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Stuart D. BaleFIELDS iCDR Science Requirements Solar Probe Plus FIELDS Instrument CDR Science and Instrument Overview Science Requirements Stuart D. Bale FIELDS Principal Investigator University of California, Berkeley bale@ssl.berkeley.edu 1

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Stuart D. BaleFIELDS iCDR Science Requirements Outline 2 Overview and Requirements SPP/FIELDS Science Requirements FIELDS Science Plasma environment of the inner heliosphere Instrument Level-1 Requirements Instrument Concept and Block Diagram Measurements Concept Block Diagram CONOPS Overview The FIELDS Team

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Stuart D. BaleFIELDS iCDR Science Requirements FIELDS at the Mission Level 3

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Stuart D. BaleFIELDS iCDR Science Requirements FIELDS Top Level Description The SPP/FIELDS experiment will measure directly: 1.DC/Low Frequency Electric Fields 2.DC/Low Frequency Magnetic Fields 3.Plasma wave (E and B) waveforms, spectra, and cross-spectra 4.Spacecraft floating potential 5.Solar and interplanetary radio (e/m) emissions and by analysis: 1.Perpendicular electron velocity and its spectrum 2.Very accurate electron density and temperature 3.Rapid (~kHz) density fluctuations and spectrum 4.Voltage signatures of interplanetary dust 4

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Stuart D. BaleFIELDS iCDR Science Requirements FIELDS Science Objectives 1.Trace the flow of energy that heats and accelerates the solar corona and solar wind FIELDS will measure : 1.Alfven waves and Poynting (energy) flux 2.Turbulent cascade and dissipation 3.Compressive waves and cyclotron damping 4.Magnetic reconnection and collisionless shocks 5.Velocity-space (expansion) instabilities 6.Signatures of ambipolar/IP potential Outward waves Inward waves (Alfven waves in SDO/AIA - McIntosh et al., 2011) 5

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Stuart D. BaleFIELDS iCDR Science Requirements 2.Determine the structure and dynamics of the plasma and magnetic fields at the sources of the solar wind FIELDS will measure : 1.Magnetic field polarity and flux tube structure 2.Reconnection current sheets 3.Statistics of (Parker) nano-/micro-flares 4.Streamer belt reconnection 5.Streamer belt latitudinal extent Parker micro-flares will appear like a type III radio storm against the galactic background 6 FIELDS Science Objectives

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Stuart D. BaleFIELDS iCDR Science Requirements 2.Determine the structure and dynamics of the plasma and magnetic fields at the sources of the solar wind FIELDS will measure : -The plasma density to ~1-2% accuracy over the science orbit -The core electron temperature to ~5-10% accuracy over the science orbit Quasi-thermal noise measurements of plasma parameters - antenna geometry is critical - no s/c potential effects. This is good! 7 FIELDS Science Objectives 10 Rs 35 Rs 55 Rs

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Stuart D. BaleFIELDS iCDR Science Requirements 3.Explore mechanisms that accelerate and transport energetic particles FIELDS will measure: 1.Interplanetary shocks 2.Type II and type III radio bursts 3.Solar wind magnetic reconnection 4.Stochastic (turbulent) acceleration > 0.1G > 1V SPP/FIELDS will see very large electric and magnetic fields and compressions: ~1+ V and ~1000+ nT at strong shocks 1 AU 9.5 Rs 8 FIELDS Science Objectives

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Stuart D. BaleFIELDS iCDR Science Requirements 9 FIELDS Plasma Environment The Helios (0.29 AU) and remote sensing measurements extrapolated into 10 Rs 9 Helios - Magnetic field - Velocity - Proton density - Proton temperature Helios + models - Electron temperature

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Stuart D. BaleFIELDS iCDR Science Requirements 10 FIELDS Plasma Environment - High cadence sampling -Burst memory system -Floating voltage preamps -Large dynamic range 10

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Stuart D. BaleFIELDS iCDR Science Requirements FIELDS Electric Field Measurements 11

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Stuart D. BaleFIELDS iCDR Science Requirements FIELDS cares about EMC 12 RE02 spec requires controlled power supplies 150 kHz + n*50kHz

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Stuart D. BaleFIELDS iCDR Science Requirements FIELDS Magnetic Field Measurements 13

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Stuart D. BaleFIELDS iCDR Science Requirements FIELDS Level-1 Requirements 14 Table 4.1 Baseline Fields and Waves Measurements Req.MeasurementDynamic RangeCadenceBandwidth 4.1.1.1Magnetic Field140dB100k vectors/sDC - 50kHz 4.1.1.2Electric Field140dB2M vectors/sDC - 1MHz 4.1.1.3Plasma Waves140dB1 spectrum/s~5Hz - 1MHz 4.1.1.4QTN/Radio 100dB for QTN 80dB for radio 1 spectrum/4s QTN 1 spectrum/16s radio 10-2,500kHz QTN 1-16MHz radio Table 4.5 Threshold Fields and Waves Measurements Req.MeasurementDynamic RangeCadenceBandwidth 4.1.2.3Magnetic Field125dB256 vectors/sDC - 128Hz 4.1.2.4Electric Field125dB256 vectors/sDC - 128Hz 4.1.2.5Plasma Waves90dB1 spectrum/10s~5Hz - 50kHz 4.1.2.6QTN/Radio 70dB for QTN 70dB for radio 1 spectrum/32s QTN 1 spectrum/32s radio 10-2,500kHz QTN 1-16MHz radio Level-1 Requirements Flow to FIELDS

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Stuart D. BaleFIELDS iCDR Science Requirements DC/LF Electric Field Measurements 15

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Stuart D. BaleFIELDS iCDR Science Requirements Spacecraft Plasma Wake! 16 Major dynamical electrostatic disturbances in the (anti- ram) wake of the spacecraft Density fluctuations Electric field fluctuations Plasma potential structure Electric field sensor orientation is driven by wake physics

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Stuart D. BaleFIELDS iCDR Science Requirements The FIELDS Sensors 17 V1-V4 electric antennas MAGi, MAGo V5 electric antenna SCM V1-V4 electric antennas - Five voltage sensors - Two Fluxgate magnetometers - One search-coil magnetometer - Main Electronics Package

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Stuart D. BaleFIELDS iCDR Science Requirements V1-V4 electric sensors 18 V2 V1 V4 V3 Base/Hinge and stub (30 cm) Whip (2 m length) Mid-Mount Whip Release Tip fork

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Stuart D. BaleFIELDS iCDR Science Requirements FIELDS Electric Antenna Design 19 Spacecraft heat-shield (TPS) FIELDS antenna heat-shield (voltage-biased surface) FIELDS antenna stub (30 cm voltage-biased surface) FIELDS antenna whip (200 cm current-biased surface) FIELDS preamplifier

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Stuart D. BaleFIELDS iCDR Science Requirements Block Diagram 20 FIELDS System Two Sides Each has Spacecraft I/F Each has Magnetometer Each has Antenna Elect. Each has Power Supply FIELDS1 also has Radio Freq Spect. Digital Fields Board SCM Calib Control Absolute Time Sequencer TDS I/F FIELDS2 also has Time Domain Sampler DCB I/F SWEAP I/F

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Stuart D. BaleFIELDS iCDR Science Requirements The FIELDS Instrument Team 21