Student-Centred and Self-Reliant Learning for Better Learning Outcomes10th Regional Policy Dialogue, Breakout session 2B

Ngan Cheng HwaSpecialist Technical Training Officer

German-Malaysian Institute

Yangon, 14 - 15 November 2019

Presentation Outline

• Why The Need of Paradigm Shift for Better Learning Outcomes

• Situation Analysis – Learning and Teaching Paradigm Shift

• Student Centered/Self –Reliant Learning Implementation• readiness

• challenges

• teacher training enhancement program

Student-Centred and Self-Reliant Learning for Better Learning Outcomes

• The importance for TVET institutions to develop/create relevant talent with future-proof skills for current and future workforce;

• The fitment between the world of work and the world of education and training;

• Learning are among the most important factors in influencing the extent to which TVET quality is achieved.

The Seoul Congress 1999

The Theme:

“Lifelong Learning and Training: A Bridge to the Future”

“In the world of tomorrow, every individual will need to update his or her knowledge

and skills constantly.”

Source: International Congress on Technical and Vocational Education – UNESCO, 26-30 April 1999

Are we i.40 ready?

proactive learners who are

continuously keeping themselves equipped and updated to be innovative and competitive.

self-reliantself-directed

lifelongactive

autonomous

Industr ia l Revolut ion

Peoplewhat are talent development

requirements?

Learning & Teachinghow to develop holistic

competent talent?

Industry 4.0where are we?

How to Navigate the 4th industrial revolution?

1 2 33

Top Ten Skills Requirements(based on order of importance)

2015In Future of Jobs Report, it is pointed that at 2015 the

top ten skills required from employees in order of

importance are as follows:

(1) complex problem solving

(2) coordinating with others

(3) people management

(4) critical thinking

(5) negotiation

(6) quality control

(7) service orientation

(8) judgment and decision making

(9) active listening

(10) creativity

2020There will be a shift in employee skill requirements,

and the top ten skills according to their order of

importance would be as follows:

(1) complex problem solving

(2) critical thinking

(3) creativity

(4) people management

(5) coordinating with others

(6) emotional intelligence

(7) judgment and decision making

(8) service orientation

(9) negotiation

(10) cognitive flexibility

Source: Industry 4.0: Managing The Digital Transformation, Springer Series in Advanced Manufacturing 2018

Peoplewhat are talent development

requirements?

Learning & Teachinghow to develop holistic

competent talent?

Industry 4.0where are we?

Industr ia l Revolut ion

• Rapid changes & advancement

• Integrated• Smart/Intelligent

• complex problem solving

• critical thinking • creativity

Educat ion & Tra ining

HOW to adapt?

R e f l e c t i o nTeaching & Learning

… a shift from focusing on teaching to learning

Teacher Centered Learning

Teaching & Learning Scenario

Input

Lecture & Demo

Instruction

Steps of task prepared by

teacher

Perform

Practice (Memorization)

Assessment

Done by teacher

Skilled Graduate

Lifelong LearnerProactive Learner

4Cs

Teacher believe that

student can’t learn

without lecture/demo

Teacher wanted to make

things “easier” for students

(spoon-feeding)

Students learn/ practice

according to instructions

without much of WHY

Students may not know

what mistake they have

made

Teacher CenteredLearning Student Centered

Learning

passive active

self-reliantself-directed

lifelongactive

autonomous

Self-Reliant

Learning

Project

Problem

Tutorial

Lecture

Discussion

Demonstration

Source: NDTS, Ngan & Koch, 2004

Student Centred Approach

Teacher Centered Approach

90%

75%

50%

30%

20%10%05%

Learnin

g Retentio

n R

ate

Teach others/

Immediate use of learning

Practice by doing

Source: Boston Consulting Group, Dec 2016

…employing effective approach for learning and

training

Why we need to develop…?

Gen Z

1996-2012

Century

Critical Thinking

Collaboration

Communication

Creativity

self-reliantself-directed

lifelongactive

autonomous

19th Century Classroom

“How do you know I

have a learningdisability?

May be you have a

teaching disability”

20th Century Teacher

Source: www.cartoonstock.com

Committed and Focused

Pragmatic

Independent

Self-educators

1996-2012

21st Century Student

Learning comes

1st

Teaching comes

2nd

Teacher steps aside(Organiser, Advisor, Coach,

Moderator & Facilitator)

Learner steps

into the centre of

education process(from listening to doing)

to create learning

opportunities through

which people can develop

their ability to learn

AUTONOMOUSLY?

HOW

Student-Centred Learning(Challenges and Preparation)

Paradigm Shift…It does not happen just like that!

Challenges: Myth of Self-Reliant Learning

Myth

The best way to teach is to give information in a well-planned lecture.

Fact

We remember 10 to 20 percent of what we hear. If we want someone to "hear" something, we lecture.

If we want students to "learn," we need to work as a guide on the side and involve them.

The nature of teacher change…

“Changes in teacher’s practices are the result of changes in

teacher’s belief”

Source: Exploring teacher’s beliefs and the process of change, Jack. C. Richards, Patrick B. Gallo, Willy A. Renandya, SEAMEO Regional Language Center, Singapore

The learning never stops…

The Experience of Self-Reliant Learning

Can WE be a self-reliant learner?

The young have embraced these revolutionary changes faster than

baby boomers…

“Learning Comes First, Teaching Comes Second”

“Stop Memorizing and Start Thinking ”

Students learn more when they are intensely involved, and they are working in real life problems… collaborating with others in solving problems

Source: US National Survey on Student Engagement, 2010

problem based learning

Challenges: Shift from focusing on teaching to learning

Most Dominant?

Teaching & Learning

task

stepstepstepstep

Teacher

prepares

task & steps

Teacher

demonstrate

Student

memorize

& imitate

task

stepstepstepstep

task

step

stepstepstep

Student

practice,

practice,

practice

task

step

stepstepstep

Teacher Centred Learning

task

stepstepstepstep

task

stepstepstepstep

Century

Critical Thinking

Collaboration

Communication

Creativity

Student Centred Learning

Learning & Teaching

SS

SS

Student work

collaboratively

SS

SS

Student

present the

steps to

complete he

task

task

stepstepstepstep

Teacher Preparation Program for PBL Implementation

26

Preparation Program PBL • PBL Curriculum Design• Problem Crafting• Facilitation Skills• Assessment

Student Centered Learning

Course Content & Learning Outcomes

Problem Statement

It’s not what you know but what YOU CAN DO with what you know!

It’s not what we teach, it’s whatYOU LEARN

Outcome BasedEducation

Student CenteredLearning

Pro3BL

Problem Project Production

Problem-Project-Production Based Learning

Exploring the scenarios to acquire and

enhance knowledge, skills

and attitude

Applying range of

knowledge, skills

and attitude to

solve problems

through project

Experiencing real

life industrial

activities using

multi disciplinary

knowledge skills

and attitude

FYP

Problem Based Learning

Project Based

Learning

Production Based Learning

1st Year

2nd Year

3rd YearOutcome Based Education (OBE)

Final Year Project (OBE)• Technical Competence• Social Competence• Learning Competence• 21st Century Skills

self-reliantself-directed

lifelongactive

autonomous

“Learning Comes First, Teaching Comes Second”

“Stop Memorizing and Start Thinking ”

developing holistic students with lifelong learning ability,

problem solving, critical thinking, creativity, communication and collaboration skills.

Teacher as

Organiser, Advisor,

Coach, Moderator

& Facilitator

Focus on the

learner

“Insanity: doing the same thing over

and over again and expecting

different results.”

Albert Einstein