Succession Digests Part 2 121213074945 Phpapp02 (1)

8/20/2019 Succession Digests Part 2 121213074945 Phpapp02 (1)

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SUCCESSION A2010 page 17

Late DigestsABANGAN v ABANGAN

40 Phil 476AVANCENA

FACTS- On September 19, 1917, CFI of Ceb !"mitte" to prob!te An! Ab!n#!n$% &ill e'e(te" )l*, 1916+ Fromthi% "e(i%ion the opponent% !ppe!le"+- he &ill (on%i%t% of %heet%+ he fir%t (ont!in% !ll the "i%po%ition of the te%t!tri', "l* %i#ne" !t thebottom b* .!rtin .ont!lb!n /in the n!me !n" n"er the "ire(tion of the te%t!tri' !n" b* three &itne%%e%+he follo&in# %heet (ont!in% onl* the !tte%t!tion (l!%e "l* %i#ne" !t the bottom b* the three in%trment!l&itne%%e%+ Neither of these sheets is signed on the left margin by the testatrix and the three

witnesses, nor nmbered by letters+ he%e omi%%ion%, !((or"in# to !ppell!nt%$ (ontention, !re "efe(t%&hereb* the prob!te of the &ill %hol" h!e been "enie"+

!SS"#2ON the &ill &!% "l* !"mitte" to prob!te+

$#LD

3ES+ In reirin# th!t e!(h !n" eer* %heet of the &ill be %i#ne" on the left m!r#in b* the te%t!tor !n"three &itne%%e% in the pre%en(e of e!(h other, A%t No& '()* ei"entl* h!% for it% ob5e(t the !oi"!n(e of%b%tittion of !n* of %!i" %heet% &hi(h m!* (h!n#e the "i%po%ition of the te%t!tri'+ Bt when thesedis+ositions are wholly written on only one sheet /!% in the in%t!nt (!%e %i#ne" !t the bottom b* thete%t!tor !n" three &itne%%e%, their %i#n!tre% on the left m!r#in of %!i" %heet !re not !n*more ne(e%%!r*!% %(h &ill be prpo%ele%%+In reirin# th!t e!(h !n" eer* p!#e of ! &ill m%t be nmbere" (orrel!tiel* in letter% pl!(e" on thepper p!rt of the %heet, it i% lie&i%e (le!r th!t the ob5e(t of A(t No+ 64 i% to no& &hether !n* %heet ofthe &ill h!% been remoe"+ 8t, &hen !ll the "i%po%itie p!rt% of ! &ill !re &ritten on one %heet onl*, theob5e(t of the %t!tte "i%!ppe!r% be(!%e the remo!l of thi% %in#le %heet, !ltho#h nnmbere", (!nnot behi""en+In ! &ill (on%i%tin# of t&o %heet% the fir%t of &hi(h (ont!in% !ll the te%t!ment!r* "i%po%ition% !n" i% %i#ne" !t the bottomb* the te%t!tor !n" three &itne%%e% !n" the %e(on" (ont!in% onl* the !tte%t!tion (l!%e !n" i% %i#ne" !l%o !t the bottomb* the three &itne%%e%, it i% not ne(e%%!r* th!t both %heet% be frther %i#ne" on their m!r#in% b* the te%t!tor !n" the

&itne%%e%, or be p!#e"+he ob5e(t of the %olemnitie% %rron"in# the e'e(tion of &ill% i% to (lo%e the "oor !#!in%t b!" f!ith !n" fr!", to !oi"%b%tittion of &ill% !n" te%t!ment% !n" to #!r!nt* their trth !n" !thenti(it*+ herefore the l!&% on thi% %b5e(t %hol"be interprete" in %(h ! &!* !% to !tt!in the%e primor"!l en"%+ 8t, on the other h!n", !l%o one m%t not lo%e %i#ht ofthe f!(t th!t it i% not the ob5e(t of the l!& to re%tr!in !n" (rt!il the e'er(i%e of the ri#ht to m!e ! &ill+ So &hen !ninterpret!tion !lre!"* #ien !%%re% %(h en"%, !n* other interpret!tion &h!t%oeer, th!t !""% nothin# bt "em!n"%more rei%ite% entirel* nne(e%%!r*, %ele%% !n" fr%t!tie of the te%t!tor$% l!%t &ill, m%t be "i%re#!r"e"+

S"-.A v $-NAD-A+.+ No+ 06

A:INO; e%pon"ent 5"#e !"mitte" to prob!te ! &ill, &hi(h on it% f!(e i% oi" be(!%e it i% &ritten in En#li%h, ! l!n#!#e notno&n to the illiter!te te%t!tri', !n" &hi(h i% prob!bl* for#e"+

- .!ro Sro?!, ! member of the :S Arm* m!rrie" .!r(elin! S!l!"or+ he* &ere (hil"le%% bt the* re!re" ! bo*n!me" A#!pito+ .!ro "ie" !n" .!r(elin! be(!me ! pen%ioner of the Fe"er!l @oernment+

- A#!pito m!rrie" Nenit! !n" h!" ! (hil" ili!+ A#!pito &!% eent!ll* "i%!ble" !n" Nenit! &!% !ppointe" #!r"i!n&hen he &!% "e(l!re" !% in(ompetent in ! (ort pro(ee"in#+ Ar%eni! "el! Cr? !l%o &!nte" to be A#!pito$% #!r"i!n+She trie" to proe th!t Nenit! &!% nf!ithfl to A#!pito+ he %e(on" #!r"i!n%hip pro(ee"in# &!% "i%mi%%e" !n"Nenit!$% !ppointment &!% (onfirme"+- Spo%e% Antonio S* !n" Bermo#en! !l!n be#ot ! (hil" n!me" .!ril*n S*, &ho &!% entr%te" to Ar%eni! !n" l!ter"eliere" to .!r(elin! S!l!"or Sro?!+ .!ril*n &!% bro#ht p !% the %ppo%e" "!#hter of A#!pito, bt %he &!% notle#!ll* !"opte"+ .!rli*n m!rrie" O%(!r .e"r!no

- .!r(elin! %ppo%e"l* e'e(te" ! not!ri!l &ill &hen %he &!% 7 *e!r% ol"+ That will which is in English wasthumbmarked by her + She was illiterate. .!r(elin! bee!the" !ll her e%t!te to her %ppo%e" #r!n""!#hter .!ril*n+2hen .!r(elin! "ie", %he o&ne" ! 10-%!re meter lot !n" ho%e i n th!t pl!(e+- .!rin! P!5e, !lle#e" to be ! l!n"r*&om!n of .!r(elin! !n" the e'e(tri' in her &ill, file" &ith the Cort ! petition forthe prob!te of .!r(elin!$% !lle#e" &ill+ he (!%e &!% !%%i#ne" to )"#e >e*n!l"o P+ Bonr!"o+- )"#e Bonr!"o !ppointe" .!rin! !% !"mini%tr!tri'+- :pon motion of .!rin!, )"#e Bonr!"o i%%e" !nother or"er in%tr(tin# ! "ept* %heriff to e5e(t the o((p!nt% of thete%t!tri'$% ho%e, !mon# &hom &!% Nenit! V+ Sro?!, !n" to pl!(e .!rin! in po%%e%%ion thereof+ h!t or"er !lerte"Nenit! to the e'i%ten(e of the te%t!ment!r* pro(ee"in# for the %ettlement of .!r(elin!$% e%t!te+ She !n" the othero((p!nt% of the "e(e"ent$% ho%e file" ! motion to %et !%i"e the or"er e5e(tin# them+ he* !lle#e" th!t the "e(e"ent$%%on A#!pito &!% the %ole heir of the "e(e!%e", th!t he h!% ! "!#hter n!me" ili!, th!t Nenit! &!% A#!pito$% #!r"i!n!n" th!t .!ril*n &!% not A#!pito$% "!#hter nor the "e(e"ent$% #r!n""!#hter+ !ter, the* e%tione" the prob!te(ort$% 5ri%"i(tion to i%%e the e5e(tment or"er+-)"#e Bonr!"o i%%e" !n or"er prob!tin# her %ppo%e" &ill &herein .!ril*n &!% the in%titte" heire%%+- Nenit! file" in the te%t!te (!%e !n omnib% petition Dto %et !%i"e pro(ee"in#%, !"mit oppo%ition &ith (onter-petition for

!"mini%tr!tion !n" prelimin!r* in5n(tionD+ Nenit! reiter!te" her !lle#!tion th!t .!ril*n &!% ! %tr!n#er to .!r(elin!, th!tthe &ill &!% not "l* e'e(te" !n" !tte%te", th!t it &!% pro(re" b* me!n% of n"e inflen(e emplo*e" b* .!rin! !n".!ril*n !n" th!t the thmbm!r% of t he te%t!tri' &ere pro(re" b* fr!" or tri(+- .!rin! in her !n%&er !"mitte" th!t .!ril*n &!% not .!r(elin!$% #r!n""!#hter bt &!% the "!#hter of A#!pito !nd Arsenia de la Cruz and that Agapito was not Marcelina's son bt merel* !n anak-anakan &ho &!% not le#!ll* !"opte"+- )"#e Bonr!"o "i%mi%%e" Nenit!$% (onter-petition for the i%%!n(e of letter% of !"mini%tr!tion be(!%e of the non-!ppe!r!n(e of her (on%el !t the he!rin#+- In ! motion for the (on%oli"!tion of !ll pen"in# i n(i"ent%, Nenit! V+ Sro?! reiter!te" her (ontention th!t the !lle#e" &illi% oi" be(!%e .!r(elin! "i" not !ppe!r before the not!r* !n" be(!%e it i% &ritten in En#li%h &hi(h i% not no&n toher+- )"#e Bonr!"o D"enie"D the !rio% in(i"ent% Dr!i%e"D b* Nenit!+- Nenit! Dfile" ! (!%e t o !nnlD the prob!te pro(ee"in#% &hi(h &!% !%%i#ne" to )"#e Bonr!"o+ It &!% "i%mi%%e"+- )"#e Bonr!"o (lo%e" the te%t!ment!r* pro(ee"in#+- Abot ten month% l!ter, Nenit! (h!r#e" )"#e Bonr!"o &ith h!in# prob!te" the fr!"lent &ill of .!r(elin!+ Nenit!frther !lle#e" th!t )"#e Bonr!"o, in %pite of hi% no&le"#e th!t the te%t!tri' h!" ! %on n!me" A#!pito, &ho &!%

preterite" in the &ill, "i" not t!e into !((ont the (on%een(e% of %(h ! preterition+- Nenit! file" in the CA !#!in%t )"#e Bonr!"o ! petition for (ertior!ri !n" prohibition &herein %he pr!*e" th!t the &ill,the "e(ree of prob!te !n" !ll the pro(ee"in#% in the prob!te (!%e be "e(l!re" oi"+ Att!(he" to the petition &!% the!ffi"!it of


2/45


- In thi% (!%e, re%pon"ent 5"#e, on per%in# the &ill !n" notin# th!t it &!% &ritten in En#li%h !n" &!% thmbm!re" b*!n obio%l* illiter!te te%t!tri', (ol" h!e re!"il* per(eie" th!t the &ill i% oi"+- In the openin# p!r!#r!ph of the &ill, it &!% %t!te" th!t En#li%h &!% ! l!n#!#e Dn"er%too" !n" no&nD to the te%t!tri'+8t in it% (on(l"in# p!r!#r!ph, it &!% %t!te" th!t the &ill &!% re!" to the te%t!tri' D!n" tr!n%l!te" into Filipinol!n#!#eD+ h!t (ol" onl* me!n th!t the &ill &!% &ritten in ! l!n#!#e not no&n to the illiter!te te%t!tri' !n",therefore, it i% oi" be(!%e of the m!n"!tor* proi%ion of !rti(le =04 of the Ciil Co"e th!t eer* &ill m%t be e'e(te"in ! l!n#!#e or "i!le(t no&n to the te%t!tor+ h%, ! &ill &ritten in En#li%h, &hi(h &!% not no&n to the I#orot te%t!tor,

i% oi" !n" &!% "i%!llo&e"+:n"er the (ir(m%t!n(e%, &e fin" hi% ne#li#en(e !n" "ereli(tion of "t* to be ine'(%!ble+

/ALA0 v #L-1A1 SC>A 7

.EENCIO-BE>>E>A; September =, 19=4

FACTS- On September 1, 1971, pri!te re%pon"ent @>E@O>IO + AA2, (l!imin# to be the %ole heir of hi% "e(e!%e" %i%ter,N!tii"!" + !l!&, file" ! petiti on before the Cort of Fir%t In%t!n(e of 8!t!n#!%, 8r!n(h VI, ip! Ci t*, for the prob!te ofher holo#r!phi( 2ill e'e(te" on E@O>IO moe" for re(on%i"er!tion !r#in# th!t %in(e the !lter!tion% !n"Gor in%ertion% &ere thete%t!tri', the "eni!l to prob!te of her holo#r!phi( 2ill &ol" be (ontr!r* to her ri#ht of te%t!ment!r* "i%po%ition+>e(on%i"er!tion &!% "enie" in !n Or"er, "!te" Noember , 197, on the #ron" th!t Arti(le =14 of the Ciil Co"ebein# (le!r !n" e'pli(it reire% no ne(e%%it* for interpret!tion+

- From th!t Or"er, "!te" September , 197, "en*in# prob!te, !n" the Or"er "!te" Noember , 197 "en*in#re(on%i"er!tion, >OSA file" thi% Petition for >eie& on (ertior!ri

!SS"#2ON the original unaltered te't !fter %b%eent !lter!tion% !n" in%ertion% &ere oi"e" b* the ri!l Cort for l!( of!thenti(!tion b* the fll %i#n!tre of the te%t!tri'

$#LD- Or"in!ril*, &hen ! number of er!%re%, (orre(tion%, !n" interline!tion% m!"e b* the te%t!tor in ! holo#r!phi( 2ill li temnot been note" n"er hi% %i#n!tre+++ the 2ill i% not thereb* in!li"!te" !% ! &hole, bt !t m o%t onl* !% re%pe(t% thep!rti(l!r &or"% er!%e", (orre(te" or interline"+- Bo&eer, &hen !% in thi% (!%e, the holo#r!phi( 2ill in "i%pte h!" onl* one %b%t!nti!l proi%ion, &hi(h &!% !ltere" b*%b%tittin# the ori#in!l heir &ith !nother, bt &hi(h !lter!tion "i" not (!rr* the rei%ite of fll !thenti(!tion b* the fll%i#n!tre of the te%t!tor, the effe(t m%t be th!t the entire 2ill i% oi"e" or reoe" for the %imple re!%on th!t nothin#rem!in% in the 2ill !fter th!t &hi(h (ol" rem!in !li"+ o %t!te th!t the 2ill !% fir%t &ritten %hol" be #ien effi(!(* i% to"i%re#!r" the %eemin# (h!n#e of min" of t he te%t!tri'+ 8t th!t (h!n#e of min" (!n neither be #ien effe(t be(!%e %hef!ile" to !thenti(!te it in the m!nner reire" b* l!& b* !ffi'in# her fll %i#n!tre+

-"NDS ' and 2

1!!& #1-CAT!-N -F 0!LLS AND T#STA3#NTA4 D!S5-S!T!-N

L!5ANA v L!5ANA70 PBI =6.O>AN; )ne =, 1940

NAT"#Ori#in!l !(tion in the Spreme Cort+ Certior!ri+

FACTS- Elio"or! ip!n! file" !n !ppli(!tion f or the prob!te of ! &ill %ppo%e"l* e'e(te" b* the "e(e!%e", .!nel! ip!n!+- N!tii"!" ip!n! file" !n oppo%ition, !lle#in# th!t ei"en(e &!% nne(e%%!r* pon the %ppo%e" f!(t% !n" th!t the &ill&!% not e'e(te" !((or"in# to l!&+- he !ppli(!tion &!% "i%mi%%e" on the #ron" th!t %(h (op* (ol" not be !"mitte" to prob!te, it not h!in# been%i#ne" b* the te%t!tri' !n" the !tte%ti n# &itne%%e% !t the en" thereof !n" on the left m!r#in of e!(h p!#e+

!SS"#

2ON the "i%mi%%!l b* the re%pon"ent (ort &!% (orre(t

$#LDNOReasoning- he pronon(ement m!"e b* the re%pon"ent (ort th!t the &ill h!" not been e'e(te" in !((or"!n(e &ith l!&, i%fon"e" n"obte"l* on the erroneo% !%%mption th!t the prob!te of the (!rbon (op* of the &ill &!% bein# !pplie" for+S(h (op* &!% !tt!(he" to the !ppli(!tion merel* to (orrobor!te the !lle#!tion !% to the e'i%ten(e of it% ori#in!l !n" notto e%t!bli%h ! fll (ompli!n(e &ith the reirement% of the l!& !% to the e'e(tion of the &ill+- :n"er %e(tion 6 of A(t No+ 190, if ! &ill i% %ho&n to h!e been torn b* %ome other per%on &ithot the e'pre%%"ire(tion of the te%t!tor, it m!* be !"mitte" to prob!te, if it% (ontent%, "e e'e(tion !n" it% n!thori?e" "e%tr(tion !ree%t!bli%he" b* %!ti%f!(tor* ei"en(e+- he !ppli(!nt, therefore, &!% entitle" to he!rin# to proe the "e e'e(tion of the ori#in!l &ill !n" it% lo%% or"e%tr(tion, !n" the re%pon"ent (ort h!" no %t!ttor* !thorit* to "i%mi%% the !ppli(!tion &ithot %(h he!rin#+- It i% !lle#e" therein th!t the ori#in!l &!% in the po%%e%%ion of ! thir" per%on or th!t it &!% either lo%t or "e%tro*e" b*

%ome per%on other th!n the te%t!tri'+ he !ppli(!nt, therefore, &!% entitle" to he!rin# to proe the "e e'e(tion of t heori#in!l &ill !n" it% lo%% or "e%tr(tion, !n" the re%pon"ent (ort h!" no %t!ttor* !thorit* to "i%mi%% the !ppli(!tion&ithot %(h he!rin#, !ll in !((or"!n(e &ith Se(+ 6 of A(t 190+

GAG- v 3A3"4AC49 Phil 90

)OBNSON; )!n 9, 197

FACTS- .i#el .!m*!( e'e(te" ! l!%t &ill !n" te%t!ment on )l* 7, 191= /fir%t &ill+ On )!n, 19, Fr!n(i%(o @!#opre%ente" ! petition in the CFI of ! :nion for the prob!tion of th!t &ill+ hi% &!% oppo%e" b* Cornelio .!m*!(,Ambro%io !rio%!, Feli(i!n! 8!?on, !n" C!t!lin! .!m*!(+ he petition for prob!tion &!% "enie" on the #ron" th!tthe "e(e!%e" h!" e'e(te" ! ne& &ill !n" te%t!ment on April 16, 1919 /%e(on" &ill+ .i#el .!m*!( "ie" on )!n ,19+

- he pre%ent petition, file" on Feb 1, 19, i% inten"e" to %e(re the prob!tion of the %e(on" &ill+ Cornelio .!m*!(,Ambro%io !rio%!, Feli(i!n! 8!?on, !n" C!t!lin! .!m*!( pre%ente" t heir oppo%ition%, !lle#in# /a th!t the %!i" &ill i%


3/45


! (op* of the %e(on" &ill !n" te%t!ment e'e(te" b* the %!i" .i#el .!m*!(; /b th!t the %!me h!" been (!n(elle"!n" reoe" "rin# the lifetime of .i#el .!m*!( !n" /c th!t the %!i" &ill &!% not the l!%t &ill !n" te%t!ment of the"e(e!%e" .i#el .!m*!(+- he CFI "enie" the prob!tion of the %e(on" &ill, pon the #ron" th!t the %!me h!" been (!n(elle" !n" reoe" in the*e!r 190+- @!#o (onten"% th!t the lo&er (ort (ommitte" !n error in not fin"in# from the ei"en(e th!t the &ill in e%tion h!"been e'e(te" &ith !ll the form!litie% reire" b* the l!&; th!t the %!me h!" been reoe" !n" (!n(elle" in 190 before

hi% "e!th; th!t the %!i" &ill &!% ! mere (!rbon (op* !n" th!t the oppo%itor% &ere not e%toppe" from !lle#in# th!t f!(t+

!SS"#2ON the CFI erre" in not #r!ntin# the prob!tion of .i#el .!m*!(H% %e(on" &ill

$#LDN-- A% to the (!n(ell!tion of the &ill, there i% po%itie proof, not "enie", &hi(h &!% !((epte" b* the lo&er (ort, th!t &ill ine%tion h!" been (!n(elle" in 190+ he l!& "oe% not reire !n* ei"en(e of the reo(!tion or (!n(ell!tion of ! &ill tobe pre%ere"+ he f!(t th!t %(h (!n(ell!tion or reo(!tion h!% t!en pl!(e m%t either rem!in nproe" or be inferre"from ei"en(e %ho&in# th!t !fter "e %e!r(h the ori#in!l &ill (!nnot be fon"+ 2here ! &ill &hi(h (!nnot be fon" i%%ho&n to h!e been in the po%%e%%ion of the te%t!tor, &hen l!%t %een, the pre%mption i%, in the !b%en(e of other(ompetent ei"en(e, th!t the %!me &!% (!n(elle" or "e%tro*e"+ he %!me pre%mption !ri%e% &here it i% %ho&n th!tthe te%t!tor h!" re!"* !((e%% to the &ill !n" it (!nnot be fon" !fter hi% "e!th+ It &ill not be pre%me" th!t %(h &ill h!%been "e%tro*e" b* !n* other per%on &ithot the no&le"#e or !thorit* of the te%t!tor+ he for(e of the pre%mption of

(!n(ell!tion or reo(!tion b* the te%t!tor, &hile !r*in# #re!tl*, bein# &e! or %tron# !((or"in# to the (ir(m%t!n(e%, i%neer (on(l%ie, bt m!* be oer(ome b* proof th!t the &ill &!% not "e%tro*e" b* the te%t!tor &ith intent t o reoe it+- In ! pro(ee"in# to prob!te ! &ill the br"en of proof% i% pon the proponent (le!rl* to e%t!bli%h not onl* it% e'e(tionbt it% e'i%ten(e+ B!in# proe" it% e'e(tion b* the proponent%, the br"en i% on the (onte%t!nt to %ho& th!t it h!%been reoe"+ In ! #re!t m!5orit* of in%t!n(e% in &hi(h &ill% !re "e%tro*e" for the prpo%e of reoin# them there i% no&itne%% to the !(t of (!n(ell!tion or "e%tr(tion !n" !ll ei"en(e of it% (!n(ell!tion peri%he% &ith the te%t!tor+ Copie% of&ill% %hol" be !"mitte" b* the (ort% &ith #re!t (!tion+ 2hen it i% proen, ho&eer, b* proper te%timon* th!t ! &ill &!%e'e(te" in "pli(!te !n" e!(h (op* &!% e'e(te" &ith !ll the form!litie% !n" reirement% of the l!&, then the"pli(!te m!* be !"mitte" in ei"en(e &hen it i% m!"e to !ppe!r th!t the ori#in!l h!% been lo%t !n" &!% not (!n(elle"or "e%tro*e" b* the te%t!tor+ /8orromeo%s. C!%i5o

3AL-T- v CA1 SC>A 41

SA>.IENO; Febr!r* 9, 19==

FACTS- O(t+0, 196, A"ri!n! .!loto "ie" le!in# !% heir% her nie(e !n" nephe&%, the petitioner% Al"in! .!loto-C!%i!no !n"Con%t!n(io .!loto, !n" the pri!te re%pon"ent% P!nfilo .!loto !n" Felino .!loto+ 8eliein# th!t the "e(e!%e" "i" notle!e behin" ! l!%t &ill !n" te%t!ment, the%e for heir% (ommen(e" !n inte%t!te pro(ee"in# for the %ettlement of their!nt$% e%t!te+ Bo&eer, &hile the (!%e &!% %till in pro#re%%, the p!rtie% e'e(te" !n !#reement of e'tr!5"i(i!l%ettlement of A"ri!n!$% e%t!te+ he !#reement proi"e" for the "ii%ion of the e%t!te into for e!l p!rt% !mon# thep!rtie%+ he .!loto% then pre%ente" the e'tr!5"i(i!l %ettlement !#reement to the tri!l (ort for !ppro!l &hi(h the (ort"i"+- *e!r% l!ter, Att*+ Slpi(io P!lm!, ! former !%%o(i!te of A"ri!n!$% (on%el /Att+Ber!%, "i%(oere" ! "o(mententitle" DAAP:SAN N@A PA@8:8:A-AN /e%t!mento,D "!te" )!n!r* ,1940, !n" prportin# to be the l!%t &ill!n" te%t!ment of A"ri!n!+ Att*+ P!lm! (l!ime" to h!e fon" the te%t!ment, the ori#in!l (op*, &hile he &!% #oin#thro#h %ome m!teri!l% in%i"e the (!binet "r!&er formerl* %e" b* Att*+ Ber!%+- he "o(ment &!% %bmitte" to the offi(e of the (ler of the CFI of Iloilo+ In(i"ent!ll*, &hile P!nfilo !n" Felino !re %tilln!me" !% heir% in the %!i" &ill, Al"in! !n" Con%t!n(io !re bee!the" m(h bi##er !n" more !l!ble %h!re% in thee%t!te of A"ri!n! th!n &h!t the* re(eie" b* irte of the !#reement of e'tr!5"i(i!l %ettlement the* h!" e!rlier %i#ne"+he &ill lie&i%e #ie% "ei%e% !n" le#!(ie% to other p!rtie%, !mon# them bein# the petitioner% A%ilo "e .olo, the>om!n C!tholi( Chr(h of .olo, !n" Prifi(!(ion .ir!flor+

- h%, Al"in! !n" Con%t!n(io, 5oine" b* the other "ei%ee% !n" le#!tee% n!me" in the &ill, file" in Spe(i!l Pro(ee"in#No+ 176 ! motion for re(on%i"er!tion !n" !nnlment of the pro(ee"in#% therein !n" for the !llo&!n(e of the &ill+ 2henthe tri!l (ort "enie" their motion, the petitioner (!me to %+ 2e "i%mi%%e" th!t petition !n" !"i%e" th!t ! %ep!r!tepro(ee"in# for the prob!te of the !lle#e" &ill &ol" be the !ppropri!te ehi(le+- Si#nifi(!ntl*, the !ppell!te (ort &hile fin"in# !% in(on(l%ie the m!tter on 2ON the "o(ment or p!per% !lle#e"l*brne" b* the ho%ehelp of A"ri!n!, pon in%tr(tion% of the te%t!tri', &!% in"ee" the &ill, (ontr!"i(te" it%elf !n" fon"th!t the &ill h!" been reoe"+ he CA %t!te" th!t the pre%en(e of !nim% reo(!n"i in the "e%tr(tion of the &ill h!",

neerthele%%, been %ffi(ientl* proen+ he !ppell!te (ort b!%e" it% fin"in# on the f!(t% th!t the "o(ment &!% not inthe t&o %!fe% in A"ri!n!$% re%i"en(e, b* the te%t!tri' #oin# to the re%i"en(e of Att*+ Ber!% to retriee ! (op* of the &illleft in the l!tter$% po%%e%%ion, !n", her %eein# the %eri(e% of Att*+ P!lm! in or"er to h!e ! ne& &ill "r!&n p+

!SS"#S1+ 2ON the &ill &!% reoe" b* A"ri!n!++ 2ON the (!%e i% b!rre" b* re% 5 "i(!t!+

$#LD1+ NO+Ratio he proi%ion% of the NCC pertinent to the i%%e (!n be fon" in Arti(le =0+1 It i% (le!r th!t the ph*%i(!l !(t of"e%tr(tion of ! &ill, lie brnin# in thi% (!%e, "oe% not per %e (on%titte !n effe(tie reo(!tion, nle%% the "e%tr(tion i%(ople" &ith !nim% reo(!n"i on the p!rt of the te%t!tor+ It i% not imper!tie th!t the ph*%i(!l "e%tr(tion be "one b*the te%t!tor him%elf+ It m!* be performe" b* !nother per%on bt n"er the e'pre%% "ire(tion !n" in the pre%en(e of thete%t!tor+ Of (or%e, it #oe% &ithot %!*in# th!t the "o(ment "e%tro*e" m%t be the &ill it%elf+

Reasoning In thi% (!%e, &hile !nim% reo(!n"i or the intention to reoe, m!* be (on(e"e", for th!t i% ! %t!te of min",*et th!t rei%ite !lone &ol" not %ffi(e+ Anim% reo(!n"i i% onl* one of the ne(e%%!r* element% for the effe(tiereo(!tion of ! l!%t &ill !n" te%t!ment+ he intention to reoe m%t be !((omp!nie" b* the oert ph*%i(!l !(t ofbrnin#, te!rin#, obliter!tin#, or (!n(ellin# the &ill (!rrie" ot b* the te%t!tor or b* !nother per%on in hi% pre%en(e !n"n"er hi% e'pre%% "ire(tion+ here i% p!(it* of ei"en(e to %ho& (ompli!n(e &ith the%e reirement%+ For one, the"o(ment or p!per% brne" b* A"ri!n!$% m!i" &!% not %!ti%f!(toril* e%t!bli%he" to be ! &ill !t !ll, m(h le%% the &ill ofA"ri!n!+ For !nother, the brnin# &!% not proen to h!e been "one n"er the e'pre%% "ire(tion of A"ri!n!+ An" then,the brnin# &!% not in her pre%en(e+ 8oth &itne%%e% &ere one in %t!tin# th!t the* &ere the onl* one% pre%ent !t thepl!(e &here the %toe /pre%m!bl* in the it(hen &!% lo(!te" in &hi(h the p!per% proffere" !% ! &ill &ere brne"+- he re%pon"ent !ppell!te (ort in !%%e%%in# the ei"en(e pre%ente" b* the pri!te re%pon"ent%, (on(l"e" th!t thete%timon* of the t&o &itne%%e% &ho te%tifie" in f!or of the &ill$% reo(!tion !ppe!r Din(on(l%ie+D 2e %h!re the %!meie&+ No&here in the re(or"% before % "oe% it !ppe!r th!t the t&o &itne%%e%, @!"!lpe !n" El!"io, both illiter!te%,&ere neio(!bl* po%itie th!t the "o(ment brne" &!% in"ee" A"ri!n!$% &ill++ NO+he re%pon"ent% (l!im th!t thi% b!r &!% bro#ht !bot b* the petitioner%$ f!ilre to !ppe!l timel* from the or"er of the

tri!l (ort in the inte%t!te pro(ee"in# "en*in# their /petitioner%$ motion to reopen the (!%e, !n" their pr!*er to !nnl thepreio% pro(ee"in#% therein !n" to !llo& the l!%t &ill !n" te%t!ment of the l!te A"ri!n!+he "o(trine of re% !"5"i(!t! fin"% no !ppli(!tion in the pre%ent (ontroer%*+ 2e "o not fin" here the pre%en(e of !ll t herei%ite% of re% 5"i(!t!+here i% *et, %tri(tl* %pe!in#, no fin!l 5"#ment ren"ere" in%of!r !% the prob!te of A"ri!n! .!loto$% &ill i% (on(erne"+Neither i% it ! 5"#ment on the merit% of the !(tion for prob!te+ here i% lie&i%e no I"entit* bet&een the (!%e of !(tionin inte%t!te pro(ee"in# !n" th!t in !n !(tion for prob!te+

3-L- v 3-L-90 PBI 7

1 Art+ =0+ No &ill %h!ll be reoe" e'(ept in the follo&in# (!%e%

/1 8* impli(!tion of l!&; or/ 8* %ome &ill, (o"i(il, or other &ritin# e'e(te" !% proi"e" in (!%e of &ill% or/ &y burning tearing cancelling or obliterating the will with the intention o" re%oking it by the testator himsel" or by some other person in his presence and by his e!press direction. (" burned torn cancelled or obliterated by some other person without the e!press direction o" the testator the will may still be established

and the estate distributed in accordance therewith i" its contents and due e!ecution and the "act o" its unauthorized destruction cancellation or obliteration areestablished according to the )ules o" Court.


4/45


AN@EO; 191

NAT"#Appe!l from !n or"er of the Cort of Fir%t In%t!n(e of >i?!l !"mittin# to prob!te the l!%t &ill !n" te%t!ment of the"e(e!%e" .!ri!no .olo * e#!%pi e'e(te" on A#%t 17, 191=+

FACTS

.!ri!no .olo * e#!%pi "ie" on )!n!r* 4, 1941, in the mni(ip!lit* of P!%!*, proin(e of >i?!l, &ithot le!in# !n*for(e" heir either in the "e%(en"in# or !%(en"in# line+ Be &!% %rie", ho&eer, b* hi% &ife, the herein petitioner)!n! )!n V"!+ "e .olo, !n" b* hi% nie(e% !n" nephe&, the oppo%itor%-!ppell!nt%, ?, @li(eri! !n" Cornelio, !ll%rn!me" .olo, &ho &ere the le#itim!te (hil"ren of C!n"i"o .olo * e#!%pi, "e(e!%e" brother of the te%t!tor+ .!ri!no.olo * e#!%pi left two wills, one e'e(te" on A#%t 17, 191=, !n" !nother e'e(te" on )ne 0, 199+ BEAE> 2I CONAINS A CA:SE 2BICB EP>ESS3 >EVOES BE 2I EEC:E< IN 191=+On Febr!r* 7, 1941, )!n! )!n V"!+ "e .olo file" in the Cort of Fir%t In%t!n(e of >i?!l ! petition, %eein# theprob!te of the &ill e'e(te" b* the "e(e!%e" on )ne 0, 199+ here bein# no oppo%ition, the &ill &!% prob!te"+Bo&eer, pon petition file" b* the herein oppo%itor%, the or"er of the (ort !"mittin# the &ill to prob!te &!% %et !%i"e!n" the (!%e &!% reopene"+ After he!rin#, !t &hi(h both p!rtie% pre%ente" their ei"en(e, the (ort ren"ere" "e(i%iondenying the +robate of said will on the grond that the +etitioner failed to +rove that the same was exe%ted ina%%ordan%e with law&In ie& of the "i%!llo&!n(e of the &ill e'e(te" on )ne 0, 199, the &i"o& on Febr!r* 4, 1944,filed another+etition for the +robate of the will exe%ted by the de%eased on Agst 67, 6869 , in the %!me (ort+ A#!in, the%!me oppo%itor% file" !n oppo%ition to the petition b!%e" on three #ron"% /1 th!t petitioner i% no& e%toppe" from

%eein# the prob!te of the &ill of 191=; / th!t %!i" &ill h!% not been e'e(te" in the m!nner reire" b* l!& !n" /th!t the &ill h!% been %b%eentl* reoe"+

!SS"#2ON the "e(l!r!tion of nllit* of ! %b%eent &ill b* the prob!te (ort /the 199 &ill in thi% (!%e, &hi(h prport% toreoe the 191= &ill &ol" h!e the effe(t of re%rre(tin# the prior &ill+

$#LD3EShi% i% the INE OF EVOCAION+ he f!ilre of the ne& te%t!ment!r* "i%po%ition,pon &ho%e !li"it* the reo(!tion "epen"%, i% ei!lent to the non-flfillment of ! %%pen%ie (on"ition, !n" BENCEP>EVENS BE >EVOCAION OF BE O>I@INA 2I+ 8t ! mere intent to m!e !t %ome time ! &ill in pl!(e ofth!t "e%tro*e" &ill not ren"er the "e%tr(tion (on"ition!l+ It m%t !ppe!r th!t the reo(!tion i% "epen"ent pon the !li"e'e(tion of ! ne& &ill+DA %b%eent &ill, (ont!inin# ! (l!%e reoin# ! preio% &ill, h!in# been "i%!llo&e", for the re!%on th!t it &!% not

e'e(te" in (onformit* &ith the proi%ion% of %e(tion 61= of the Co"e of Ciil Pro(e"re !% to the m!in# of &ill%, (!nnotpro"(e the effe(t of !nnllin# the preio% &ill, in!%m(h !% %!i" reo(!tor* (l!%e i% oi" /S!m%on %+ N!!l, 41 Phil+,==++BE BEO>3 ON 2BICB BIS P>INCIPE IS P>E SA BEI>+ BE>E CAN BE>EFO>E 8ENO .ISAE AS O BIS I NENION OF CANCES O> O3S A 2I O> EEC:ES AN INS>:.EN INENEVOE A 2I 2IB A P>ESEN INENION O .AE A NE2 ESA.ENA>3 BE O , AN< BAS 8EEN APPIE< 2BE>E A 2I 2AS O3E< AS A CONSE:ENCE OF A .ISAEOF A2 + + ++D /6= C+ )++ 799+Dhe rle i% e%t!bli%he" th!t &here the !(t of "e%tr(tion i% (onne(te" &ith the m!in# of !nother &ill %o !% f!irl* to r!i%ethe inferen(e th!t the te%t!tor me!nt the reo(!tion of the ol" to "epen" pon the effi(!(* of the ne& "i%po%itioninten"e" to be %b%titte", the reo(!tion &ill be (on"ition!l !n" "epen"ent pon the effi(!(* of the ne& "i%po%ition;!n" if, for !n* re!%on, the ne& &ill inten"e" to be m!"e !% ! %b%titte i% inoper!tie, the reo(!tion f!il% !n" theori#in!l &ill rem!in% in fll for(e+D /@!r"ner, pp+ , +Dhi% i% the "o(trine of "epen"ent rel!tie reo(!tion+ he f!ilre of the ne& te%t!ment!r* "i%po%ition, pon &ho%e!li"it* the reo(!tion "epen"%, i% ei!lent to the non-flfillment of ! %%pen%ie (on"ition, !n" hen(e preent% thereo(!tion of the ori#in!l &ill+ 8t ! mere intent to m!e !t %ome time ! &ill in pl!(e of th!t "e%tro*e" &ill not ren"er the

"e%tr(tion (on"ition!l+ It m%t !ppe!r th!t the reo(!tion i% "epen"ent pon the !li" e'e(tion of ! ne& &ill+D /1Ale'!n"er, p+ 71; @!r"ner, p+ +2e hol", therefore, th!t een in the %ppo%ition th!t the "e%tr(tion of the ori#in!l &ill b* the te%t!tor (ol" be pre%me"from the f!ilre of the petitioner to pro"(e it in (ort, %(h "e%tr(tion (!nnot h!e the effe(t of "efe!tin# the prior &illof 191= be(!%e of the f!(t th!t it i% fon"e" on the mi%t!en belief th!t the &ill of 199 h!% been !li"l* e'e(te" !n"&ol" be #ien "e effe(t+

!:& ALL-0ANC# -F 0!LLS

G"#1AA v G"#1AA74 Phil 479

OKAEA;


5/45


->o%!rio @e!r!, &ho h!" her f!ther$% l!%t &ill !n" te%t!ment in her (%to"*, "i" nothin# 5"i(i!ll* to inoe thete%t!ment!r* "i%po%ition% m!"e therein in her f!or, &hereb* the te%t!tor !(no&le"#e" her !% hi% n!tr!l "!#hter!n", !%i"e from (ert!in le#!(ie% !n" bee%t%, "ei%e" to her ! portion of 1+6171 he(t!re% of the l!r#e p!r(el of l!n""e%(ribe" in the &ill+ 8t ! little oer for *e!r% !fter the te%t!tor$% "emi%e, %he (ommen(e" the pre%ent !(tion !#!in%tErne%to .+ @e!r! !lone for the prpo%e hereinbefore in"i(!te"; !n" it &!% onl* "rin# the tri!l of thi% (!%e th!t %hepre%ente" the &ill to the (ort, not for the prpo%e of h!in# it prob!te" bt onl* to proe th!t the "e(e!%e" Vi(torino +@e!r! h!" !(no&le"#e" her !% hi% n!tr!l "!#hter+ :pon th!t proof of !(no&le"#ment %he (l!ime" her %h!re of

the inherit!n(e from him, bt on the theor* or !%%mption th!t he "ie" inte%t!te, be(!%e the &ill h!" not beenprob!te", for &hi(h re!%on, %he !%%erte", the betterment therein m!"e b* the te%t!tor in f!or of hi% le#itim!te %onErne%to .+ @e!r! %hol" be "i%re#!r"e"+ 8oth the tri!l (ort !n" the Cort of Appe!l% %%t!ine" th!t theor*+

!SS"#2ON the pro(e"re !"opte" b* the >o%!rio @e!r! i% %!n(tione" b* l !&

$#LDNo+ 2e (!nnot %!n(tion the pro(e"re !"opte" b* the re%pon"ent >o%!rio @e!r!, it bein# in iol!tion of pro(e"r!ll!& !n" !n !ttempt to (ir(ment !n" "i%re#!r" the l!%t &ill !n" te%t!ment of the "e(e"ent+ he Co"e of CiilPro(e"re, &hi(h &!% in for(e p to the time thi% (!%e &!% "e(i"e" b* the tri!l (ort, (ont!in% the follo&in# pertinentproi%ion%DSe(+ 6+Allo&!n(e Ne(e%%!r*, !n" Con(l%ie !% to E'e(tion+ L No &ill %h!ll p!%% either the re!l or per%on!l e%t!te,nle%% it i% proe" !n" !llo&e" in the Cort of Fir%t In%t!n(e, or b* !ppe!l to the Spreme Cort; !n" the !llo&!n(e b*the (ort of ! &ill of re!l !n" per%on!l e%t!te %h!ll be (on(l%ie !% to it% "e e'e(tion+

DSe(+ 66+C%to"i!n of 2ill to le 77, !n"%e(tion 64, C+ C+ P+-It &ill re!"il* be %een from the !boe proi%ion% of the l!& th!t the pre%ent!tion of ! &ill to the (ort for prob!te i%m!n"!tor* !n" it% !llo&!n(e b* the (ort i% e%%enti!l !n" in"i%pen%!ble to it% effi(!(*+ o !%%re !n" (ompel theprob!te of ! &ill, the l!& pni%he% ! per%on &ho ne#le(t% hi% "t* to pre%ent it to the (ort &ith ! fine not e'(ee"in#P,000, !n" if he %hol" per%i%t in not pre%entin# it, he m!* be (ommitte" to pri%on !n" ept there ntil he "elier% the&ill+-2e hol" th!t if the "e(e"ent left ! &ill !n" no "ebt% !n" the heir% !n" le#!tee% "e%ire to m!e !n e'tr!5"i(i!l p!rtitionof the e%t!te, the* m%t fir%t pre%ent th!t &ill to the (ort for prob!te !n" "ii"e the e%t!te in !((or"!n(e &ith the &ill+he* m!* not "i%re#!r" the proi%ion% of the &ill nle%% tho%e proi%ion% !re (ontr!r* to l!&+ Neither m!* the* "o !&!*

&ith the pre%ent!tion of the &ill to the (ort for prob!te, be(!%e %(h %ppre%%ion of the &ill i% (ontr!r* to l!& !n"pbli( poli(*+ he l!& en5oin% the prob!te of the &ill !n" pbli( poli(* reire% it, be(!%e nle%% the &ill i% prob!te" !n"noti(e thereof #ien to the &hole &orl", the ri#ht of ! per%on to "i%po%e of hi% propert* b* &ill m!* be ren"ere" n#!tor*,

!% i% !ttempte" to be "one in the in%t!nt (!%e+ Ab%ent le#!tee% !n" "ei%ee%, or %(h of them !% m!* h!e nono&le"#e of the &ill, (ol" be (he!te" of their inherit!n(e thr the (oll%ion of %ome of the heir% &ho mi#ht !#ree tothe p!rtition of the e%t!te !mon# them%ele% to the e'(l%ion of other%+

D# B-;A v 1DA& D# D# B-;A@> -=040

>E3ES, )8; A#%t 1=, 197NAT"#Appe!l from "e(i%ion% of CFI >i?!l /h!n"lin# prob!te pro(ee"in# of )o%ef! !n" CFI N:e! E(i5! /h!n"lin# prob!te ofFr!n(i%(o

FACTS- C!%t of Ch!r!(ter%Fr!n(i%(o "e 8or5! M h%b!n"G f!ther+ el!tion%hip bet&een n" &ife !n" i"% of 1%t m!rri!#e %in(e then h!" beenpl!#e" &ith m!n* %it% /1= pen"in#+

- o pt !n" en" to the nmero% liti#!tion%, ! (ompromi%e !#reement &!% entere" into, bet&een )o%e per%on!ll* !n"!% !"mini%tr!tor of the e%t!te of )o%ef!, !n" !%i!n!, !% the %riin# %po%e !n" !"mini%tr!tri' of the e%t!te ofFr!n(i%(o+ It proi"e" th!t &ith the mt!l "e%ire to termin!te !n" %ettle the !rio% (ort liti#!tion%, )o%e &ill p!*!%i!n! P=00,000 /P00,000 for e!(h (hil" &hi(h !mont %h!ll be (on%i"ere" !% the (omplete !n" fll p!*ment !n"%ettlement of her here"it!r* %h!re in the e%t!te of Fr!n(i%(o+ he (ompromi%e !l%o %ere" !% it (l!im+- the (ompromi%e !#reement &!% pre%ente" for !ppro!l to the (ort% &here the prob!te pro(ee"in#% of the e%t!te% of)o%ef! !n" Fr!n(i%(o &ere pen"in#+ Bo&eer, !%i!n!, !pp!rentl* h!in# h!" (h!n#e" her min" !bot the(ompromi%e, oppo%e" %(h %bmi%%ion for !ppro!l+ She (l!im% th!t /1 the heir% (!nnot enter into %(h in" of!#reement &ithot fir%t prob!tin# the &ill of Fr!n(i%(o "e 8or5!; / it inole% ! (ompromi%e on the !li"it* of them!rri!#e bet&een Fr!n(i%(o !n" !%i!n!; !n" / th!t een if it &ere !li", it h!% (e!%e" to h!e for(e !n" effe(t

!SS"#1+ 2ON the (ompromi%e !#reement &!% !li" !n" bin"in#

$#LD1+ 3ESReasoning*+, that probate is "irst reuired be"ore any agreement may be entered,- !%i!n! relie% on the rlin# in ue%ara %. ue%ara, &herein the (ort %!i" th!t the pre%ent!tion of the &ill for prob!tei% m!n"!tor* !n" th!t the %ettlement !n" "i%tribtion of the e%t!te on the b!%i% of inte%t!(* &hen the "e(e"ent left ! &ill,i% !#!in%t l!& !n" pbli( poli(*+ h%, !%i!n! m!in!t!in% th!t %in(e Fr!n(i%(o left ! &ill, the %!me m%t be prob!te"!n" !n* !#reement to the (ontr!r* i% in!li"+- Bo&eer, SC rle" in thi% (!%e th!tue%ara i% not !ppli(!ble %in(e &h!t i% inole" i% not the "i%tribtion or %ettlementof the entire e%t!te, bt the %!le of the %h!re of !%i!n! in f!or of t he other heir%+- there i% no le#!l b!r to !n heir /&ith rei%ite (ontr!(tin# (!p!(it* "i%po%in# of hi% here"it!r* %h!re imme"i!tel* !fter%(h "e!th, een if the !(t!l e'tent of %(h %h!re i% not "etermine" ntil the %b%eent lii"!tion of the e%t!te+ Of(or%e, the effe(t of %(h !lien!tion i% to be "eeme" limite" to &h!t i% ltim!tel* !"5"i(!te" to the en"or heir- bein# the %riin# %po%e of the "e(e"ent, !%i!n! nee" not !&!it the ot(ome of the prob!te pro(ee"in#% %in(e %he&!% (on%i"ere" b* l!& !% ! (ompl%or* heir+ h%, the prerei%ite of ! preio% prob!te of the &ill, !% e%t!bli%he" inue%ara (!n not !ppl* to the (!%e of !%i!n!

*/, that it i n%ol%es compromise o" the %alidity o" the /nd marriage


6/45


- the m!rri!#e h!% implie"l* been re(o#ni?e" b* )o%e i n %i#nin# the (ompromi%e !#reement &hi(h "e%(ribe" !%i!n! !%the %riin# %po%e of Fr!n(i%(o+ hi% %ere% !% re(o#nition of her (iil %t!t%

*0, that it ceased to ha%e "orce and e""ect -thi% &!% r!i%e" be(!%e )o%e file" ! motion AFE> %bmittin# the (ompromi%e !#reement for !ppro!l, &hi(h %t!te"th!t no !mi(!ble %ettlement h!" been !rrie" !t !n" th!t the (ompromi%e !#reement f!ile" to m!teri!li?e, !lle#e"l*%ho&in# !b!n"onment of the (ompromi%e !#reement %i#ne"

-SC %!i" th!t %(h "e(l!r!tion in the motion onl* %ho&% th!t !n* effort to re!(h !n !mi(!ble %ettlement !fter !%i!n!nil!ter!ll* b!(e" ot of the (ompromi%e h!" f!ile"+ Bo&eer, thi% "oe% not !ffe(t the !li"it* !n" bin"in# for(e of the(ompromi%e !#reement !lre!"* re!(he", %i#ne", !n" not!ri?e"+ he f!ilre to re!(h ! no!tor* !((or" (!n notin!li"!te the ori#in!l (ompromi%e+

GALLAN-SA v ACANG#L= SC>A 676

A:INO; )ne 1, 197=

NAT"#Spe(i!l (iil !(tion of (ertior!ri

FACTS- Florentino Bito%i% e'e(te" ! &ill in the 8i(ol "i!le(t on )ne 19, 19= &hen he &!% =1 *o+ Be "ie" on .!* 6, 199 !tIro%in, Sor%o#on+ A (hil"le%% &i"o&er, he &!% %rie" b* hi% brother, eon+ On )ne 4, 199 ! petition for the prob!teof hi% &ill &!% file" in CFI Sor%o#on+ he noti(e of he!rin# &!% "l* pbli%he" in th!t &ill+ Florentino bee!the" hi% %h!re in the (on5#!l e%t!te to hi% %e(on" &ife, e(l! ier!, in hi%"e(i%ion of O(tober 7, 199, !"mitte" the &ill to prob!te !n" !ppointe" @!ll!no%! !% e'e(tor+ )"#e >ier!%pe(ifi(!ll* fon" th!t the te%t!tor e'e(te" hi% l!%t &ill Den5o*in# #oo" he!lth !n" ment!l f!(ltie% !n" not !(tin# n"erthre!t, fr!" or n"e inflen(e D Q6828 D#C## -F 5-BAT#< + he te%t!tor$% le#!l heir% "i" not !ppe!l from the"e(ree of prob!te /199 !n" from the or"er of p!rtition !n" "i%tribtion /1941 of 61 p!r(el% of l!n" b* @!ll!no%!%po%e% !n" Fort!5!"!+- On Febr!r* 0, 19, eon Bito%i% !n" nephe&% !n" nie(e% in%titte" !n !(tion in CFI Sor%o#on !#!in%t Pe"ro@!ll!no%! for the re(oer* of the %!i" 61 p!r(el% of l!n"+ he* !lle#e" th!t the* h!" been in (ontino% po%%e%%ion oftho%e l!n"% en (on(epto "e "eRo !n" th!t @!ll!no%! entere" tho%e l!n"% in 191 !n" !%%erte" o&ner%hip oer thel!n"%+ he* pr!*e" th!t the* be "e(l!re" the o&ner% of the l!n"%, be re%tore" to the po%%e%%ion thereof !n" !l%o(l!ime" "!m!#e% /Ciil C!%e No+ 696+ =68*' C-35A!NT<- CFI: le 76, no& %e(+ 1, >le 7, >le% of Cort; !%t p!r+ of !rt+ ==, Ciil Co"e+ h!t me!n% th!t the te%t!tor &!% of%on" !n" "i%po%in# min" !t the time &hen he e'e(te" the &ill !n" &!% not !(tin# n"er "re%%, men!(e, fr!", orn"e inflen(e; th!t the &ill &!% %i#ne" b* him in the pre%en(e of the reire" nmber of &itne%%e%, !n" th!t the &ill i%#enine !n" i% not ! for#er*+ A((or"in#l*, the%e f!(t% (!nnot !#!in be e%tione" in ! %b%eent pro(ee"in#, not eenin ! (rimin!l !(tion for the for#er* of the &ill+ / .or!n$% Comment% on the >le% of Cort, 1970 E"ition, p+ 9;.!n!h!n %+ .!n!h!n+-Austria vs. Ventenilla ! Dpetition for !nnlment of ! &illD &!% not entert!ine" !fter the "e(ree of prob!te h!" be(omefin!l+

D2ill%; Prob!te; Alle#e" Fr!"lent 2ill; Appe!l+ V+ "ie"+ Bi% &ill &!% !"mitte" to prob!te &ithot ob5e(tion+ No!ppe!l &!% t!en from %!i" or"er+ It &!% !"mitte" th!t "e !n" le#!l noti(e h!" been #ien to !ll p!rtie%+ Fifteenmonth% !fter the "!te of %!i" or"er, ! motion &!% pre%ente" in the lo&er (ort to h!e %!i" &ill "e(l!re" nll !n"oi", for the re!%on th!t fr!" h!" been pr!(ti(e" pon the "e(e!%e" in the m!in# of hi% &ill+DBel" h!t n"er %e(tion 6 of A(t No+ 190, the onl* time #ien p!rtie% &ho !re "i%ple!%e" &ith the or"er !"mittin#

to prob!te ! &ill, for !n !ppe!l i% the time #ien for !ppe!l% in or"in!r* !(tion%; bt &ithot "e(i"in# &hether or not!n or"er !"mittin# ! &ill to prob!te &ill be opene" for fr!", !fter the time !llo&e" for !n !ppe!l h!% e'pire", &henno !ppe!l i% t!en from !n or"er prob!tin# ! &ill, the heir% (!n not, in %b%eent liti#!tion in the %!me pro(ee"in#%,r!i%e e%tion% rel!tin# to it% "e e'e(tion+ he prob!te of ! &ill i% (on(l%ie !% to it% "e e'e(tion !n" !% to thete%t!ment!r* (!p!(it* of the te%t!tor+D /See A%tri! %+ Beir% of Ventenill!, 99 Phil+ 1069+

D# LA C#NA v 5-T-T1 SC>A 76

>E3ES

NAT"#Appe!l from the CA "e(i%ion reer%in# Ceb CFI

FACTS- Spo%e% 8ern!be "e l! Cern! !n" @er!%i! >eb!(! e'e(te" ! 5oint l!%t &ill !n" te%t!ment in their lo(!l "i!le(t &illi n#t&o p!r(el% of l!n" to#ether &ith !ll the improement% thereon to their nie(e, .!nel! >eb!(!+ he (ople &ere(hil"le%%+ A% ! (on"ition on the 5oint &ill, the frit% of the t&o p!r(el% %h!ll be en5o*e" b* either the te%t!tor% &hile he or%he i% *et liin#+- :pon the "e!th of 8ern!be "e l! Cern! in 199 the &ill &!% %bmitte" for prob!te before the CFI of Ceb &hi(h"e(l!re" %!i" &ill to be le#!l !n" !li"+ 2hen @er!%i! "ie" in 19, !nother petition for the prob!te of the %!me &ill&!% %bmitte" before the %!me Ceb CFI+ hi% time, ho&eer, the te%t!ment &% "e(l!re" nll !n" oi" for bein#e'e(te" (ontr!r* to the prohibition of 5oint &ill% in Arti(le 669 of the Ol" Ciil Co"e !n" Arti(le =1= of the Ne& CiilCo"e+- On !ppe!l, the CA reer%e" the rlin# of the Ceb CFI on the #ron" th!t the "e(ree of prob!te in 199 &!%(on(l%ie on the "e e'e(tion of the t e%t!ment+ he CA "e(l!re" th!t

DT T T+ It i% tre the l!& /Art+ 669, ol" Ciil Co"e; Art+ =1=, ne& Ciil Co"e prohibit% the m!in# of ! &ill 5ointl*b* t&o or more per%on% either for their re(ipro(!l benefit or for the benefit of ! thir" per%on+$owever, this form of willhas long been san%tioned by se, and the same has %ontined to be sed> and when, as in the +resent %ase,one s%h ?oint last will and testament has been admitted to +robate by final order of a Cort of %om+etent

?risdi%tion, there seems to be no alternative ex%e+t to give effe%t to the +rovisions thereof that are not %ontraryto law, as was done in the %ase of 3a%rohon vs& Saavedra, *6 5hil& '(7, wherein or S+reme Cort gave effe%tto the +rovisions of the ?oint will therein mentioned, saying @assming that the ?oint will in estion is valid@&


7/45


- Ben(e thi% !ppe!l b* the heir% inte%t!te of the "e(e!%e" h%b!n", 8ern!be "e l! Cern!

!SS"#S1+ 2ON the 5oint &ill i% le#!l !n" !li" in %o f!r !% 8ern!be "e l! Cern! i% (on(erne"+ 2ON the 5oint &ill i% le#!l !n" !li" in %o f!r !% @er!%i! >eb!(! i% (on(erne"$#LD1+ 3e%+ he SC rle" th!t the fin!l "e(ree of prob!te entere" in 199 b* the Ceb CFI h!% (on(l%ie effe(t !% to the

l!%t &ill !n" te%t!ment of 8ern!be "e l! Cern! "e%pite the f!(t th!t the Ciil Co"e !lre!"* "e(re"" the in!li"it* of 5oint&ill%, &hether in f!or of the 5oint te%t!tor%, re(ipro(!ll*, or in f!or of ! thir" p!rt*+ he error (ommitte" b* the prob!te(ort &!% !n error of l!& th!t %hol" h!e been (orre(te" b* !ppe!l+ A final ?dgment rendered on a +etition for the+robate of a will is binding +on the whole world 3analo vs& 5aredes, )7 5hil& 829> !n re #state of ;ohnson, 285hil& 6*(E > and +bli% +oli%y and sond +ra%ti%e demand that at the ris of o%%asional errors, ?dgment of%orts shold be%ome final at some definite date fixed by law& !nterest rei +bli%ae t finis sit litim Dy Cay vs&Crossfield, 29 5hil& *'6, and other %ases %ited in ' 3oran Comments on the les of Cort 68(2 #d&, 5& 2''E& Thedismissal of the a%tion by the heirs and s%%essors of De la Cerna was %orre%t&+ No+ he pre%ent %b5e(t m!tter of the prob!te i% the l!%t &ill !n" te%t!ment of @er!%i! &ho "ie" m(h l!ter th!n herh%b!n"+ Ben(e, in %o f!r !% the e%t!te of the &ife i% (on(erne", the 5oint &ill m%t be ree%!mine" !n" !"5"i(!te" "enoo %in(e the 5oint &ill i% (on%i"ere" ! %ep!r!te &ill of e!(h te%t!tor+ h% re#!r"e", the hol"in# of the Cort of Fir%tIn%t!n(e of Ceb th!t the 5oint &ill i% one prohibite" b* l!& &!% (orre(t !% to the p!rti(ip!tion of the "e(e!%e" @er!%i!>eb!(! in the propertie% in e%tion, for the re!%on% e'ten%iel* "i%(%%e" in or "e(i%ion in 8ilb!o %+ 8ilb!o, =7 Phil+144, th!t e'pl!ine" the preio% hol"in# in .!(rohon %+ S!!e"r!, 1 Phil+, 67+Therefore, the ndivided interest ofGervasia eba%a shold +ass +on her death to her heirs intestate, and not ex%lsively to the testamentary

heir, nless some other valid will in her favor is shown to exist, or nless she be the only heir intestate of saidGervasia&3AN!NANG v CA 5-N-1#E

114 SC>A 47=.EENCIO-BE>>E>A; )ne 19, 19=

NAT"#A Petition to >eie& the , )>+ !n" SOFIA oppo%e" the%e ple!"in#% on the #ron" th!t there i% %till ! re(one*!n(e %it

pen"in# &ith !nother br!n(h of CFI+- he P>O8AE CO:> then %et ! he!rin# on the intrin%i( !li"it* of the &ill bt no he!rin# &!% hel"be(!%e of the oppo%ition of P!%tor )r+ !n" Sofi! !#!in on the %!me #ron" of pen"en(* of there(one*!n(e %it+ In%te!", the prob!te (ort reire" the p!rtie% to %bmit their re%pe(tie po%itionp!per%+- PASO>+ )>+ !n" SOFIA %bmitte" their .emor!n"m &hi(h in effe(t %ho&e" th!t "etermin!tion of ho&m(h :E.A


8/45


- Een before the .F> (ol" be re%ole", PASO>, )>+ !n" hi% &ife file" &ith the CA ! Petition for(ertior!ri+ he petition &!% "enie" on the #ron" th!t it% filin# &!% prem!tre be(!%e there &!% %till !n.F> pen"in# before the P>O8AE CO:>+ he %po%e% moe" for re(on%i"er!tion+- 2hile thi% petition &!% pen"in#, the prob!te (ort i%%e" !n or"er &hi(h the (ort (l!im% to h!ere%ole" the e%tion of the in%trin%i( !li"it* of the &ill !n" of the o&ner%hip of the minin# (l!im%,ren"erin# moot !n" !(!"emi( the %it for re(one*!n(e+

- Ben(e thi% petition !%%!ilin# the or"er% i%%e" b* the prob!te (ort+ he petitioner% !re !r#in# th!tbefore the proi%ion% of the holo#r!phi( &ill (!n be implemente", the e%tion% of o&ner%hip of the minin#propertie% !n" the intrin%i( !li"it* of the holo#r!phi( &ill m%t fir%t be re%ole" &ith fin!lit*+

!SS"#S2ON the Prob!te Or"er re%ole" &ith fin!lit* the e%tion% of o&ner%hip !n" intrin%i( !li"it* of the &ill+

$#LDNo+Contrary to the +osition taen by the +robate %ort, these two issed have not yet been resolved&Therefore, the 5robate -rder %old not have resolved and a%tally did not de%ide "#3ADA@sentitlement to the lega%y& This being so, the -rders for the +ayment of the lega%y in allegedim+lementation of the 5robate -rder of 687' are nwarranted for la% of basis&In ! %pe(i!l pro(ee"in# for the prob!te of ! &ill, the i%%e b* !n" l!r#e i% re%tri(te" to the e'trin%i( !li"it*

of the &ill, i+e+, &hether the te%t!tor, bein# of %on" min", freel* e'e(te" the &ill in !((or"!n(e &ith theform!litie% pre%(ribe" b* l!&+ A% ! rle, the e%tion of o&ner%hip i% !n e'tr!neo% m!tter &hi(h theProb!te Cort (!nnot re%ole &ith fin!lit*+ h%, for the prpo%e of "eterminin# &hether ! (ert!in propert*%hol" or %hol" not be in(l"e" in the inentor* of e%t!te propertie%, the Prob!te Cort m!* p!%% ponthe title thereto, bt %(h "etermin!tion i% proi%ion!l, not (on(l%ie, !n" i% %b5e(t to the fin!l "e(i%ion in! %ep!r!te !(tion to re%ole title+2hen PASO>, S>+ "ie" in 1966, he &!% %rie" b* hi% &ife+ here i% therefore ! nee" to lii"!te the(on5#!l p!rtner%hip !n" %et !p!rt the %h!re of PASO>, S>+$% &ife in the (on5#!l p!rtner%hip+ 2hen the"i%pte" or"er &!% i%%e", no lii"!tion of the (ommnit* propertie" tr!n%pire" *et+ h%, there h!"been no prior "efinitie "etermin!tion of the !%%et% of the e%t!te of PASO>, S>+ here &!% !n inentor*of hi% propertie% pre%m!bl* prep!re" b* the %pe(i!l !"mini%tr!tor, bt it "oe% not !ppe!r th!t it &!% eerthe %b5e(t of ! he!rin# or th!t it &!% 5"i(i!ll* !pproe"+ he re(one*!n(e or re(oer* of propertie%!lle#e"l* o&ne" bt not in the n!me of PASO>, S>+ &!% %till bein# liti#!te" in !nother (ort+ here &!%

no !ppropri!te "etermin!tion, m(h le%% p!*ment, of the "ebt% of the "e(e"ent !n" hi% e%t!te+ Nor h!"the e%t!te t!' been "etermine" !n" p!i"+ he net !%%et% of the e%t!te not h!in# been "etermine", thele#itime of the for(e" heir% in (on(rete fi#re% (ol" not be !%(ert!ine"+All the fore#oin# "efi(ien(ie% (on%i"ere", it &!% not po%%ible to "etermine &hether the le#!(* of:E.Aobert% %po%e%, th!tthe 197= :t!h (ompromi%e !#reement &!% ille#!l, th!t the inte%t!te pro(ee"in# i% oi" be(!%e @rimm "ie" te%t!te !n"th!t the p!rtition &!% (ontr!r* to the "e(e"ent$% &ill%+- Ethel file" ! .


9/45


19 SC>A 06O(tober 9, 19=; @:IE>>EK

NAT"#Petition for (ertior!ri

FACTS .!rtin )#o "ie" &ith l!%t 2ill !n" e%t!ment &ith !ll the form!litie% reire" b* l!&+ In the %!i" 2ill, the te%t!torn!me" !n" !ppointe" herein petitioner Sofi! )+ Nepom(eno !% hi% %ole !n" onl* e'e(tor of hi% e%t!te+ It i% (le!rl*%t!te" in the 2ill th!t the te%t!tor &!% le#!ll* m!rrie" to ! (ert!in >fin! @ome? b* &hom he h!" t&o le#itim!te(hil"ren, O%(!r !n" C!rmelit!, bt %in(e 19, he h!" been e%tr!n#e" from hi% l!&fll* &e""e" &ife !n" h!" beenliin# &ith petitioner !% h%b!n" !n" &ife+ In f!(t, on


10/45


(ome to the (on(l%ion th!t no fi'e" %t!n"!r" m!* be !"opte" or "r!&n therefrom, in ie& of the (onfli(t no le%% th!n of"ier%it* of %t!ttor* proi%ion% obt!inin# in "ifferent 5ri%"i(tion%+ It behooe% %, therefore, !% the (ort of l!%t re%ort, to(hoo%e th!t rle mo%t (on%i%tent &ith or %t!ttor* l!&, h!in# in ie& the nee"e" %t!bilit* of propert* ri#ht% !n" thepbli( intere%t in #ener!l+ o be %re, &e h!e %erio%l* refle(te" pon the "!n#er% of e!%ion from pni%hment of(lprit% "e%erin# of the %eerit* of the l!& in (!%e% &here, !% here, for#er* i% "i%(oere" !fter the prob!te of the &ill!n" the pro%e(tion i% h!" before the pre%(ription of the offen%e+ 8* !n" l!r#e, ho&eer, the b!l!n(e %eem% in(line" inf!or of the ie& th!t &e h!e t!en+ Not onl* "oe% the l!& %rron" the e'e(tion of the &ill &ith the ne(e%%!r*

form!litie% !n" reire prob!te to be m!"e !fter !n el!bor!te 5"i(i!l pro(ee"in#, bt %e(tion 11, not to %pe! of%e(tion 1, of or Co"e of Ciil Pro(e"re proi"e% for !n !"e!te reme"* to !n* p!rt* &ho mi#ht h!e been!"er%el* !ffe(te" b* the prob!te of ! for#e" &ill, m(h in the %!me &!* !% other p!rtie% !#!in%t &hom ! 5"#ment i%ren"ere" n"er the %!me or %imil!r (ir(m%t!n(e%+ he !##riee" p!rt* m!* file !n !ppli(!tion for relief &ith t he proper(ort &ithin ! re!%on!ble time, bt in no (!%e e'(ee"in# %i' month% !fter %!i" (ort h!% ren"ere" the 5"#ment ofprob!te, on the #ron" of mi%t!e, in!"erten(e, %rpri%e or e'(%!ble ne#le(t+ An !ppe!l lie% to reie& the !(tion of !(ort of fir%t in%t!n(e &hen th!t (ort ref%e% to #r!nt relief+ After ! 5"#ment !llo&in# ! &ill to be prob!te" h!% be(omefin!l !n" n!ppe!l!ble , !n" !fter the perio" fi'e" b* %e(tion 11 of the Co"e of Ciil Pro(e"re h!% e'pire", the l!& !%!n e'pre%%ion of the le#i%l!tie &i%"om #oe% no frther !n" the (!%e en"% there+- herefore, th!t in ie& of the proi%ion% of %e(tion% 06, !n" 6 of or Co"e of Ciil Co"e Pro(e"re, (rimin!l!(tion &ill not lie in thi% 5ri%"i(tion !#!in%t the for#er of ! &ill &hi(h h!" been "l* !"mitte" to prob!te b* ! (ort of(ompetent 5ri%"i(tion+ he petitioner i% entitle" to h!e the (rimin!l pro(ee"in#% !#!in%t him !%he"+

:& D!SALL-0ANC# -F 0!LLS

5ASC"AL 1 D#LA C".'9 SCA )'6

#4#S> 3ay 2H, 68(8

NAT"#Appe!l from the CFI "e(i%ion !"mittin# to prob!te the prporte" &ill of C!t!lin! "e l! Cr?

FACTS-C!t!lin! "e l! Cr?, %in#le !n" &i thot !n* %riin# "e%(en"!nt or !%(en"!nt, "ie"+ A petition for the prob!te of her!lle#e" &ill &!% file" b* An"re% P!%(!l, &ho &!% n!me" in the %!i" &ill !% e'e(tor !n" %ole heir of the "e(e"ent+-Pe"ro "el! Cr? !n" 6 other nephe&% !n" nie(e% of the l!te C!t!lin! "e l! Cr? (onte%te" the !li"it* of the &ill onthe #ron"% th!t the form!litie% reire" b* l!& &ere not (omplie" &ith; th!t the te%t!tri' &!% ment!ll* in(!p!ble of"i%po%in# of her propertie% b* &ill !t the time of it% e'e(tion; th!t the &ill &!% pro(re" b* n"e !n" improperpre%%re !n" inflen(e on the p!rt of the petitioner; !n" th!t the %i#n!tre of the te%t!tri' &!% obt!ine" thro#h fr!"+

-prob!te (ort phel" the "e e'e(tion of the &ill !n" !ppointe" An"re% P!%(!l !% e'e(tor !n" !"mini%tr!tor of thee%t!te, !% proi"e" in the &ill, &ithot bon"+ Oppo%itor% !ppe!le" to SC "ire(tl* /!le of propertie% inole" more th!nP00-Dela Cruz et al. claim: lo&er (ort erre" in #iin# (re"en(e to the te%timonie% of the %b%(ribin# &itne%%e% !n" thenot!r* th!t the &ill &!% "l* e'e(te", not&ith%t!n"in# the e'i%ten(e of in(on%i%ten(ie% !n" (ontr!"i(tion% in thete%timonie%, !n" in "i%re#!r"in# their ei"en(e th!t the &ill &!% not %i#ne" b* !ll the &itne%%e% in the pre%en(e of one!nother-CFIH% re%pon%e !lle#e" (ontr!"i(tion% !n" in(on%i%ten(ie% &ere not %b%t!nti!l in n!tre %ffi(ient to "i%(re"it theentire te%timon* on the "e e'e(tion of the &ill+ Pl% l!p%e of = *e!r% from e'e(tion of the &ill to the te%timon* in(ort+ here i% n!nimit* !n" (ert!int* in t heir te%timon* re#!r"in# the i"entit* of the %i#n!tre% of the te%t!tri', the!tte%tin# &itne%%e%, !n" the Not!r* Pbli(, !n" the f!(t th!t the* &ere !ll pre%ent !t the time tho%e %i#n!tre% &ere!ffi'e" on the "o(ment

!SS"#S1+ 2ON the (ontr!"i(tion% !n" in(on%i%ten(ie% pointe" ot b* e#i%tr* of the not!r*, the r!tifi(!tion of the te%t!ment !ppe!r% !mon# the entrie% for 194,!% &ell !% in (orre%pon"in# (opie% pro"(e" b* the Not!ri!l Se(tion of the Cler of CortH% offi(e /%o, !%%min#re#l!rit* in the perform!n(e of "t*, the "o(ment &!% in"ee" e'e(te" in 194, not in 19= or 199+

+NO+Ratio. o be %ffi(ient to !oi" ! &ill, the inflen(e e'erte" m%t be of ! in" th!t %o oerpo&er% !n" %b5#!te% the

min" of the te%t!tor !% to "e%tro* hi% free !#en(* !n" m!e him e'pre%% the &ill of !nother r!ther th!n hi% o&n; th!t the(ontention th!t ! &ill &!% obt!ine" b* n"e inflen(e or improper pre%%re (!nnot be %%t!ine" on mere (on5e(tre or%%pi(ion, !% it i% eno#h th!t there &!% opportnit* to e'er(i%e n"e inflen(e, or ! po%%ibilit* th!t it m!* h!e beene'er(i%e"; th!t the e'er(i%e of improper pre%%re !n" n"e inflen(e m%t be %pporte" b* %b%t!nti!l ei"en(e th!t it&!% !(t!ll* e'er(i%e"; th!t the br"en i% on the per%on (h!llen#in# the &ill to %ho& th!t %(h inflen(e &!% e'erte" !tthe time of it% e'e(tion; th!t mere #ener!l or re!%on!ble inflen(e i% not %ffi(ient to in!li"!te ! &ill; nor i% mo"er!te!n" re!%on!ble %oli(it!tion !n" entre!t* !""re%%e" to the te%t!tor; or omi%%ion of rel!tie%, not for(e" heir%, ei"en(e ofn"e inflen(eReasoning. Con%i"erin# th!t te%t!ri' (on%i"ere" proponent !% her o&n %on, to the e'tent th!t %he e'pre%%e" noob5e(tion to hi% bein# m!"e the %ole heir of her %i%ter, Florentin! Cr?, in "ero#!tion of her o&n ri#ht%, &e fin" nothin#!bnorm!lin her in%tittin# proponent !l%o !% her o&n benefi(i!r*+Ion allegation that 5as%al boght a bilding s++osedly for the testatrix bt +la%ed the title in his name, andmerely +ainted thereon the name of the testatrix to mislead the de%easedJ if C!t!lin!H% min" &!% re!ll* %b5#!te"b* P!%(!l, then he h!" no nee" to re(or%e to the "e(eption !erre"+Ion the %hoi%e of witnessesJ the rhemeti%m of the te%t!ri' m!"e it "iffi(lt for her to loo for !ll the &itne%%e%+ h!t%he "i" not re%ort to rel!tie% or frien"% i%, lie&i%e e'pl!in!ble it &ol" h!e me!nt the "i%(lo%re of the term% of her&ill to tho%e intere%te" in her %((e%%ion bt &ho &ere not f!ore" b* her, thereb* e'po%in# her to nple!%!nt


11/45


importnit* !n" re(rimin!tion% th!t !n !#e" per%on &ol" n!tr!ll* %ee to !oi"+ he n!tr!l "e%ire to eep the m!in#of ! &ill %e(ret (!n, lie&i%e, !((ont for the f!ilre to prob!te the te%t!ment "rin# her lifetime+Ion allegation that 5as%al +arti%i+ated in the exe%tion of the w ill, therefore, there is a +resm+tion of ndeinflen%eJ !ltho#h the &ill &!% prep!re" b* the nephe& of P!%(!l, the pre%mption "oe% not !ri%e for in the norm!l(or%e of eent%, %!i" !ttorne* &ol" follo& the in%tr(tion% of the te%t!tri'; !n" ! member of the b!r in #oo" %t!n"in#m!* not be (oni(te" of nprofe%%ion!l (on"(t, or of h!in# (on%pire" to f!l%if* ! %t!tement, e'(ept pon (le!r proof+

#4#SIBA#TT- v BA#TT-IDAT"19 SC>A =>E3ES, )+8++; )!n!r* , 1967

NAT"#e*e% !n" or"erin# him to "elier to(i! .il!#ro% 8!rretto-

FACTS- 8ibi!no 8!rretto &!% m!rrie" to .!ri! @er!r"o+ e*e%, !%guardian o" the children o" Salud &arretto, the lo&er (ort hel" th!tSald was not the daghter of the de%edent 3aria Gerardoby her hsband Bibiano Barretto+ SC !ffirme"+- Pl!intiff then file" !n !(tion for the re(oer* of one-h!lf portion of propertie% left for them n"er 8ibi!noH% &ill+ hi%!(tion !ffor"e" the "efen"!nt !n opportnit* to %et p herright of ownershi+, not onl* of the fi%hpon" n"er liti#!tion,bt of all the other +ro+erties willed and delivered to Sald, for bein# ! %prio% heir, !n" not entitle" to !n* %h!re inthe e%t!te of 8ibi!no, thereb*dire%tly atta%ing the validity, not only of the +ro?e%t of +artition, bt of the de%isionof the %ort b!%e" thereon+- he "efen"!nt (onten"% th!t the5ro?e%t of 5artition from whi%h Sald a%ired the fish+ond in estion is voidab initio+- CFI then "e(l!re" the pro5e(t of p!rtition to be nll !n" oi" ab initio /not merel* oi"!ble be(!%e the "i%tribtee,S!l" 8!rretto, pre"e(e%%or of pl!intiff%, &!% not ! "!#hter of the %po%e% 8ibi!no !n" .!ri!+ hi% &!% b!%e" onArti(le 10=1 of the Ciil Co"e of 1==9 “A partition in which a person was believe to be an heir! without being so!has been inclue! shall be null an voi."- CFI re5e(te" pl!intiffH% (ontention th!t %in(e 8ibi!no &!% free to "i%po%e of one-thir" /1G of hi% e%t!te n"er the ol"Ciil Co"e, hi% &ill &!% !li" in f!or of S!l" to the e'tent, !t le!%t, of %(h free p!rt+ An" it (on(l"e" th!t, !%"efen"!nt .il!#ro% &!% the onl* tre heir of 8ibi!no 8!rretto, %he &!% entitle" to re(oer from S!l", !n" from thel!tter$% (hil"ren !n" %((e%%or%, !ll the Propertie% re(eie" b* her from 8ibi!no$% e%t!te, in ie& of the proi%ion% of Art146 of the ne& Ciil Co"e e%t!bli%hin# th!t +ro+erty a%ired by frad or mistae is held by its a%irer inim+lied trst for the real owner+ !SS"#1+ 2ON the p!rtition bet&een S!l" !n" .il!#ro% in the pro(ee"in#% for the %ettlement of the e%t!te of 8ibi!no /"l*!pproe" b* CFI .!nil! i% oi"+ 2ON there &!% preterition

$#LD

1+ NORatio At !n* r!te, in"epen"entl* of ! pro5e(t of p!rtition &hi(h, !% it% o&n n!me implie%, i% merel* ! propo%!l for"i%tribtion of the e%t!te, th!t the (ort m!* !((ept or re5e(t,it is the %ort alone that maes the distribtion of theestate and determines the +ersons entitled thereto and the +arts to whi%h ea%h is entitled and it is that $udicial decree o" distribution once "inal that %ests title in the distributees+ If the "e(ree &!% erroneo% or not in (onformit* &ithl!& or the te%t!ment, the %!me %hol" h!e been (orre(te" b* opportne !ppe!l; bt on(e it h!" be(ome fin!l, it%bin"in# effe(t i% lie th!t of !n* other 5"#mentin rem , nle%% properl* %et !%i"e for la% of ?risdi%tion or frad+

Reasoning he !#reement of p!rtition &!% not only ratified by the %ort@s de%ree of distribtion, bt a%tally%onsmmated, %o m(h %o th!t the title% in the n!me of the "e(e!%e" &ere (!n(elle", !n" ne& (ertifi(!te% i%%e" inf!or of the heir%, lon# before the "e(ree &!% !tt!(e"+ In f!(t, een &ithot the pro5e(t of p!rtition, the "i%tribtion(ol" %t!n", %in(e it &!% in (onformit* &ith the prob!te" &ill of 8ibi!no, !#!in%t the proi%ion% &hereof no ob5e(tion h!"been m!"e+- he onl* in%t!n(e th!t &e (!n thin of in &hi(h ! p!rt* intere%te" in ! prob!te pro(ee"in# m!* h!e ! fin!l lii"!tion%et !%i"e i% when he is left ot by reason of %ir%mstan%es beyond his %ontrol or throgh mistae orinadverten%e not im+table to negligen%e+ Een then, the better pr!(ti(e to %e(re relief i% reopenin# of the %!me(!%e by proper motion within the reglementary period , in%te!" of !n in"epen"ent !(tion the effe(t of &hi(h, if %((e%%fl,&ol" be, for !nother (ort or 5"#e to thro& ot ! "e(i%ion or or"er !lre!"* fin!l !n" e'e(te" !n" re%hffle propertie%lon# !#o "i%tribte" !n" "i%po%e" of+- Art+ 10=1 h!% been mi%!pplie"+ S!l" !"mitte"l* h!" been in%titte" heir in the l!te 8ibi!no 8!rretto$% l!%t &ill !n"te%t!ment to#ether &ith "efen"!nt .il!#ro%; hen(e, the p!rtition h!" bet&een them (ol" not be one %(h h!" &ith !p!rt* &ho &!% beliee" to be !n heir &ithot re!ll* bein# one, !n" &!% not nll !n" oi" n"er %!i" !rti(le+ he le#!lpre(ept /Arti(le 10=1 "oe% not %pe! of (hil"ren, or "e%(en"!nt%, bt ofheirs /&ithot "i%tin(tion bet&een for(e",

olnt!r* or inte%t!te one%, !n" the fa%t that Sald ha++ened not to be a daghter of the testator does not+re%lde her being one of the heirs ex+ressly named in his testament ; for 8ibi!no &!% !t libert* to !%%i#n the freeportion of hi% e%t!te to &hom%oeer he (ho%e+ 2hile the %h!re !%%i#ne" to S!l" impin#e" on .il!#ro%H le#itime, S!l""i" not for th!t re!%on (e!%e to be ! te%t!ment!r* heir of 8ibi!no+

+ NOReasoning he f!(t th!t .il!#ro% &!% !llotte" in her f!ther$% &ill ! %h!re %m!ller th!n her le#itime "oe% not in!li"!tethe in%tittion of S!l" !% heir+ here &!% no preterition, or total ommission of a for%ed heir+ For thi% re!%on, 1eri %s. Akutin i% not !t !ll !ppli(!ble, th!t (!%e inolin# !n in%t!n(e of preterition or omi%%ion of (hil"ren of the te%t!tor$% formerm!rri!#e+

A;#- v CA SANDE6 SC>A 4==

P:NO; September 1, 1994

NAT"#Petition for reie& on (ertior!ri of the "e(i%ion of the CA

FACTS-he holo#r!phi( &ill of the l!te Annie S!n", &ho "ie" on Noember , 19=, &!% %bmitte" for prob!te b* thepetitioner% A5ero-N!me" !% "ei%ee%, &ere the follo&in# petitioner% >oberto !n" helm! A5ero, pri!te re%pon"ent Clemente S!n",.eri!m S+ Aron#, e!h S!n", ili! S!n", E"#!r S!n", Fe S!n", i%! S+ S!n", !n"


12/45


(ompl* &ith Arti(le% =14 !n" =14 of the Ne& Ciil Co"e+ It !ll"e" to (ert!in "i%po%ition% in the &ill &hi(h &ere eithern%i#ne" !n" n"!te", or %i#ne" bt not "!te"+ It !l%o fon" th!t the er!%re%, !lter!tion% !n" (!n(ell!tion% m!"ethereon h!" not been !thenti(!te" b* "e(e"ent+

!SS"#2ON the holo#r!phi( &ill %hol" be "i%!llo&e"

$#LDNo+Se( 96, >le 76 of the >le% of Cort, !n" Arti(le =97 of the Ne& Ciil Co"e !re the !ppli(!ble proi%ion% &ith re#!r" to"i%!llo&!n(e of &ill%+-he%e li%t% !re e'(l%ie; no other #ron"% (!n %ere to "i%!llo& ! &ill+-h%, in ! petition to !"mit ! holo#r!phi( &ill to prob!te, the onl* i%%e% to be re%ole" !re /1 &hether the in%trment%bmitte" i%, in"ee", the "e(e"ent$% l!%t &ill !n" te%t!ment; / &hether %!i" &ill &!% e'e(te" in !((or"!n(e &ith theform!litie% pre%(ribe" b* l!&; / &hether the "e(e"ent h!" the ne(e%%!r* te%t!ment!r* (!p!(it* !t the time the &ill &!%e'e(te"; !n", /4 &hether the e'e(tion of the &ill !n" it% %i#nin# &ere the olnt!r* !(t% of the "e(e"ent+->e%pon"ent (ortH% reli!n(e on f!ilre of the "e(e"ent to (ompl* &ith Art%+ =1 !n" =14 to "i%!llo& the &ill i%erroneo%+-In Abangan %s+ Abangan, it &!% hel" th!the ob5e(t of the %olemnitie% %rron"in# the e'e(tion of &ill% i% to (lo%e the"oor !#!in%t b!" f!ith !n" fr!", to !oi" %b%tittion of &ill% !n" te%t!ment% !n" to #!r!ntee their trth !n"!thenti(it*+ 8t, on the other h!n", one m%t not lo%e %i#ht of the f!(t th!t it i% not the ob5e(t of the l!& to re%tr!in !n"(rt!il the e'er(i%e of the ri#ht to m!e ! &ill+ So &hen !n interpret!tion !lre!"* #ien !%%re% %(h en"%, !n* other

interpret!tion &h!t%oeer, th!t !""% nothin# bt "em!n"% more rei%ite% entirel* nne(e%%!r*, %ele%% !n" fr%tr!tieof the te%t!tor$% l!%t &il l, m%t be "i%re#!r"e"+-In the (!%e of holo#r!phi( &ill%, &h!t !%%re% !thenti(it* i% the reirement th!t the* be tot!ll* !to#r!phi( orh!n"&ritten b* the te%t!tor him%elf, !% proi"e" n"er Arti(le =10= of the Ne& Ciil Co"e-F!ilre to %tri(tl* ob%ere other form!litie% &ill not re%lt in the "i%!llo&!n(e of ! holo#r!phi( &ill th!t i% ne%tion!bl*h!n"&ritten b* the te%t!tor+-A re!"in# of Arti(le =1 of the Ne& Ciil Co"e %ho&% th!t it% reirement !ffe(t% the !li"it* of the "i%po%ition%(ont!ine" in the holo#r!phi( &ill, bt not it% prob!te+ If the te%t!tor f!il% to %i#n !n" "!te %ome of the "i%po%ition%, there%lt i% th!t the%e "i%po%ition% (!nnot be effe(t!te"+ S(h f!ilre, ho&eer, "oe% not ren"er the &hole te%t!ment oi"+-ie&i%e, ! holo#r!phi( &ill (!n %till be !"mitte" to prob!te, not&ith%t!n"in# non-(ompli!n(e &ith the proi%ion% ofArti(le =14+ In the (!%e of:alaw %s+ )elo%a 1 SC>A 7 4 /19=4, thi% Cort hel"Or"in!ril*, &hen ! nmber of er!%re%, (orre(tion%, !n" interline!tion% m!"e b* the te%t!tor i n ! holo#r!phi( &ill h!enot been note" n"er hi% %i#n!tre, + + + the &ill i% not thereb* in!li"!te" !% ! &hole, bt !t mo%t onl* !% re%pe(t% thep!rti(l!r &or"% er!%e", (orre(te" or interline"+

4 Art+ =1 2hen ! nmber of "i%po%ition% !ppe!rin# in ! holo#r!phi( &ill !re %i#ne" &ithot bein# "!te", !n" the l!%t "i%po%ition h!% ! %i#n!tre !n" "!te,%(h "!te !li"!te% the "i%po%ition% pre(e"in# it, &h!teer be the time of prior "i%po%ition%+5

Art+ =14 In (!%e of in%ertion, (!n(ell!tion, er!%re or !lter!tion in ! holo#r!phi( &ill, the te%t!tor m%t !thenti(!te the %!me b* hi% fll %i#n!tre+

6 Se(tion 9, >le 76 of the >le% of Cort proi"e% th!t &ill %h!ll be "i%!llo&e" in !n* of the follo&in# (!%e%

/! If not e'e(te" !n" !tte%te" !% reire" b* l!&;/b If the te%t!tor &!% in%!ne, or other&i%e ment!ll* in(!p!ble to m!e ! &ill, !t the time of it% e'e(tion;/( If it &!% e'e(te" n"er "re%%, or the inflen(e of fe!r, or thre!t%;/" If it &!% pro(re" b* n"e !n" improper pre%%re !n" i nflen(e, on the p!rt of the benefi(i!r*, or of %ome other per%on for hi% benefit;/e If the %i#n!tre of the te%t!tor &!% pro(re" b* fr!" or tri(, !n" he "i" not i nten" th!t the in%trment %hol" be hi% &ill !t the time of fi'in# hi% %i#n!trethereto+7

Art+ =9 he &ill %h!ll be "i%!llo&e" in !n* of the follo&in# (!%e%;/1 If the form!litie% reire" b* l!& h!e not been (omplie" &ith;/ If the te%t!tor &!% in%!ne, or other&i%e ment!ll* in(!p!ble of m!in# ! &ill, !t the time of it% e'e(tion;/ If it &!% e'e(te" thro#h for(e or n"er "re%%, or the inflen(e of fe!r, or thre!t%;/4 If it &!% pro(re" b* n"e !n" improper pre%%re !n" inflen(e, on the p!rt of the benefi(i!r* or of %ome other per%on;/ If the %i#n!tre of the te%t!tor &!% pro(re" b* fr!";/6 If the te%t!tor !(te" b* mi%t!e or "i" not inten" th!t the in%trment he %i#ne" %hol" be hi% &ill !t the time of !ffi'in# hi% %i#n!tre thereto+8

A per%on m!* e'e(te ! holo#r!phi( &ill &hi(h m%t be entirel* &ritten, "!te", !n" %i#ne" b* the h!n" of the te%t!tor him%elf+ (t is sub$ect to no other "orm,!n" m!* be m!"e in or ot of the Philippine%, !n" nee" not be &itne%%e"+

:!& !NST!T"T!-N -F 0!LLS

A"ST!A v #4#S1 SC>A 74

CAS>O; Febr!r* 7, 1970

FACTS-8!%ili! A%tri! "!+ "e Cr? file" &ith the CFI ! petition for prob!te, !nte mortem, of her l!%t &ill !n" te%t!ment+ heprob!te &!% oppo%e" b* her nephe&% !n" nie(e%+-he bl of the e%t!te of 8!%ili!, !"mitte"l*, &!% "e%tine" n"er the &ill to p!%% on to tho%e &ho h!" beenassmedand de%lared by Basilia as her own legally ado+ted %hildren+-8!%ili! "ie" *e!r% l!ter+-In the %!me pro(ee"in#%, the nie(e% !n" nephe&% file" ! petition in interention for p!rtition !lle#in# in %b%t!n(e th!tthe* !re the ne!re%t of in of 8!%ili!, !n" th!t the !"opte" (hil"ren h!" not in f!(t been !"opte" b* the "e(e"ent in!((or"!n(e &ith l!&, in effe(t ren"erin# the%e re%pon"ent% mere %tr!n#er% to the "e(e"ent !n" &ithot !n* ri#ht to%((ee" !% heir%+-he lo&er (ort rle" in f!or of the !"opte" (hil"ren, "elimitin# the interention of the nie(e% !n" nephe&% to thepropertie% of the "e(e!%e" &hi(h &erenot dis+osed of in the &ill+ he%e nie(e% !n" nephe&% &ent to SC+-he nephe&% !n" nie(e in%i%t th!t the entire e%t!te %hol" "e%(en" to them b* inte%t!(* b* re!%on of the intrin%i(nllit* of the in%tittion of heir% embo"ie" in the "e(e"ent$% &ill+

!SS"#2ON %(h in%tittion of heir% &ol" ret!in effi(!(* in the eent there e'i%t% proof th!t the !"option of the %!me heir% b*the "e(e"ent i% f!l%e

$#LD4#S& Arti(le =0 of the Ciil Co"e re!"%#The statement o" a "alse cause "or the institution o" an heir shall be considered as not written unless it appears "romthe will that the testator would not ha%e made such institution i" he had known the "alsity o" such cause.# -Comin# (lo%er to the (enter of the (ontroer%*, the nie(e% !n" nephe&% h!e (!lle" the !ttention of thi% Cort to thefollo&in# pertinent portion% of the &il l of the "e(e!%e" &hi(h re(ite#Ang aking mga sapilitang tagapagmana ;herederos "orzosos< ay ang aking itinuturing na mga anak na tunay ;i$oslegalmente adoptados< na sina 5er"ecto Alberto =uz &enita at (sagani na pawang may apelyidong Cruz.-8efore the in%tittion of heir% m!* be !nnlle" n"er !rti(le =0 of the Ciil Co"e, the follo&in# rei%ite% m%t (on(rFir%t, the (!%e for the in%tittion of heir% m%t be %t!te" in the &ill; %e(on", the (!%e m%t be %ho&n to be f!l%e; !n"

thir", it m%t !ppe!r from the f!(e of the &ill th!t the te%t!tor &ol" not h!e m!"e %(h in%tittion if he h!" no&n thef!l%it* of the (!%e+-he nie(e% !n" nephe&% &ol" h!e the SC impl*, from the %e of the term%,#sapilitang tagapagmana# /(ompl%or*heir% !n" #sapilitang mana# /le#itime, th!t the impellin# re!%on or (!%e for the in%tittion of the re%pon"ent% &!% thete%t!tri'$% belief th!t n"er the l!& %he (ol" not "o other&i%e+ If thi% &ere in"ee" &h!t prompte" the te%t!tri' inin%tittin# the re%pon"ent%, %he "i" not m!e it no&n in her &ill+ Srel* if %he &!% !&!re th!t %((e%%ion to the le#itimet!e% pl!(e b* oper!tion of l!&, in"epen"ent of her o&n &i%he%, %he &ol" not h!e fon" it (onenient to n!me her%ppo%e" (ompl%or* heir% to their le#itime%+ Ber e'pre%% !"option of the rle% on le#itime% %hol" er* &ell in"i(!teher (omplete !#reement &ith th!t %t!ttor* %(heme+ 8t een thi%, lie the nephe&% !n" nie(e%$ o&n propo%ition, i%hi#hl* %pe(l!tie of &h!t &!% in the min" of the te%t!tri' &hen %he e'e(te" her &ill+ One f!(t pre!il%, ho&eer, !n" iti% th!t the de%edent@s will does not state in a s+e%ifi% or neivo%al manner the %ase for s%h instittion ofheirs& 0e %annot annl the same on the basis of gesswor or n%ertain im+li%ations&-Arti(le =0 of the Ciil Co"e, ote" !boe, i% ! po%itie in5n(tion to i#nore &h!teer f!l%e (!%e the te%t!tor m!*h!e &ritten in hi% &ill for the in%tittion of heir%+ S(h in%tittion m!* be !nnlle" onl* &hen one i% %!ti%fie", !fter !ne'!min!tion of the &ill, th!t the te%t!tor (le!rl* &ol" not h!e m!"e the in%tittion if he h!" no&n the (!%e for it to be

f!l%e+ No&, &ol" the l!te 8!%ili! h!e (!%e" the reo(!tion of the in%tittion of heir% if %he h!" no&n th!t %he &!%mi%t!en in tre!tin# the%e heir% !% her le#!ll* !"opte" (hil"renJ Or &ol" %he h!e in%titte" them nonethele%%J SC


13/45


%!i" the &ill i% mte on thi% point+ herefore, the &ill &!% phel" be(!%e of thi% (on%tr(tion e%t!(* i% f!ore" !n""obt% !re re%ole" on it% %i"e+ Al%o, the le#!lit* of the !"option (!n be !%%!ile" onl* in ! %ep!r!te !(tion bro#ht forth!t prpo%e, !n" (!nnot be the %b5e(t of ! (oll!ter!l !tt!(+

:!!& S"BST!T"T!-N -F $#!S

5C!B v #SC-L!N6 SC>A 66

8A>>Eoberto >!mire? Den n"! proprie"!"+D Frthermore, 1G of the free portion i%(h!r#e" &ith the &i"o&$% %fr(t !n" the rem!inin# G &ith ! %fr(t in f!or of 2!n"!+One of the #ron"% (ite" b* )or#e !n" >oberto for oppo%in# the pro5e(t of p!rtition i% th!t the proi%ion% forfi"ei(ommi%%!r* %b%tittion% !re !l%o in!li" be(!%e the fir%t heir% !re not rel!te" to the %e(on" heir% or %b%titte%&ithin the fir%t "e#ree, !% proi"e" in Arti(le =6 of the Ciil Co"e+ he lo&er (ort, ho&eer, !pproe" the pro5e(t ofp!rtition+

!SS"#2ON the %b%tittion in it% fi"ei(ommi%%!r* !%pe(t i% oi"

$#LD3ES+ he %b%titte% /)!n P!blo )!no&%i !n" Bor!(e V+ >!mire? !re not rel!te" to 2!n"!, the heir ori#in!ll*

in%titte"+ Art+ =6 of the Ciil Co"e !li"!te% ! fi"ei(ommi%%!r* %b%tittion Dproi"e" %(h %b%tittion "oe% not #obe*on" one "e#ree from the heir ori#in!ll* in%titte"+D2h!t i% me!nt b* Done "e#reeD from the fir%t heir i% e'pl!ine" b* olentino !% follo&%S(!eol! .!r!, !n" r!ie%!% (on%tre D"e#reeD !% "e%i#n!tion, %b%tittion, or tr!n%mi%%ion+ he Spreme Cort ofSp!in h!% "e(i"e"l* !"opte" thi% (on%tr(tion+ From thi% point of ie&, there (!n be onl* one tr!nmi%%ion or %b%tittion,!n" the %b%titte nee" not be rel!te" to the fir%t heir+ .!nre%!, .orell !n" S!n(he? >om!n, ho&eer, (on%tre the&or" D"e#reeD !% #ener!tion, !n" the pre%ent Co"e h!% obio%l* follo&e" thi% interpret!tion+ b* proi"in# th!t the%b%tittion %h!ll not #o be*on" one "e#ree Dfrom the heir ori#in!ll* in%titte"+D he Co"e th% (le!rl* in"i(!te% th!t the%e(on" heir m%t be rel!te" to !n" be one #ener!tion from the fir%t heir+From thi%, it follo&% th!t the fi"ei(ommi%%!r* (!n onl* be either ! (hil" or ! p!rent of the fir%t heir+ he%e !re the onl*rel!tie% &ho !re one #ener!tion or "e#ree from the fi"(i!r*Frther, there i% no !b%olte "t* impo%e" on 2!n"! to tr!n%mit the %fr(t to the %b%titte% !% reire" b* Art%+ =6!n" =67 of the Ciil Co"e+ In f!(t, the !ppellee !"mit% Dth!t the te%t!tor (ontr!"i(t% the e%t!bli%hment of !fi"ei(ommi%%!r* %b%tittion &hen he permit% the propertie% %b5e(t of the %fr(t to be %ol" pon mt!l !#reement ofthe %fr(t!rie% !n" the n!e" o&ner%+D

D# 5##. v GATC$!T-#NA4 Phil 41

>O.:A Febr!r* 1, 190NAT"#Appe!l

FACTS- An! .!ri! Al(!nt!r! /"e(e!%e" left P1,4=+= on "epo%it in the C!rmen$% n!me &ith the !%%o(i!tion no&n !%=a?rbana in .!nil!, !% the fin!l p!*ment of her li i"!te" (re"it !#!in%t An"re% @!r(hitoren!, !l%o "e(e!%e", repre%ente"b* hi% %on, .!ri!no+- .!ri!no @!r(hitoren! hel" ! 5"#ment for P7,=7+ !#!in%t )o!in, h%b!n" of C!rmen+ he %heriff pr%!nt to the&rit of e'e(tion i%%e" in %!i" 5"#ment leie" !n !tt!(hment on %!i" !mont "epo%ite" &ith=a ?rbana.- C!rmen %e(re" ! prelimin!r* in5n(tion re%tr!inin# the e'e(tion of %!i" 5"#ment on the %m %o !tt!(he" be(!%ethe =a ?rbana "epo%it belon#% to her (hil"ren !% fi"ei(ommi%%!r* heir% of An! .!ri! Al(!nt!r!+-Pertinent (l!%e% of the 2ill


14/45


@1inth. !!! so that upon my death and a"ter probate o" this will and a"ter the report o" the committee onclaims and appraisal has been rendered and appro%ed she will recei%e "rom my e!ecutri! and properties composing my hereditary estate that she may en$oy them with od's blessing and my own.

Tenth. Should my heiress Carmen architorena die ( order that my whole estate shall pass unimpaired toher sur%i%ing children> and should any o" these die his share shall ser%e to increase the portions o" his sur%i%ingbrothers ;and sisters< by accretion in such wise that my estate shall ne%er pass out o" the hands o" my heiress or her children in so "ar as it is legally possible.

Ele%enth. Should my a"oresaid heiress Carmen architorena die a"ter me while her children are still intheir minority ( order that my estate be administered by my e!ecutri! Mrs. 8ose"a =aplana and in her de"ault by Attorney )amon Salinas and in his de"ault by his son )amon Salinas> !!!.B-he !ppell!nt% (onten" th!t in the%e (l!%e% the te%t!tri' h!% or"ere" ! %imple %b%tittion, &hile the !ppellee(onten"% th!t it i% ! fi"ei(ommi%%!r* %b%tittion+

!SS"#2ON ! fi"ei(ommi%%!r* e'i%t%

$#LD3ES+ he rei%ite% for ! fi"ei(ommi%%!r* %b%tittion e'i%t%, n!mel*1+ At fir%t heir prim!ril* (!lle" to the en5o*ment of the e%t!te+ In thi% (!%e the pl!intiff &!% in%titte" !n heire%%, (!lle" tothe en5o*ment of the e%t!te, !((or"in# to (l!%e I of the &ill++ An obli#!tion (le!rl* impo%e" pon the heir to pre%ere !n" tr!n%mit to ! thir" per%on the &hole or ! p!rt of thee%t!te+ S(h !n obli#!tion i% impo%e" in (l!%e &hi(h proi"e% th!t the D&hole e%t!te %h!ll p!%% nimp!ire" to her

/heire%%$% %riin# (hil"ren;D th%, in%te!" of le!in# the heire%% !t libert* to "i%po%e of the e%t!te b* &ill, or of le!in#the l!& to t!e it% (or%e in (!%e %he "ie% inte%t!te, %!i" (l!%e not onl* "i%po%e% of the e%t!te in f!or of the heire%%in%titte", bt !l%o proi"e% for t he "i%po%ition thereof in (!%e %he %hol" "ie !fter the te%t!tri'++ A %e(on" heir+ S(h !re the (hil"ren of the heire%% in%titte", &ho !re referre" to !% %(h %e(on" heir% both in (l!%e !n" in (l!%e I+4+ he fi"ei(ommi%%!ri% be entitle" to the e%t!te from the time the te%t!tor "ie%, %in(e he i% to inherit from the l!tter !n"not from the fi"(i!r*+ he (hil"ren in thi% (!%e !re the o&ner% of the i nherit!n(e b* irte of the te%t!tri'H% "e!th+ /F,the "epo%it (!nnot be the %b5e(t of e'e(tion b* @!r(hitoren! !% it "oe%nHt belon# to C!rmen+Reasoning,-hi% &ill (ert!inl* proi"e% for ! %b%tittion of heir% bt not 5%t ! %imple one (on%i"erin# th!t (l!%e I in (onne(tion&ith (l!%e proi"e% for ! %b%tittion &here the heire%% in%titte" "ie%a"ter the te%t!tri'+-Cl!%e "oe%nHt (onfli(t &ith the i"e! of fi"ei(ommi%!r*

he &or" sole "oe% not ne(e%%!ril* e'(l"e the i"e! of substituteheir%; !n" t!in# the%e three (l!%e%to#ether, %(h &or" me!n% th!t the pl!intiff i% the %ole heire%%instituted in the "irst instance+

he te%t!tri' h!" in min" ! fi"ei(ommi%%!r* %b%tittion, %in(e %he limit% the tr!n%mi%%ion of her e%t!te tothe (hil"ren of the heire%% in !((or"!n(e &ith the limit% fi'e" b* A 7=1 CC &hi(h pre%(ribe" th!t fi"ei(ommi%%!r*%b%tittion% %h!ll be !li" Dproi"e" the* "o not #o be*on" the %e(on" "e#ree+D

Another in"i(!tion of fi"ei(ommi%%!r* %b%tittion i% thi% (l!%e proi"e% th!t thewhole e%t!te %h!ll p!%%nimp!ire" to the heire%%$% (hil"ren, th!t i% to %!* the heire%% i% reire" to pre%ere the &hole e%t!te, &ithot"imintion, in or"er to p!%% it on in "e time to the fi"ei(ommi%%!r* heir%+

- he "i%po%ition (ont!ine" in (l!%e I i% not in(omp!tible &ith ! fi"ei(ommi%%!r* %b%tittion;it certainly isincompatible with the idea o" simple substitution where the heiress i nstituted does not recei%e the inheritance


15/45


NAT"#Petition for certiorari !n" prohibition !n"Gor mandamus &ith pr!*er for ! &rit of prelimin!r* in5n(tion+

FACTS- .!ri! i?!re% * Aln!n "ie" !n" left her Dte%t!mentoD in the po%%e%%ion !n" (%to"* of her nie(e, E%t!i! i?!re%,&ho l!ter file" ! petition for the %ettlement of her e%t!te+ he prob!te (ort "e(l!re" the &ill prob!te" !n" !ppointe"E%t!i! !% the e'e(tri' of the e%t!te of .!ri! i?!re%+

- E%t!i! file" ! pro5e(t of p!rtition, &hi(h &!% #r!nte" b* the prob!te (ort+ Simlt!neo%l*, %!i" (ort "e(l!re" theheir%, "ei%ee%, le#!tee% !n" %fr(t!rie% mentione" in the pro5e(t of p!rtition !% the onl* heir%, "ei%ee%, le#!tee%!n" %fr(t!rie% of the e%t!te; !"5"i(!te" to them the propertie% repe(tiel* !%%i#ne" to them, !n" or"ere" the>e#i%ter of A 69

@ANCA3CO; Febr!r* 7, 19=7

NAT"#Petition for >eie& of Or"er% of the CFI of Ceb+

FACTS- Petr! >o%!le% "ie" inte%t!te+ She &!% %rie" b* her h%b!n" Fortn!to !n" their (hil"ren .!#n! !n" Antonio+

Another (hil", C!rterio, pre"e(e!%e" her, le!in# behin" ! (hil", .!(ieero', !n" hi% &i"o& Irene!, the petitioner+he e%t!te of the "e(e!%e" h!% !n e%tim !te" #ro%% !le of !bot P0,000+- In the inte%t!te pro(ee"in#%, the tri!l (ort i%%e" !n Or"er "e(l!rin# the follo&in# in"ii"!l% the le#!l heir% of the"e(e!%e" !n" pre%(ribin# their re%pe(tie %h!re of the e%t!te Fortn!to /h%b!n", 1G4; .!#n! /"!#hter, 1G4;.!(ieero' /#r!n"%on, 1G4; !n" Antonio /%on, 1G4+- Irene! in%i%te" in #ettin# ! %h!re of the e%t!te in her (!p!(it* !% the %riin# %po%e of the l!te C!rterio, %on of the"e(e!%e", (l!imin# th!t %he i% ! (ompl%or* heir of her mother-in-l!& to#ether &ith her %on, .!(ieero'+ he tri!l(ort "enie" her ple!+ Ben(e, thi% petition+

!SS"#1+ 2ON the &i"o& &ho%e h%b!n" pre"e(e!%e" hi% mother (!n inherit from the l!tter, her mother-in-l!&+

$#LD1+ NO+Ratio A %riin# %po%e i% not !n inte%t!te heir of hi%Gher p!rent-in-l!&+Reasoning Inte%t!te or le#!l heir% !re (l!%%ifie" into #rop%, n!mel*, tho%e &ho inherit b* their o&n ri#ht, !n" tho%e&ho inherit b* the ri#ht of repre%ent!tion+ >e%t!te", !n inte%t!te heir (!n onl* inherit either b* hi% o&n ri#ht, !% in the


16/45


or"er of inte%t!te %((e%%ion proi"e" for in the CC or b* the ri#ht of repre%ent!tion proi"e" for in Art 9=1 of the %!mel!&+- he rele!nt proi%ion% of the CC !re Art%+ 9=0, 9=1, 9= !n" 999+ here i% no proi%ion &hi(h %t!te% th!t ! &i"o&/%riin# %po%e i% !n inte%t!te heir of her mother-in-l!&+ he entire Co"e i% "eoi" of !n* proi%ion &hi(h entitle% herto inherit from her mother-in-l!& either b* her o&n ri#ht or b* the ri#ht of repre%ent!tion+ he proi%ion% of the Co"e&hi(h rel!te to the or"er of inte%t!te %((e%%ion /Arti(le% 97= to 1014 enmer!te &ith meti(lo% e'!(tit"e theinte%t!te heir% of ! "e(e"ent, &ith the St!te !% the fin!l inte%t!te heir+ If the le#i%l!tre inten"e" to m!e the %riin#

%po%e !n inte%t!te heir of the p!rent-in-l!&, it &ol" h!e %o proi"e" in the Co"e+- Irene! !r#e% th!t %he i% ! (ompl%or* heir in !((or"!n(e &ith the proi%ion% of Art ==7+ he proi%ion refer% to thee%t!te of the "e(e!%e" %po%e in &hi(h (!%e the %riin# %po%e /&i"o& or &i"o&er i% ! (ompl%or* heir+ It "oe% not!ppl* to the e%t!te of ! p!rent-in-l!&+- 8* the %!me toen, the proi%ion of Art 999 "oe% not %pport Irene!$% (l!im+ he e%t!te (ontempl!te" in the !rti(le i%the e%t!te of the "e(e!%e" %po%e+ he %b5e(t m!tter of the inte%t!te e%t!te pro(ee"in#% in thi% (!%e i% th!t of the"e(e!%e" Petr! >o%!le%, the mother-in-l!& of Irene!+ It i% from the e%t!te of Petr! th!t .!(ieero' "r!&% ! %h!re ofthe inherit!n(e b* the ri#ht of repre%ent!tion !% proi"e" b* Art 9=1+- Art 971 e'pli(itl* "e(l!re% th!t .!(ieero' i% (!lle" to %((e%%ion b* l!& be(!%e of hi% bloo" rel!tion%hip+ Be "oe%not %((ee" hi% f!ther, C!rterio /the per%on repre%ente" &ho pre"e(e!%e" hi% #r!n"mother, Petr!, bt the l!tter &homhi% f!ther &ol" h!e %((ee"e"+ Irene! (!nnot !%%ert the %!me ri#ht of repre%ent!tion !% %he h!% no fili!tion b* bloo"&ith her mother-in-l!&+- Irene! !l%o (onten"% th!t !t the time of the "e!th of her h%b!n", he h!" !n in(ho!te or (ontin#ent ri#ht to thepropertie% of Petr! >o%!le% !% (ompl%or* heir+ 8e th!t !% it m!*, %!i" ri#ht of her h%b!n" &!% e'tin#i%he" b* hi%"e!th th!t i% &h* it i% their %on .!(ieero' &ho %((ee"e" from Petr! b* ri#ht of repre%ent!tion+ Be "i" not %((ee"

from hi% "e(e!%e" f!ther C!rterio+

BA!T"A v CA/S!r!h

L-CS!N v CA06 SC>A =

NA>VASA; Febr!r*

FACTS.!ri!no o(%in m!rrie" C!t!lin! )!(i!n+ he* h!" no (hil"ren+ In hi% &ill, .!ri!no in%titte" C!t!lin! !% hi% %olenier%!l heir+ he* both !#ree" th!t !fter "e!th, their propertie% th!t the* h!" from their re%pe(tie %i"e% of the f!milie%&ol" reert to their f!milie% /o(%in% !n" )!(i!n%+9 *e!r% !fter .!ri!noH% "e!th, C!t!lin! be#!n tr!n%ferrin#, b* %!le, "on!tion or !%%i#nment, their propertie% to their

re%pe(tie nie(e% !n" nephe&%+6 *e!r% !fter C!t!lin!H% "e!th, %ome of her )!(i!n nephe&% !n" nie(e% &ho h!" !lre!"* re(eie" their le#!(ie% !n"here"it!r* %h!re% from her e%t!te file" !(tion to re(oer propertie% th!t C!t!lin! h!" (one*e" to the o(%in% "rin# herlifetime, !lle#in# the* &ere inoffi(io%, &Go (on%i"er!tion, !n" inten"e" %olel* to (ir(ment l!&% on %((e%%ion+ ho%e(lo%e%t to C!t!lin! "i" not 5oin the !(tionhe C !n" CA "e(l!re" pri!te re%pon"ent% entitle" to inherit the propert* C!t!lin! h!" "i%po%e" of more th!n 10*e!r% before her "e!th

!SS"#2ON re%pon"ent% &ere entitle" to inherit the propert* C!t!lin! h!" "i%po%e" of

$#LDNO

he propert* C!t!lin! "i%po%e" of more th!n 10 *e!r% before her "e!th &!% not p!rt of her here"it!r* e%t!te, th!t i%,

the propert* !n" tr!n%mi%%ible ri#ht% !n" obli#!tion% e'i%tin# !t the time of the "e(e"entH% "e!th !n" tho%e &hi(h h!e

!((re" thereto %in(e the openin# of %((e%%ion+ B!" %he "ie" inte%t!te, onl* the propert* th!t rem!ine" in her e%t!te!t the time of "e!th &ol" h!e "eole" to her le#!l heir%+

Een if !ll the tr!n%fer% &ere tre!te" !% "on!tion%, the ri#ht !ri%in# n"er (ert!in (ir(m%t!n(e% to i mp#n !n" (ompelre"(tionGreo(!tion of "e(e"entH% #ift% inter io% "oe% not inre to re%pon"ent%, &ho !re not (ompl%or* heir%+ SothereH% no b!%i% for !%%min# intention on her p!rt to (ir(ment the l!& in i ol!tion of re%pon"ent%H ri#ht to %((e%%ion+In f!(t no le#itime% (ol" (on(ei!bl* be imp!ire" b* !n* tr!n%fer of her propert* "rin# her life time+ he* h!" no i"%W

:1& 5#T#!T!-N

A.NA v D"NCAN17 SC>A 90

.AAINA; )ne 0, 1966

FACTS- E"&!r" E+ Chri%ten%en, ! (iti?en of C!liforni! &ith "omi(ile in the Philippine%, "ie" le!in# ! &ill e'e(te" on .!r(h ,191+ he &ill &!% !"mitte" to prob!te b* CFI


17/45


A>+ =4+ he preterition or omi%%ion of one, %ome, or !ll of the (ompl%or* heir% in the "ire(t line, &hether liin#!t the time of the e'e(tion of the &ill or born !fter the "e!th of the te%t!tor, %h!ll !nnl the in%tittion of heir; btthe "ei%e% !n" le#!(ie% %h!ll be !li" i n%of!r !% the* !re not inoffi(io%+

- On the other h!n", !ppell!nt (onten"% th!t thi% i% not ! (!%e of preterition, bt i% #oerne" b* Arti(le 906 of the CiilCo"e, &hi(h %!*% DAn* (ompl%or* heir to &hom the te%t!tor h!% left b* !n* title le%% th!n the le#itime belon#in# to himm!* "em!n" th!t the %!me be fll* %!ti%fie"+D Appell!nt !l%o %##e%t% th!t (on%i"erin# the proi%ion% of the &ill&hereb* the te%t!tor e'pre%%l* "enie" hi% rel!tion%hip &ith Belen @!r(i!, bt left to her ! le#!(* neerthele%% !ltho#h

le%% th!n the !mont of her le#itime, %he &!% in effe(t "efe(tiel* "i%inherite" &ithin the me!nin# of Arti(le 91=, &hi(hre!"%A>+ 91=+ o%!rio N#i" "ie" on o%!rio N#i" onNoember 17, 191, %ome 11 *e!r% before her "emi%e+ Petitioner pr!*e" th!t %!i" &ill be !"mitte" to prob!te !n" th!tletter% of !"mini%tr!tion &ith the &ill !nne'e" be i%%e" to her+On )ne , 196, p!rent% Feli' !n" N#i", (on(e"e"l* the le#itim!te f!ther !n" mother of the "e(e!%e" >o%!rioN#i", entere" their oppo%ition to the prob!te of her &ill+ @ron" therefor,inter alia, i% th!t b* the in%tittion of

petitioner >eme"io% N#i" !% nier%!l heir of the "e(e!%e", oppo%itor% &ho !re (ompl%or* heir% of the "e(e!%e" inthe "ire(t !%(en"in# line+ &ere ille#!ll* preterite" !n" th!t in (on%een(e the in%tittion i% oi"+

!SS"#2ON the &ill i% oi" "e to preterition

$#LD3ES-2ill %t!te" 1o%. + +D6+( )SA)( 1??(2 being o" sound and disposing mind and memory ha%ing amassed a certain amount o" propertydo hereby gi%e de%ise and beueath all o" the property which ( may ha%e when ( die to my belo%ed sister )emedios1uguid age 07 residing with me at 0F-& (riga G.C. (n witness whereo" ( ha%e signed my name this se%enth day o" 1o%ember nineteen hundred and "i"ty-one.;Sgd.< (llegibl

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Succession Digests Part 2 121213074945 Phpapp02 (1)