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Study and Analysis of the Infiniti G35
Navigation SystemPresented by
Swaroop Dinakar
Armin Hosseiny
Elayaraj Sivaraj
Introduction
Navigation systems used by millions around the world
Used as a part of an in-car navigation system, dedicated navigators, smart phones
Provide turn by turn instructions and efficient route calculation
Provide information on “Points of Interest”
Update traffic and roadwork information
Get rid of large and confusing maps
Men no longer have to forcedly stop to ask for directions
System Description
• Infiniti G35 Navigation System• Custom built and dedicated interface• 6” display ad manual button based
interface• Input system: button/key• Output system: visual and voice• Only dedicated navigation system• Preloaded maps on DVD drive, no
active network connection except GPS
Usability Heuristics Visibility of the System:
Provides zoomed split screen and additive information display
Provides information on the screen without display clutter
Poor feedback- Relative motion of joystick to cursor
The descriptions on key do not convey actual function of the key
Match between the system and the real world:
Depicts road signs and highway numbers consistently
Maps accurately map the real world streets and locations to the right scale
Features that are expected to fall under the same group are separated- High process proximity but low display proximity
No QWERTY Input method
User Control and Freedom
Quick exit from all menus
Multiple methods to access similar settings can lead to confusion as to access paths to them
No Menu to submenu interface
Loss of affordance in knob motion
Consistency and Standards
Menu displays have consistent menu configuration
Size of buttons/keys irregular
Error Prevention
Appropriate dialogue boxes while cancelling tasks
Quick rerouting ability to guide through any missed directions
Recognition rather than recall
Well placed information assists and map indicators
Flexibility and efficiency of use
Need for expert knowledge attained by user through practice
Repetition of tasks through less understanding of system functions
Aesthetic and minimalistic design
Good aesthetic design
Excessive number of buttons
Help users recognize, diagnose, and recover from errors
Absence of error messages when address not identified by the system
Help and documentation
Lack of video tutorial to use system
No help or guidance menu, manual only source of information
Replaceable/Re-allocatable Button Functionalities
• Back: Returns to the previous screen during set-up.
• Cancel: Cancels operations or the route guidance.
• Route: Displays the setting menu screen at the time of route calculation.
• Dest: for “Destination”, displays the “Set a Destination” menu.
• Map: Toggles between the intersection and the map during route guidance. Returns to the map screen from the settings screen.
Current Button Functions
Button Merging
• Back and Cancel• Never have distinct functions at the
same time• Similar to how phones operate, can
be merged
Redundancy
• Route and Destination• Navigation related functions• Not redundant but can cause
ambiguity• Single Button: Navigation
Similarity in Function
Renaming Buttons
• Map: Toggles between views
• Inaccurate Naming• Renaming it Toggle
ViewGulf of
Evaluation
Intuitive Input Method
Analog based input method
“Enter” joystick on the console can afford twisting
Natural mapping
Twisting the joystick clockwise would zoom in on the map and twisting the joystick left would zoom out of the map
Method of Evaluation
Used a group of people
Interacted with both systems
Responded to given commands by choosing a button
Responses were recorded
Probabilities were calculated
Information Theory
Commands/Stimuli
Created based on functionality of previous layout to avoid losing information conveyed
12 buttons = 12 Stimuli
Expected button responses are shown belowSTIMULI BUTTON Voice Activation VoiceNavigation Settings RouteSettings SettingsVehicle Information InfoToggle View MapChoosing Address DestinationBrightness BrightnessCancel Operation CancelZoom In Zoom InZoom Out Zoom OutPrevious Screen BackAccept Decision Enter
Response Probabilities (Old System)Response
Stimulus Voice Route Settings Info Map Destination Brightness Cancel Zoom In Zoom Out Back Enter P(Si)
Voice Activation0.08
0.08
Navigation Settings0.04 0.04
0.08
Settings0.08
0.08
Vehicle Information0.08
0.08
Toggle View0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02
0.08
Choosing Address0.04 0.04
0.08
Brightness0.08
0.08
Cancel Operation0.08
0.08
Zoom In0.08
0.08
Zoom Out0.08
0.08
Return to Previous Screen0.08
0.08
Accept Action/Decision 0.08
0.08
P(Rj) 0.08 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.06 0.04 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 1.00
Response Probabilities (Old System) Areas of Confusion
Navigation Settings Route/Map
Toggle View Route/Settings/Info/Map
Choosing Address Route/Destination
Commands\Stimuli (New System)STIMULI BUTTON
Voice ActivationVoice
BrightnessBrightness
Choosing AddressNavigation
Navigation SettingsNavigation
Toggle ViewToggle View
Zoom InZoom/Enter
Zoom OutZoom/Enter
Accept DecisionZoom/Enter
Vehicle InformationInfo
SettingsSettings
Previous ScreenBack/Cancel
Cancel OperationBack/Cancel
Response Probabilities (New System) Response
Stimulus Voice Brightness Navigation Toggle/View Zoom/Enter Info Settings Back/Cancel P(Si)
Voice Activation0.13 0.13
Brightness0.13 0.13
Choosing Address 0.065 0.065 0.13
Navigation Settings
Toggle View0.13 0.13
Zoom In
0.13 0.13Zoom Out
Accept Action/Decision
Vehicle Information0.13 0.13
Settings0.13 0.13
Return to Previous Screen 0.13 0.13
Cancel Operation
P(Rj)0.13 0.13 0.065 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.195 0.13
1.00
Response Probabilities (New System) Areas of Confusion
Navigation Settings Navigation/Settings
New System
Old System
Choosing Address
Toggle View
Navigation Settings
Navigation Settings
Confusion Scale
Information ParametersOld System New System Difference
Hs 3.5632 3.0535 0.5097
Hr 3.5295 3.0044 0.5251
Hsr 3.8832 3.1759 0.7073
Ht 3.2095 2.8821 0.3274
H-Loss 0.35 0.17 0.18
Noise 0.32 0.12 0.20
Final Comparison Clear reduction in incorrect responses
Fewer number of buttons
Reduction in H-loss and Noise
Old System New System0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
0.4
H-LossNoise
NAVIGATION
ROUTE
DESTINATION
DESTINAION
PREVIOUS DESTINATION
STREET ADDRESS
POINTS OF INTEREST
ADDRESS BOOK
NAVIGATION
ALT ROUTE
START ROUTE
NAVIGATION
ROUTE
DESTINATION
ROUTE
EDIT ROUTE
CANCEL ROUTE
ROUTE INFORMATION
ROUTE PRIORITY
ROUTE INFO
NAVIGATION
ROUTE
DESTINATION
NAVIGATION
ROUTE
DESTINATION
DESTINAION
PREVIOUS DESTINATION
STREET ADDRESS
POINTS OF INTEREST
ADDRESS BOOK
Activate/Deactivate voice
Day/Night Switch
Toggle View
INFO
MY LOCATION
VEHICLE INFO
HELP
ABOUT
INFO Menu
Sky Is The Limit- Leap Motion + Voice Control
3D spatial gesture recognition
Uses LED emitters projecting Infrared rays which are picked up by Infrared Cameras
Has a range of 1 meter
Specific task allotment to gesture + voice input
Voice and Auditory feedback
Wireless Cellphone Synchronization
Multimedia Integration
• First they aim for the destination
• If they want to zoom in or zoom out
• Then they select the destination and start driving
• While driving, if they want to hover the map
• And if they want to see toggle view
Why leap motion is awesome
Reduced visual workload and distractions
Button-less interaction
Reduced reaction and response time
User friendly
Motions are naturally mapped
Voice commands are consistent with general usage
Learnability and Understandability are high
Reduced system interaction time
High Satisfaction