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7/28/2019 STUDIES ON MECHANICAL BEHAVIOUR OF NEWLY DEVELOPING BEARING ALLOY
1/19
STUDIES ON MECHANICAL
BEHAVIOUR OF NEWLY DEVELOPING
BEARING ALLOY
Guided by
Prof. T Ramesh kumarAssoc. prof / Mech. Engg.
Presented by
K Karthikeyan
114CC103M.E. CAD/CAM
7/28/2019 STUDIES ON MECHANICAL BEHAVIOUR OF NEWLY DEVELOPING BEARING ALLOY
2/19
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this project work is to study of newly
developing alloy based upon its Mechanical properties such
as in the different tests are Hardness, Tensile properties,
Impact strength, Fatigue and corrosion properties.
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PURPOSE OF PROJECT WORK
The purpose of this project work to improve the Mechanical
properties in the existing bearing alloy.
This may replace existing bearing alloy.
7/28/2019 STUDIES ON MECHANICAL BEHAVIOUR OF NEWLY DEVELOPING BEARING ALLOY
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MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
Elasticity Plasticity
Ductility
Brittleness
Hardness
Tensile strength
Compressive strength
Impact
Fatigue Creep strength
Wear resistance
Corrosion resistance
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GENERAL PROPERTIES OF BEARING ALLOY
HARDNESS - Resistance of a material to deformation,
indentation, or penetration by means such as abrasion, drilling,impact, scratching, and wear.
TENSILE - Is the maximum stress that a material can withstand
while being stretched or pulled before necking.
IMPACT - A high force or shock applied over a short timeperiod when two or more bodies collide.
FATIGUE - Structural damage that occurs when a material is
subjected to cyclic loading.
WEAR - The removal and deformation of material on a surfaceas a result of mechanical action of the opposite surface.
CORROSION - Gradual destruction of material, by chemical
reaction with its environment.
7/28/2019 STUDIES ON MECHANICAL BEHAVIOUR OF NEWLY DEVELOPING BEARING ALLOY
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DIFFERENT TYPES OF TESTING
Hardness test
Tensile test
Compressive test
Impact test
Fatigue test
Corrosion test
7/28/2019 STUDIES ON MECHANICAL BEHAVIOUR OF NEWLY DEVELOPING BEARING ALLOY
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PURPOSE OF TESTING
Often materials are subject to forces (loads).
Calculate those forces and how materials deform or break
as a function of applied load, time, temperature, and other
conditions.
Also learn about these mechanical properties by using
different test. Results from the tests depend on the size andshape of material to be tested (specimen), how it is held, and
the way of performing the test.
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HARDNESS TEST
Scratch Hardness
Resistance to fracture or plastic
(permanent) deformation due to
friction from a sharp object
Indentation hardness
Forcing a hard material like indenter,
against a flat surface of the metal,whose hardness is to measured, under a
fixed load
1. Brinell hardness test
2. Rock well hardness test
3. Vickers hardness test
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9
HARDNESS TESTING TECHNIQUES
7/28/2019 STUDIES ON MECHANICAL BEHAVIOUR OF NEWLY DEVELOPING BEARING ALLOY
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TENSILE TEST
It measures the force required topull something such as rope,wire, or a structural beam to thepoint where it breaks.
Properties:
Stress- strain curve
Tensile strength
Yield strength
Percentage elongation
Youngs modulus
Resilience
toughness
7/28/2019 STUDIES ON MECHANICAL BEHAVIOUR OF NEWLY DEVELOPING BEARING ALLOY
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Stress-Strain Diagram
Strain ( )(DL/Lo)
41
2
3
5
Elastic
Region
Plastic
Region
Strain
Hardening Fracture
ultimatetensile
strength
Elastic region
slope =Youngs (elastic) modulus
yield strength
Plastic region
ultimate tensile strength
strain hardening
fracture
necking
yieldstrength
UTS
y
E
E
12
y
E
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IMPACT TEST
Charpy impact:A pendulum-type
single-blow impact test in whichthe specimen usually notched, issupported at both ends as a simplebeam and broken by a fallingpendulum.
I zode impact:A test specimen,
usually of square crossed section
is notched and held between a
pair of jaws, to be broken by a
swinging or falling weight.
7/28/2019 STUDIES ON MECHANICAL BEHAVIOUR OF NEWLY DEVELOPING BEARING ALLOY
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FATIGUE TEST
The effect on metal of repeatedcycles of stress.
Fractures usually start from
small nicks or scratches orfillets which cause a localized
concentration of stress.
Properties: Fatigue strength
Fatigue life
Fatigue limit
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Two Types of Fatigue
High cycle
Low cycle
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S-n curve
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CORROSION TEST
Electrochemical oxidation of
metals in reaction with an
oxidant such as oxygen.
Rusting, the formation of iron
oxides.
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REFERENCES
Kwai S. Chan, Southwest Research Institute, Roles of microstructure in fatigue
crack initiation.
Joel Payne a, Greg Welsh a, Robert J. Christ Jr. b, Jerrell Nardiello , John M.
Papazian, Northrop Grumman Integrated Systems, Bethpage, Observations of fatigue
crack initiation in 7075-T651.
Aiguo Zhao, Jijia Xie, Chengqi Sun, Zhengqiang Lei, Youshi Hong, State Key
Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics, Institute of Mechanics, Effects of strength level
and loading frequency on very-high-cycle fatigue behavior for a bearing steel.
M.C. Mwanza , M.R. Joyce , K.K. Lee , S. Syngellakis , P.A.S. Reed, Materials
Research Group, School of Engineering Sciences, University of Southampton,
Microstructural characterisation of fatigue crack initiation in Al-based plain bearing
alloys.
7/28/2019 STUDIES ON MECHANICAL BEHAVIOUR OF NEWLY DEVELOPING BEARING ALLOY
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Contd..
K. Sadananda , S. Sarkar , D. Kujawski , A.K. Vasudevan ,A
Technical Data Analysis, VA, United States, A two-parameter
analysis of SN fatigue life using and max
Q.Y. Wang , N. Kawagoishi , Q. Chen, A Department of
Engineering Mechanics, Sichuan University, Fatigue and fracture
behaviour of structural Al-alloys up to very long life regimes.
Ali Merati *, Graeme Eastaugh, National Research Council
Canada, Institute for Aerospace Research, Montreal Road, M-13,
Ottawa, Canada ON K1A 0R6, Determination of fatigue related
discontinuity state of 7000 series of aerospace aluminum alloys.
7/28/2019 STUDIES ON MECHANICAL BEHAVIOUR OF NEWLY DEVELOPING BEARING ALLOY
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Contd..
R. Sadeler , Y. Totik, M. Gavgal, I. Kaymaz, Department of
Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ataturk
University, Improvements of fatigue behaviour in 2014 Al alloy by
solution heat treating and age hardening.
Akira Ueno, Susumu Miyakawa, Koji Yamada, and Tomoyuki
Sugiyama, A College of Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan
Univ., Fatigue behavior of die casting aluminum alloys in air and
vacuum.
A. Tauqir, I. Salam, A. ul Haq, A.Q. Khan, Metallurgy Division,
Dr A.Q. Khan Research Laboratories, Causes of fatigue failure in
the main bearing of an aeroengine