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Task 5.1-BTasks related to science and engineering

B.2 Bernoulli’s equation, expressed in the old units of ft lbf / lbm, is:

D<v>2

2gþ Dp

�þ Dz ¼½ � ft:lbf

lbm

wherev = velocity, ft/sp = pressure, lbf/ft

2

� = density, lbm/ft3

z = elevation or height, ftg = local gravitational acceleration, ft/s2

Consider the term Dz.

a) since the units of z are not the same as the units in the equation, it shouldnot be included.

b) the term should be included, the units of ft are acceptable because the correctunits are understood.

c) consistency of units does not apply to this equation; go ahead and use theterm as it is.

d) consistency of units does not apply; the equation was derived in 1738 whenconsistency was not an issue. Use it the way Bernoulli derived it.

e) the term must be multiplied by g / gc.f) other.

Appendix FOther Tasks for the Skill-Development Activities in Chapter 5

Successful Trouble Shooting for Process Engineers. Don WoodsCopyright � 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, WeinheimISBN: 3-527-31163-7

Appendix F Other Tasks for the Skill-Development Activities in Chapter 5

Task 5.1-CGeneral tasks more related to trouble shooting

C.2 I am to write a report to my supervisor telling her about what I have done thispast month on my research project. Which of the following topics are most impor-tant to be included?

1) the pump for the equipment broke and only half of the experiments could becompleted,

2) the mechanics could not fix the pump; the new parts will arrive in 5 weeks,3) the results for the experiments that were completed seem to show that the

most important effect is the temperature – not the concentration of the reac-tants. But, we cannot do a statistical analysis of the data until all of the experi-ments are completed.

4) I went to the library and studied the literature for another project because Icould not do the experiments.

5) the technician will not be able to do the experiments in 6 weeks because he willbe in Kyoto.

Task 5.1-DEngineering related

D.2 A researcher is studying the catalytic combination of two reactants A and B toform a single compound C. The reaction is first order with respect to the reactants.Ten minutes after the reaction has started, the researcher accidently adds chemicalX that combines rapidly with A. Enough X is added to react with about 1/2 of A.Which of the following is most likely to occur when the clock reads 12 minutes afterthe reaction has started?

1) the reaction of A and B to produce C would proceed more rapidly.2) the reaction of A and B to produce C would proceed at the same rate.3) the reaction would stop; that is, no more C would be produced.4) the reaction of A and B to produce C would proceed more slowly.5) other.

Task 5.2-CTerry Sleuth and the Case of the Stinky Margarine

The spring rains turned the landscape into a muddy mire. What miserable weather,Pete thought. Why even the creeks by his house were overflowing the banks. Hecould imagine the quagmire down by the Burlington treatment plant where some ofhis colleagues were checking out the operation. He was glad he was indoors.

Rinnnnng ... “Water Consultants” answered Pete. “Hmmm. Please slow down abit so that I can understand what the problem is.”

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F.1 Enrichment Tasks for Awareness Development in Section 5.1

Pete sipped on his coffee ... He saw Terry bustle in from the computer and wavedTerry over. Motioning, he asked Terry to lift up the extension and hear the latest chal-lenge that was besetting the engineers and scientists at Water Consultants.

“So you make margarine ... ahum.. and now the margarine tastes like ammonia.But why do you think that we might help? We specialize in water and water quality!We specialize in water treatment, adsorption, ultrafiltration, and trace organic analy-sis but not margarine production” ...

“Oh, you’ve tried everyone else and no one seems to have any answers so youthought that maybe we can help.” said Pete as he cast a puzzled look at Terry andthen suggested “Maybe my colleague has some questions or suggestions for you;I’ve asked Terry Sleuth to listen in on our conversation” as Pete dodged the issueand passed the situation neatly over to Terry.

“Perhaps you will refresh my memory on how you make margarine; you purchasevegetable oils, clean them up and then blend them with milk.” offered Terry Sleuth,“What do your lab analyses of the incoming oil and milk show?”

“OK, so they seem to be the same as usual. How do you clean up the oils?” Terryjotted down “ deodorize under a vacuum and with live steam, adsorb undesirableson Fuller’s earth, filter out the Fuller’s earth and cool down the oil”. Pete’s earsperked up when he heard the word adsorb with Fuller’s earth because that was hisspecialty. Maybe they could help. Terry seemed lost in thought as Terry looked outthe window at the quagmire and asked, seemingly to give more time for thought,“Do you produce your own steam from the plant with the intake from Butcher’screek?”. “OK you do;” “And you pump the cooling water from the same source?Hmmm.” “Do you filter the cooling water before you send it to the margarine plant?It’s rather dirty these days with the terrible weather outside”. “OK so you filter it andsend it to the cooling-tower circuit.” “All your coolers have no direct contact witheither the milk or the oil, Right?” “Right.”

Pete asked “Do you regenerate the Fuller’s earth for reuse?” Hmmm.Terry said “I think we can solve your problem; we’ll be over in an hour to take a

few samples. We should have an answer for you in about 3 hours”.What samples did Terry take? what analyses were done and what advice did Water

Consultants give to solve the case of the stinky margarine?

Task 5.2-DTerry Sleuth and the Case of Boorish Bob

Bob jogged by Terry’s office. The odor of locker-room socks and just plain BO waftedthrough the door. Terry opened the window.

As Terry turned back to the desk, the perspiring face of Bob appeared in the opendoorway. “Joggin’ really makes you feel good,” announced Bob proudly.

“And talkin’ of feeling good, I have a meeting in half an hour with our client Mar-lene from Transpix. She asked us to calculate the weight per cent of zinc chloridethat they should be using for the additive solution they are using. I’ve got those cal-culations all done. They were really simple.” With that, he threw his calculationsand results down on Terry’s desk.

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Appendix F Other Tasks for the Skill-Development Activities in Chapter 5

“Look em’ over. You’ll see they are great! Many of the others here in this organiza-tion don’t take the care I do to check and double check. Just as one last check, youcheck me out! After all, Marlene is an important client and we don’t want to makeher upset, do we?” gloated Bob.

Terry breathed deeply the fresh air from the window and then looked at the calcu-lations. “What was Marlene’s question?” asked Terry.

“She has a solution at 68 �F (20 �C) that has a density of 1.4890 g/mL that contains0.0411 lb-mole of zinc chloride per US gallon of solution. She wants that expressedas weight%.” smugly beamed Bob. His bad breath almost made the paper curl.

“I looked up the density of water at 20 �C, (0.9982 g/mL) and the density of thesolution to be 1.4890 Mg/m3” boasted Bob. “A US gallon is 8.337 lbm but the realthing to remember is that a gallon is a volumetric unit of measure.”

Tired of Bob’s tirade, Terry looked at Bob’s calculations:

0:0411· 136:28

8:337 · 1:48900:998

¼ 45:2%

Terry looked at Bob, frowned, and said ... What did Terry say?

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