Stomach Dr. Ochieng

8/2/2019 Stomach Dr. Ochieng

1/28

OCHIENG J

Stomach


2/28

Location

The stomach issituated in the upper

part of the abdomen,extending frombeneath the leftcostal margin region

into the epigastricand umbilicalregions. Much of thestomach lies undercover of the lower

ribs.


3/28


4/28

Stomach

The stomach is the dilated portion of the alimentarycanal and has three main functions: It stores food (in theadult it has a capacity of about 1500 mL), it mixes thefood with gastric secretions to form a semifluid chyme,and it controls the rate of delivery of the chyme to the

small intestine so that efficient digestion and absorptioncan take place.

The stomach is divided into four regions:

the cardia

the fundus of stomach the body of stomach

the pyloric part, which is divided into the pyloricantrum and pyloric canal and is the distal end of the

stomach


5/28

The stomach isdivided into threeparts:

the fundus ofstomach

the body ofstomach

the pyloric part,which is dividedinto the pyloricantrum andpyloric canal

and pyloricsphincter


6/28


7/28


8/28

thegreatercurvature ,whichis a point ofattachment for thegastrosplenic

ligament and thegreater omentum ;

thelessercurvature ,whichis a point ofattachment for thelesser omentum ;

Curvatures


9/28

OrificesThe cardiac orifice is

where the esophagusenters the stomachAlthough no anatomicsphincter can bedemonstrated here, aphysiologicmechanism exists thatprevents regurgitation ofstomach contents intothe esophagus.

The pyloric orifice:The circular muscle coatof the stomach is muchthicker here and formsthe anatomic sphincter.The pylorus lies on thetranspyloric plane, andits position can berecognized by a slight

constriction on thesurface of the stomach.


10/28

thecardialnotch ,which isthe superiorangle createdwhen theesophagusenters thestomach ;

theangularincisure ,whichis a bend on thelesser curvature

Notches


11/28


12/28

Relations Anteriorly:

The

anteriorabdominalwall, theleft costal

margin, theleft pleuraand lung,thediaphragm,

and the leftlobe of the

liver


13/28


14/28


15/28

Posteriorly: The lesser sac, the diaphragm, the spleen, the left suprarenal

gland, the upper part of the left kidney, the splenic artery, the pancreas, thetransverse mesocolon, and the transverse colon


16/28


17/28

Posteriorly: The lesser sac, the diaphragm, the spleen, the left suprarenal

gland, the upper part of the left kidney, the splenic artery, the pancreas, thetransverse mesocolon, and the transverse colon


18/28


19/28


20/28


21/28

Blood Supply


22/28

ArteriesThe arteries arederived from thebranches of theceliac artery

The left gastric arteryThe right gastricartery arises from thehepatic arteryThe short gastricarteries arise fromthe splenic artery

The leftgastroepiploic arteryarises from thesplenic arteryThe rightgastroepiploic arteryarises from the

gastroduodenalbranch of the hepaticartery.


23/28


24/28


25/28


26/28

veins


27/28

lymphatics


28/28

Documents

Stomach Dr. Ochieng