Students material for Hamlet We hope this is useful to prepare for the show by The Play Group.

This is version 1.3 of the students worksheet. Click on the icon to check for the latest version. We hope you will find these exercises and activities helpful to prepare your students for the show.

2. Simple summary of the story

Hamlet is the Prince of Denmark who lives in Elsinore Castle. When the play opens he is very sad and angry because his father King Hamlet has died. Also, his mother Queen Gertrude has married Claudius, his father’s brother (Hamlet’s uncle). Claudius has become the new King but Hamlet does not like him or trust him.

One night Hamlet and his best friend Horatio see a ghost, who looks very similar to the dead King. The ghost tells Hamlet that he was murdered by his brother Claudius, by pouring poison in his ear while he was sleeping in his garden. The ghost asks Hamlet to kill King Claudius. Hamlet pretends to be mad so that Claudius does not suspect that Hamlet knows his terrible secret.

Polonius works at the Royal Court and has a beautiful daughter called Ophelia and a son named Laertes. Ophelia is in love with Hamlet but is confused by Hamlet’s strange behaviour. The King is also very suspicious.

A theatre company arrives at Elsinore Castle for the Coronation of King Claudius. Hamlet asks the actors to perform the ghost’s story on stage, featuring the murder of King Hamlet with poison. When he sees the performance, Claudius is shocked, so he stands up and runs out of the court. This proves to Hamlet that Claudius really did kill his father.

In the middle of the night, Hamlet goes to see his mother in her bedroom. The queen is afraid of Hamlet and she screams. Hamlet sees somebody hiding behind a curtain. Thinking it must be his uncle, King Claudius, Hamlet kills him, but then realises the person he has killed is not Claudius, but Polonius, who works for the King.

Polonius’ daughter Ophelia goes mad, walking around the castle singing strange songs and talking to herself. Finally, she jumps off the castle tower into a river and drowns. Her brother, Laertes is very angry, because he thinks Hamlet has killed his father and caused his sister such a tragic condition.

With the help of Laertes, King Claudius plans to kill Hamlet. His idea is to organise a duel between Hamlet and Laertes, but Laertes will use a poisoned sword and poisoned wine.

Later in the castle, Laertes and Hamlet meet for the duel. But accidentally, the Queen drinks the poisoned wine that Claudius intended for Hamlet. When they fight, Hamlet and Laertes are both wounded with the poisoned sword. Just before Laertes dies, he tells Hamlet that King Claudius planned to kill him with the poisoned sword. Hamlet attacks Claudius and forces him to drink the poisoned wine. In the end, everybody dies, including King Claudius and Queen Gertrude, together with Laertes and Hamlet.

3. Advanced summary of the story On a dark winter night, a ghost walks the walls of Elsinore Castle in Denmark. Discovered first by a pair of watchmen, then by the scholar Horatio, the ghost resembles the recently deceased King Hamlet, whose brother Claudius has inherited the throne and married the king’s widow, Queen Gertrude. When Horatio and the watchmen bring Prince Hamlet, the son of Gertrude and the dead king, to see the ghost, it speaks to him, declaring ominously that it is his father’s spirit, and that he was murdered by his brother, Claudius. Ordering Hamlet to revenge the man who usurped his throne and who married his wife, the ghost disappears with the dawn.

Prince Hamlet devotes himself to avenging his father’s death, but, because he is contemplative and thoughtful by nature, he delays, entering into a deep melancholy and even apparent madness. Claudius and Gertrude worry about the prince’s strange behaviour and attempt to discover its cause. They ask a pair of Hamlet’s friends, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, to watch him. When Polonius, the pompous Lord Chamberlain, suggests that Hamlet may be mad with love for his daughter, Ophelia, Claudius agrees to spy on Hamlet in conversation with the girl. But though Hamlet certainly seems mad, he does not

seem to love Ophelia: he orders her to enter a nunnery and declares that he wishes to ban marriages.

A group of traveling actors comes to Elsinore. Their presence gives Hamlet an idea to test his uncle’s guilt. He asks the players to perform a scene closely resembling the way Hamlet imagines his uncle to have murdered his father, so that if Claudius is guilty, he will surely react. When the moment of the murder arrives in the theatre, Claudius leaps up and leaves the room. Hamlet and Horatio agree that this proves his guilt. Hamlet goes to kill Claudius but finds him praying. Since he believes that

killing Claudius while in prayer would send Claudius’s soul to heaven, Hamlet decides to wait. Claudius, now frightened of Hamlet’s madness and fearing for his own safety, orders that Hamlet be sent to England at once.

Hamlet goes to confront his mother, in whose bedroom Polonius has hidden behind a tapestry. Hearing a noise from behind the tapestry, Hamlet believes the king is hiding there. He draws his sword and stabs through the fabric, killing Polonius. For this crime, he is immediately sent to England with Rosencrantz and Guildenstern. However, Claudius’s plan for Hamlet includes more than banishment. He has given Rosencrantz and Guildenstern sealed orders for the King of England demanding that Hamlet be put to death.

After learning of her father’s death, Ophelia goes mad with grief and drowns in the river. Polonius’s son, Laertes, who has been staying

in France, returns to Denmark in a rage. Claudius convinces him that Hamlet is to blame for his father’s and sister’s deaths. When Horatio and the king receive letters from Hamlet indicating that the prince has returned to Denmark after pirates attacked his ship en route to England, Claudius

creates a plan to use Laertes’ desire for revenge to secure Hamlet’s death. Laertes will fence with Hamlet in innocent sport, but Claudius will poison Laertes’ blade so that if he draws blood, Hamlet will die. To ensure Hamlet’s death, the king also decides to poison a goblet, which he will give Hamlet to drink should Hamlet score the first or second hits of the match. Hamlet returns to the vicinity of Elsinore just as Ophelia’s funeral is taking place. Sad with grief,

he attacks Laertes and declares that he had in fact always loved Ophelia. Back at the castle, he tells Horatio that he believes one must be prepared to die, since death can come at any moment.

The sword-fighting begins. Hamlet scores the first hit, but declines to drink from the goblet offered him by the king. Instead, Gertrude takes a drink from it and quickly dies, killed by the poison. Laertes succeeds in wounding Hamlet, though Hamlet does not die of the poison immediately. First, Laertes is cut by his own sword’s blade, and, after revealing to Hamlet that Claudius is responsible for the queen’s death, he dies

from the blade’s poison. Hamlet then stabs Claudius through with the poisoned sword and forces him to drink the rest of the

poisoned wine. Claudius dies, and Hamlet dies immediately after achieving his revenge.

At this moment, a Norwegian prince named Fortinbras, who has led an army to Denmark and attacked Poland earlier in the play, enters with ambassadors from England, who report that Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are dead. Fortinbras is shocked by the terrible sight of the entire royal family lying sprawled on the floor, dead. He moves to take power of the kingdom. Horatio, fulfilling Hamlet’s last request, tells him Hamlet’s tragic story. Fortinbras orders that Hamlet be carried away in a manner befitting a fallen soldier.

4. Picture story (on next page) The story of Hamlet in words and pictures.

5. Make a ghost How to make a simple ghost!

1. Cut the handles off the white plastic shopping bags. If there are coloured markings or logos on the bags, cut them off too.

2. Leave the bottom of the bag intact, then cut strips.

3. Inflate a white balloon. Tape the plastic bags around the balloon in a circle. You can also hang the ghost as a decoration.

4. Using a black marker pen, draw the eyes and mouth on the balloon. You now have a great ghost which can fly really well!

6. The skeleton Materials needed: scissors, glue, cardboard, cord, 8 paper fasteners (fermacampioni) for each skeleton.

1. First glue the photocopy to a piece of cardboard.

2. Then cut out the bones. Attach the legs, arms and hands to the torso to make a skeleton puppet.

3. Put a cord through his head to make him dance!

7. The characters of Hamlet (GRID) These are some of the main characters (personaggi) in Hamlet. Can you find these characters them? Hamlet is shown for you.

CHARACTER LIST:

Hamlet, Guildenstern, Rosenkrantz, Ophelia, Claudius, Laertes, Polonius, Horatio, Ghost , Gertrude, Fortinbras, Elsinore

Some of these characters will not be seen during the show. Can you imagine which?

I think it will be ___________________________________________ or _________________________

Because _________________________________________________

m o n i g c a m u b e h t n it i w x u e s e v a o h o t nq e a h i g n o w i p a i w au s p o l o n i u s h u b e tf e n r d f o x l i e r d i go f l a e f j p k u l h a p er o a p n s f o n r i s c e rt i e y s q w r e h a m l e ti f r u t f t g h o s t a x rn d t s e a p o i r f y u t ub z e x r c v b n a m w d e dr o s e n k r a n t z q i r ea s d f g h f k l i k l u n as e r t e l s i n o r e s o p

8. True or false Some of the following statements are not correct. Which are they?

9. Towers of destiny These are different ways the characters die during the play. We have done the first one for you (Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, who were executed when they arrived in England). And only Horatio, who survived the final scene, died of old age!

Draw lines to show where the characters destiny lies!

10. A murder story This is your chance to be a detective. You will need all your skills to re-create this terrible murder!

TRUE… OR FALSE?

Hamlet is not a popular play.

Claudius is Hamlet’s son.

Shakespeare was not only a writer but also an actor.

At the end of Hamlet, all these people are dead: Hamlet, Queen Gertrude, Laertes, Ophelia, King Claudius.

During Shakespeare’s time, women were not allowed to act on the stage. 

In the play, Hamlet is 22 years old.

The story of Hamlet takes place in Sweden.

Most theatre performances of Hamlet use 25 litres of stage blood.

11. Mad world by Tears for Fears ORIGINAL SONG: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u1ZvPSpLxCg

Here is a gap-fill version of the song. Your teacher will play it to you a number of times. See if you can find the missing words.

All around me are ______________ faces Worn out ______________, worn out faces Bright and early for the ______________ races ______________ nowhere, going nowhere Their tears are filling up their ______________ No ______________, no expression Hide my head I wanna drown my ______________ No ______________, no tomorrow

[Chorus] : And I find it kind of ______________, I find it kind of sad The dreams in which I'm dying are the best I've ever had I find it hard to tell you, `cause I find it hard to take When ______________ run in circles, it's a very very Mad ______________ Mad world Mad world Mad world

______________ waiting for the day they feel good Happy ______________, happy birthday Made to feel the way that every ______________ should Sit and ______________, sit and listen Went to school and I was very ______________ No one ______________ me, no one knew me Hello ______________ tell me what's my lesson Look right through me, look right through me

[Chorus] x 2

12. To be or not to be (advanced students) This is one of the most famous soliloquy / monologues in the history of world theatre! But what is it about? This is an opportunity to study the first 20 lines of the soliloquy. They will be performed in the Play Group’s show, though you should expect some surprises! Here are 2 very famous versions of this classic monologue. (If you have problems downloading because of country rights, let us know and we will try to help!)

1. David Tennant in RSC’s production directed by Gregory Doran https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xYZHb2xo0OI 2. Kenneth Branagh in the film 2006 Hamlet, also directed by Branagh https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SjuZq-8PUw0

Which version do you prefer? How do you expect the Play Group to perform the monologue?

13. Fashion shoot for a celebrity magazine (advanced students) In this exercise you create a photograph or multiple photographs for a celebrity magazine using characters from the play.

You will need a digital camera or camera phone!

You will be in groups of six to play the following characters:

Queen Gertrude, Claudius, Laertes, Hamlet, Ophelia or the fashion photographer. Your teacher will show you character facts for these. You will need to remember that you are members of a Royal Court from nearly 500 years ago, so remember how you should behave and what is expected of each character!

14. Themes in Hamlet (advanced students)

In this exercise, you will discuss some of the themes in Hamlet.

Here is the full text of the play for download, with scene markers.

http://theplaygroup.eu/warehousing/dp/ham/hamlet-text.pdf

Some of the themes here include: moral corruption, revenge, appearances and reality.

15. Symbols in Hamlet (advanced students) In this exercise, you will discuss some of the symbols in Hamlet.

Here is the full text of the play for download, with scene markers.

http://theplaygroup.eu/warehousing/dp/ham/hamlet-text.pdf

Symbols include: Disease, rotting, decay and moral corruption, Actors and the theatre, Ears and hearing

16. The Language of Hamlet (advanced students)

Once again, here is the full text of the play for download.

http://theplaygroup.eu/warehousing/dp/ham/hamlet-text.pdf

Your teacher will help you explore the differences between verse and prose in Hamlet.

Hamlet is the longest of Shakespeare’s plays with 3,929 lines. It consists of 72% verse and 28% prose.

You will also learn about Iambic Pentameter, Blank Verse, and Rhyming Couplets.

17. Further study and online resources

Complete Text of the Play - http://theplaygroup.eu//warehousing/dp/ham/hamlet-text.pdf Royal Shakespeare Company students guide - https://www.rsc.org.uk/hamlet/education Excellent BBC videos - https://www.bbc.com/teach/class-clips-video/english-ks2-ks3-hamlet-by-william-shakespeare-animation/z66kjhv (not available in Germany) BBC study guides - http://www.bbc.co.uk/hamlet/archive.shtml

OTHERS www.navdeeps.com/shakespeare http://renaissance.dm.net/compendium/ www.ulen.com/shakespeare/ SparkNotes on the Play - www.sparknotes.com/shakespeare/hamlet/