Animals: Chordatesall vertebrates are chordates, but not all chordates are

vertebrates...

Phylum Chordata All animals in this phylum have a Notochord during development!

Notochord = dorsal hollow nerve cord

see left side picture

Chordates are broken down into 3 Sub-Phyla

Sub-Phylum Urochordata

Sub-Phylum Cephalochordata

Sub-Phylum Vertebrata

Groups with No Vertebrae!!!Sub-Phylum Urochordata

Sea Squirts& Tunicates

Sub-Phylum Cephalochordata

Lancelets

Sub-Phylum VertebrataAll animals in this group are Vertebrates = have a backbone!! (develops from the notochord)

Basic Characteristics

Bilateral Symmetry

Complete Body Cavity with tissue

Closed Circulatory System( heart, veins, arteries)

Complex Brain and sense organs

Efficient respiratory system (gills,lungs)

Broken into five classes: Fishes, Aves(birds), Reptiles, Amphibians, Mammals

Vertebrates - Group “Fishes” Ectotherms - heat from the outside environment aka“cold blooded”

2 chambered heart

most have scales

breathe underwater using gills

Fish are divided into three groups:

Class Agnatha

Class Chondrichthyes

Class Osteichthyes

Class Agnatha

No scales - produce mucus

No jaws

Gills with gill slits

Cartilaginous Skeleton

Examples are Hagfish and Lamprey

Class ChondrichthyesScales with Dentides (like sandpaper)

Jaws with bony teeth

Cartilaginous skeleton

Gills with gill slits

Lateral Line system - pits down side of body that allow them to sense vibrations in the water

sense electrical impulses

Amazing sense of smell ( 1 drop of blood in an olympic size pool)

Examples include Sharks, Skates and Rays

Chondrichthyes : Skates and Rays

Chondrichthyes : Skates and Rays

“Mermaid’s Purse”

Chondrichthyes : Sharks

Chondrichthyes : Sharks

Basking Sharks and Whale Sharks are huge! But they are

filter feeders and eat tiny crustaceans like krill.

Chondrichthyes : Sharks

Chondrichthyes : Sharks

Tiger Sharks have been known to

eat ANYTHING!

Bull Sharks live along coastlines and inlets - they can live in Salt

AND Fresh Water

Class Osteichthyesscales

have jaws

gills with operculum (bony plate)

Bony Skeleton

Lateral Line System

This group includes all fish with a bony skeleton.......

Gill Slits vs Operculum

Osteichthyes : Tropical Fish Class Osteichthyes: Tropical Fish

Sea Horse

Sea Dragon

Osteichthyes : More Fish! Osteichthyes : Deep Sea Fish

Angler and Snaggletooth

Fish