Studying Distribution System Hydraulics and Flow Dynamics

Studying Distribution System Hydraulics and

Flow Dynamics to Improve Water Utility

Operational Decision Making

Operational Decision Support System

Validation Report

Prepared for the

National Institute for Hometown Security

368 N. Hwy 27

Somerset, KY 42503

August 20, 2014

Acknowledgements:

This research was funded through funds provided by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security,

administered by the National Institute for Hometown Security, under an Other Transactions

Agreement, OTA #HSHQDC-07-3-00005, Subcontract #02-10-UK.

This research involved the following project partners:

Name

Address

Contact Information

L. Sebastian Bryson University of Kentucky

Department of Civil Engineering,

Lexington, KY 40506

Tel: 859.257.3247

Fax: 859.257.4404

[email protected]

Scott Yost University of Kentucky

Department of Civil Engineering,

Lexington, KY 40506

Tel: 859.257.4816

Fax: 859.257.4404

[email protected]

Andrew N.S. Ernest The Environmental Institute

Civil Engineering

The University of Alabama

Tuscaloosa, AL 35487

Tel: 205-348-0741

Fax: 205-348-9659

[email protected]

Robert E. Reed University of Missouri

Water Resources Research Center

& Center for Sustainable Energy

E2509 Laferre Hall

Columbia, MO 65211

Tel: 573.884.6162

Fax: 573.884.2766

[email protected]

James G. Uber University of Cincinnati

Department of Civil and

Environmental Engineering

Cincinnati, OH 45221

Tel: 513.556.3643

Fax: 513.556.2599

[email protected]

Dominic Boccelli University of Cincinnati

Department of Civil and

Environmental Engineering

Cincinnati, OH 45221

Tel: (513) 375-6901

Fax: (513) 556-2599

[email protected]

Doug Wood KYPIPE LLC

710Toms Creek Rd

Cary, NC 27519

Tel: (859)-263-0401

[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]





1

1.0 Introduction

1.1 Background

The United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS) has established 18 sectors of

infrastructure and resource areas that comprise a network of critical physical, cyber, and human

assets. One of these sectors is the Water Sector. The Water Sector Research and Development

Working Group has stated that water utilities would benefit from a clearer and more consistent

understanding of their system flow dynamics. Understanding flow dynamics is important to

interpreting water quality measurements and to inform basic operational decision making of the

water utility. Such capabilities are critical for utilities to be able to identify when a possible attack

has occurred as well as knowing how to respond in the event of such an attack. This research

sought to better understand the impact of water distribution system flow dynamics in addressing

such issues. In particular, the project: (1) evaluated the efficacy and resiliency of the real-time

hydraulic/water quality model using stored SCADA data in order to understand the potential

accuracy of such models, and understand the relationship between observed water quality changes

and network flow dynamics, and (2) developed a toolkit for use by water utilities to select the

appropriate level of operational tools in support of their operational needs.

1.2 Operational Decision Support System

The Water Distribution System Operational Decision Support System (WDSODSS) has been

developed to assist water utilities in designing a monitoring/control system for their water

distribution system that will provide water distribution system data (WDSD) for use in support of

various system operations. Such data could include both general operational data as determined

from either real time telemetry or off-line computer models, or on-line data (including data from

both hydraulic and water quality sensors). Operational applications could include 1) energy

management, 2) water quality management, 3) emergency response management, and 4) event

detection.

The operational support data, information, an tools that have been developed as part of this project

have been arranged in an operational hierarchy that can be visualized in a ladder of components,

in which each rung on the ladder will be dependent upon the previous rung. The three basic

components or rungs included in the operational decision support system are illustrated below.

These include 1) Hardware: Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System (SCADA), 2)

Software: Graphical representation and analysis 3) Hardware/Software Integration: Analytics and

Modeling.

2

Figure 1. Components of the Operational Decision Support System

1.3 Decision Support System Architecture

The decision support system has been developed to allow the user to access the different

operational components through two different methods: 1) an explicit decisional response path

based on predetermined decisional decision trees (e.g, flowcharts) or 2) an implicit evolving

decisional response path as developed an expert system inference engine in response to sequential

answers as provided through the user interface (see Figure 1). The explicit response path is

supported through a customized website: www.uky.edu/WaterSecurity. The implicit response path

is supported through a stand-alone toolkit that can either be run on the web or on a Android cell

phone. The toolkit uses expert system technology to guide the user through the associated

content. The overall structure of the decision support system is summarized in Figure 2.

Hardware: Sensors and SCADA

Software: Graphical Representation and Analysis

Hardware/Software Integration:Analytics and Modeling

3

Figure 2. Decision Support System Architecture

User

Question

Data & Facts

ExplicitDecisional Response:

Predetermined Decision Tree

ImplicitDecisional Response:

Traditional Expert System

Model Results

Model Results

Responses/Recommendations

Fact Sheets WebLinksReports

4

2.0 Decision Support System Evaluation Workshops

In order to validate the utility of the WDSODSS, a day-long workshop was held on August 20th,

2014 at the University of Kentucky. The workshop was attended by 16 people representing eight

different water utilities. A summary of the water utilities who participated is provided in Table 1.

Table 2.1 Summary of Workshop Participants

Utility Name Number of Customers Average Day Demand (MG)

Bath County Water District 3,717 0.95

Bardstown Municipal Water Department

11,039 3.95

Laurel Water District #2 5,881 1.17

Leitchfield Utilities 2,821 1.55

Morehead Utility Plant Board 3,356 4.22

Morehead State University 6,501 0.31

Kentucky-American Water Co. 104,836 30.05

Carrollton Utilities 1,623 0.74

The workshop consisted of a series of presentations on the different content and components of the

WDSODSS along with several hands-on sessions in which the participants were able to use the

Graphical Flow Model as developed for the project. An outline of the presentation is provided in Table

2.2. A copy of the workshop notes is provided in Appendix A.

5

Table 2.2 Workshop Outline

• Project Resources

• Hardware Options

– Sensors and controllers

– SCADA interface

– Communication options

– Operator interface

– Design & build options

– Sensor placement

• Guidance

• Software

• Software Options

– Data Requirements

– Graphical Flow Model

• Overview

• Data management features

• Pipe break analysis

• Flow/pressure analysis

– Model calibration

– KYPIPE

• Extended period analysis

• Water quality analysis

• Hardware/software integration

– Utility survey

– Data analytics

– Real time operation

6

3.0 Decision Support System Evaluation Workshop Assessment

During the course of the workshop, the workshop participants were asked to respond to a series of

questions about their utility as well as the content of the workshop. Input was obtained anonymously

using electronic transmitters purchased from Turning Point. In collecting the data, participants were

asked to select from a set of possible responses which were shown on a screen via an embedded

PowerPoint presentation. The compiled results were then shown to the group in real time. A summary

of the various questions and the associated participant response are provided in Figures 3.1 to 3.32.

A summary of the results of the survey are provided as follows:

1) Water quality was identified as the greatest operational challenge.

2) At least 70% of the respondents indicated they would likely utilize the online resources developed as

part of this research.

3) The majority of the respondents indicated they were interested in participating in either a utility

partner program or sponsoring a summer intern at their utility.

4) The cost to replace existing telemetry or SCADA systems was identified anywhere from $25,000 to

greater than $1,000,000.

5) The majority of surveyed utilities utilize radio as their primary communication network.

6) Of those system that do have a SCADA system, 90% maintain a historical database. Of those that

do, all indicated they use the data to evaluate their operational strategies.

7) At least 40% of the utilities have water quality sensors in their distribution system, and an additional

40% considering installing them.

8) 30% of the respondents indicated they did not have a computer model for their water distribution

system.

9) KYPIPE was indicated as the vendor most used for those systems that have a computer model.

10) The majority of utilities that have a model use it for planning scenarios.

11) Most utilities maintain data about their system in a GIS database.

12) 100% of the respondents saw a potential use of the Graphical Flow Model for predicting flows and

pressures in their systems.

13) Over 50% of the respondents envision using the Graphical Flow Model for managing a pipe break.

7

14) The majority of the respondents indicated a likely desire to upgrade the Graphical Flow Model to

KYPIPE.

15) Over 70% of the respondents indicated they would be likely to use a computer model to conduct a

water quality analysis.

16) Over 70% of the respondents indicated that the optimal placement of water quality sensors was

important.

17) Nearly 70% of the respondents indicated that the ability to analyze system analytics in a real time

environment is important.

18) Nearly 70% of the respondents indicated that the ability to have a real-time model of their system

was important

19) The majority of the participants (53%), found the material on the Graphical Flow Model was the

most useful part of the workshop.

20) The overview on free resources and insights on hardware and SCADA, were identified as the least

useful parts of the workshop.

21) Over 50% of the respondents rated the workshop a 9 on a scale of 1 to 9, with 9 = excellent. An

additional 30% of the respondents gave the workshop a score of 7 or 8. No one scored the workshop

less than a 6. As a result, it was concluded the participants felt the workshop either met or exceeded

their expectations.

8

Table 3.1 What is the size of your utility?

Number of Customers Responses

(percent)

< 1000 customers 6.25%

1,000 to 2,000 0%

2,000 to 5,000 31.25%

5,000 to 10,000 37.50%

10,000 to 25,000 6.25%

25,000 to 50,000 0%

50,000 to 100,000 0%

> 100,000 customers 18.75%

Percent Total 100%

Table 3.2 What is your average daily summer demand?

Avg. Daily Summer Demands Responses

(percent)

< .5 MGD 18.75%

.5 to 1 MGD 0%

1 to 2 MGD 25%

2 to 5 MGD 31.25%

5 to 10 MGD 6.25%

10 to 25 MGD 0%

25 to 50 MGD 18.75%

50 to 75 MGD 0%

> 75 MGD 0%

Percent Total 100%

Table 3.3 What is your greatest operational challenge?

Operational Challenges Responses

(percent)

Maintaining adequate fire flows 12.50%

Maintaining adequate pressures 12.50%

Maintaining good water quality 31.25%

Leaks/unaccounted for water 25%

Insufficient storage 6.25%

Inefficient pumps 0%

Energy consumption 0%

Customer complaints 12.50%

Other 0%

Percent Total 100%

9

Table 3.4 How likely would you be to utilize online resources in

support of operational issues?

Possible Responses Responses

(percent)

Highly likely 29.41%

Generally likely 41.18%

Unsure 29.41%

Generally unlikely 0%

Highly unlikely 0%

Percent Total 100%

Table 3.5 How likely would you be to participate in the UK Utility Partner Program?


(percent)



Unsure 53.33%


Highly unlikely 0%

Percent Total 100%

Table 3.6 How interested would you be in having a summer intern student?

Level of Interest Responses

(percent)

Highly interested 25%

Generally interested 43.75%

Unsure 31.25%

Generally not interested 0%

No interest 0%

Percent Total 100%

Table 3.7 What type of operational hardware do you have for your distribution system?

Operational Hardware Responses

(percent)

None 12.50%

Electronic telemetry on pumps 6.25%

Electronic telemetry on pumps and tanks 37.50%

Electronic controls on pumps and tanks 6.25%

SCADA system with RTUs 6.25%

SCADA system with PLCs 31.25%

Not sure 0%

Percent Total 100%

10

Table 3.8 What are your reasons for not having a more comprehensive system?

Reasons Responses

(percent)

No perceived need 6.25%

Hardware costs 12.50%

Software costs 12.50%

Personnel costs 0%

Other 12.50%

Multiple reasons 50%

Not sure 6.25%

Percent Total 100%

Table 3.9 How much would it cost to replace your existing system?

Cost Responses

(percent)

< $10,000 0%

$10,000 to $25,000 6.25%

$25,000 to $50,000 0%

$50,000 to $100,000 12.50%

$100,000 to $250,000 18.75%

$250,000 to $500,000 6.25%

$500,000 to $1,000,000 12.50%

> $1,000,000 18.75%

Not sure 25%

Percent Total 100%

Table 3.10 What type of communications network do you have?

Types of Communication Networks

Responses

(percent)

Telephone 14.29%

Fiber optic 7.14%

Coaxial cable 0%

Radio 42.86%

Wi-Fi 0%

Microwave 0%

Cellular 7.14%

Satellite 0%

Not sure 28.57%

Percent Total 100%

11

Table 3.11 Does your SCADA system provide a backup for historical data?


(percent)

Yes 71.43%

No 7.14%

Not sure 0%

Don’t have a SCADA system 21.43%

Percent Total 100%

Table 3.12 Do you ever use historical data to help evaluate your operational strategies?


(percent)

Yes 80%

No 0%

Not sure 6.67%

Only have limited historical data 13.33%

Don’t have historical data 0%

Percent Total 100%

Table 3.13 Do you have any water quality sensors in your distribution system?

Water Quality Sensors Responses

(percent)

Yes – conductivity 0%

Yes – chlorine 28.57%

Yes – TOC 0%

Yes – other constituents 14.29%

No – not likely to install 7.14%

No – but considering 42.86%

Not sure 7.14%

Percent Total 100%

Table 3.14 Does your utility have a computer model of their water distribution system?


(percent)

Yes – we have our own in-house model 38.46%

Yes – we use a consultant model 30.77%

No 30.77%

Not sure 0%

Percent Total 100%

12

Table 3.15 Which model vendor do you use?

Vendors Responses

(percent)

KYPIPE 41.67%

Innovyze 0%

Bentley 0%

EPA 8.33%

Other 16.67%

We don’t have a model 33.33%

Percent Total 100%

Table 3.16 If you do not use a model, why not?

Reasons Responses

(percent)

Lack of data 0%

Cost of software 15.38%

Lack of funds to support staffing 15.38%

No perceived need 0%

Lack of administrative support 23.08%

Other reasons 0%

We have a model 46.15%

Percent Total 100%

Table 3.17 What is your model mainly used for?

Uses Responses

(percent)

Planning scenarios 57.14%

Fire-flow analysis 7.14%

Assets management 7.14%

Operational what-ifs 0%

Water quality 0%

Energy 0%

Main flushing 0%

We have no model 28.57%

Percent Total 100%

13

Table 3.18 How are the data for your system organized and maintained?

Data Storage Responses

(percent)

Physical map of the system 7.69%

Physical card drawer 0%

As built drawings 7.69%

Computer database 0%

AM/FM system 0%

GIS coverage/database 84.62%

Computer model 0%

Percent Total 100%

Table 3.19 Which features of the Graphical Flow Model do you find most helpful?

Features Responses

(percent)

System asset and data management 7.14%

Mapping 7.14%

Pipe break analysis 21.43%

Flow/pressure analysis 57.14%

Report Generation 7.14%

Percent Total 100%

Table 3.20 How likely would you be to use a computer model to

manage your physical assets?


(percent)



Unsure 28.57%


Highly unlikely 7.14%

Percent Total 100%

14

Table 3.21 How likely would you be to use a computer model to predict flows and pressures in

your system?


(percent)



Unsure 0%


Highly unlikely 0%

Percent Total 100%

Table 3.22 How likely would you be to use a computer model to manage a pipe break event?


(percent)



Unsure 15.38%

Generally unlikely 7.69%

Highly unlikely 0%

Percent Total 100%

Table 3.23 How interested would you be in having a UK student work with your utility to verify

the data in your model?


(percent)

Highly interested 33.33%

Potentially interested 25%

Unsure 25%

Not interested 16.67%

Percent Total 100%

Table 3.24 How interested would you be in having a UK student work with your utility to

calibrate your model?


(percent)

Highly interested 25%

Potentially interested 33.33%

Unsure 25%

Not interested 16.67%

Percent Total 100%

15

Table 3.25 How likely would you be to upgrade the graphical flow model to KYPIPE?


(percent)



Unsure 23.08%


Highly unlikely 0%

Percent Total 100%

Table 3.26 How likely would you be to use a computer model to conduct a water quality analysis?


(percent)



Unsure 25%


Highly unlikely 0%

Percent Total 100%

Table 3.27 How important is the optimal placement of water quality sensors?

Level of Importance Responses

(percent)

Very important 54.55%

Generally important 18.18%

Unsure 27.27%

Not important 0%

Percent Total 100%

Table 3.28 How important to your utility is an ability to analyze system analytics in a real time

environment?


(percent)


Generally important 50%

Unsure 33.33%

Not important 0%

Percent Total 100%

16

Table 3.29 How important to your utility is an ability to have a real-time model of your system?


(percent)


Generally important 54.55%

Unsure 36.36%

Not important 0%

Percent Total 100%

Table 3.30 Which part of today’s workshop was most useful?

Parts of Workshop Responses

(percent)

Free resources 15.38%

Insights on operations 15.38%

Insights on hardware/SCADA 0%

Graphical flow model data management 23.08%

Graphical flow model flow/pressure analysis 30.77%

Leaving with a model of your own system 0%

Insights on model calibration 7.69% Insights on advanced modeling (water quality) 0%

Hardware/software integration 7.69%

Percent Total 100%

Table 3.31 Which part of today’s workshop was least useful?

Parts of Workshop Responses

(percent)

Free resources 25%

Insights on operations 0%

Insights on hardware/SCADA 25%

Graphical flow model – data management 0% Graphical flow model – flow/pressure analysis 0%

Leaving with a model of your own system 16.67%

Insights on model calibration 8.33%

Insights on advance modeling (water quality) 16.67%

Hardware/software integration 8.33%

Percent Total 100%

17

Table 3.32 How Useful was today’s workshop?


(percent)

Very Useful 53.85%

** 23.08%

*** 7.69%

**** 15.38%

***** 0%

****** 0%

******* 0%

******** 0%

Not Useful 0%

Percent Total 100%

18

APPENDIX A: Workshop Notes

19

•

H ld i th t i t ? C I d th

Improved Network Operations Through Decision Support and Computer Modeling

Lindell Ormsbee, P.E., Ph.D., Sebastian Bryson, P.E. Ph.D.

Scott Yost, P.E., Ph.D

University of Kentucky

Abdoul A. Oubeidillah, Ph.D., Andrew N.S. Ernest, Ph.D., P.E.,

Joseph L. Gutenson

University of Alabama

Jim Uber, P.E., Ph.D, Dominic Boccelli, Ph.D

University of Cincinnati

Srini Lingireddy, Ph.D, KYPIPE, LLC.

Outline • Introduction





www.uky.edu/WaterSecurity 1 2

Project Goal • To assist water utilities in improving the

operation of their water distribution systems in support of:

– Normal operations

– Emergency operations

• Natural events

• Man made events

WDS Operational Objectives

• Maintain Adequate Flows and Pressures

• Minimize Water Quality Problems

• Minimize Operational Cost

• Schedule Maintenance

• Emergency Response

Research Knowledge Tools

4

Operational Questions

• Can I provide adequate fire protection at a particular location in my system?

• Can I add a new development to my system without negatively affecting pressures and fire protection elsewhere?

• How old is the water in my system? Can I decrease the water age by changing: – Valve settings – Pump operations – Tank operations

• How long will it take to fill or drain my tanks under: – Normal conditions? – Emergency conditions?

Operational Questions • How can I isolate leaks in my system?

• How can I increase pressure in my systems?

• How can I increase the reliability of my system?

• How will my system perform if I have to:

– Close a particular valve

– Isolate a particular tank

– Shut down a particular pump

• Which valves do I need to close to isolate a pipe break? What are the impacts on pressures and flows?

5 6

http://www.uky.edu/WaterSecurity

20

SCADA t /S Pl t

Water Distribution System Operations Hierarchy

Real Time Operations

• Website

Free Resources

On‐Line Water Quality Model

On‐Line Hydraulic Model

System Analytics

Integration

– http://www.uky.edu/WaterSecurity/

• Toolkit – http://www.water‐wizard.org /wds

• Guidance – SCADA systems/Sensor Placement

– Water System Modeling/Model Calibration

Operator Interface

Telemetry/Communication Systems

RTUs/PLCs

Hydraulic /Water Quality Sensors

Off‐Line Water Quality Model

Off‐Line Hydraulic Model

Spatial Visualization Model

Physical Map of System

– Real Time Analytics and Modeling

• Software (Graphical Flow Model) – www.kypipe.com/client_downloads

• Utility database


• Pipe break analysis 8

Hardware – Site Specific Software – Total System

• UK

Partnership Model Water Distribution System Operations Website

– Build GFM of utility system – Visit utility to gain better understanding of system – Develop data collection plan – Assist utility in data collection – Calibrate model – Help migration of model to more advanced software

• Utility – Provide additional data for model – Meet with students – Collect appropriate data – Support of student summer internship ($) – Purchase of more advanced software ($)

• PURPOSE: To assist water

utilities with operation.

• Operational Applications

– Normal Operations

– Emergency Response Management

– Water Quality Management

– Energy Management

– Event Detection

9 www.uky.edu/WaterSecurity 10

WDS Operational Decision Support Tool User Defined Decisional Process (Guidance)

User

Defined Decisional

Process

User Assisted

Decisional Process

User Defined

Decisional Process

User Assisted

Decisional Process

11 12

http://www.uky.edu/WaterSecurity/

http://www.kypipe.com/client_downloads

http://www.uky.edu/WaterSecurity

21

13

User Assisted Decisional Process (toolkit)

User

Defined Decisional

Process

User Assisted

Decisional Process

14

WDS Toolkit

22

Survey 1

24

23

( l )




Hardware

Supervisory Control and Data


System Analytics

Integration

Acquisition (SCADA) Operator Interface




RTUs/PLCs



25

Physical Map of System


• Introduction


Outline

SCADA Functions • Hardware Options

– Sensors and controllers

– SCADA interface

– Communication options

– Operator interface

– Design & build options

– Sensor placement • Guidance

• Software • Software Options


• Data Acquisition (Collection)

• Data Communication (Monitoring)

• Data Presentation (Display)

• Component Operation (Control)

27 28

SCADA Components Hydraulic Sensors

• Sensors and Controllers

• SCADA Interface Units

• Communications Network

• Operator Interface

• Types of Hydraulic Sensors

– Pressure Sensors

Sensors/Controllers RTUs, PLCs Communications Operator Interface

– Flow Sensors

29 30

24

Conductivity Sensor

Hydraulic Sensors

• Sources of Hydraulic Sensors:

– ABB, abb.com

– Ashcroft, ashcroft.com

– Holykell, holykell.com

– Honeywell, honeywell.com

– Keyence, keyence.com

– Truck, truck‐usa.com

Water Quality Sensors

• Types of Water Quality Sensors

– Chlorine Residual Sensor

– TOC Sensor

– Turbidity Sensor

– Conductivity Sensor

– pH Sensor

– ORP Sensor ‐

31 32

Water Quality Sensors

• Sources of Water Quality Sensors

– ABB, abb.com

– GE, ge.com

– Hach, hach.com

– Siemens, siemens.com

– Emerson, emersonprocess.com

– Yokogawa, yokogawa.com/us

33

Water Quality Monitoring Stations

34

Control Equipment (Pumps) Control Equipment (PRVs)

35 36

25

39

T i ll i f b hi h i

40

41

Control Equipment (Control Valves)

37

SCADA Interface Units

• Remote Telemetry Units (RTU1s)

• Remote Terminal Units (RTU2s)

• Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs)

38

RTU: Remote Telemetry Unit

• Field interface unit compatible with the SCADA system language

• Convert electronic signals received from field sensors (i.e. pressure sensors, tank level sensors, etc.) into protocol and transmit data to the SCADA Master

• Typically consist of a box which contains a microprocessor and a database

RTU: Remote Terminal Unit • Field interface unit compatible with the SCADA

system language

• Convert electronic signals received from field sensors (i.e. pressure sensors, tank level sensors, etc.) into protocol and transmit data to the SCADA Master

• Typically consist of a box which contains a microprocessor and a database

PLC: Programmable Logic Controller SCADA “Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition”

• Basic alternative to RTU; higher cost

• Typical components include

– CPU

• A digital computer used to

monitor and control certain aspects of equipment such

as motor speed, valve

2 Supervisory Control Schemes Control

– Memory

– Control Software actuation, and other functions

Hierarchical Control Distributed Control

– Power Supply

– Input/Output Modules

Control

Control

Control

RTU

RTU

Monitor Instruct

Monitor Instruct

Monitor

Instruct

PLC

PLC

Control

Control

PLC Control

RTU 42

26

Control Schemes: Advantages/Disadvantages

Hierarchical Control Distributed Control

Communications Network

• Communications Systems – Hardwired

ADVANTAGES:

• Low cost (RTUs vs. PLCs)

DISADVANTAGES:

• Inability to operate in case of communication failure

• Potential problems from data transmission rates and computer scan rates

ADVANTAGES:

• Normal operations maintained despite communications failure • Potential differences are minimized for scan and transmission rates

DISADVANTAGES:

• High cost (PLCs vs. RTUs)

43

– Wireless

• Security Issues – Perimeter Security

– Interior Security

– Transport Security

• Security Components – Authentication (who are you?)

– Authorization (what are you allowed to do?)

– Accounting (who did what?) 44

Hardwired Systems Wireless Systems

45 46

SCADA Master

• Central Computer

• User Interface

• Software

Typical Software Features

• Point and pick command structure using interactive graphics.

• Simultaneous graphical display trending of multiple variables.

• Historical trending of all database parameters. • Real time annunciation of system alarms utilizing

single key graphic access. • Alarm and system status differentiation. • Advisory statements on critical system status. • Ability for authorized operator to remotely

change set points in remote stations. 47 48

27

reports and logs

53

54

Typical Software Features

• Ability for authorized operator to create new or modify existing displays, and create new or modify existing report format with minimal computer programming skills.

• Automatic printing of routine preformatted reports and logs.

• Capability to provide graphic screen dumps. • Ability to interface with other standard software

packages. • Authorized accessibility of system database by

engineering or management computers. • A report generation package. 49

SCADA Design Strategies • Design‐Build

– Greater product knowledge

– Decrease outsourcing time and trouble

– More efficient project management

– Vendor partnerships

– Cost

• Design‐Bid‐Build – Greater control

– Potential for less cost

– Greater flexibility in equipment

– Less efficient project management

– Outsourcing time and trouble

50

Design‐Bid‐Build Options Section Considerations Engage a qualified

engineer or design

professional

Design-Bid-Build, Typical

Begin the design

process for complete set of plans and

specs

Obtain bids from multiple qualified

contractors to build project per plans and

specs

Engage a contractor

to complete project

• Quality Standard Certifications

– ISO 9000

– TL 9000 Engage a qualified

engineer or design

professional

Begin the design

process for complete set of plans and

specs

Owner purchases equipment specified in plans and

specs

Obtain bids from multiple

qualified contractors to

install purchased equipment

Engage a contractor to

complete project

• Experience and Client Testimonials

• Vendor Partnerships

• Compare Prices, but balance quality and time

Design-Bid-Build, Owner Equipment Purchase

Engage a qualified

engineer or design

professional

Produce a

“performance specification”

design

Obtain bids from multiple qualified

contractors to build project per

performance spec

Engage a contractor to

complete project

Design-Bid-Build, Performance Specification 51 52

28

D i f i j i (1 h )

Water Quality Sensor Placement

• Placement Software

INPUT

Sensor Location Tool

OUTPUT

–TEVA SPOT

–KYPIPE

• General guidelines

–Single sensor placement

•Graphical method

•Simplified graphical method 55

• Number of sensors to be placed in system

• Mass injection rate of

contaminant (1000 mg/min)

• Duration of injection (1 hr)

* Be sure you are using an

Extended Period Simulation

(EPS)

• Optimal sensor placement locations within system

• Contamination Report

Sensor Placement Guidance Procedure

1. Determine type of system configuration.

2. Select “critical” tank.

3. Draw a circle of influence around ideal tank

based on a “critical diameter”.

4. Identify all nodes within the circle as possible

sensor locations.

5. Assign a score to each node.

6. Rank the nodes based on the score and select the

node with the lowest score.

1. Determine Type of System (A) (B) (C)

57 58

(A) Branch; (B) Loop; (C) Grid

2. Select the “Critical” Tank

• Assign a point to the tank that: –Is furthest downstream from the WTP –Has the lowest maximum water level –Has the lowest minimum water level –Has the lowest ground elevation

Illustration of Step 2

–Has the smallest volume Tank

Elevation (ft)

HGL

(Max

HGL

(Min

Diameter

(ft)

Volume

(ft³)

Most

Down‐

Interior

Location?

Point

Total

• Pick the interior tank with the most level ‐ ft) level ‐ft) stream?

points T‐1 1344.8 1465 1430 99 269419 No Yes 0

T‐2 1338.9 1450 1430 68 72634 No Yes 0

T‐3 1348.3 1465 1440 60 70686 No No 1

T‐4 1232.8 1425 1400 60 70686 Yes Yes 5

59 60

29

R di (ft) 1 6*A

66

3. Draw Circle Around Tank

• Loop or Grid Systems:

–Radius (ft) = ‐.05*(Lp / As) + 4150

• Branch System

–Radius (ft) = 1.6*As + 150

Where: • Lp = total length of all pipes in the system (ft)

• As = approximate area of system (mi2)

61


62

4. Identify the nodes within the circle as possible sensor locations.

• Exclude any node that is a dead end node.

• If the remaining number of nodes < 10, gradually enlarge the circle until you have at least 10 nodes to choose from.

63


64

5. Assign a score to each node 6. Rank the nodes and choose the

node with the smallest score

• Where:

Score = (Dt/Nc)

Node C Distance (ft) Distance / C

J‐132 3 4499.6 1499.9

J‐133 3 4204.6 1401.5

J‐185 3 4225.5 1408.5

J‐218 3 4060.2 1353.4

J‐224 3 2486.4 828.8

J‐225 3 2278.4 759.5

Node C Distance (ft) Distance / C Ranking

J‐406 4 1332.4 333.1 1

J‐235 3 1015.9 338.6 2

J‐550 3 1211.1 403.7 3

J‐234 2 917.6 458.8 4

J‐407 3 1594.9 531.6 5

J‐737 3 1651.1 550.4 6

– Dt = shortest distance from each node to the critical tank J‐234 2 917.6 458.8 J‐744 3 1891.6 630.5 7

3 1015.9 338.6 2 1277.4 638.7 8

– Nc = the number of pipes connected to the node

C = 3 C = 4 C = 2

65

J‐256 3 2013.3 671.1

J‐264 3 3694.6 1231.5

J‐265 3 2844.3 948.1

J‐275 3 2371.3 790.4

J‐385 3 2208.9 736.3

J‐389 3 1918.3 639.4

J‐406 4 1332.4 333.1

J‐407 3 1594.8 531.6

J‐550 3 1211.1 403.7

J‐58 3 3020.6 1006.8

J‐666 2 1277.4 638.7

J‐737 3 1651.1 550.4

J‐743 2 1683.8 841.9

J‐744 3 1891.6 630.5

J‐770 2 1976.5 988.2

J‐389 3 1918.3 639.4 9

J‐256 3 2013.3 671.1 10

J‐385 3 2208.9 736.3 11

J‐225 3 2278.4 759.5 12

J‐275 3 2371.3 790.4 13

J‐224 3 2486.4 828.8 14

J‐743 2 1683.8 841.9 15

J‐265 3 2844.3 948.1 16

J‐770 2 1976.5 988.2 17

J‐58 3 3020.6 1006.9 18

J‐264 3 3694.6 1231.5 19

J‐218 3 4060.2 1353.4 20

J‐133 3 4204.6 1401.5 21

J‐185 3 4225.5 1408.5 22

J‐132 3 4499.6 1499.9 23

30

67

68

69

Survey 2

70




Software

Graphical System Representation


System Analytics

Integration

Hydraulic/Water Quality Analyses Operator Interface




RTUs/PLCs



71

Physical Data Collection


31

75

• Introduction




Outline Computer Models • Computer models for network modeling have

been around since the late 1950s.

– Data Requirements

– Graphical Flow Model • Overview

• Data management features

• Pipe break analysis


– Model calibration

– KYPIPE • Extended period analysis

• Water quality analysis • Hardware/software integration 73 74

Use of Models

• Graphical representation of system

– Network schematic

– Background map

• Infrastructure database

• Customer database

• Computer analyses

Potential Model Uses • Static hydraulic analyses

– Flows and pressures in the system

– Fire flow tests

– Valve closure

• Dynamic hydraulic analyses – Tank turnover

– Pump operations – Emergency response

• Water Quality analyses – Age analysis

– Chlorine residual analysis

– Tracer analysis

• Real Time Analysis – Real Time Operations

– Emergency Response

76

Benefits of Model Development

• Single Unified Database of System

• Identification of Data Errors

• Identification of Inefficient Operations

• Identification of Closed Valves

• Identification of Leaking Pipes

77 78

32



Water Distribution System Model



System Analytics

Integration

Operator Interface Off‐Line Water Quality Model



RTUs/PLCs





Water Distribution System Model Water Distribution System Model

Maps

Topologic

Information

Network Layout

Topologic

Information

Network Layout


Maps

KIA GIS

Data Topologic

Information

Network Layout

Elevation

Information

Elevations

33


Maps Maps

Elevation

Information Elevations KY GIS

DEM Data Elevation

Information Elevations


Maps

Maps

KIA GIS

Data

Topologic Information

KIA GIS

Data


KIA

DEM Data

Elevation Information

KIA

DEM Data


Historical Records

Pipe

Information

L, D

Pipe

Information

L, D


Maps

Maps

KIA GIS

Data


KIA GIS

Data


KIA

DEM Data


KIA

DEM Data


KIA

GIS Data

Historical

Records

Pipe

Information

L, D

KIA

GIS Data

Historical

Records

Pipe C

Information

Pipe

Roughness

34


Maps

Maps

KIA GIS

Data


KIA GIS Data


KIA

DEM Data

KIA

GIS Data


Historical

Records

Pipe C

Information

KIA DEM Data

KIA

GIS Data


Historical

Records

Pipe C

Information

C = 4.73 Q L 0.54

H f 0.54 D 2.63

Literature

C Values

Pipe

Roughness

Literature

C Values

Pipe

Roughness

C‐Factor

Tests


Maps

Maps

Billing

Information

Production

Information

KIA GIS Data


KIA GIS Data


KIA

DEM Data

Elevation

Information

Tank KIA

DEM Data

Elevation

Information

Nodal

Demands

Historical Records

Valve

Historical Records

KIA

GIS Data

Pipe

Information

Reservoir

Pump

KIA

GIS Data

Pipe

Information

Literature

C Values

C‐Factor

Tests

Literature

C Values

C‐Factor

Tests

Manufacturer

Data Component Information

Manufacturer Data

Component Information


Maps

Billing Information

Production Information

Maps

Billing

Information


KIA GIS Data


KIA GIS Data


Nodal

Demands

KIA

DEM Data Elevation

Information KIA

DEM Data Elevation

Information

Historical

Records

Historical

Records

User

Interface

KIA

GIS Data

Pipe

Information

KIA

GIS Data

Pipe

Information

Literature C Values

C‐Factor

Tests

Operational

Scenarios

Literature C Values

Pipe

Roughness

Model

Database

Manufacturer

Data

Component

Information

Operational

Staff

SCADA

Manufacturer

Data

C‐Factor

Tests

Component Information

Operational

Policies

Operational

Staff

SCADA

35

100

101

Notes

Survey 3

97 98





System Analytics

Integration




RTUs/PLCs





Go to the webpage www.kypipe.com/client_downloads

[1] and select “Download 6.037” [2].

1

2

http://www.kypipe.com/client_downloads

36

106

Opening An Existing Network File

2) Click “All Programs”.

1) Click Start. 104

Click “Pipe2012”.

Click “Applications”.

Click “Graphical Flow Model”.

Click “OK”.

105

Click “OK”. Click “OK”.

107 108

37

110

111

112

113

On Launching the GFM, a software information box will appear. You can close this info box.

Launch the GFM from desktop icon or from your computer’s start menu. Click OK.

109

Click OK.

Click OK.

1. Select File.

2. Select Open.

Graphical Flow Model Starting Screen and GUI.

38

115

116

117

118

119

120

If you downloaded the GFM from the internet, and accepted the default installation paths, click Examples to find the example system file.

Click No.

Select “decon example.KYP”

Click Decon.

2. Select OK.

1. Select “decon example.p2k” if it is not already highlighted. The next time you go through this file directory, this file may appear in this area after clicking the “8 Decon” folder one level up.

Select OK. This message may not appear the next time the file is opened.

39

121

Starting screen view with loaded example file.

Graphical Flow Model User Interface

122

File and Program Options

Map Setting Options

Program Command Bar

Map

Function

Menu

Map Window

Pipe and

Node Data

Menu

Map Function Menu

Map Layout Mode Map Text Mode

Fixed Mode 1 – Cannot move or add nodes Fixed Mode 2 – Cannot move/Can add nodes

Select Multiple Nodes and Pipes Select Nodes/Pipes using a polygon

Attach a note to the map Clear selections

View data tables Refresh map

Loading Background Maps

Add north arrow to map

Undo last map change

Zoom and pan functions

Shift map window functions

Views

Redo last map change

Zoom and pan functions

Shift map window functions

125

40

2 U th ll b

Select Backgrounds.

Select Settings.

127 128

Select Add Map.

1. The images folder on the C: drive will first appear if GFM was downloaded from the internet.

2. Use the scroll bar to locate the file “CITY_Map” in the dialog box. Click on the file to select it.

3. Click open.

129

Screen view with loaded example map file.

Click Map.

131 132

41

Screen clipping taken: 4/11/2014, 9:19 AM

134


135


136


137

137


138

System Asset and Data Management

The Pipe Information window appears on the right when a pipe is selected with a left click.

133

Click this icon to clear selections.

The Node Information window appears on the right when a node is selected with a left click.

Click this icon to view data tables.

Click OK.

42


i f i i

139


140


h

141

141


142

143

The data tables provide all system information in tabular form.

The user can select which system infrastructure or assets to view in the data table. The current view is for pipes.

Click on the Settings tab to access map settings

Click Map to exit the data table and return to the map window.

These results can also be viewed from the Map menu. In order to “turn on” a particular set of data, first go to the Map Settings Tab and then click on the Labels tab.

Here is the map view with all the pipe diameters (in inches) shown.

Now you can use the drop down menu to select a particular type of data. Here we have selected diameter data.

To show this data on your map, make sure to click on the box next to the selected parameter (e.g. Diameter as shown)

Now, click on the Map tab to take you back to the map viewing area.

144

43

li k th I t [“I t”] b tt

Adding Valves and Hydrants to an Existing Data File

145

Add Valves and Hydrants to the Network

1. From the Network Map screen, click on a pipe in the location where a valve or hydrant should be.

2. In the Pipe Information panel on the right, click on the Insert [“Insrt”] button.

3. In the menu that pops up, select “On/Off Valve” to insert a valve or “Hydrant” to insert a hydrant.

146

2. Select Insrt.

1. Click location to place new element.

Select system element to be added. Here we add an On/Off Valve.

147 148

New Valve is added.

Click this Layout Mode icon to clear active selections.

149 150

44

154

If the system should be flushed can

Note:

1. Once you place a valve or hydrant, you can move it by clicking and dragging it to the desired location.

Adding Pipe and Node Elements

2. The valve or hydrant can be deleted by clicking it to select it and then hitting the delete [“Del”] button. The delete button is right above the “Insrt” button used to add the valve or hydrant.

151 152

Added pipe. Added node.

1) Left click on any existing node in the system.

2) Right click anywhere on the screen you would like to add a node and connecting pipe.

NOTE: New pipe segments may

be connected back to the existing infrastructure by right clicking on

an existing node.

Pipe Break/Contamination Extent Visualization

Pipe Break/

Contamination Feature

If the system needs to be isolated, using what valve(s)?

What is the associated volume of contaminated water? Number of customers? Total demand?

What is the associated volume of isolated water? Number of customers? Total demand?

What critical pieces of infrastructure are impacted?

If the system should be flushed, can the “upstream” part of the system be used or does the system need to be isolated and flushing water pumped through a hydrant? If so, which hydrant?

What will be the final disposition of

the flushed water? Where will the water flow?

155 156

45

159

161

162

Generate a contamination report by a point 1 2

1. Click on “Facilities Management” on the top menu bar

2. Select “Contamination (point)” from the menu

3. Click on a pipe in the network map in the location of the contamination

4. Click on a valve to expand the contamination beyond the valve

5. Go back to the Facilities Management menu and select “Contamination Report”

157

4. Single‐click this valve to see the contamination move north and west in the system. (Note: clicking again on this valve will close it and the contamination will

update to the new boundary condition.)

3

Pipes isolated from the system are highlighted green.

5

Volume Summary Box

46

163

5

Elements of a Contamination Report (Point Selection)

1. File name of the network

2. Date that the analysis was performed

3. Name of the pipe that contains the source of the contaminant (this

is defined by where the user clicked to insert the point intrusion)

4. Volume of water contained in the contaminated pipes

5. Volume of water contained in pipes that are not contaminated but

are isolated from a source

6. List of valve that must be turned off in order to isolate the

contamination

7. List of hydrants that are in the contaminated region

8. Name and elevation of the lowest hydrant in the contaminated area

(for use in flushing)

9. List of the lengths of all of the types of pipes within the 164

contaminated region; categorized by material, rating, and diameter

Notes

Q & A

165 166





System Analytics

Generating a Flow Analysis

Integration




RTUs/PLCs





47

170

Screen clipping taken: 4/10/2014, 12:03 PM

174

1. Select Analyze.

2. Select Analysis.

Set desired control inputs and then select Analyze Using Settings.

NOTE: On first running an analysis, an error message relating to “multiple node names”

may appear. Click “Fix Automatically” if the

message appears.

Click Display Flowrates.

171 172

1. Select Analyze.

Pipe flowrates displayed by yellow boxes.

2. Select Quick Results to go back to the Analysis Results Display Options.

Nodal system inputs/outputs displayed by blue boxes.

173

48

Pressures at System Nodes Displayed by Labels.

Click Display Pressures.

175

Pressure Contours (Hatch).

Return to the Results Display Options as was shown previously. Select Pressure Contours – Hatch.

177 178

Pressures Contours (Gradient).

Return to Results Display Options and select Pressure Contours – Gradient.

179

49

5


185

185185

186

Elements of a Flow Analysis Report

Return to Results Display Options and select Analysis Report.

181

1. File name of the network

2. Regulatory valve data and properties

3. Pipeline data and properties

4. Node data and properties

5. Regulatory valve flow analysis results (upstream and downstream pressure and through flowrate)

6. Pipeline Flow analysis (flowrates)

7. Node flow analysis results (external demand, hydraulic grade, pressure head and node pressure in psi)

8. Summary of system inflows and outflows

182

Select Map to return to the map window.

1. Select Contours.

2. Select Hide contours.

50

187

188

190


191


192

1. Select Labels.

2. Select All labels off.

System map at analysis starting point.

Printing/Saving the Analysis Report

The analysis report can be printed in hard copy form, saved as a PDF, BMP, or JPG file, or added to a

presentation as text .

Return to Results Display Options (Analyze + Quick Results) and select Analysis Report.

189

1. Select print from the analysis report.

2. Set print options: select printer to get a hard copy or select the file format to save the report as a file.

Print window box for printing a hard copy of the analysis report. Click Print when finished selecting settings and options.

3. Click Print when finished selecting settings and options.

51

193


194


195

195

196

196

return to the

1. You can also select “Save as a Doc file” from the analysis report. This option allows the user to set the file name and file path as shown in the box below.

2. After setting the file name and location in the dialog box, click Save.

Click OK.

Select Map to return to the map window.


Printing/Saving the Analysis Image

The analysis image can be printed in hard copy form or saved as an image

file, either as a BMP, PDF, or JPG

To save the flowrate results map image, return to the Results Display Options and click Display Flowrates.

197 198 198

52

199


201


202


204

This is the image we will save as a file in this example.

1. Select Edit from Command Bar

2. Screen Capture Saved as File

200

Select desired size of image. For this

example, select Current Screen

Size.

File is saved using a

default file name scheme as shown in

the box window. You can navigate to the file’s location and

change the file name if desired. Select OK.

1. You can also save the image in a variety of file formats while also controlling the file’s name and destination. Select File.

2. Select Print

1. Select image file type, for example,

PDF.

2. Select Create.

203

53


205


206


207

208

USB Drive

1. Select file location. This could be on the C: drive or a flash drive if you are using one, or any desired path.

Created PDF image

file.

2. Provide file name. 3. Click Save when

finished.

1. To turn off the flow analysis results, select

Labels.


2. Select All labels off.

Opening Your System from a USB Drive

1. Insert the USB drive into the laptop.

54

9 Cli k

3. Click “OK”. 4. Click “OK”.

2. Open the Graphical

Flow Model.

Demo 5. Click “Demo”.

6. Click “Load File”.

7. Click the

drop down

arrow.

8. Select the USB

drive (usually e, f,

or h).

9. Click on your

system file.

10. Click “OK”. 11. Click “OK”.

55

Fire Flow Tests

Pressure/Tank Data

Tracer Test

Data

Notes

Survey 4

217 218

Network Model Water Distribution System Model

Calibration/Validation Maps Billing

Information


KIA GIS

Data

Topologic

Information

Nodal

Demands

Computer

Algorithm

KIA DEM Data

Elevation

Information

KIA

GIS Data

Historical Records

Pipe

Information

User

Interface

Model

Calibration

Adjust controls Change channel

Literature

C Values

Pipe

Roughness

C‐Factor

Tests

Operational

Policies

Operational

Staff

SCADA

Model

Database

Manufacturer

Data

Component

Information

Collect Calibration Data

• Fire Flow Tests

P Q

• Telemetry Data

– Tank levels over time

– Pressures over time

• Water Quality Data t

– Fluoride Concentration

Q = 29.8 C D2 P0.5

T = L/t

where: D (inches), P (psi), Q(gpm) 222

56

C

closed or partially closed valves pumps

228

General Suggestions

• Use Bourdon Gage with 1 psi increments

• Use pressure snubbers

• Make visual survey of test area

• Consider safety issues

• Use cell phones

Run Model and Check Results

• Steady State Analysis

– Check fire flow results

– Pressure (5-10%) of relative pressure gradient

• Extended Period Analyses

– Check tank level predictions

– Trajectories (S residuals < 5%)

• Water Quality Analyses

– Check travel times

– Travel times (< 5-10%)

Steady State Marco Level Calibration

• If observed and predict results are significantly different (> 20%) examine:

– data collection errors

– closed or partially closed valves

– inaccurate pumps or PRVs

– incorrect pipe dimensions

– incorrect network geometry

– incorrect pressure zone boundaries

Sensitivity Analysis • Test various model parameters to assess

impact on calibration data:

– pipe roughness

– pumps

– tanks

– demands

• Efforts should be focused on those parameters

that have greatest impact

Run Model and Check Results

• Steady State Analysis

– Adjust pipe roughness, pump heads

• Extended Period Analyses

– Adjust demands, pump curves

• Water Quality Analyses

– Check for partially closed valves, effective pipe

diameters

57

229

230

231

Steady State Analysis

Pipe Break Analysis

Design

Guidance

Extended Period Analysis

Water Quality Analysis

Water Distribution System Model

Maps

Billing

Information


KIA GIS

Data

KIA

DEM Data


Elevation

Information

Nodal

Demands Computer

Algorithm

Model

Results

Historical

Records

User

Interface

KIA GIS

Data

Literature C Values

Pipe

Information

Pipe

Roughness

Operational

Policies

Model

Database

C‐Factor

Tests

Operational

Staff

SCADA

Manufacturer

Data

Component

Information

GFM Limitations

• Limited to small/medium systems (<2000 pipes)

• Only performs steady state analysis

• Constant pump inflow

• Non specific nodal demands


Real Time Operations On‐Line

Water Quality Model On‐Line

Hydraulic Model

System Analytics

• Does not provide advanced features – Design guidance

– Extend period simulation

– Water quality analysis

– Sensor placement guidance

Operator Interface


RTUs/PLCs

Integration




233




58

235



• KYPIPE provides a powerful interface to the EPANET program to perform water quality simulations on an existing hydraulic model.

• Through this EPANET interface it is possible to:

– Calculate chemical concentrations (e.g. chlorine)

– Calculate water age (residence time)

– Trace a chemical from a source

– Determine appropriate locations for water quality sensors

Calculating Chemical Concentrations *WQ Simulations are performed over an extended period of time, therefore ensure your system is set up for an EPS prior to the WQ analysis

1) Click the tab “Other Data”

2) Click the tab “Quality”

3) Select which quality parameter you would like to calculate

4) Fill in the required parameter tables

Calculating Chemical Concentrations Calculating Chemical Concentrations

View the maximum

chemical concentrations

at each node.

5) Click “Generate Tabulated Results”

6) Click “Run and Exit”

Click on any node to view

the concentration time

series data.

59

system at various time

Calculating Chemical Concentrations

Create contours showing

the chemical

concentrations in your

system at various time

steps.

Residence Time Calculations

Select “Age” in the

Quality Parameter

box. Input source

data and initial

conditions.

Residence Time Calculations

Click on storage tank

and view time series

plot to show the age

of water in the tank

at a given time.

Tracer Analysis

1) Select “Trace as the

Water Quality

Parameter

2) Fill in required

parameter tables and

initial conditions

Tracer Analysis Sensor Location Tool

Click on any

node in the

system

View the percent contribution

at that node at a given time

60

Press “SHIFT + F7”

Sensor Location Tool Sensor Location Tool

Press “Shift + F7”



2 sensors placed at optimal locations

61

Sensor Location Tool

Survey 5

254





Hardware/Software Integration System Analytics

Real Time Data Analytics and

Modeling

Operator Interface


Integration



RTUs/PLCs


255




• Introduction




Outline


–Utility survey

–Data analytics

–Real time operation

257 258

62

259

260

The current situation:

Lots of models... and

lots of data...

Isolated from each other

What will real-time analytics look like

when I see it?

63

M

ak

in

1E:1ve5npt mDetected: 12:00pm

1U:1n5uspumally High Demand in Zone 6

1E:1ve5npt mDetected: 12:00pm

1U:1n5uspumally High Demand in Zone 6

Pipe Bre

6th & Ma

6th & Main

Demand ‐ Zone 6 Network ap... Demand ‐ Zone 6 Network Map...

1:15pm 1:15pm 2:30pm

1:16pm 4:00pm

Pipe Break

6th & Main

Pipe Break

6th & Main

Break

Isolated

Break

Isolated

HSP-2

Manual (on)

1:17pm

9:30pm

Pipe Break

6th & Main

Break

Isolated

HSP-2

Manual (on)

Service Restored,

HSP-2 Auto

Is this practical?

64

System Model

SCADA tags Model IDs

Configurator

Billing Analytics Engine

(Epanet-RTX)

SCADA historian infrastructure model

SCADA

Historian

SPARC System Performance and Reporting Console

Noisy Time Series Transformations

Smooth Time Series

System Model

Configurator

Billing Analytics Engine

(Epanet-RTX)

SCADA

Historian

SPARC System Performance and Reporting Console

Aiding Efficient System Operations

EPANET

RTX

65

279

Summary:

Real-time modeling tools are

available.

Analytics that derive value from

existing data sources should be

anticipated and expected

66

284

Notes

Survey 6

67

Documents

Studying Distribution System Hydraulics and Flow Dynamics