1

Islamic Republic of Afghanistan

Afghanistan Medical Council

Subjects and number of questions of the Exit exam in June 2021 for

Stomatology

Part No Subjects Question

Para clinic

1 Anatomy 20

2 Physiology 20

3 Pathology 20

4 Pharmacology 20

Clinic

1 Periodontology 10

2 Orthodontics 10

3 Prosthodontics 10

4 Dental medicine 15

5 Maxillofacial Surgery 20

6 Pediatric dentistry 15

Total 160

Subjects & Topics of the Exit exam in June of 2021 for Stomatology

1) Para-clinical Subjects and topics Details Topics No Subject

General description, Regional Anatomy: skull, cranial cavity, Meninges, Brain and its blood supply, Venous drainage, venous sinuses

Head and Neck 1

1.Anatomy

Cranial Nerves 2

Face 3

2

The orbit and the eyeball

4

1. External Ear 2. Middle Ear 3. Internal Ear

The Ear 5

Root of the Neck 6

Pharynx 7

Larynx 8

Nasal Cavities 9

Oral Cavity 10

Teeth & gingiva 11

Cell physiology 1

2.Physiology

Neuron physiology 2

Muscle cell Physiology 3

Blood physiology and immunity

4

Respiratory system physiology

5

Physiology of the cardiovascular system

6

Cell injury, cell death and adaptation

1

3.Pathology

Inflammation Tissue repair

2

Hemodynamic disorders

3

Immune system Disorders

4

Vascular diseases 5

Heart diseases 6

Blood diseases 7

Oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract disorders

8

Pharmacokinetic Pharmacokinetic

Introduction of Pharmacology

1

3

1. Cholinergic Agonists

2. Cholinergic Antagonists

3. Muscle Relaxants

4. Adrenergic 5. Anti-

Adrenergic

Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) Pharmacology

2

4.Pharmacology Sedative-Hypnotics Drugs

3

General and Local Anesthetics

4

Anti-microbial Drug & Anti parasite dugs

5

All related drugs in dentistry

6

Rational Use of Drugs And Sample of Prescription

7

2) Clinical Subjects and topics Details Topic No Part Subject

Diagnosis of oral and dental diseases

1

1) Operative dentistry

Anatomy and morphology of teeth 2

Teeth numbering system and Teeth anomalies

3

External and internal resorption, Discoloration of the teeth and Developmental disturbance of teeth

4

Etiology and classification of caries(morphology

Dental caries 5

4

,dynamic ,chronology, clinic of dental caries

1.Dental medicine

Nomination of different part of teeth and cavity, Classification of cavity and steps in tooth preparation

6

Class III ,class IV and class V tooth preparation.

Composite and bonding system of dentin and enamel

7

Management of deep caries lesions

8

Glassionomer cements ,base and liner

9

Bleaching 10

Matrix ,wedge and rubber dam 11

Gold restoration 12

Restorative and periodontium relation

13

Histology ,physiology and circulation of pulp

1

2. Endodontics

Periradicular tissue 2

Pulp and periradicular pathosis 3

Classification of pulp diseases 4

Disease of the periradicular tissues 5

Disease of the periradicular tissues of non -endodontic origin

6

Clinical diagnostic methods and Periodontal examination

7

Endodontic emergencies 8

Factors affecting internal anatomy

Internal anatomy 9

Cleaning and shaping of canal, working

Access cavity preparation 10

5

length determination, methods of determining the apex and methods of canal shaping, cleaning and shaping of apical area

Canal irrigation with chemical agents

11

Procedural accidents in endodontics

12

Methods of local anesthesia in endodontics

13

Material used for obturation of canal, methods of placement ,advantage and disadvantage of materials

Obturation of root canal 14

Types and characteristic of sealers

Sealer 15

Methods of canal obturation 16

Endo-perio relationship 17

Stomatitis 1

3. Oral medicine

Recurrent aphthous ulceration 2

Behcet’s syndrome 3

Primary herpes simplex virus infection, varicella zoster virus infection

Recurrent herpes simplex 4

Secondary oral ulcer cancer chemotherapy and nicotine stomatitis

Allergic contact stomatitis 5

Types and treatment of candidiasis

Candidiasis 6

Uremic stomatitis and

Pyostomatitis vegetans

7

Oral manifestations due to HIV 8

Stomatitis due to blood disorders 9

Anomalies of tongue and cheilitis 10

6

Diagnostic methods, methods of saliva measurement ,Sjogren syndrome, disease and anomalies of salivary gland, silorhea, and treatment of xerostomia

Salivary gland diseases, viral diseases of salivary gland and salivary gland disorders due to systemic disorders

11

Jaundice and

amyloidosis Oral manifestation due to systemic diseases

12

Vitamins deficiency, Hypothyroidism

Hypoparathyroidism, Addison disease

13

Normal periodontium 1

2.Periodontology

Correlation of clinical and microscopic features

2

Tooth supporting tissues , Aging and periodontium

3

Plaque, key characteristic of perio pathogens, calculus, predisposing factors of calculus

Periodontal microbiology 4

Nutritional influences on the periodontium, Influence of systemic condition on the periodontium

5

Oral malodor 6

Defense mechanism of gingiva 7

Stages of Gingivitis and clinical features of gingivitis

Gingivitis 8

Gingival enlargement, Acute gingival infectious and Desquamative gingivitis

9

Periodontal pocket and periodontal abscess

10

Chronic periodontitis, NUG and Aggressive periodontitis

11

First meeting and second meeting

Treatment of periodontal disease 12

7

Radiographic aids in diagnosis of periodontal disease

13

Periodontal therapy in female patient

14

Periodontal treatment for patient with systemic disease(medically compromised patients)

15

Periodontium in older adults 16

Treatment of acute gingival infections

17

Plaque control in periodontal patients

18

Gingival surgical techniques, Treatment of gingival enlargement and Periodontal flap

19

Furcation involvement and treatment

20

Dental implant(implantology) 21

Amelogenesis and Dentinogenisis 1 3.Pediatric dentistry

Diffierence between decidouse and permanent teeth,morphology of decidouse and permanent teeth

Teeth 2

Exfoliation of primary teeth ,eruption of permanent teeth,local and systemic factors that affect tooth eruption

Principles of tooth eruption 3

Developmental disturbance of primary teeth and principles of diagnosis in children

4

Use of local anesthesia in children 5

Exodontia 6

Prevention and Oral hygiene in children

7

role of diet and nutrition in caries 8

Behavioural management 9

Fluoride, Fluoride toxicity and sealant therapy

10

8

Etiology ,mechanism ,factors that causes dental caries and classification of caries

Caries in primary teeth and methods of caries control

11

Classification of pulp diseases, Pulp therapy for primary dentition and Pulp therapy in young and immature teeth

Pulpitis 12

Periodontitis ,papilitis ,gingivitis and stomatitis

13

Definition and types of hypoplasia( environmental and hereditary hypoplasia)

Enamel hypoplasia 14

Amelogenesis imperfecta and Dentinogensis imperfecta

15

Alveolar abscess, cellulitis 16

Definition and types Cyst 17

Hemophilia 18

Leukemia 19

Discoloration of primary teeth 20

Scurvy 21

Oral manifestation in anemia 22

Oral habits in children 23

Dental trauma 24

Cleft lip and cleft palate 25

Xerostomia 26

Local anesthesia in dentistry , Basic techniques of local anesthesia and Complication of local anesthesia

1

4.Oral and maxillofacial surgery

Methods of minor oral surgery, Exodontia and Extraction of impact teeth

2

Endodontic surgery 3

General care for injured patient, general basics for serious injuries

Maxillofacial truama 4

9

Type and treatment of soft tissue injuries

Soft tissue trauma 5

Injuries of the Maxillofacial skeleton

6

Dento-alveolar fracture and treatment

7

Fracture of the middle third of the facial skeleton

8

Applied surgical anatomy of the mandible ,classification of mandibular fracture

9

Fracture of the process condylar and its management

10

Causes of orofacial infection, spread of infection in orofacial area ,acute and chronic orofacial infection ,patient evaluation and treatment of orofacial infection

Oro facial infection 11

Mandibular osteomyelitis and Osteoradionecrosis

12

Cyst of the orofacial region 13

Orofacial neuropathy 14

Cleft lip and cleft palate 15

Pre prosthetic surgery 16

Salivary gland diseases, Salivary gland cysts and Salivary gland tumor

17

TMJ, TMJ Disorder and ankylosis of TMJ

18

Myofacial pain Dysfunction syndrome

19

Corrective surgery 20

Occlusion in orthodontics and class 1,2,3 malocclusion

1

Photography and radiography in orthodontics, Principle of patient examination in orthodontics and cephalometrics landmarks

2

10

Study model and Model analysis in orthodontics

3 5.Orthodontics

General and local factors

Etiology of malocclusion 4

Types of tooth movements and forces

Mechanism of tooth movement 5

Method of gaining space and Exodontia

6

Management of orofacial and dental anomalies

7

Functional orthodontic appliance and fixed orthodontic appliance

8

Preventive orthodontics 9

Space maintainer 10

Cross bite, midline diastema and open bite

11

Orthodontics for adults 12

Changes in teeth structure

13

Masticatory system 1

6.prosthodontics

Characteristic of human face 2

TMJ, Mandibular movement, Basic of Occlusion and Teeth bite

3

Clinical examination of prosthodontics patient

4

Preparation of mouth for prosthesis

5

Impression , impression methods and materials

6

Removable denture and Removable partial denture

7

Causes of partial edentia and complications due to edentia

8

Treatment planning for replacement of single teeth

9

Selection of prosthesis type and importance of teeth replacement with prosthesis

10

11

Classification of removable partial denture

11

Removable partial denture component, Minor and major connector, Rest and rest seats, Direct retainer and Indirect retainers

12

Base denture 13

Clinical examination ,diagnosis and treatment plan

Principle of removable partial denture design

14

Diagnostic cast 15

Differential diagnosis between fixed and removable prosthesis

16

Preparation of mouth for removable partial denture

17

Impression materials, and methods for removable partial denture

18

Occlusal relation for RPD 19

Structure of artificial teeth 20

Laboratory procedure of RPD 21

Initial placement and adjustment of prosthesis

22

Reline and rebase of RPD 23

Repair of RPD 24

Temporary RPD 25

Principle of fixed partial denture, Classification of fixed partial denture and Principle of teeth preparation for fixed partial denture

26

Metal full crowns، Non Metal full crown, Combined full

crowns, Partial veneer crowns, Post crowns

Classification of crowns 27

Preparation of extensively damaged teeth

28

Bridge 29

Type of prosthesis in dentistry 30

Definition ,treatment goals ,anatomy of

Removable complete denture 31

12

bone and muscles related to complete

denture, anatomy of complete denture

and histology of oral cavity related to

complete denture

Treatment of edentulous patient with complete denture

32

Impression methods for complete denture

33

Effective factors in movement and relations of jaw

34

Set up of artificial teeth 35