs and values are

taken into account.

In Sweden, planning begins from aframework that respects the need to

preserve the natural environment, both for

ecological and human health. There are

several documents that are significant to

parks planning, including Stockholms City

Plan and the Stockholm Regional Plan.

While every city in Sweden is required to

submit a comprehensive city plan,

Stockholm is the only county with an

official regional planning agency. The goals

of these documents are to preserve the


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most valuable green areas within and

outside of the city. One key priority in

Stockholm is to focus on connecting these

green spaces, both for human recreation

and to promote biodiversity. Also, water is

protected, and special attention is given to

the entire watershed when planning for

urban development. The green structure is

to be supplemented by parks and open

spaces within urban environments. In

order to ensure that green areas are not

destroyed in the name of urban growth,

the City of Stockholm supports infill

development in both their inner city and

outer suburban communities.

The Regional Plan has two key goals, 1) to

develop regional nodes, and 2) to preserve

the regional green structure. A Park

Program is being developed so that as infill

increases urban and suburban densities,

the amount of open space is maintained

within and outside of the built areas. A

sociotope map, which maps the socio-

cultural valued open spaces provides a

qualitative understanding of park users

needs. There are also more definite

prescriptions for the open space needs of

the city.


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2. Urban form

Stockholm has developed based on a radial

urban pattern, following public

transportation routes out of the city. New

towns have followed the same model,

developing in dense nodes around rail

stations. However, the Stockholm region

has seen urban sprawl in spite of its

impressive planning system.

Urban sprawl has increased congestion and

swallowed up some of the areas green

space. Now, the regional and municipal

governments have created plans to alterthis trend.

The Regional Plan and Stockholms CityPlan

both call for infill development within the

urban core, especially on land that was

once industrial and is now underutilized or

vacant. In addition, the Regional Plan calls

for a new spatial pattern--a polycentric

model.This polycentric model would focus new

growth in seven cores connected to the

public transportation system at the

periphery.


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3. Architecture

The city's oldest section is "Gamla Stan"

(Old Town), located on the original small

islands of the city's earliest settlements

and still featuring the medieval street

layout. Some notable buildings of Gamla

Stan are the large German Church (Tyska

kyrkan) and several mansions and palaces:

the Riddarhuset (the House of Nobility),

the Bonde Palace, the Tessin Palace and

the Oxenstierna Palace.

The oldest building in Stockholm is the

Riddarholmskyrkan from the late 13th

century. After a fire in 1697 when the

original medieval castle was destroyed,

Stockholm Palace was erected in a baroque

style. Storkyrkan Cathedral, the episcopal

seat of the Bishop of Stockholm, stands

next to the castle. It was founded in the

13th century but is clad in a baroque

exterior dating to the 18th century.

As early as the 15th century, the city had

expanded outside of its original borders.

Some pre-industrial, small-scale buildings

from this era can still be found in

Sdermalm. During the 19th century and

the age of industrialization Stockholm grew

rapidly, with plans and architecture

inspired by the large cities of the continent

such as Berlin and Vienna. Notable works

of this time period include public buildings

such as the Royal Swedish Opera and

private developments such as the luxury

housing developments on Strandvge. In

the 20th century, a nationalistic push

spurred a new architectural style inspired

by medieval and renaissance ancestry as

well as influences of the Jugend/Art

Nouveau style. A key landmark of

Stockholm, the Stockholm City Hall, was

erected 1911-1923 by architect Ragnar

stberg. Other notable works of these

times are the Stockholm Public Library and

the Forest Cemetery, Skogskyrkogrden.

City hall

National muesum


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4. Public spaces

Stockholm is world famous for being

stunningly beautiful. The city sits on 14

islands, is surrounded by water and is

pickled with parkland, forest and lakeshore

beaches. With 26 city parks, Stockholm is

pretty green. Popular parks include

Hagaparken (forest, lakes and ponds),

Rlambshovsparken (lakeside grass beach

and fields), Vita Bergen (hilly picnic park)

and the huge (6,671 acres) Royal National

City Park, the worlds first national city

park, known as the Ecopark where you can

spot heron, roe deer and foxes, right in the

city.

The Royal National city park contains 3

royal parks; Djurgrden, Haga and Ulriksdal

connected by Brunnsviken Bay. And the

surrounding islands of Skeppsholmen,

Kastellholmen, Beckholmen and

Fjderholmarna are also part of the

Ecopark.

The Royal National Park


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5. Art in the City

The art permanently on display in the

Stockholm Metro in what we sometimes

call the worlds longest art exhibition

includes several hundred unique works.

What they have to offer depends on who is

viewing them. Some people see beauty,

some have an emotional response, while to

others its mainly a great way of telling the

stations apart. What we do know is that

the art in the Metro is appreciated, unique

and famous way beyond Swedens borders.

We hope that you too will look at it, enjoy

it and be inspired by it.

Over 90 of SLs 100 Metro stations feature

sculptures, mosaics and paintings. An art

exhibition 110 km long runs beneath the

streets of Stockholm. SLs passengers can

see it every day. Each year the exhibition is

updated with new works of art, temporary

as well as permanent. The books Art goes

underground and Stockholm Under

provide even more information about the

Metro, its architecture and its art. Please

note that Stockholm Under is only

available in Swedish.

Stockholm metro


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7. Mass Media in the City

Stockholm is the media centre of Sweden.

It has four nation-wide daily newspapers

and is also the central location of the

publicly funded radio (SR) and television

(SVT). In addition, all other major television

channels have their base in Stockholm,

such as: TV3, TV4, Kanal 5 and TV6. All

major magazines are also located to

Stockholm, as are the largest literature

publisher, the Bonnier group. In Stockholm

the hit PC game "Minecraft" was created

by Markus 'Notch' Persson in 2009.


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9. Presence in Overall Urban Imagination

a. postcard image - really interesting image with several pictures of places that represent Stockholm. The nice architectural work,

important buildings, natural features and other beauties are presented.


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b. iconic monument or building - The Royal Palace it is one of the largest palaces in Europe! The Royal Palace is the official residence

of His Majesty the King of Sweden, with over 600 rooms. The Palace is open to the public and offers no less than five museums. The Palace was

largely built during the eighteenth century in the Italian Baroque style, on the spot where the Tre Kronor castle burned down in 1697.


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c. place or space of congregation/meetingthis space is already explained in previous text

d. atmosphere the people of Stockholm are very kind and they like to hang. This jam of people can be seen in streets every

day.


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Urban Representation: City Museums and Urban Curating 12


10. Museums in the City

Stockholm Stadsmuseum

Hallwylska mueum

A

C

B

D

The Royal Armory Tullmuseum Museum of national antiyuities Nationalmuseum

E F

1


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The Institute of Urban History

The Institute of Urban History was founded in

1919 as a section of the Confederation of Swedish

Towns. The initiative came from the

confederation. Organizer and driving force was

Yngve Larsson who in this project worked

together with the historians Nils Herlitz and Nils

Ahnlund. The contacts between the institute and

the academic world were close from the very

beginning and grew successively stronger. In 1953

a chair designed for urban history was established

in Stockholm, and the Professor of urban history

was also to hold the position as director of the

institute. The institute is today a part of the

Swedish Association of Local Authorities butlocalized to the Department of History at

Stockholm University. The association, the

university and the City of Stockholm are each

financing one third of the chair in urban history.

G H

Nordic Museum Moderna museum

Stockholm University

The Institute of Urban History

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11. Museums of the City

Previous map present a central location of

city where can be seen a different kind of

museum that are located near each other.

Some of them are shown and presented.

The museums that this city has are very

interesting and each of them presents a

different kind of exhibition from nature,

history, modern times etc.

They together shape image of the city

Stockholm and represent all features tah

this city has.

Stockholm is one of the most crowdedmuseum-cities in the world with around

100 museums, visited by millions of people

every year. The most renowned national

museum is the Nationalmuseum, with

Sweden's largest collection of art: 16,000

paintings and 30,000 objects of art

handicraft. The collection dates back to the

days of Gustav Vasa in the 16th century,

and has since been expanded with works

by artists such as Rembrandt, and Antoine

Watteau, as well as constituting a main

part of Sweden's art heritage, manifested

in the works of Alexander Roslin, Anders

Zorn, Johan Tobias Sergel, Carl Larsson,

Carl Fredrik Hill and Ernst Josephson.

The Museum of Modern Art, or Moderna

Museet, is Sweden's national museum of

modern art. It has works by famous

modern artists such as Picasso and

Salvador Dal.

Other notable museums:

- Stockholm City Museum

- Skansen, the archetype of open-air

museums, inaugurated 1891.

- Nordic Museum, dedicated to the cultural

history and ethnography of Sweden.

- Royal Coin Cabinet, dedicated to the

history of money.

- The Vasa Museum, with the

reconstruction of the missing parts of the

Vasa Ship.


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12. City on Display

The Urban History Association is a

meeting-place for professional historians

and people outside the universities with

interest for urban, municipal and local

history. All members are elected by theboard of the Swedish Association of Local

Authorities after nomination by the

institute or the Urban History Board. The

Urban History association has about 200

members.

The main purpose of the institute is to

promote research and stimulate interest in

urban, municipal and local history. Thisgoal is realized through a wide range of

different measures.

* The institute has organized an Urban

History Group including a network for local

historians who meet once or twice a year

to discuss joint research questions and

other issues as well. The group consists of

urban and local historians from Swedenand other Nordic countries.

* Since the mid-1950s the institute has

been a member of the International

Commission for the History of Towns (La

Commision Internationale pour l`Historie

des Villes). The institute is also a partner in

the European Association for Urban

Historians and collaborates with many

departments and researchers all over

Europe and beyond, among others theCenter for Urban History at Leicester

University.

* The institute cooperates regularly with

urban historians and institutes for local

history in Denmark, Finland and Norway.

Since 1973 seminars on Nordic local history

are arranged every third year.

* The institute tries to be a link between

the academic world and local historians

outside the universities. The Urban History

Association is one of several channels for

promoting cooperation between

professional and non-professional

historians.

* Close collaboration has developed with

the Committee for Documentation on

Stockholm (Kommittn fr

Stockholmsforskning). Together we

produced and published a jubilee book in

two columes when Stockholm celebrated

its 750 years of existence in 2002. Future

research is directed towards Migration to

Stockholm throughout the years.

* The institute can give service and advice

to towns as well as rural municipalities that

are preparing or working whith their local

history.

* The institute has arranged conferences,

given series of lectures and in other ways

cooperated with the National Association

for the Preservation of Local Nature and

Culture (Svenska Hembygdsfrbundet) and

the National Association`s regional section

for Stockholm County (Stockholms lns

hembygdsfrbund).

* Ever since the start in 1919 the institute

has organized, registered and published

source material on the history of Swedish

towns. One result is the six volume series

Privileges, resolutions, statutes and by-laws

for Swedish towns. The volumes have been

published between 1923 and 1985.

Together they cover the period from 1251

up to 1632.

* Another way to facilitate the use of

source material has been to build up a

register with references to medieval


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diploma, parliamentary documents, royal

letters addressed to the towns, and

correspondence between Central

Authorities and the towns. The register

covers the period 1561 to 1923 and is

available at microfiche at the National

Archives in Stockholm.

* The institute owns a large collection of

abstracts from daily newspapers during the

period 1910 to 1960. These abstracts give a

lot of information about local politics in

Swedish towns. Most of the material

reflects the debates in the town councils.

* The institute has initiated the building of

a database containing population figures

for all Swedish towns and other urban

localities. Part of the material is published

in Urban Historical Statistics, volume 1-3.

* The institute presents information on

Internet (CyberCity) for every Swedish

town on their history, populationdevelopment, economic structure,

municipal elections and so on.

* The institute has regularly published

bibliographies of Swedish urban, municpial

and local history. This has been an on-

going task since 1919. Review of Urban and

Municipal History (Revy ver stads- och

kommunhistoria) is the bibliographicalpublication. Nowadays this information is

given on the CyberCity-website. Besides

the institute has published bibliographies

on Swedish urban history in English.

* The director and the assistent conduct

their own research in the field ofcomparative urban history. Research is also

carried out by Ph.D. students and others as

well for specific projects.

* The institute has three different series for

the publication of research results: Studies

in urban history (Studier i stads- och

kommunhistoria), Local history

(Lokalhistoria) and Urban Historical

Statistics (Historisk ttortsstatistik).


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13. Proposal

Stockholm is a city that has very strict and develop urban pattern that is developed during centuries. Institute of Urban His tory, one of

the museums in this city, is the institution where urban form is researched and developed. Because of long history and this institute it

can be said that this city is developed in good way with different communication lines, transport, centers, parks, etc.

Architecture of city is rich, from 12th century till today; remarkable pieces are made. The Royal Palace, Stockholm City Hall, National

museum are just some pieces of art that are worth to be mentioned here.

From map that is shown in previous pages it can be seen positions of the most significant buildings. Almost all of them are near each

other and it has some advantages and some disadvantages, Advantages are distance between them, easily going from one to

another. Disadvantage is small space that is developed and urbanized but other city parts are not. City must have different parts that

are developed in same way, not just one central area. Proposal is to develop other parts and put together with this focal point of city

centre.Good way to promote city and architecture of the city is media and marketing. One example of that is Coca Cola Company that

invests millions of dollars in marketing of their products and they reached the best selling drinks. Why not to promote Stockholm like

best city in the world, to attract visitors, to attract investors.


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It is very difficult to propose something new, something different that this city doesnt have . During research some ideas where

investigated and final proposals are:

a). local interventions using museum exhibitions in different public spaces like shopping centers, streets etc. On the map is shown

possible location of the most crowded streets and shopping centers that can be used for this kind of exhibition. This proposal is good

because the exhibition is near and reachable to people, easily seen. If people dont want to go to the museum, museum will come to

the people. This sentence is very important and explains many things about this proposal.

Globen Shopping center is one of examples where can be installed this exhibitions. On the picture below it can be seen exact

location of the shopping mall and same way how that exhibition can be placed into the mall.


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Upper picture represent one of the famous and most crowded squares in

Stockholm. Its name is Sergels Square. While other pictures shows how can be

shown exhibition in streets. These pictures are taken from Google Earth and also

Google Earth Street View and they represent real condition that this street has. Red

marks are points where the possible installation can be putted. They will not be

barrier for communication and transportation system that already exists.


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b). international intervantions this intervention is little bit different then previous one because of its complexity. It is not easy to

show some exhibition from Stockholm in other city like Torino that is thousands and thousands kilometers far away but it is possible.

Like purpose of that is because the 95 % of the citizens of Torino are not possible to go to see exhibition is Stockholm museums,

because of different reasons like distance, money etc. But why dont we bring them exhibition from Stockholm in their own city, in

from of them? They would have opportunity to see everything. To meet with different culture, old things, different subjects etc.


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Proposal is to bring some typical stuff and objects that each city has. Torino have different culture, different museum that Stockholm

dont have. Here are some examples what can be exhibited in Stockholm from Torino museums. First picture is from Egizio museum

where exhibitions is about Egyptian ancient word, pharaohs etc. Second picture is famous car Fiat that is produced in Torino. Third

picture is painting from 20 century and new modern movement of artists that Torino has.


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References

1. Wikipedia; http://www.wikiarquitectura.comindex.phptitle=Stockholm.html2. Great Buildings; http://www.greatbuildings.com/buildings/.html3. W ikipedia; http://www.wikiarquitectura.comindex.phptitle=Stockholm.html4. Google maps :http://www.google.maps.com/stockholm.html
http://www.google.maps.com/stockholm.htmlhttp://www.google.maps.com/stockholm.htmlhttp://www.google.maps.com/stockholm.htmlhttp://www.google.maps.com/stockholm.html

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Stockholm . description about city