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BRANDING
Which message does the product/brand want to convey?
Example: Young and sportyTechnical and medical...
S
01
STRATEGY
S
03
STRATEGY
CHANNELS
Which channels will you use to reach your customers?
Examples:
Presence in physical storeBrand websiteE-commerce websiteInstagram channel...
S
05
STRATEGY
REVENUE STREAMS
How will the product generate revenues?
Examples:
One-time product purchaseUsage feeSubscription to a serviceLending/ renting / leasingLicensingAdvertising...
ARE ABOUT:
Value proposition Market strategy Marketing & BrandingPricing & funding
STRATEGY CARDS
ARE A SUPPORT FOR:
DifferentiationMarket positioningBranding aspectsBusiness models
S
S
02
STRATEGY
PARTNERS
Who could/should become partner of the product system?
Example:
An insurance company could lower the fare of fitness tracker users that complete specific achievements
S
04
STRATEGY
VALUE PROPOSITION
In one statement, explain why your customers should use your product
Example:
This Toolkit (product) helps multidisciplinary teams (customers) who want to design IoT products (jobs to be done) by reducing complexity (reduce/avoid customer pain) and enabling discussion (increase/enable customer gain)
S
06
STRATEGY
PRICING
How much should the product cost?
Examples:Price range of 150-200€Less than 100€...
HOW TO USE THE CARDS?
You can use the cards for different structured activities: download the Activity Guides at mappingtheiot.polimi.it
VERTICAL SIDE
Deepens the topic with additional “what if” questions
HORIZONTAL SIDE
Introduces a topic with a key question and examples
...was in
partn
ersh
ips w
ith o
the
r c
om
pan
ies an
d se
rvice
s?
Wh
o w
ou
ld b
e a g
reat p
artne
r?
Wh
at will yo
u g
et fro
m th
is partn
ersh
ip?
Wh
at can
you
off
er to
you
r partn
er?
Will th
e p
arne
rship
give
life to
a ne
w se
rvice
?
Will th
e p
artne
rship
aug
me
nt an
existin
g o
ne
?
Ho
w w
ill the
partn
ersh
ip c
reate
value
?
Will yo
u g
et in
tou
ch
with
ne
w c
usto
me
rs?
Will yo
u e
nte
r in n
ew
marke
ts?
WH
AT
IF TH
E P
RO
DU
CTS
02
STR
AT
EG
Y
WH
AT
IF YO
U
...foc
use
d o
n th
e valu
e p
rop
ositio
n?
Wh
ich
will b
e th
e 3
main
fun
ctio
ns o
f the
pro
du
ct?
Wh
at use
r pain
po
ints w
ill it solve
?
Wh
at tasks are u
sers tryin
g to
co
mp
lete
?
Ho
w w
ill it imp
rove
the
ir situatio
n?
Wh
at spe
cifi
c b
en
efi
ts will it d
elive
r?
Will th
e b
en
efi
ts be
qu
antifi
able
?
Wh
at will m
ake yo
ur o
ffe
r un
iqu
e an
d d
iffe
ren
t?
Ho
w w
ill it be
be
tter th
an its c
om
pe
titors?
S
04
STR
AT
EG
Y
...had
a diff
ere
nt p
rice
?
Will u
sers b
uy th
e p
rod
uc
t?
Will th
ere
be
servic
e fe
es?
Ho
w m
uc
h w
ill cu
stom
ers b
e w
illing
to p
ay?
Ho
w m
uc
h w
ill the
y exp
ec
t to p
ay for th
is kind
o
f pro
du
ct?
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t be
mo
re e
xpe
nsive
than
its c
om
pe
titors? W
ill it be
ch
eap
er?
Ho
w w
ill pric
e im
pac
t on
the
de
sign
of th
e
pro
du
ct?
Ho
w w
ill pric
e im
pac
t on
CM
F ch
oic
es (c
olo
ur,
mate
rials, fin
ishin
gs)?
Ho
w w
ill pric
e im
pac
t on
the
sele
ctio
n o
f te
ch
nic
al co
mp
on
en
ts?
WH
AT
IF TH
E P
RO
DU
CTS
06
STR
AT
EG
Y
USE IT...as referenceto brainstorm ideasto make your concept betterto make your product smarterwith the Activity Guideswith the Analysis Cardswith your team!
THE DECK CARDS
mappingtheiot.polimi.it
STRATEGY
USER & CONTEXT
DESIGN
INTERACTION
TECHNOLOGY
EXPERIENCE
MEANING
WH
AT
IF YO
U
S
01
STR
AT
EG
Y
... foc
use
d o
n b
rand
ing
?
Wh
at are th
e valu
es an
d b
elie
fs of th
e b
rand
?
Ho
w d
o yo
u w
ant yo
ur c
usto
me
rs to fe
el ab
ou
t th
e p
rod
uc
t/bran
d?
Wh
at kind
of e
mo
tion
s sho
uld
the
pro
du
ct/b
rand
e
voke
?
Wh
at adje
ctive
s wo
uld
you
use
to d
esc
ribe
the
p
rod
uc
t/bran
d?
Wh
at will b
e th
e p
rod
uc
t’s nam
e?
Will it b
e c
on
sisten
t with
the
pro
du
ct’s m
oo
d?
Will it b
e c
on
sisten
t with
the
pro
du
ct’s p
urp
ose
?
Will it stan
d o
ut am
on
g c
om
pe
titors?
Will it b
e e
asy to re
me
mb
er an
d p
ron
ou
nc
e?
Will yo
u d
efi
ne
a style g
uid
e to
cre
ate a c
on
sisten
t im
age
?
WH
AT
IF YO
U
...foc
use
d o
n c
han
ne
ls?
Wh
at mig
ht b
e th
e b
est c
han
ne
ls to se
ll you
r p
rod
uc
t?
Wh
at mig
ht b
e th
e b
est c
han
ne
ls to ad
vertise
it?
Wh
at mig
ht b
e th
e b
est c
han
ne
ls to e
ng
age
with
yo
ur targ
et u
sers?
Wh
at ch
ann
els w
ill you
r targe
t use
rs pre
fer?
Wh
at kind
of c
on
ten
t/me
dia w
ill you
off
er?
Will th
e c
on
ten
t be
diff
ere
nt fo
r eve
ry ch
ann
el?
Ho
w w
ill you
r bran
d/p
rod
uc
t rem
ain c
on
sisten
t?S
03
STR
AT
EG
Y
...foc
use
d o
n re
ven
ue
stream
s?
Wh
at will c
usto
me
rs have
to p
ay for?
Ho
w w
ill the
y pay?
Will u
sers b
uy th
e p
rod
uc
t?
Will u
sers p
ay to u
se it?
Will u
sers o
wn
the
pro
du
ct?
Will u
sers re
nt th
e p
rod
uc
t?
Will u
sers su
bsc
ribe
to a se
rvice
?
Will th
ey p
ay for p
rem
ium
servic
es?
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t have
diff
ere
nt re
ven
ue
stream
s?
Ho
w b
ig w
ill the
diff
ere
nt re
ven
ue
stream
s be
?
WH
AT
IF YO
U
S
05
STR
AT
EG
Y
S
07
STRATEGY
COST STRUCTURE
What will be the most important costs in your business model?
Examples:Hardware manufacturingApp development...
S
09
STRATEGY
CUSTOMER SEGMENTS
Who are your most important customer groups?
Examples:Budget travelersLocals that want to rent out a roomDevelopers that want to use the app data...
S
11
STRATEGY
KEY METRICS
What are the key activities that you should track to measure success?
Examples:N° of new followers on social mediaN° of vocal interactions with the productN° of positive user reviewsN° of purchases made online...
U/C
01
USERS & CONTEXT
STAKEHOLDERS
Which are the stakeholders* of your product/system/service?Create an “Actors map”!
*A Stakeholder is an individual, group or organization who is impacted by the outcome of a project
Example:For a coffee shop: guests, employees, owner, municipality, neighbours ...
S
08
STRATEGY
TARGET MARKET
What is the target market of the product?
Examples:A Business-to-Consumer applicationA Business-to-Business solutionA product for the Chinese market...
S
10
STRATEGY
KEY RESOURCES
What are the most important assets to make your business work?
Examples:Manufacturing plantBrand strenghtA good multidisciplinary teamVenture Capital funding...
ARE ABOUT:
Target users Needs & Behaviors Context of use Scenarios
USER & CONTEXTCARDS
ARE A SUPPORT FOR:
Defining user groups Doing user research Exploring personasExploring scenarios
U/C
U/C
02
USERS & CONTEXT
NICHE VS MASS
Does your product target a specific niche or a less specific group of users?
Examples:People allergic to gluten or lactose intolerantPeople that want to lose weight...
...was p
ositio
ne
d in
a d
iffe
ren
t marke
t?
Wo
uld
the
pro
du
ct b
e m
ore
value
able
?
Wo
uld
the
pro
du
ct b
e m
ore
co
mp
etitive
?
Wo
uld
a diff
ere
nt m
arket h
ave an
imp
act o
n th
e
aesth
etic
s of th
e p
rod
uc
t?
Wo
uld
a diff
ere
nt m
arket h
ave an
imp
act o
n th
e
pro
du
ct’s fu
nc
tion
s?
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t be
a Bu
sine
ss-to-C
on
sum
er
(B2
C) so
lutio
n?
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t be
a Bu
sine
ss-to-B
usin
ess (B
2B
) so
lutio
n?
Will th
e m
arket b
e g
eo
grap
hyc
ally/ cu
lturally
de
fin
ed
? (e.g
. a pro
du
ct fo
r the
Italian m
arket)
WH
AT
IF TH
E P
RO
DU
CTS
08
STR
AT
EG
Y
WH
AT
IF YO
U
... foc
use
d o
n ke
y reso
urc
es?
Wh
at wo
uld
be
you
r key p
hysic
al reso
urc
es? (e
.g.
raw m
aterials, m
ach
ine
ry, tec
hn
olo
gy, b
uild
ing
s...)
Wh
at wo
uld
be
you
r key in
telle
ctu
al reso
urc
es?
(e.g
. b
rand
stre
ng
ht,
co
pyrig
hts
and
p
aten
ts, p
artne
rship
s, kno
wle
dg
e...)
Wh
at wo
uld
be
you
r key h
um
an re
sou
rce
s? (e.g
. e
mp
loye
es, sale
s assistants, d
eve
lop
ers...)
Wh
at wo
uld
be
you
r key fi
nan
cial re
sou
rce
s? (e.g
. availab
le c
apital an
d fu
nd
s...)
S
10
STR
AT
EG
Y
HOW TO USE THE CARDS?
You can use the cards for different structured activities: download the Activity Guides at mappingtheiot.polimi.it
VERTICAL SIDE
Deepens the topic with additional “what if” questions
HORIZONTAL SIDE
Introduces a topic with a key question and examples
...was fo
r a spe
cifi
c u
ser n
ich
e?
Wh
at nic
he
of u
sers c
ou
ld b
e in
tere
sted
in it?
Will th
ey h
ave sp
ec
ific
ne
ed
s?
Will th
ey h
ave m
ore
“ge
ne
ral” ne
ed
s?
Will th
ey n
ee
d m
ore
/less fu
nc
tion
s?
Will th
ey n
ee
d p
rem
ium
featu
res?
Wh
at kind
of p
erfo
rman
ce
will th
ey re
qu
ire?
(e.g
. pro
fessio
nal, b
asic fu
nc
tion
s?)
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t de
sign
be
affe
cte
d?
Will th
e m
aterials’ c
ho
ice
be
affe
cte
d?
Will in
terac
tion
be
affe
cte
d?
Wh
at will b
e th
e m
ain c
om
pe
titor p
rod
uc
ts?
WH
AT
IF TH
E P
RO
DU
CTU/C 0
2
USE
RS &
CO
NT
EX
T
...foc
use
d o
n c
osts?
Wh
ere
will yo
ur m
on
ey g
et sp
en
t?
Wh
ich
key ac
tivities w
ill rep
rese
nt a sig
nifi
can
t e
xpe
nse
? (e.g
. man
ufac
turin
g, d
istribu
tion
)
Wh
ich
key re
sou
rce
s will re
pre
sen
t a sign
ific
ant
exp
en
se? (e
.g. th
e ap
p, th
e so
ftware
...)
Wh
ich
will b
e th
e m
ost e
xpe
nsive
parts to
m
anu
factu
re?
Will yo
u h
ave fi
xed
co
sts? (e.g
. salaries, re
nt)
Will yo
u h
ave variab
le c
osts? (e
.g. d
ep
en
din
g o
n
qu
antitie
s)
WH
AT
IF YO
U
S
07
STR
AT
EG
Y
...foc
use
d o
n c
usto
me
r se
gm
en
tation
?
Will th
ere
be
diff
ere
nt c
usto
me
r gro
up
s?
Will th
ey h
ave d
iffe
ren
t ne
ed
s?
Will th
ey u
se th
e sam
e fu
nc
tion
s and
servic
es?
Will th
ey p
ay for th
e sam
e fe
ature
s?
Will th
ey u
se th
e sam
e c
han
ne
ls? (e.g
. ph
ysical
store
or e
-co
mm
erc
e)
Wh
o w
ill be
the
mo
st pro
fitab
le c
usto
me
r gro
up
?
Will th
ey b
e a n
ich
e m
arket?
WH
AT
IF YO
U
S
09
STR
AT
EG
Y
WH
AT
IF YO
U
...foc
use
d o
n ke
y me
trics?
Wh
ich
me
trics w
ou
ld h
elp
to trac
k the
usag
e o
f yo
ur p
rod
uc
t?
Wh
ich
me
trics w
ou
ld h
elp
to id
en
tify po
ten
tial issu
es?
Wh
ich
me
trics w
ou
ld h
elp
to trac
k use
r e
ng
age
me
nt?
Wh
ich
me
trics w
ou
ld h
elp
to re
ach
you
r strate
gic
ob
jec
tives?
Wh
at key ac
tivities w
ill you
ne
ed
to m
on
itor an
d
qu
antify? (e
.g. n
° of ap
p d
ow
nlo
ads, n
° of ac
tive
use
rs)
Wh
ich
me
trics w
ill be
you
r prio
rity?
S
11
STR
AT
EG
Y
...foc
use
d o
n m
app
ing
th
e stake
ho
lde
rs?
Wh
at will b
e th
e m
ain u
ser g
rou
ps?
Wh
at will b
e th
e re
lation
ship
s be
twe
en
diff
ere
nt
use
r gro
up
s?
Wh
en
will d
iffe
ren
t gro
up
s co
mm
un
icate
with
e
ach
oth
er? W
hy an
d h
ow
?
Wh
o w
ill bu
y the
pro
du
ct?
Wh
o w
ill use
it mo
re?
Will th
ey h
ave d
iffe
ren
t/similar n
ee
ds?
Will th
ey u
se d
iffe
ren
t/similar fu
nc
tion
s?
To w
ho
m w
ill the
pro
du
ct b
e ad
vertise
d?
WH
AT
IF YO
U
U/C 0
1
USE
RS &
CO
NT
EX
T
U/C
03
USERS & CONTEXT
DIRECT AND INDIRECT USERS
Who are the direct and indirect users of the product?
Example:For a smart dog collar, the direct user is the dog, the indirect user is the owner
U/C
05
USERS & CONTEXT
NEEDS
What are the core needs that the product tries to fulfill?Sketch your User Journey*!
*A user journey is the pathway for the user to complete a goal in a given context.
Example:How does the user control the room temperature?
U/C
07
USERS & CONTEXT
CULTURAL DIMENSION
Are there any specific cultural aspects* that your product must take into account?
*Culture defines values, behaviors, orientation, taste ...
Examples:Different countries, regional/ethnical aspects, religious, linguistics, genders, age and generation, education ...
U/C
09
USERS & CONTEXT
EXTREME SCENARIO
What would be an extreme usage scenario?
Examples:Using the product for many consecutive hoursMultiple users interacting with the productNo Internet connection
U/C
04
USERS & CONTEXT
KNOW YOUR USERS
What do your users have in common?Create user Personas*!
*A user persona is a specific, but brief, description
of an individual user.
Example:Amy is a “millennial” living in Milan,loves travelling, she’s planning a trip alone in Japan, backpacking
U/C
06
USERS & CONTEXT
EXPECTATIONS
What features do your users expect from your product?
Examples:They expect it to be waterproofThey expect it not to get stained easilyThey expect the battery to last at least 1 day...
U/C
08
USERS & CONTEXT
IDEAL, TARGET CONTEXT
Where do you expect that the product will be used?
Examples:At homeIn the shower“On the road”...
DESIGN CARDS
ARE ABOUT:
Design principlesDesign detailsFunctions & materials Shape & aestethics
ARE A SUPPORT FOR:
Being inspired Concept generationDefining prioritiesEvaluating alternatives
D
...foc
use
d o
n yo
ur u
sers’
ch
aracte
ristics?
Will th
ey b
e in
the
same
de
mo
grap
hic
gro
up
? (e
.g p
re-sc
ho
ole
rs, tee
nag
ers, 2
5-3
0-ye
ar-old
...)
Will th
ey b
e in
the
same
ge
og
raph
ic are
a? (e.g
. c
ou
ntry, state
, city, n
eig
hb
oh
oo
d)
Will th
ey h
ave a sim
ilar lifestyle
? (e.g
. veg
ans)
Will th
ey h
ave sim
ilar ph
ysical c
harac
teristic
s? (e
.g. b
ein
g talle
r than
1.90
m, w
earin
g g
lasses)
Will th
ey sh
are sim
ilar value
s/be
liefs/in
tere
sts?
Will th
ey sh
are sim
ilar skills/kno
wle
dg
e?
Will th
ey h
ave a c
om
mo
n p
rob
lem
/issue
? (e.g
. b
ike th
eft)
Will th
ey sh
are sim
ilar hab
its/be
havio
rs? (e.g
. g
oin
g to
gym
twic
e a w
ee
k)
WH
AT
IF YO
U
U/C 0
4
USE
RS &
CO
NT
EX
T
...foc
use
d o
n w
hat u
sers e
xpe
ct
from
you
r pro
du
ct?
Wh
at are th
e m
inim
um
/basic
fun
ctio
ns th
at u
sers w
ill exp
ec
t? (e.g
. at least: se
t an alarm
)
Wh
at kind
of p
erfo
rman
ce
will th
ey e
xpe
ct? (e
.g.
a me
dic
al de
vice
sho
uld
be
extre
me
ly pre
cise
)
Wh
at kind
of fe
ature
s will th
ey e
xpe
ct fro
m th
e
ph
ysical p
rod
uc
t? (e.g
. scratc
h re
sistant sc
ree
n)
Wh
at kind
of fe
ature
s will th
ey e
xpe
ct fro
m th
e
softw
are/ap
p p
ersp
ec
tive? (e
.g. b
e c
om
patib
le
with
the
ir smartp
ho
ne
)
Wh
ich
featu
res w
ill have
the
mo
st imp
act?
(assign
prio
rities, d
on
’t “ove
rde
sign
”)
Ho
w c
ou
ld yo
u re
du
ce
you
r ide
a to th
e b
are
min
imu
m? (m
inim
um
viable
pro
du
ct)
WH
AT
IF YO
U
U/C 0
6
USE
RS &
CO
NT
EX
T
...foc
use
d o
n th
e p
rod
uc
t’s id
eal u
se c
on
text?
Wh
ere
will u
sers m
ost d
efi
nite
ly inte
ract w
ith th
e
pro
du
ct?
Wh
ere
will u
sers p
rob
ably in
terac
t with
the
p
rod
uc
t?
Wh
at wo
uld
be
the
mo
st ide
al “use
sce
nario
s” for
the
pro
du
ct? (e
.g. u
ser is re
laxing
on
the
sofa)
Will th
e c
on
text im
pac
t on
the
use
r’s atten
tion
sp
an? (e
.g. w
hile
in a h
urry c
atch
ing
the
train)
Wh
at if the
pro
du
ct w
as use
d in
a diff
ere
nt
co
nte
xt?
Wh
at if it was u
sed
in a p
ub
lic o
r private
co
nte
xt? (e
.g. w
ith o
the
r pe
op
le o
r alon
e)
Wh
at it was u
sed
in a c
on
text w
itho
ut in
tern
et
co
nn
ec
tion
? WH
AT
IF YO
U
U/C 0
8
USE
RS &
CO
NT
EX
T
HOW TO USE THE CARDS?
You can use the cards for different structured activities: download the Activity Guides at mappingtheiot.polimi.it
VERTICAL SIDE
Deepens the topic with additional “what if” questions
HORIZONTAL SIDE
Introduces a topic with a key question and examples
...was ad
dre
ssed
to d
iffe
ren
t d
irec
t and
ind
irec
t use
rs?
Wh
o w
ill use
it mo
re fre
qu
en
tly?
Wh
o w
ill use
it for a lo
ng
er tim
e?
Will th
ey u
se th
e sam
e fu
nc
tion
s?
Wh
o w
ill bu
y it?
Wh
o w
ill we
ar it?
Wh
o w
ill be
mo
nito
red
?
Wh
o w
ill acc
ess/visu
alize d
ata?
Ho
w w
ill the
inte
rface
be
infl
ue
nc
ed
?
Will d
irec
t/ind
irec
t use
rs inte
ract th
rou
gh
the
p
rod
uc
t? (e.g
. a pe
t cam
era th
at lets u
sers p
lay w
ith th
eir c
at wh
en
the
y are n
ot h
om
e)
WH
AT
IF TH
E P
RO
DU
CTU/C 0
3
USE
RS &
CO
NT
EX
T
WH
AT
IF YO
U
U/C 0
5
USE
RS &
CO
NT
EX
T
...foc
use
d o
n yo
ur u
sers’ n
ee
ds?
Wh
at kind
of task w
ill use
rs wan
t to c
om
ple
te?
Wh
at kind
of o
bje
ctive
/ou
tco
me
/go
al will u
sers
wan
t to re
ach
? (e.g
. pe
ace
of m
ind
of kn
ow
ing
th
at you
r bab
y isn’t c
rying
)
Wh
at will b
e th
e m
ost re
levan
t “pain
po
ints” w
ith
the
cu
rren
t situatio
n?
Wh
at will b
e yo
ur u
ser jou
rney?
Wh
ich
will b
e th
e m
ost re
levan
t mo
me
nts in
the
jo
urn
ey?
Ho
w w
ill you
fin
d o
ut yo
ur u
sers’ n
ee
ds?
(e.g
. use
r inte
rview
s, dig
ital eth
no
grap
hy)
Wh
ich
kind
of e
xisting
data w
ill you
fin
d? (e
.g.
existin
g re
po
rts)
Will yo
u d
irec
tly inte
rview
and
ob
serve
use
rs?
Ho
w w
ill you
test yo
ur assu
mp
tion
s?
...was in
flu
en
ce
d b
y spe
cifi
c
cu
ltural asp
ec
ts?
Wh
at pe
er g
rou
p w
ill you
r use
r/pe
rson
a be
lon
g
to? (e
.g. so
cc
er fan
s in Italy)
Will c
ultu
re in
flu
en
ce
the
way p
eo
ple
inte
ract
with
the
pro
du
ct? (e
.g. d
iffe
ren
t rituals)
Will c
ultu
re in
flu
en
ce
the
visual d
esig
n o
f the
p
rod
uc
t? (e.g
. co
lor, m
aterials, sym
bo
lism)
Will c
ultu
re in
flu
en
ce
the
way d
ata are d
isplaye
d?
(e.g
. pu
blic
disp
lay VS p
rivate d
isplay)
Wh
at be
havio
r co
uld
make
the
pro
du
ct fe
el
inap
pro
priate
/ackw
ard/ru
de
? Ho
w c
an it b
e
avoid
ed
?
WH
AT
IF TH
E P
RO
DU
CTU/C 0
7
USE
RS &
CO
NT
EX
T
...was u
sed
in an
e
xtrem
e sc
en
ario?
Wh
at wo
uld
be
the
wo
rst usag
e sc
en
ario fo
r the
p
rod
uc
t?
Ho
w like
ly will th
is sce
nario
oc
cu
r?
Wh
at co
uld
you
do
to m
itigate
/avoid
a it?
Co
uld
the
pro
du
ct b
e d
amag
ed
? (e.g
. by rain
)
Co
uld
the
pro
du
ct b
e d
ang
ero
us if m
isuse
d?
Wh
at is the
wo
rst mistake
that u
sers c
ou
ld d
o?
Will u
sers n
ee
d to
be
info
rme
d ab
ou
t it?
WH
AT
IF TH
E P
RO
DU
CTU/C 0
9
USE
RS &
CO
NT
EX
T
D
01
DESIGN
STANDALONE VS PARASITE
Is the product standalone or a parasite*?
*A parasite (add-on) is an element to be applied on existing products
Example:A smart bottle is a standalone product; A smart tap that can be applied on every bottle is an add-on “parasite”
D
03
DESIGN
TRADITIONAL OR UNUSUAL SHAPE
In relation to the function of the product, is its shape traditional/expected?
Or is it unusual/unexpected?
Examples:A smart cup that looks like a cup is expectedA connected camera shaped like an animal is unexpected
D
05
DESIGN
COLLECT DATA
Does the product have sensors?
Does the product collect data?
Example:A lamp that uses weather data and an embedded light sensor to create light scenarios
D
07
DESIGN
STYLE AND PERSONALITY
Does the product have a clear style and personality?
Create a Moodboard*!
*A moodboard is a visual collage of images, text, materials. It can be used for inspiration, for presentation, and as a design tool to share ideas with your team
D
02
DESIGN
WEARABLE
Can the product be worn?
Examples:Bands, smart clothes, brooches, necklaces ...
D
04
DESIGN
SHAPE AFFORDANCE
Does the product shape suggest its function?
Examples:The product is a simple button without any label, users know that they will have to push it but it is not clear what it will switch on.
D
06
DESIGN
USE & EMBODY DATA
Which data will the product use?
Will the product be the physicalization of digital content?
Examples:A physical Facebook “Like counter” uses Facebook APIs to display the number of Likes that a specific page has.
D
08
DESIGN
MATERIAL EXPERIENCE
What materials will the product be made of?
What impact will the materials choice have on the user experience?
Example:For this product, white glossy plastic will be perceived as cheap. Fingerprint-resistant finishing is seen as premium
...co
uld
be
wo
rn?
Co
uld
it cau
se d
isco
mfo
rt?
Will it b
e m
ade
of a b
io-c
om
patib
le/c
om
fortab
le
mate
rial?
Will it n
ee
d to
be
wo
rn fo
r a lon
g tim
e?
Will it b
e h
idd
en
or visib
le w
he
n in
use
?
Will it b
e stylish
to w
ear?
Will it allo
w p
erso
nalizatio
n?
Will it g
et d
irty/wo
rn o
ut?
Will it b
e e
asily lost/sto
len
?
Will it g
athe
r data?
Will th
e b
attery last fo
r the
inte
nd
ed
use
time
?
WH
AT
IF TH
E P
RO
DU
CTD
02
DE
SIGN
...had
a stron
g sh
ape
affo
rdan
ce
?
Ho
w im
po
rtant w
ill shap
e aff
ord
anc
e b
e fo
r this
pro
du
ct?
Will it b
e e
asy to u
nd
erstan
d w
hat th
e p
rod
uc
t is?
Will it b
e e
asy to u
nd
erstan
d w
hat it d
oe
s?
Will it b
e e
asy to u
nd
erstan
d h
ow
to u
se it?
Eve
n b
y pe
op
le w
ith d
iffe
ren
t ph
ysical ab
ilities?
Eve
n b
y pe
op
le th
at spe
ak a diff
ere
nt lan
gu
age
?
Eve
n b
y pe
op
le th
at share
a diff
ere
nt c
ultu
re?
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t use
co
lors w
ith a m
ean
ing
? (e
.g. re
d =
bad
, gre
en
=g
oo
d)
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t use
exp
lanato
ry ico
ns?
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t use
exp
lanato
ry text?
WH
AT
IF TH
E P
RO
DU
CTD
04
DE
SIGN
...foc
use
d o
n h
ow
the
p
rod
uc
t use
s data?
Wh
at kind
of d
ata will b
e u
sed
? (e.g
. from
se
nso
rs, from
third
party A
PIs ...)
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t use
data to
imp
rove
in tim
e?
Will d
ata be
visualize
d? H
ow
?
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t reac
t to d
ata?
Ho
w? (e
.g. b
y ch
ang
ing
co
lou
r, shap
e ...)
Will a d
igital c
on
ten
t/servic
e b
e m
ade
tang
ible
? (e
.g. p
ress a tan
gib
le b
utto
n to
ord
er so
me
thin
g
on
line
)
Will th
is ph
ysicalizatio
n c
reate
a ne
w se
rvice
?
WH
AT
IF YO
U
D
06
DE
SIGN
WH
AT
IF YO
U
D
08
DE
SIGN
... foc
use
d o
n th
e m
aterial
exp
erie
nc
e?
Wh
ich
adje
ctive
s/em
otio
ns sh
ou
ld th
e p
rod
uc
t e
licit? (e
.g. p
rem
ium
fee
ling
)
Wh
ich
ph
ysical p
rop
ertie
s sho
uld
the
pro
du
ct
have
? (e.g
. wate
r resistan
t)
Wh
ich
mate
rials and
fin
ishin
gs w
ou
ld b
ette
r e
xpre
ss the
se re
qu
irem
en
ts?
Will m
aterials in
flu
en
ce
the
inte
ractio
n w
ith th
e
pro
du
ct? (e
.g. a g
lass pro
du
ct m
ust b
e h
and
led
w
ith c
are)
Ho
w w
ill the
pro
du
ct su
rface
fee
l? (e.g
. rou
gh
/ sm
oo
th, w
arm/c
old
, soft/h
ard, fl
exib
le/rig
id ...)
Visu
ally, ho
w w
ill the
mate
rial be
? (e.g
. glo
ss/m
atte, o
paq
ue
/transp
aren
t ...)
...was an
add
-on
?
Will it b
e ap
plie
d o
n an
existin
g e
xpe
nsive
p
rod
uc
t?
Will it au
gm
en
t the
fun
ctio
ns o
f the
existin
g
pro
du
ct?
Will it o
ffe
r ne
w fu
nc
tion
s or se
rvice
s?
Will it c
han
ge
the
use
r exp
erie
nc
e?
Will it ap
pe
al mo
re u
sers?
Will it b
e u
sed
in d
iffe
ren
t co
nte
xts?
Will it h
ave a d
iffe
ren
t aeste
thic
s?
Will it b
e h
idd
en
or visib
le/h
igh
ligh
ted
?
Will it b
e m
ade
of d
iffe
ren
t mate
rials?
Will it h
elp
in savin
g re
sou
rce
s?
WH
AT
IF TH
E P
RO
DU
CTD
01
DE
SIGN
...had
a traditio
nal o
r u
ne
xpe
cte
d sh
ape
?
Wh
at shap
e d
o th
ese
pro
du
cts u
sually h
ave?
Wh
at mate
rials do
the
se p
rod
uc
ts usu
ally use
?
Wh
at will th
e p
rod
uc
t rese
mb
le?
Will it b
e e
vide
nt th
at the
pro
du
ct is sm
art?
Will sh
ape
and
fun
ctio
n b
e c
orre
lated
?
Wh
at will u
sers e
xpe
ct b
y loo
king
at the
p
rod
uc
t?
Will u
sers n
ee
d to
learn
ho
w to
use
it?
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t be
inte
ractive
?
Will it n
ee
d to
disp
lay info
rmatio
n?
WH
AT
IF TH
E P
RO
DU
CTD
03
DE
SIGN
WH
AT
IF TH
E P
RO
DU
CTD
05
DE
SIGN
...co
llec
ted
data?
Wh
at kind
of d
ata?
Ho
w w
ill data b
e c
olle
cte
d? (e
.g. se
nso
rs, usag
e
data, d
ata ge
ne
rated
by u
sers)
Ho
w w
ill data b
e u
sed
?
Wh
y will th
is data b
e re
levan
t?
Wh
o w
ill be
ne
fit fro
m th
is data?
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t reac
t/be
have
acc
ord
ing
to th
e
co
llec
ted
data?
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t “learn
” from
the
co
llec
ted
data?
Ho
w w
ill data b
e visu
alized
?
Wh
o w
ill/co
uld
see
the
data? W
he
n?
Ho
w w
ill the
pro
du
ct sh
ape
affe
ct d
ata gath
erin
g?
Will u
sers kn
ow
that th
e p
rod
uc
t is co
llec
ting
d
ata? Will th
ey kn
ow
ho
w d
ata is use
d?
...mad
e a m
oo
db
oard
o
f you
r pro
du
ct?
If you
had
to c
ho
ose
3 w
ord
s/adje
ctive
s that th
e
pro
du
ct sh
ou
ld c
om
mu
nic
ate, w
hic
h w
ou
ld yo
u
ch
oo
se? (e
.g. p
layful, h
ygie
nic
, soft, p
rem
ium
...)
Wh
at mo
od
sho
uld
the
pro
du
ct e
licit?
Wh
ich
imag
es c
ou
ld yo
u se
lec
t to d
esc
ribe
th
is “mo
od
” and
value
s? (e.g
imag
es o
f existin
g
pro
du
cts)
Wh
ich
shap
es w
ou
ld b
ette
r exp
ress th
ese
c
on
ce
pts?
Wh
ich
mate
rials wo
uld
be
tter e
voke
the
m?
Wh
ich
textu
res an
d fi
nish
ing
s?
Wh
ich
co
lou
r pale
tte?
WH
AT
IF YO
U
D
07
DE
SIGN
D
09
DESIGN
PRODUCT PRESENCE
What presence will the product have in the environment?
Examples:It will be mainly on displayIt will usually be hidden in a cabinetIt will have a fixed position in the houseIt will be moved around frequently
D
11
DESIGN
UPDATES AND OBSOLESCENCE
Will the product be updated/upgraded?
What will be its life expectancy?
Examples:
A software update may offer a new function
If a specific service is not supported anymore, the product may stop working
D
13
DESIGN
DESIGN FOR ALL
Is the product designed with an inclusive approach, with accessibility in mind?
Examples:Color-contrast to assist those with visual problemsA barrier free ramp for wheelchairs
INTERACTIONCARDS
I
ARE ABOUT:
Physical + digitalInputs & outputsTouchpointsBehaviors
ARE A SUPPORT FOR:
Defining touchpointsInteraction flowFinding usability issuesInterface strategy
D
10
DESIGN
PRODUCT AS A SERVICE
How central to the service is the physical device?
Examples:
For a smart thermostat, the device is the center of the experience for the user.
When a user buys a smart alarm system, the service itself may be more important than the devices
D
12
DESIGN
PERSONALIZATION
What could users personalize?
Examples: Personalize settings, visualizationsPersonalize product behaviorsCustomize the aestethic and dimensions
D
14
DESIGN
MODULARITY
Is the product modular?
Does it exploit modularity?
Examples:A smart sock may need to provide different sizesA smart watch may have different accessories
I
01
INTERACTION
MACHINE TO MACHINE
Is interaction mainly Machine to Machine?
Example:Objects interacting with other objects automatically, without the need of human intervention.
... off
ere
d a se
rvice
?
Wh
at will b
e th
e ro
le o
f the
pro
du
ct in
the
se
rvice
? (e.g
. ce
ntral ro
le)
Will th
ere
be
oth
er to
uc
hp
oin
ts to ac
ce
ss th
e se
rvice
? (e.g
. an ap
p, a d
ashb
oard
, oth
er
pro
du
cts)
Co
mp
ared
to o
the
r tou
ch
po
ints, w
hic
h d
iffe
ren
t fu
nc
tion
s will th
e p
rod
uc
t off
er?
Co
uld
the
pro
du
ct b
e c
om
ple
tely re
plac
ed
by an
ap
p? W
hy?
Will u
sers n
ee
d to
bu
y the
pro
du
ct?
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t follo
w a sh
aring
, pay-p
er-u
se o
r le
asing
app
roac
h?
WH
AT
IF TH
E P
RO
DU
CTD
10
DE
SIGN
...co
uld
be
pe
rson
alized
?
Will it b
e p
erso
nalize
d b
efo
re th
e p
urc
hase
?
Will p
erso
nalizatio
n b
e p
hysic
al? (e.g
. diff
ere
nt
ban
ds fo
r a smartw
atch
)
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t’s be
havio
r be
pe
rson
alized
?
Will th
e in
terfac
e b
e p
erso
nalize
d?
Will it o
ffe
r pe
rson
alized
data visu
alization
s?
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t auto
matic
ally rec
og
nize
use
rs an
d th
eir p
refe
ren
ce
s?
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t be
have
diff
ere
ntly b
ased
on
the
c
on
text?
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t off
er p
erso
nalize
d su
gg
estio
ns/
co
nte
nt to
the
use
rs?
WH
AT
IF TH
E P
RO
DU
CTD
12
DE
SIGN
...was m
od
ular?
Will m
od
ularity b
e e
mp
loye
d fo
r aeste
thic
re
ason
s? (e.g
. diff
ere
nt p
rod
uc
t “skins”)
Will m
od
ularity b
e e
mp
loye
d to
add
/ch
ang
e
fun
ctio
nalitie
s? (e.g
. diff
ere
nt p
rod
uc
t “he
ads”
pro
vide
diff
ere
nt se
nso
rs)
Will m
od
ularity b
e e
mp
loye
d to
simp
lify the
m
anu
factu
ring
pro
ce
ss? (e.g
. less c
om
po
ne
nts)
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t be
part o
f a line
/family?
Will th
ere
be
mo
du
larity amo
ng
the
pro
du
ct lin
e?
Will th
ere
be
diff
ere
nt ac
ce
ssorie
s? (eg
. diff
ere
nt
ban
ds fo
r a smartw
atch
)
Will th
ere
be
mo
du
larity amo
ng
diff
ere
nt size
s?
WH
AT
IF TH
E P
RO
DU
CTD
14
DE
SIGN
...way o
f inte
ractio
n w
as main
ly M
ach
ine
to M
ach
ine
?
Wh
ich
ob
jec
ts will b
e c
on
ne
cte
d?
Will th
e o
bje
cts c
om
mu
nic
ate au
tom
atically?
Will th
e syste
m re
qu
ire h
um
an in
terve
ntio
n?
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t serve
for m
on
itorin
g p
urp
ose
s? (e
.g. re
mo
te m
on
itorin
g, sm
art me
ters)
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t serve
for au
tom
ation
pu
rpo
ses?
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t co
ntro
l oth
er o
bje
cts?
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t pro
du
ce
data u
sed
by o
the
r o
bje
cts?
Will c
om
mu
nic
ation
be
on
e-w
ay or b
ack an
d
forth
?
WH
AT
IF TH
E P
RO
DU
CTI
01
INT
ER
AC
TIO
N
...foc
use
d o
n th
e p
rod
uc
t p
rese
nc
e in
the
en
viron
me
nt?
Ho
w im
po
rtant w
ill aeste
thic
s be
for th
e p
rod
uc
t?
Will th
is imp
act th
e p
rod
uc
t shap
e?
Will th
is imp
act th
e p
rod
uc
t CM
F? (co
lou
rs, m
aterials, fi
nish
ing
s)
Will
the
p
rod
uc
t h
ave
a fi
xed
p
ositio
n
in
the
e
nviro
nm
en
t? (e.g
. yes, b
ec
ause
it req
uire
s wirin
g)
Will it u
sually b
e visib
le/ o
n d
isplay?
Will it u
sually b
e h
idd
en
/ store
d aw
ay?
Will it u
sually b
e m
ove
d aro
un
d?
Ho
w w
ill it be
ch
arge
d?
WH
AT
IF YO
U
D
09
DE
SIGN
... foc
use
d o
n th
e p
rod
uc
t’s u
pg
rade
s and
life c
ycle
?
Wh
ich
fun
ctio
ns c
ou
ld b
e ad
de
d in
the
futu
re
than
ks to so
ftware
ove
r-the
-air up
date
s?
Will th
ese
fun
ctio
ns n
ee
d ad
ditio
nal h
ardw
are
co
mp
on
en
ts?
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t be
ph
ysycally u
pg
rade
d/ n
ee
d
rep
lace
me
nts?
Wh
at co
uld
exte
nd
/sho
rten
its life c
ycle
?
Wh
at likely c
ou
ld c
ause
the
pro
du
ct e
nd
-of-life
?
For h
ow
lon
g th
e p
rod
uc
t/servic
e w
ill be
su
pp
orte
d? (e
.g. w
ith u
pd
ates)
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t be
ob
sole
te e
ven
if pe
rfec
tly fu
nc
tion
ing
? WH
AT
IF YO
U
D
11
DE
SIGN
...was “d
esig
ne
d fo
r all”?
Will it b
e d
esig
ne
d fo
r inc
lusio
n?
Will it b
e e
qu
ally usab
le b
y pe
op
le w
ith d
iffe
ren
t n
ee
ds/ab
ilities? (e
.g. p
hysic
al imp
airme
nts, ag
e)
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t allow
fle
xibility? (e
.g. c
usto
mize
se
tting
s, left/rig
ht h
and
use
...)
Will it b
e sim
ple
and
intu
itive to
use
? (e.g
. red
uc
e
co
mp
lexity, p
rovid
e fe
ed
bac
k)
Will it c
on
side
r pe
op
le w
ith d
iffe
ren
t ph
ysiqu
e/
me
asure
s?
Will th
e m
ost im
po
rtant in
form
ation
be
easily
pe
rce
ptib
le? (e
.g. le
gib
ility)
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t tole
rate an
d m
inim
ize p
ossib
le
mistake
s?
WH
AT
IF TH
E P
RO
DU
CTD
13
DE
SIGN
HOW TO USE THE CARDS?
You can use the cards for different structured activities: download the Activity Guides at mappingtheiot.polimi.it
VERTICAL SIDE
Deepens the topic with additional “what if” questions
HORIZONTAL SIDE
Introduces a topic with a key question and examples
I
02
INTERACTION
HUMAN TO MACHINE
Is interaction mainly Human to Machine?
Example:A smart door lock. The main focus is designing the interaction and interface between the product (Machine) and the user (Human)
I
04
INTERACTION
INTERACTION JOURNEY
How will users interact with the product?
What will be the most important touchpoints?
Let’s describe the User Journey!
Example:The user puts a plate in the smart oven; suggestions are displayed; an option is selected; oven starts; user receives a notification then dinner is ready
I
06
INTERACTION
INTERFACES
How many interfaces will the user interact with? Which kind of interfaces?
Examples:User can directly interact with the product; User will interact through an external interface, like a smartphone screen, a dashboard, a website
CONSISTENT AND SEAMLESS
Is interaction consistent among all the elements of the product system?
Example:
Interacting with the tangible product and with the app is similar. It offers the same functions, with the same icons, look-and-feel. Data are synchronized.
I
08
INTERACTION
I
03
INTERACTION
HUMAN TO HUMAN
Is interaction mainly Human to Human?
Examples:A smart video intercomThe products connects people togetherUsers interact with other people by using the product
I
05
INTERACTION
FREQUENCY & DURATION
With what frequency is the product supposed to be interacted with? For how long?
Examples:Should be worn everyday, all dayShould be used in the morning to check sleep dataShould be accessed only when the user is notified
I
07
INTERACTION
APP
Does the product have one or more apps?
What is the role of the app?
Examples:It has one app, which is the main way to control the device functions and behavior;The app is mainly used to visualize data
I
09
INTERACTION
NOTIFICATIONS
Will users need to be notified by the product? About what?
How will notifications be?
Examples:When the battery is low a red LED will light upEvery morning, app notification with your sleep dataVibration when you receive a phone call
...main
ly sup
po
rted
H
um
an to
Hu
man
inte
ractio
n?
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t co
nn
ec
t pe
op
le to
ge
the
r?
Will p
eo
ple
inte
ract w
ith e
ach
oth
er b
y usin
g th
e
pro
du
ct?
Ho
w m
any p
eo
ple
will in
terac
t?
Wh
y will th
ey in
terac
t?
Ho
w w
ill the
y inte
ract? (e
.g. vo
ice
, mo
tion
...)
Will th
ey in
terac
t dire
ctly?
Will th
ey in
terac
t in re
al time
?
Will p
eo
ple
be
ge
og
raph
ically c
lose
or far aw
ay?
Will th
ey kn
ow
eac
h o
the
r?
WH
AT
IF TH
E P
RO
DU
CTI
03
INT
ER
AC
TIO
N
...foc
use
d o
n th
e le
ng
ht an
d
du
ration
of u
ser in
terac
tion
?
On
averag
e, h
ow
freq
ue
ntly w
ill the
pro
du
ct b
e
use
d?
On
averag
e, fo
r ho
w lo
ng
will in
terac
tion
last?
Will d
iffe
ren
t fun
ctio
ns/tasks re
qu
ire d
iffe
ren
t tim
e le
ng
ht/fre
qu
en
cy?
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t ne
ed
to b
e c
on
stantly sw
itch
ed
o
n? (e
.g. fo
r mo
nito
ring
pu
rpo
ses)
Wh
en
will th
e p
rod
uc
t req
uire
use
r atten
tion
?
WH
AT
IF YO
U
I
05
INT
ER
AC
TIO
N
I
07
INT
ER
AC
TIO
N
WH
AT
IF TH
E P
RO
DU
CT
...had
at least an
app
?
Ho
w im
po
rtant is th
e ap
p fo
r the
use
r? (e.g
. it is th
e o
nly w
ay to in
terac
t with
the
pro
du
ct)
Prio
ritize: w
hic
h fe
ature
s will u
sers ap
pre
ciate
m
ore
?
Wh
en
will th
e ap
p b
e u
sed
?
Wh
ich
fun
ctio
ns w
ill be
on
ly acc
essib
le th
rou
gh
th
e ap
p?
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t be
use
d e
ven
with
ou
t the
app
?
Will e
ach
use
r ne
ed
to in
stall the
app
?
... sen
t no
tific
ation
s?
Wh
ich
no
tific
ation
s will b
e re
levan
t for th
e u
ser?
Wh
en
will b
e th
e rig
ht tim
e to
no
tify?
Wh
at will b
e th
e m
essag
e o
f the
no
tific
ation
?
Ho
w w
ill use
rs be
no
tifie
d? (e
.g. ap
p, so
un
d ...)
Will n
otifi
catio
n b
e p
rivate o
r pu
blic
/on
disp
lay?
Will th
e m
ean
ing
of th
e n
otifi
catio
n b
e
un
de
rstoo
d b
y anyo
ne
?
Wh
at will h
app
en
if no
tific
ation
s we
re m
issed
?
WH
AT
IF TH
E P
RO
DU
CTI
09
INT
ER
AC
TIO
N
...way o
f inte
ractio
n w
as m
ainly H
um
an to
Mac
hin
e?
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t always in
terac
t with
the
same
u
ser?
Will u
sers alw
ays inte
ract w
ith th
e sam
e
pro
du
ct?
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t be
use
d b
y mo
re u
sers at th
e
same
time
?
Will it b
e p
erso
nal o
r share
d?
Will u
sers tan
gib
ly inte
ract w
ith th
e p
rod
uc
t?
Will u
sers re
mo
tely in
terac
t with
the
pro
du
ct?
WH
AT
IF TH
E P
RO
DU
CTI
02
INT
ER
AC
TIO
N
WH
AT
IF YO
U
I
04
INT
ER
AC
TIO
N
...foc
use
d o
n th
e u
ser’s jo
urn
ey
inte
ractin
g w
ith th
e p
rod
uc
t?
Wh
at will b
e th
e m
ost re
levan
t mo
me
nts?
Wh
at will b
e th
e se
qu
en
ce
of ac
tion
s req
uire
d
to c
om
ple
te a sp
ec
ific
task? A Sto
rybo
ard m
ay h
elp
!
Co
uld
this se
qu
en
ce
be
ch
ang
ed
or in
terru
pte
d?
Wh
at actio
ns an
d g
estu
res w
ill use
rs pe
rform
?
Will tan
gib
le in
terac
tion
be
ne
ed
ed
? (e.g
pre
ss b
utto
ns, ro
tate d
ials ...)
Will d
igital in
terac
tion
be
ne
ed
ed
? (e.g
. app
use
)
Will to
uc
hle
ss inte
ractio
n b
e n
ee
de
d? (e
.g. vo
ice
in
terac
tion
, ge
sture
rec
og
nitio
n)
Wh
at kind
of fe
ed
bac
k will th
e p
rod
uc
t pro
vide
?
...had
mo
re in
terfac
es?
Wh
at will b
e th
e m
ain fu
nc
tion
s of e
ach
UI?
Wh
at will b
e th
e m
ain d
ata to b
e visu
alized
/in
terac
ted
with
?
Ho
w sh
ou
ld u
sers in
terac
t with
it? Let’s re
pre
sen
t it in
a Flow
Diag
ram!
Will in
terfac
es b
e tan
gib
le o
r dig
ital?
Will in
terfac
es b
e in
tern
al or e
xtern
al?
Co
uld
inte
rface
s be
pe
rson
alized
?
WH
AT
IF TH
E P
RO
DU
CTI
06
INT
ER
AC
TIO
N
...de
sign
and
inte
ractio
n w
as c
on
sisten
t acro
ss diff
ere
nt
ele
me
nts?
Will th
e fu
nc
tion
s be
acc
esse
d in
a similar w
ay?
Wh
en
will d
ata be
sync
hro
nize
d?
Will u
sers re
ce
ive fe
ed
bac
k abo
ut d
ata syn
ch
ron
ization
? (e.g
. “last ch
ec
ked
25
min
. ago
)
Will th
e visu
al mo
od
and
pale
tte b
e c
on
sisten
t?
Will th
e sam
e w
ord
s be
use
d? (e
.g. “sle
ep
mo
de
”)
Will sym
bo
ls and
ico
ns b
e c
on
sisten
t?
WH
AT
IF TH
E P
RO
DU
CTI
08
INT
ER
AC
TIO
N
I
10
INTERACTION
ONBOARDING INTERACTION
For first-time-users, how will be the first interaction with the product?
What activities needs to be done?
A storyboard may help!
Example:Downloading the app, creating an account, pairing with the smartphone, personalize settings, following an app tutorial ...
I
12
INTERACTION
NO SMARTPHONE... AND NOW?
Which functions can still be accessed without using a smartphone/app?
Example:Users can still open the smart door lock with fingerprint recognition or with a tangible key
TECHNOLOGY CARDSARE ABOUT:
ComponentsConnectionOpportunities & issues
ARE A SUPPORT FOR:
Exploring requirementsDefining componentsDefining the systemFinding possible issues
T
T
02
TECHNOLOGY
COMPONENTS: ENERGY SOURCE
How will the product be powered?
Examples:Battery, plugged to an electric socket ...
I
11
INTERACTION
TESTING USER INTERACTION
What are the most critical interaction touchpoints that need to be tested?
How could you test them?
Example:Test if the users manage to complete a relevant task by using an interactive mockup
I
13
INTERACTION
NO INTERNET...AND NOW?
Wich functions can still be accessed when there there is no internet connection?
Example:Users can still open the smart door lock with a key
T
01
TECHNOLOGY
COMPONENTS: SENSORS
Does the product have sensors?
Does it use external sensors?
Example:The product may have a GPS module, or may use the smartphone’s GPS
T
03
TECHNOLOGY
CONNECTIVITY
How is the product connected?
What is the connectivity range?
Examples:Long range, Wi-FiShort range, BluetoothVery short range, RFID, NFC
WH
AT
IF YO
U
...foc
use
d o
n u
ser te
sting
?
Wh
ich
key fe
ature
s will yo
u n
ee
d to
test?
Prio
ritize b
y “use
r-pain
” leve
l: wh
ich
will b
e th
e
mo
st rele
vant tasks to
test?
Ho
w c
ou
ld yo
u sim
ulate
it? (e.g
. “wizard
of
oz” u
ser te
sting
, vide
o sc
en
ario, in
terac
tive
pro
totyp
e, p
rod
uc
t mo
cku
ps)
Ho
w m
any u
sers w
ill you
req
uire
for th
e te
st?
Co
uld
you
do
A/B
testin
g?
Wh
at will b
e th
e c
ore
insig
hts th
at you
wan
t to
gath
er fro
m u
ser te
sts?
I
11
INT
ER
AC
TIO
N
WH
AT
IF TH
E P
RO
DU
CTI
13
INT
ER
AC
TIO
N
...was w
itho
ut in
tern
et
co
nn
ec
tion
?
Wh
ich
co
re fu
nc
tion
s will b
e ac
ce
ssible
?
Will u
sers b
e n
otifi
ed
that th
e c
on
ne
ctio
n is lo
st?
Wh
at is the
wo
rst that c
ou
ld h
app
en
?
Co
uld
use
rs lose
imp
ortan
t data?
Will u
sers re
qu
ire assistan
ce
?
Wh
at co
uld
hap
pe
n if th
e c
on
ne
ctio
n w
as u
nre
liable
? (e.g
. inte
rmitte
nt c
on
ne
ctio
n, h
igh
late
nc
y)
...use
d se
nso
rs?
Wh
y will th
e p
rod
uc
t ne
ed
sen
sors?
Wh
at will it n
ee
d to
ach
ieve
? (e.g
. to sw
itch
the
lig
ht o
n w
he
n th
e u
ser is n
ear; to
gath
er air q
uality
data)
With
wh
ich
sen
sors c
ou
ld th
is resu
lt be
ach
eive
d?
Ho
w o
ften
will se
nso
rs co
llec
t data? (e
.g. o
nc
e
eve
ry ho
ur)
Will se
nsin
g b
e c
on
tinu
ou
s? For h
ow
lon
g?
Wh
en
will se
nso
r data b
e n
ee
de
d? W
hy?
Wh
at will b
e th
e re
qu
ired
acc
urac
y leve
l? (e.g
. a m
ed
ical d
evic
e m
ay ne
ed
hig
h ac
cu
racy, ve
ry c
lose
to th
e m
isure
d p
he
no
me
no
n)
Wh
at will th
e se
nso
r rang
e b
e?
WH
AT
IF TH
E P
RO
DU
CTT
01
TE
CH
NO
LOG
Y
...foc
use
d o
n c
on
ne
ctivity?
Ho
w w
ill the
pro
du
ct b
e c
on
ne
cte
d? (e
.g. d
irec
t c
on
ne
ctio
n to
the
clo
ud
; co
nn
ec
tion
thro
ug
h a
gate
way)
Ho
w w
ill this c
ho
ice
imp
act o
n in
terac
tion
? (e.g
. th
e p
rod
uc
t will n
ee
d to
be
co
nn
ec
ted
to a h
ub
)
Will it h
ave an
imp
act o
n th
e p
rod
uc
t’s fun
ctio
ns?
Ho
w o
ften
will th
e p
rod
uc
t ne
ed
to e
xch
ang
e
data?
Will it re
qu
ire c
on
stant c
lou
d ac
ce
ss?
Will th
is ch
oic
e im
pac
t the
batte
ry life?
Will it aff
ec
t the
pro
du
ct sh
ape
and
dim
en
sion
s?
Will it aff
ec
t pric
e?
WH
AT
IF YO
U
T
03
TE
CH
NO
LOG
Y
...foc
use
d o
n th
e p
rod
uc
t’s o
nb
oard
ing
inte
ractio
n?
Will u
sers n
ee
d e
xtern
al assistanc
e o
r servic
es?
(e.g
. paid
installatio
n, e
lec
tric w
iring
)
Will u
sers n
ee
d sp
ec
ific
skills or kn
ow
led
ge
?
Ho
w w
ill pairin
g o
cc
ur?
Will u
sers n
ee
d to
pe
rson
alize se
tting
s?
Will u
sers n
ee
d a tu
torial?
Wh
en
will u
sers se
e th
e re
al pro
du
ct valu
e?
WH
AT
IF YO
U
I
10
INT
ER
AC
TIO
N
...co
uld
be
use
d w
itho
ut a
smartp
ho
ne
/app
?
Will it b
e a re
levan
t featu
re?
Ho
w c
ruc
ial will th
e sm
artph
on
e/ap
p b
e fo
r the
p
rod
uc
t?
Wh
ich
co
re fu
nc
tion
s will b
e ac
ce
ssible
?
Wh
ich
rele
vant fu
nc
tion
s will u
sers still e
xpe
ct to
ac
ce
ss?
Wh
ich
rele
vant n
otifi
catio
ns w
ill still ne
ed
to
reac
h th
e u
ser?
WH
AT
IF TH
E P
RO
DU
CTI
12
INT
ER
AC
TIO
N
HOW TO USE THE CARDS?
You can use the cards for different structured activities: download the Activity Guides at mappingtheiot.polimi.it
VERTICAL SIDE
Deepens the topic with additional “what if” questions
HORIZONTAL SIDE
Introduces a topic with a key question and examples
...foc
use
d o
n th
e p
rod
uc
t’s e
ne
rgy so
urc
e?
Ho
w lo
ng
will th
e b
attery b
e e
xpe
cte
d to
last? (e
.g. u
sers e
xpe
ct at le
ast a we
ek)
Ho
w o
ften
will it n
ee
d to
be
ch
ang
ed
/rec
harg
ed
?
Ho
w w
ill batte
ry be
ch
ang
ed
/ch
arge
d? (e
.g. w
ith
a ne
w stan
dard
bu
tton
ce
ll; with
an U
SB c
able
)
Ho
w b
ig w
ill the
batte
ry be
?
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t ne
ed
to b
e p
lug
ge
d?
Will it b
e p
ossib
le to
save e
ne
rgy?
Will it b
e p
ossib
le to
harve
st en
erg
y?
Will b
attery life
be
disp
layed
on
the
pro
du
ct?
Ho
w w
ill en
erg
y leve
ls affe
ct th
e p
rod
uc
t’s b
eh
avior? (e
.g. lig
hts are
dim
me
d; fu
nc
tion
s are
no
t available
)
WH
AT
IF YO
U
T
02
TE
CH
NO
LOG
Y
T
04
TECHNOLOGY
HOW DOES IT WORK?
Can you list the basic hardware components required by your product?
Can you schematize how the product is supposed to work?
Example:A speaker, micro-controller, bluetooth module battery, buttons... It pairs with the phone to play music.
T
06
TECHNOLOGY
CLOUD SERVICE
Which functions will require cloud/internet connection to operate?
Example:In a fitness wearable, without cloud connection you may not track your running path with GPS, but you can still count steps and consumed calories
T
08
TECHNOLOGY
SOFTWARE UPDATES PLAN
Which functions could be added in the future thanks to software updates?
Will them require specific hardware components?
Example:Your smart thermostat embeds a humidity sensors that isn’t used yet. It has been planned in advance to offer a new function that will be updated on all shipped products.
T
10
TECHNOLOGY
PRODUCT SECURITY
How will the device be protected?
Who can access it and how?
Examples:Encrypted data transmissionsPasswords and autentications
T
05
TECHNOLOGY
PRODUCT ECOSYSTEM
What is the product connected to?
Is the product compatible with other devices?
Example:It is connected to the cloud through a smartphone app (gateway). It is compatible with other products of the same brand.
T
07
TECHNOLOGY
API
Does the product use third party APIs?
Will it provide APIs for developers?
Examples:A lamp that uses online weather dataA fitness tracker provides API, so that independent developers can make apps for it
T
09
TECHNOLOGY
CHALLENGES AND INNOVATION
From a technological point of view, what is the biggest challenge?
Which are the most innovative components of the product?
Examples:The software, a specific algorithm A flexible PCB
EXPERIENCE CARDS
EX
ARE ABOUT:
Emotions & feelings Perception Concerns Trust in technology
ARE A SUPPORT FOR:
Creating empathy Humanizing tech Being ethical UX design
...foc
use
d o
n th
e p
rod
uc
t e
co
system
?
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t be
dire
ctly c
on
ne
cte
d to
the
In
tern
et an
d c
lou
d?
Will it b
e c
on
ne
cte
d th
anks to
a gate
way/h
ub
/b
ridg
e? (e
.g. a sm
artph
on
e)
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t inte
ract w
ith o
the
r pro
du
cts?
Will u
sers b
e ab
le to
cre
ate “re
cip
es” an
d p
rog
ram
be
havio
rs
Will it b
e c
om
patib
le w
ith
... oth
er p
rod
uc
ts of th
e sam
e b
rand
?
... pro
du
cts o
f diff
ere
nt c
om
pan
ies?
... app
s of d
iffe
ren
t pro
vide
rs?
... third
partie
s AP
Is? (e.g
. servic
es, so
cial n
etw
orks)
WH
AT
IF YO
U
T
05
TE
CH
NO
LOG
Y
...use
d e
xtern
al AP
Is or
pro
vide
d th
eir o
wn
?
Wh
at data w
ill the
pro
du
ct re
qu
ire?
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t use
exte
rnal A
PI? (e
.g. G
oo
gle’s)
Will A
PIs b
e o
pe
n o
r private
?
Wh
ich
de
vice
cap
abilitie
s co
uld
de
velo
pe
rs c
on
trol?
Wh
ich
data c
ou
ld d
eve
lop
ers ac
ce
ss?
WH
AT
IF TH
E P
RO
DU
CTT
07
TE
CH
NO
LOG
Y
... foc
use
d o
n w
hat m
akes th
e
pro
du
ct c
halle
ng
ing
/inn
ovative
?
Wh
at will b
e th
e m
ost in
no
vative e
lem
en
t of th
e
pro
du
ct?
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t use
tec
hn
olo
gie
s that are
c
om
mo
n in
a diff
ere
nt fi
eld
/marke
t? (e.g
. te
ch
no
log
y transfe
r)
Co
uld
oth
er te
ch
no
log
ies b
e u
sed
?
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t’s pe
rform
anc
e b
e re
markab
le?
(e.g
. hig
h-p
erfo
rman
ce
lou
dsp
eake
rs)
Will
the
p
rod
uc
t’s d
ime
nsio
ns
be
re
markab
le?
(e.g
. a very c
om
pac
t we
arable
)
Will it re
qu
ire c
usto
m c
om
po
ne
nts?
Wh
ich
stand
ard c
om
po
ne
nts c
ou
ld b
e u
sed
?
Ho
w w
ill it be
pro
totyp
ed
?
WH
AT
IF YO
U
T
09
TE
CH
NO
LOG
Y
HOW TO USE THE CARDS?
You can use the cards for different structured activities: download the Activity Guides at mappingtheiot.polimi.it
VERTICAL SIDE
Deepens the topic with additional “what if” questions
HORIZONTAL SIDE
Introduces a topic with a key question and examples
WH
AT
IF YO
U
T
04
TE
CH
NO
LOG
Y
... foc
use
d o
n th
e h
ardw
are
co
mp
on
en
ts?
Wh
ich
co
mp
on
en
ts will h
ave g
reate
r imp
act o
n
the
pro
du
ct’s sh
ape
/dim
en
sion
?
Ho
w w
ill the
y be
arrang
ed
?
Will th
ey re
qu
ire a sp
ec
ific
disp
ositio
n?
Wh
ich
co
mp
on
en
ts will h
ave g
reate
r imp
act o
n
the
pro
du
ct’s p
rice
?
Co
uld
a diff
ere
nt te
ch
no
log
y/co
mp
on
en
ts be
u
sed
?
Will th
is ch
oic
e in
flu
en
ce
the
pro
du
ct sh
ape
and
in
terac
tion
s?
Wh
ich
co
mp
on
en
ts will b
e stan
dard
?
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t ne
ed
pe
rson
alized
/ad-h
oc
h
ardw
are?
WH
AT
IF YO
U
T
06
TE
CH
NO
LOG
Y
... foc
use
d o
n th
e c
lou
d-se
rvice
?
Wh
ich
fun
ctio
ns o
f the
pro
du
ct w
ill wo
rk with
ou
t c
lou
d c
on
ne
ctio
n? W
hic
h fu
nc
tion
s will ru
n o
n
the
ed
ge
de
vice
?
Will d
ata be
store
d in
clo
ud
?
Will d
ata be
store
d in
the
ed
ge
de
vice
?
Ho
w o
ften
will th
e p
rod
uc
t exc
han
ge
data w
ith
the
clo
ud
? (e.g
. sen
d/g
et re
qu
ests)
Ho
w w
ill data b
e e
labo
rated
in c
lou
d? (e
.g.
analytic
s, mac
hin
e le
arnin
g)
Will th
e c
lou
d allo
w re
mo
te ac
ce
ss to th
e
pro
du
ct? T
hro
ug
h w
hic
h in
terfac
es?
Wh
o w
ill have
acc
ess to
the
clo
ud
?
WH
AT
IF YO
U
T
08
TE
CH
NO
LOG
Y
...plan
ne
d in
advan
ce
softw
are
up
date
s that re
qu
ire h
ardw
are?
Ho
w w
ill the
pro
du
ct e
volve
ove
r time
?
Wh
at if you
tried
to list a 3
-step
up
date
plan
? (e
.g. ste
p 1: in
terfac
e p
erso
nalizatio
n, ste
p 2
: air m
on
itorin
g fu
nc
tion
add
ed
, step
3: e
nab
le vo
ice
c
om
man
d)
Wh
ich
kind
of h
ardw
are c
om
po
ne
nts w
ill be
n
ee
de
d to
sup
po
rt the
se u
pd
ates?
Will n
ew
fun
ctio
ns b
e ad
de
d?
Will th
e in
terfac
e b
e u
pd
ated
?
Will th
e in
terac
tion
with
the
pro
du
ct e
volve
in
time
? (e.g
. ne
w g
estu
res)
WH
AT
IF YO
U
T
10
TE
CH
NO
LOG
Y
...foc
use
d o
n p
rod
uc
t sec
urity?
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t have
/ne
ed
acc
ess to
sen
sible
in
form
ation
s?
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t be
passw
ord
sec
ure
d?
Will d
ata be
en
cryp
ted
? (e.g
. data sto
red
on
the
d
evic
e o
r in c
lou
d, d
ata transm
ission
...)
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t store
data lo
cally?
Wh
o c
ou
ld c
on
ne
ct w
ith th
e d
evic
e? H
ow
will
pairin
g o
cc
ur?
Will u
sers h
ave ac
ce
ss to th
eir d
ata? Ho
w is th
e
acc
ess se
cu
red
?
Wh
at wo
uld
hap
pe
n if it w
as hac
ked
?
If hac
ked
, wh
ich
kind
of d
ata co
uld
be
acc
esse
d?
If hac
ked
, co
uld
the
pro
du
ct b
e d
ang
ero
us?
EX
01
EXPERIENCE
PRIVACY AND TRANSPARENCY
Is it clear what data is required and how it is being used?
How do users feel about it?
Example:Under direct user consent, customer data are used for profiling
EX
03
EXPERIENCE
AUTOMATION AND CONTROL
Does the product work autonomously?How users can control its behavior?
Example:An autonomous car still provides manual override
MOTIVATION & ENGAGEMENT
How are users motivated to keep using the product?
Example:With positive feedback loops and game elements, such us points and rewards
EX
05
EXPERIENCE
MEANING CARDS
M
ARE ABOUT:
Being objective Finding Strenghts Finding WeaknessesValue & relevance
ARE A SUPPORT FOR:
A critical perspectiveEvaluating ideasIdea selectionMaking ideas stronger
EX
02
EXPERIENCE
SECURITY AND MALFUNCTION
What could happen if the security was breached or the product malfunctioned?
How do users feel about it?
Example:If the smart door lock fails or is hacked, the door remains open
EX
04
EXPERIENCE
LEARNING
Does the product “learn” from usage?
By using the product, do users learn something?
Examples:A smart thermostat that learns patterns of usageA smart keyboard that teaches users to play music
EX
06
EXPERIENCE
COGNITIVE OVERLOAD
What could make users feel overwhelmed?
Example:The system is too complex to set and maintain,and users need to learn how to operate it
M
01
MEANING
USEFULNESS AND RELEVANCE
Be critical:
Do you think that the product is useful?
Do you think that solves a relevant issue?
Examples:...It is a nice-to-have gadget...It will let users save a lot of electricity
WH
AT
IF YO
U
EX 0
2
EX
PE
RIE
NC
E
...foc
use
d o
n se
cu
rity ?
Will u
sers tru
st the
de
vice
?
For th
is pro
du
ct, h
ow
mu
ch
are u
sers w
orrie
d
abo
ut se
cu
rity?
Wh
at co
uld
hap
pe
n if th
e d
evic
e w
as hac
ked
?
Wh
ich
data c
ou
ld b
e ac
ce
ssed
?
Ho
w w
ill the
pro
du
ct b
e p
rote
cte
d fo
rm
un
auth
orize
d ac
ce
ss?
Will it re
qu
ire p
asswo
rds o
r auth
en
ticatio
n?
WH
AT
IF TH
E P
RO
DU
CT
... co
uld
learn
? An
d u
sers to
o
Wh
at co
uld
be
the
be
ne
fits o
f mac
hin
e le
arnin
g?
Wh
at will th
e p
rod
uc
t learn
?
Ho
w w
ill the
pro
du
ct b
e train
ed
?
Will it p
rovid
e su
gg
estio
ns/p
red
ictio
ns?
Ho
w w
ill the
pro
du
ct im
pro
ve in
time
?
Wh
at will u
sers le
arn?
Ho
w w
ill the
pro
du
ct su
pp
ort th
e le
arnin
g
pro
ce
ss? (e.g
. fee
db
ack vib
ration
)
Ho
w w
ill use
rs qu
antify th
eir im
pro
vem
en
ts?EX 0
4
EX
PE
RIE
NC
E
WH
AT
IF
... use
rs felt o
verw
he
lme
d?
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t off
er to
o m
any fe
ature
s?
Will it re
qu
ire to
o m
uc
h e
ffo
rt?
Will u
sers n
ee
d sp
ec
ific
skills or kn
ow
led
ge
?
Ho
w w
ill use
rs be
gu
ide
d an
d su
pp
orte
d?
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t be
have
diff
ere
ntly b
ased
on
u
sers / skill le
vel / p
rog
ramm
ed
rec
ipe
s / usag
e
co
nte
xt?
Will d
ata visualizatio
ns b
e re
levan
t and
imm
ed
iate
to u
nd
erstan
d?
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t pro
vide
actio
nab
le d
ata and
fe
ed
bac
k?
EX 0
6
EX
PE
RIE
NC
E
WH
AT
IF TH
E P
RO
DU
CT
...wasn
’t use
ful/ d
idn
’t add
ress
a rele
vant issu
e?
Co
uld
you
fin
d p
roo
f that th
e issu
e is re
levan
t?
Co
uld
you
be
tter an
alyze u
sers an
d c
on
text?
Co
uld
you
exp
lore
the
top
ic w
ith u
sers? (e
.g.
with
surve
ys, inte
rview
s, foc
us g
rou
ps ...)
Co
uld
you
make
use
r tests? (e
.g. o
f mo
cku
ps)
Wh
y sho
uld
pe
op
le b
uy it?
Co
uld
you
be
tter an
alyze th
e m
arket an
d
co
mp
etitio
n?
Co
uld
you
fin
d re
lated
pro
du
cts an
d se
rvice
s?
Co
uld
you
fin
d p
roo
f that th
ere
is a marke
t for
this so
lutio
n?
M
01
ME
AN
ING
WH
AT
IF YO
U
...foc
use
d o
n u
ser p
rivacy
and
data tran
spare
nc
y?
Wh
at data w
ill the
pro
du
ct c
olle
ct?
Will it re
qu
ire p
erso
nal/se
nsitive
info
rmatio
n?
(e.g
. cre
dit c
ard d
ata)
Will it b
e c
lear fo
r wh
at pu
rpo
se are
req
uire
d?
Will it b
e c
lear h
ow
data is u
sed
?
Will it b
e c
lear w
ho
can
acc
ess th
e d
ata?
Will it b
e c
lear w
ith w
ho
m d
ata mig
ht b
e sh
ared
?
Will d
ata be
use
d fo
r pro
filin
g?
Did
use
rs co
nse
nt?
Ho
w w
ill use
rs have
co
ntro
l ove
r the
data?
EX 0
1
EX
PE
RIE
NC
E
WH
AT
IF
... the
pro
du
ct w
as auto
no
mo
us?
Will u
sers tru
st the
de
vice
?
Will u
sers fe
el in
co
ntro
l of its b
eh
avior?
Wh
at co
uld
use
rs pe
rson
alize?
Will h
um
an in
terve
ntio
n b
e n
ee
de
d? W
he
n?
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t use
mac
hin
e le
arnin
g?
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t off
er p
erso
nalize
d su
gg
estio
ns?
Ho
w c
ou
ld u
sers d
eal w
ith e
xce
ptio
ns? (e
.g.
ch
ang
e in
pro
gram
me
d ro
utin
e)
EX 0
3
EX
PE
RIE
NC
E
WH
AT
IF YO
U
... foc
use
d o
n h
ow
the
pro
du
ct
en
gag
es u
sers?
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t ch
allen
ge
use
rs?
Will it re
ward
the
m? H
ow
?
Will it sh
ow
pro
gre
ss?
Will it e
volve
in tim
e?
Will it u
nlo
ck n
ew
co
nte
nt?
Will it o
ffe
r pe
rson
alized
featu
res?
Will it in
volve
soc
ial pe
ers an
d frie
nd
s?
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t have
a pe
rson
ality?
EX 0
5
EX
PE
RIE
NC
E
HOW TO USE THE CARDS?
You can use the cards for different structured activities: download the Activity Guides at mappingtheiot.polimi.it
VERTICAL SIDE
Deepens the topic with additional “what if” questions
HORIZONTAL SIDE
Introduces a topic with a key question and examples
M
02
MEANING
IOT VALUE
Be critical:
Does connectivity add a real value to the product?
Examples:...being connected is an additional feature...being connected enables a core function...being connected is what makes it desirable
M
04
MEANING
DIGITAL VERSUS PHYSICAL
Be critical:
Do you think that an app could replace the physical product?
Example:Some of the functions of a fitness tracker may be done by a smartphone, but there are benefits in having a tangible product in terms of comfort and usability
M
06
MEANING
PRICE AND COMPETITION
Be critical:
Do you think that the product is cheap/expensive for what it offers?
How will the product be positioned among competitors?
Example:For its price (>200€) it will be positioned among high end products
M
03
MEANING
DATA VALUE
Be critical:
How users will benefit from the data produced by the product?
How will data be valueable for you?
Examples:...data will be used for machine learning ...data will be used for a next product
M
05
MEANING
STRENGHTS AND WEAKNESSES
Be critical:
What will you identify as strong/weak points of the product?
You can do a SWOT* analysis!
*Internal Strenghts & Weaknesses, external Opportunities & Threats
Example:Strenghts (performance, easy installation), Weaknesses (price >200€, battery life)
M
07
MEANING
PRODUCT STORYTELLING
What are the best use scenarios to communicate the value of the product?
Create a storyboard!
Example:You aren’t close to your smartphone; it rings but it’s in silent mode; your smartwatch vibrates and the screen displays who is calling
Mappingtheiot.polimi.it
v. 4.0 - october 2018
WH
AT
IF YO
U
... foc
use
d o
n th
e valu
e
of th
e p
rod
uc
t’s data?
Ho
w w
ill data b
e u
sed
?
Wh
at will u
sers d
o w
ith th
e p
rod
uc
ed
data?
Will d
ata pro
du
ce
actio
nab
le in
sigh
ts? (e.g
. p
erso
nalize
d su
gg
estio
ns)
Will d
ata en
able
pe
rson
alization
? (e.g
. co
nte
xtual
no
tific
ation
s, pe
rson
alized
pro
du
ct b
eh
avior)
Ho
w w
ill you
be
ne
fit fro
m th
e d
ata pro
du
ce
d b
y th
e p
rod
uc
t?
Will d
ata be
acc
essib
le fro
m th
ird p
arties?
Will d
ata be
private
or o
pe
n?
M
03
ME
AN
ING
WH
AT
IF YO
U
...foc
use
d o
n th
e stro
ng
/we
ak p
oin
ts of th
e p
rod
uc
t?
In yo
ur m
arket, w
hat w
ill be
see
n as stre
ng
ht?
(e.g
. a low
pric
e)
Wh
at will yo
u d
o b
ette
r than
the
co
mp
etitio
n?
Wh
at will re
ally make
the
pro
du
ct in
no
vative?
Wh
at facto
rs co
uld
be
pe
rce
ived
as we
akne
sses?
(e.g
. lack o
f rep
utatio
n, lac
k of in
tern
al c
om
pe
ten
ce
s in th
e o
rgan
ization
...)
Wh
at exte
rnal fac
tors c
ou
ld b
e an
Op
po
rtun
ity fo
r you
r pro
du
ct/o
rgan
ization
? (e.g
. ne
w u
ser
lifestyle
s, spe
cialize
d fu
nd
s, inte
rnatio
nal e
ven
ts)
Wh
at exte
rnal fac
tors c
ou
ld b
e a T
hre
at? (e.g
. stro
ng
co
mp
etitio
n)
M
05
ME
AN
ING
WH
AT
IF YO
U
...foc
use
d o
n th
e p
rod
uc
t’s sto
rytellin
g?
Wh
ich
situatio
ns w
ill be
tter h
igh
ligh
t the
value
of
the
pro
du
ct?
Wh
ich
will b
e th
e m
ost re
levan
t sce
nario
?
Wh
ich
will b
e th
e m
ost re
latable
sce
nario
?
Wh
ich
will b
e th
e m
ost e
ffe
ctive
sce
nario
to
adve
rtise th
e p
rod
uc
t?
Co
mp
are: h
ow
will th
e sc
en
ario b
e w
itho
ut th
e
pro
du
ct?
Wh
at activitie
s will b
e e
nab
led
/simp
lifie
d?
Wh
at issue
s/ne
ed
s will b
e ad
dre
ssed
?
M
07
ME
AN
ING
WH
AT
IF...
...co
nn
ec
tivity did
n’t ad
d a re
al valu
e to
the
pro
du
ct?
Wh
y sho
uld
the
pro
du
ct b
e c
on
ne
cte
d?
Wh
ich
key fu
nc
tion
s will it e
nab
le?
Will c
on
ne
ctivity b
e a d
esirab
le ke
y fun
ctio
n fo
r yo
ur u
sers? (e
.g. fo
r rem
ote
co
ntro
l, auto
matio
n)
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t be
up
date
d in
the
futu
re?
Will c
on
ne
ctivity e
nab
le n
ew
servic
es? (e
.g. w
ill sim
plify d
iagn
ostic
s in c
ase o
f malfu
nc
tion
)
Will c
on
ne
ctivity m
ake th
e p
rod
uc
t app
ealin
g fo
r m
ore
use
rs? Or fo
r a spe
cifi
c n
ich
e?
Will c
on
ne
ctivity ju
st add
co
mp
lexity to
the
p
rod
uc
t?
M
02
ME
AN
ING
WH
AT
IF
...the
pro
du
ct c
ou
ld b
e
rep
lace
d b
y an ap
p?
Wh
at will b
e th
e m
ost re
levan
t be
ne
fits o
f havin
g
a ph
ysical p
rod
uc
t?
Will th
e p
rod
uc
t be
part o
f a big
ge
r servic
e? (e
.g.
a tou
ch
po
int)
Will a tan
gib
le p
rod
uc
t be
mo
re d
esirab
le fo
r yo
ur u
sers?
Will it e
nab
le d
iffe
ren
t fun
ctio
ns?
Will it sim
plify th
e in
terac
tion
?
Ho
w w
ill it pro
vide
a be
tter u
ser e
xpe
rien
ce
?
M
04
ME
AN
ING
WH
AT
IF YO
U
... foc
use
d o
n p
rice
and
c
om
pe
titors?
Co
uld
you
ide
ntify c
om
pe
titors w
ith sim
ilar p
rod
uc
ts and
pric
e ran
ge
?
Wh
ich
will b
e th
e stro
ng
est c
om
pe
titors?
Ho
w w
ill the
pro
du
ct b
e p
ositio
ne
d am
on
g
the
m?
Co
mp
ared
to th
e p
rod
uc
ts in th
e sam
e p
rice
ran
ge
, wh
at will it o
ffe
r mo
re?
Wh
at will c
on
sum
ers e
xpe
ct fro
m th
is pric
e?
Co
uld
you
ide
ntify alte
rnative
pro
du
cts th
at ad
dre
ss the
same
ne
ed
?
M
06
ME
AN
ING
DOWNLOAD AND PRINT THE TOOLKIT mappingtheiot.polimi.it/downloadsThe title of each file specifies the print format and details (e.g. A4_double sided_mirrored)
CHOOSE A SPECIFIC ACTIVITY Pick an Activity Guide and follow the instructions. Di�erent activities may require additional elements, like canvases, to be filled
USE THE CARDS ALONE OR WITH YOUR TEAM ...As an inspiration, as library of knowledge, for exploring di�erent perspectives, to identify possible issues and opportunities
I WANT TO USE THIS TOOLKIT!
INSTUCTIONS
WHAT
WHEN
THE ELEMENTS
HOW TO USE IT?
CREDITS
WHY
TOOLKIT
“Mapping the IoT” is an open source Toolkit that o�ers support during the design of smart products (IoT products, but also unconnected electronics). Its aim is to promote critical reflection: it is a tool that asks questions, to design for what really matters, to design smarter products.
It that can be used alone or within multidisciplinary teams especially during a project’s problem-framing phase, idea generation, concept development and evaluation. It doesn’t need a facilitator and can be used both in an unstructured or structured way, by following di�erent exercises specified on the “Activity guides”, or simply as inspiration.
The main benefit is that the Toolkit can be used to strenghten and develop your existing smart-product ideas. This makes the Toolkit suitable for designers, startups, makers, and whoever wants to design something “smart”. The tool o�ers methodological support, promotes discussion and, by exploring di�erent perspectives, aims to identify relevant aspects, issues and new opportunities.
mappingtheiot.polimi.it - Toolkit Version 4.0 - October 2018
The “Mapping The IoT Toolkit” is a project born at Politecnico di Milano, Design Department and developed by Ilaria Vitali & Venanzio Arquilla
Activity guides.
Are instructional elements that will assist you in using the Toolkit and reaching your goal.
The four supported activities are:
“I want to start a new project”“I want to analyze smart products”“I want to brainstorm ideas”“I want to make my idea better”
The deck.
The deck will support you during di�erent activities. The two-sided cards provide questions, and di�erent perspectives. The horizontal side provides a topic, the vertical side deepens it.
It is divided in 7 sections: Strategy, User & Context, Design, Interaction, Technology, Experience, Meaning.
Analysis cards & feature map.
Follow the “I want to analyze smart products” guide and get ready for a structured activity that will let you analyze, identify and compare features of di�erent case studies. The Analysis cards may also be used for analyzing your own smart-product idea highlighting a personalized selection of Deck cards
