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Light refraction in Prism
Ray diagram of a convex lens
Ray diagram illustrating graphical construction rules of a convex lens
Simulation of the ray diagram
The six special case of convex lens
Daily applications of convex lens
Table of content
U se r ay diagr am t o illust r at e t he nat ur e of image
3 const r uct ion r ulesof r ay diagr am
D aily A pplicat ion
Convex lens(Conver ging lens)
L ight Ref r act ion in Pr isms(Revision)
Convex lens teaching flow chart
The light rays converge after passing through the prisms!!
In what way do the light rays pass throughthe prisms?
QUESTION TIME
Light rays passing through two prisms
FF’ C
f
F: Focus F: Focus
Convex lens
C: Optical Center
f = focal length (FC)
Principal axis
Terminology of Convex lens
F: Focus
f = focal length (FC)
C: Optical Center
Principal axis
The light ray parallel to the principal axis The light ray through the Optical Center C The light ray through the focus F
F F C
is refracted parallel to the principal axis.
is refracted through the focus F.
passes straight through the lens.
Convex lens Construction Rules
Now, we are going to find the image of an object formed by a convex lens by using these rules.
ClassworkClasswork
By using the three construction rules of convex lens, draw a ray diagram of an object with object distance u = 15 cm. (Assume the focal length of the convex lens is 10 cm.)Can you find the imagedistance?
By using the three construction rules of convex lens, draw a ray diagram of an object with object distance u = 15 cm. (Assume the focal length of the convex lens is 10 cm.)Can you find the imagedistance?AnswerAnswer
When the object distance is larger than 2f , do you know the image position?
Object
Image
2F 2F
QUESTION TIME
Case 1: Object distance >2f Case 1: Object distance >2f
Object
Image
• Magnified / Diminished / Same as the object
• Virtual / Real• Erect / Inverted• Virtual / Real• Magnified / Diminished / Same as the object
• Erect / Inverted
Between the position of F and 2F on the other side of the object.
• Position of image:
Descriptions of the image:Object distance >2f
Object
Image
2F
2F
QUESTION TIME
Case 2: Object distance = 2f Case 2: Object distance = 2f
Object
Image
• Magnified / Diminished / Same as the object
• Virtual / Real• Erect / Inverted• Erect / Inverted• Virtual / Real• Magnified / Diminished / Same as the object
Descriptions of the image:Object distance = 2f
At the position of 2F on the other side of the object.
• Position of image:
Object
Image
2F 2F
QUESTION TIME
Case 3: Object distance between f and 2f Case 3: Object distance between f and 2f
Object
Image
Descriptions of the image:Object distance between f
and 2f
Image distance > 2f on the other side of the object.
• Erect / Inverted• Erect / Inverted• Virtual / Real• Virtual / Real• Magnified / Diminished / Same as the object• Magnified / Diminished / Same as the object• Position of image:
Descriptions of the image:Object distance < f
On the same side of the object.
• Erect / Inverted• Erect / Inverted• Virtual / Real• Virtual / Real• Magnified / Diminished / Same as the object• Magnified / Diminished / Same as the object• Position of image:
Case 6: Very large object at infinityCase 6: Very large object at infinityFor a very large image at infinity:
Convex lens
The light rays are nearly parallel to each other!
F
F2F
2F
Do you know how parallellight rays are refracted?
Case 6: Very large object at infinityCase 6: Very large object at infinity Remember
the construction rules of convex lens.
Formed at the focal plane
• Erect / Inverted• Erect / Inverted• Virtual / Real• Virtual / Real• Magnified / Diminished / Same as the object• Position of image:
• Magnified / Diminished / Same as the object
Descriptions of the image:Object distance >2f
Formed at the focal plane
• Erect / Inverted• Erect / Inverted• Virtual / Real• Virtual / Real• Magnified / Diminished / Same as the object• Position of image:
• Magnified / Diminished / Same as the object
Descriptions of the image:Object distance >2f