Upload
shafia-ahmad
View
268
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
8/8/2019 Suggested Question Answers of Finance
1/29
ONJKJMA B@HAC [QA]XN@J] KJH KJ]WA\]
Y|ayk|ah l~ Y|`oa}}`| ]qe`~ Dqbk| Hfk|*
Okmqcx~ Babla|#NL] D`cdkxk*
;* Wfkx n} xfa hnooa|ajma laxwaaj Y|aoa|ajma }fk|a kjh A{qnx~ }fk|a0
Kj}* Y|aoa|ajma }fk|af`cha| aje`~} y|aoa|ajma nj mk}a `o hn}x|nlqxn`j `o hnvnhajh
kjh |ayk~bajx `o mkynxkc wfaj m`bykj~ g`a} `j cn{qnhkxn`j* Kcc Y|aoa|ajma}fk|a} k|a |ahaabklca nj Njhnk* Y|aoa|ajma }fk|a f`cha| fk} j` v`xnjg |ngfx kjh nx
n} j`x bk|dax x|khah* Xfa|ao`|a y|aoa|ajma }fk|af`cha|} `jc~ mkj aje`~ hnvnhajh
gknj*
A{qnx~ }fk|a n} j`x |ahaabklca* A{qnx~ }fk|af`cha|} k|a `wja| `o xfa m`bykj~*A{qnx~ }fk|af`cha| fk} v`xnjg |ngfx nj }acamxn`j `o l`k|h `o hn|amx`|} `o m`bykj~*
A{qnx~ }fk|a} k|a bk|dax x|khah* A{qnx~ }fk|a f`cha|} wncc aje`~ l`xf hnvnhajh
kjh mkynxkc gknj*
8/8/2019 Suggested Question Answers of Finance
2/29
8/8/2019 Suggested Question Answers of Finance
3/29
6* Wfkx h` ~`q bakj l~ ]aj}av kjh Jnox~ 0
Kj}* ]aj}a n} xfa njha `o L`blk~ ]x`md Amfkjga* Nx n} xfa wangfxah kva|kga
`o xfa y|nma `o =9 }amq|nxna}*Jnox~ n} xfa njha `o Jkxn`jkc ]x`md amfkjga* Nx n} xfa wangfxah kva|kga `o
xfa y|nma `o 19 }amq|nxna}*
>* Wfkx h` ~`q bakj l~ laxk kcqa `o k }amq|nx~0 F`w nx n} mkcmqckxah0
Kj}* Laxk vkcqa n} xfa bk|dax }aj}nxnvnx~ `o k }x md* Nx bak}q|a} xfa mfkjga nj xfa
bk|dax y|nma `o xfa }amq|nx~ hqa x` mfkjga nj bk|dax njha* Laxk n} xfa bak}q|a `o
}~}xabkxnm |n}d*Laxk vkcqa `o xfa }x`md n} mkcmqckxah l~ xfa o`|bqck
2 M`vk|nkjma laxwaaj xfa |axq|j `o bk|dax njha kjh |axq|j `o xfa yk|xnmqck| }x`md
/vk|nkjma `o xfa bk|dax njha
;9* Wfkx n} x|khnjg `j A{qnx~0
Kj}* No |axq|j `j mkynxkc abyc`~ah `o xfa on|b n} g|akxa| xfkj m`}x `o halx mkynxkc#l~ |ac~njg b`|a kjh b`|a `j halx mkynxkc# on|b mkj |kn}a nx} ak|jnjg ya| }fk|a* Nx n}
mkccah x|khnjg `j a{qnx~*
;;* Nj oqxq|a x|khnjg# f`w bkj~ x~ya} `o bk|gnj kj nja}x`| n} |a{qn|ah x` daay0
Kj}* Xfa|a k|a xf|aa x~ya} `o bk|gnj" njnxnkc bk|gnj# vk|nkxn j bk|gnj#
bknjxajkjma bk|gnj# xfkx k oqxq|a x|kha| n} |a{qn|ah x` daay* L`xf xfa lq~a| kjh}acca| `o xfa m`jx|kmx fk} x` hay`}nx k ma|xknj ya|majxkga &q}qkcc~ ;9!. `o x`xkc
vkcqa `o xfa m`jx|kmx nj xfa mcak|njg f`q}a k} njnxnkc bk|gnj* No kj~ `ja `o xfa yk|x~
bkda} haokqcx# mcak|njg f`q}a wncc m`byaj}kxa xfa `xfa| yk|x~ wnxf xfa facy `o xfabk|gnj b`ja~*
Bknjxajkjma bk|gnj n} xfa bnjnbqb jama}}k|~ bk|gnj b`ja~ xfkx akmf yk|x~ x`
fk} x` daay nj xfan| kmm`qjx* ]njma oqxq|a n} lanjg x|khah hknc~# hayajhnjg `jkyy|amnkxn`j `| hay|amnkxn`j `o xfa bk|dax y|nma `o oqxq|a bk|gnj wncc njm|ak}a `|
ham|ak}a*
No Bk|gnj b`ja~ okcc} lac`w xfa bknjxajkjma bk|gnj# yk|x~ wncc gax k mkcc o|`b
xfa mcak|njg f`q}a x` hay`}nx xfa b`ja~ }` xfkx fn} bk|gnj lkckjma wncc njm|ak}a x`njnxnkc bk|gnj cavac* Xfn} n} dj`wj k} vk|nkxn`j bk|gnj*
;
8/8/2019 Suggested Question Answers of Finance
4/29
yk|xnmqck| x|ajh* Xfa|ao`|a oqxq|a }x`md y|nma x|ajh mkj la haxa|bnjah o|`b xfa
yk}x b`vabajx `o }x md y|nma* ]x`md y|nma b`vabajx mkj la aycknjah wnxf xfa
facy `o g|kyf kjh mfk|x}*Oqjhkbajxkc kjkc~}n} n} q}ah x` haxa|bnja xfa njx|nj}nm vkcqa `o xfa }fk|a* Nx
njmcqha} am`j`bnm kjkc~}n}# njhq}x|~ kjkc~}n} kjh m`bykj~ kjkc~}n}* Am`j`bnm
kjkc~}n} xkda} njx` kmm`qjx hnooa|ajx okmx`|} }qmf k} GHY `o xfa jkxn`j# ]kvnjgkjh njva}xbajx ykxxa|j# B`ja~ }qyyc~# njockxn`j kjh njxa|a}x |kxa# Qjn`j Lqhgax#
lkckjma `o yk~bajx y`}nxn j axm* Njhq}x|~ kjkc~}n} njm`|y`|kxa} Y`|xa|} onva
okmx`| b`hac# Njhq}x|~ cnoa m~mca kjh jkxq|a `o njhq}x|~ &G|`wxf njhq}x|~# m~mcnmkcnjhq}x|~# haoaj}nva njhq}x|~.*
M`bykj~ kjkc~}n} njmcqha} kjkc~}n} `o cn{qnhnx~# }`cvajm~# y|`onxklncnx~ y`}nxn`j
`o xfa m`bykj~ wfnmf wncc la o cc wah l~ vkcqkxn`j `o xfa m`bykj~ l~
hn}m`qjxah mk}f oc`w baxf`h }qmf k} Hnvnhajh Hn}m`qjx B`hac# O|aa mk}f oc`wx` a{qnx~ B`hac# O|aa mk}f oc`w x` on|b b`hac axm* No xfa njx|nj}nm vkcqa `o xfa
}x`md n} ca}} xfkj xfa bk|dax y|nma# nx n} qjha|vkcqah `| vnma va|}k*
;=* Wfkx h` ~`q bakj l~ wakd# }abn }x|`jg kjh }x|`jg o`|b `o aoonmnajm~ nj xfabk|dax0
Kj}* Bk|dax aoonmnajm~ bakj} x` wfnmf axajx mq||ajx njo |bkxn`j k|anj}xkjxkja`q}c~ |aocamxah nj xfa bk|dax y|nma `o xfa }x md* Wakd o|`b `o
aoonmnajm~ nbycna} xfkx kcc xfa bk|dax yk|xnmnykjx} fkva xfa njo`|bkxn`j `o yk}x
ya|n`h }x`md y|nma* Xfa|ao`|a mq||ajx ya|n`h }x`md y|nma n} |aocamxnjg xfa yk}x
ya|n`h }x`md y|nma* @j xfa lk}n} `j yk}x ya|n`h }x`md y|nma njo`|bkxn`j# j` l`h~mkj ak|j ax|k`|hnjk|~ y|`onx nj wakd o`|b aoonmnajx bk|dax* Kqx`m`||ackxn`j xa}x
kjh |qj xa}x} k|a q}ah x` eqhga wfaxfa| xfa bk|dax n} o`cc`wnjg wakd o`|b
aoonmnajm~ `| j`x*]abn }x| jg o`|b `o aoonmnajm~ nbycna} bk|dax yk|xnmnykjx} fkva
njo`|bkxn`j kl`qx xfa yk}x ya|n`h }x`md y|nma b`vabajx k} wacc k} kcc yqlcn}fah
njo |bkxn j kl`qx xfa m`bykj~ }qmf k} {qk|xa|c~ onjkjmnkc |ay`|x# hnvnhajhhamck|kxn`j# l`jq} n}}qa# |ngfx n}}qa# }x`md }ycnx# ba|ga| km{qn}nxn`j jaw} axm* Xfq}
mq||ajx }x`md y|nma |aocamx} y|avn`q} ya|n`h }x`md y|nma k} wacc k} kcc yqlcnmc~
kvkncklca njo`|bkxn`j* @j xfa lk}n} `o njo`|bkxn`j `o yk}x ya|n`h }x`md y|nma kjhyqlcn}fah njo`|bkxn`j # j` l`h~ mkj ak|j ax|k`|hnjk|~ y|`onx no bk|dax n} }abn
}x|`jg aoonmnajx*
]x|`jg o`|b `o aoonmnajm~ nbycna} bk|dax yk|xnmnykjx} fkva xfa ak}~ kmma}}
x` l`xf njxa|jkc kjh yqlcn}fah njo`|bkxn`j kl`qx xfa m`bykj~* Xfq} }x`md y|nmawncc |aocamx yqlcnmc~ kvkncklca njo`|bkxn`j k} wacc k} njxa|jkc njo`|bkxn`j * Nj}nha|
x|khnjg kc}` j`x y`}}nlca no bk|dax n} }x|`jg o`|b aoonmnajx*
;8* Wfkx n} H`w xfa`|~ 0
Kj}* Kmm`|hnjg x` H`w xfa`|~ `o Xamfjnmkc Kjkc~}n}# }x`md y|nma n} b`vnjg kc`jg
k yk|xnmqck| m~mcnmkc x|ajh* Bk|dax n} g`va|jah l~ y|nbk|~ x|ajh# }am`jhk|~ x|ajhkjh hk~ x` hk~ ocqmxqkxn`j* Y|nbk|~ x|ajh }f`w} xfa xfa c`jg |kjga m~mca wfnmf
bkda} xfa ajxn|a bk|dax qy `| h`wj* ]am`jhk|~ x|ajh nbycna} bk|dax m`||amxn`j
xfkx |a}x|knjx} xfa b`vabajx `o y|nbk|~ x|ajh* ]am`jhk|~ x|ajh b`va} nj yy`}nxa
hn|amxn`j `o y|nbk|~ x|ajh* Hk~ x` Hk~ ocqmxqkxn`j `o }x`md y|nma hayajh} `j
8/8/2019 Suggested Question Answers of Finance
5/29
}ajxnbajx} `o xfa ya`yca* _`cqba wncc kc}` b`va kc`jg xfa y|nbk|~ x|ajh* No
y|nbk|~ x|ajh n} lqccn}f# v`cqba wncc njm|ak}a wfaj }fk|a y|nma} k|a g`njg qy kjh
v`cqba wncc g` h`wj wfaj }fk|a y|nma ham|ak}a}* @j xfa m`jx|k|~# no y|nbk|~x|ajh n} lak|n}f# v`cqba wncc njm|ak}a wfaj }fk|a y|nma} k|a g`njg h`wj kjh
v`cqba wncc okcc wfaj }fk|a y|nma} k|a g`njg qy*
;1* Wfkx n} |ay` kjh |aa|}a |ay` 0
Kj}* @oxaj m`bba|mnkc lkjd} l`||`w o| b \LN l~ }accnjg xfan| }amq|nxna} wnxf kj
kg|aabajx x` |ayq|mfk}a nx koxa| k ma|xknj ya|n`h `o xnba kx k fngfa| y|nma * Xfa|kxa xfa m`bba|mnkc lkjd fk} x` yk~ x` \LN n} mkccah |ay` |kxa* Nj njockxn`jk|~
ya|n`h# \LN |kn}a} xfa |ay` |kxa* Hq|njg xfa |ama}}n`j xnba# |ay` |kxa n} |ahqmah*
Mq||ajx |ay` |kxa n} ?!*
Wfaj \LN n} l`|| wnjg o|`b \LN# xfa m`bba|mnkc lkjd wncc |amanva xfanjxa|a}x o|`b xfa l`||`wa|}* Xfa |kxa m`bba|mnkc lkjd} |amanva o|`b xfa \LN n}
dj`wj k} xfa |ava|}a |ay * Mq||ajx |ava|}a |ay` |kxa n} 1!* Hq|njg xfa
njockxn`jk|~ ya|n`h# |ava|}a |ay` |kxa n} kc}` njm|ak}ah kjh vnma va|}k*
;?* Wfkx n} m`a|ah mkcc kjh jkdah mkcc 0
Kj}* K m`va|ah mkcc }x|kxag~ njv`cva} w|nxnjg k mkcc `yxn`j `j kj k}}ax kc`jg wnxflq~njg xfa k}}ax* Nx n} mkccah m`va|ah y`}nxn`j lamkq}a y`xajxnkc `lcngkxn`j x`
hacnva| xfa }x`md n} m`va|ah l~ xfa qjha|c~njg }x`md nj y`|xo`cn`*
K jkdah mkcc }x|kxag~ njv`cva} w|nxnjg k mkcc `yxn`j `j k}}ax wnxf`qx lq~njg
xfa k}}ax* Nx n} mkccah jkdah y`}nxn`j lamkq}a y`xajxnkc `lcngkxn`j x` hacnva| xfa}x`md n} j`x m`va|ah l~ xfa qjha|c~njg }x`md nj xfa y`|xo`cn`*
;7* Wfkx n} nj xfa b`ja~ kjh `qx `o xfa b`ja~ mkcc `yxn`j 0Kj}* No lq~a| `o xfa mkcc `yxn`j fk} k jax mk}f njoc`w k} lamkq}a bk|dax y|nma n}
g|akxa| xfkj xfa aa|mn}a y|nma# nx n} Nj xfa B`ja~ mkcc `yxn`j*
No lq~a| `o xfa mkcc `yxn`j fk} k jax mk}f njoc`w k} lamkq}a bk|dax y|nma n}ca}} xfkj xfa aa|mn}a y|nma# nx n} @j xfa B`ja~ Mkcc @yxn j*
;6* Wfkx h` ~`q bakj l~ y|`xamxna yqx }x|kxag~ 0Kj}* Wfaj kj njva}x`| yq|mfk}a} kj qjha| y|nmah }x`md wnxf xfa kjxnmnykxn`j xfkx
nx} y|nma wncc g` qy nj xfa jak| oqxq|a# xfa|a n} k |n}d xfkx hqa x` bk|dax |n}d y|nma
`o xfa }x`md bk~ okcc* X` fahga |n}d# xfa~ wncc yq|mfk}a yqx `yxn`j* Nx n} dj`wj k}
y|`xamxnva yqx*
;>* Wfkx n} xfa hnooa|ajma laxwaaj xfa mc`}a ajhah kjh `yaj ajhah bqxqkc oqjh
}mfaba0Kj}* Xfa }ql}m|nyxn`j x` k mc`}a ajhah }mfaba n} dayx `yaj `jc~ o`| k cnbnxah
ya|n`h* K mc`}a ajhah }mfaba h`a} j`x kcc`w njva}x`|} x` wnxf h|kw oqjh} k} kjh
wfaj xfa~ cnda* K mc`}a ajhah oqjh fk} k onah bkxq|nx~ ya|n`h*Xfa `yaj ajhah }mfaba kmmayx} oqjh} o|`b njva}x`|} l~ `ooa|njg nx} qjnx} `j
k m`jxnjq`q} lk}n}* @yaj ajhah }mfaba ya|bnx} njva}x`|} x` wnxfh|kw oqjh} `j k
m`jxnjqnjg lk}n} qjha| k |ayq|mfk}a kg|aabajx* Kj `yaj ajhah }mfaba fk} j`
bkxq|nx~ ya|n`h*
8/8/2019 Suggested Question Answers of Finance
6/29
8/8/2019 Suggested Question Answers of Finance
7/29
xfa m`byaxnxnva y`}nxn`j }ql}xkjxnkcc~* Nx n} y`}}nlca wfaj bkjqokmxq|njg xkda}
yckma nj `ja jkxn`j kjh }accnjg xkda} yckma nj kj`xfa| jkxn`j*
8/8/2019 Suggested Question Answers of Finance
8/29
}x|khhca* ]x|khhca n} k }x|kxag~ x` yq|mfk}a/}acc k mkcc kjh k yqx `yxn`j }nbqcxkja`q}c~
wnxf }kba aa|mn}a y|nma kjh }kba ayn|kxn`j hkxa* C`jg }x|khhca n} q}ah wfaj nx n}
ayamxah xfkx }y`x y|nma wncc b`va x` xfa anxfa| hn|amxn`j o|`b xfa aa|mn}a y|nma* ]f`|x}x|khhca n} q}ah wfaj }x`md y|nma n} ayamxah x` la va|~ mc`}a wnxf aa|mn}a y|nma*
=9* Avycknj xfa m`jmayx `o Lqcc ]y|akh kjh Lak| ]y|akh }x|kxag~*Kj}* No njva}x`| ya|manva} xfkx xfa|a wncc la lqccn}f x|ajh nj xfa bk|dax lqx fa n} j`x
va|~ }q|a kl`qx nx# fa q}a} Lqcc }y|akh }x|kxag~* Fa|a njva}x`| lq~} `ja mkcc `yxn`j kjh
}acc} kj`xfa| mkcc `yxn`j wnxf }kba ayn|kxn`j hkxa lqx wnxf hnooa|ajx aa|mn}a y|nma*Njva}x`| yq|mfk}a} xfkx mkcc `yxn`j wf`}a aa|mn}a y|nma n} lac`w xfkj xfa }y`x y|nma kjh
}acc} xfkx mkcc `yxn`j wf`}a aa|mn}a y|nma n} g|akxa| xfkj xfa }y`x y|nma* Y|`onx wncc la
bknbnuah no xfa }y`x y|nma n} kl`va xfkj `qx xfa b`ja~ mkcc `yxn`j* C`}} wncc la
bknbqb no xfa }y`x y|nma n} lac`w xfa nj xfa b`ja~ mkcc `yxn`j* Lak| }y|akh }x|kxag~n} q}ah wfaj njva}x`| kjxnmnykxa} xfa|a wncc la lak|n}f x|ajh nj xfa bk|dax lqx fa n} j`x
ma|xknj kl`qx xfa njxaj}nx~ `o nx* Fa|a njva}x`| lq~} k mkcc `yxn`j wf`}a aa|mn}a y|nma n}
fngfa| xfkj }y`x y|nma kjh }acc} k mkcc `yxn`j wf`}a aa|mn}a y|nma n} ca}} xfkj }y`x y|nma*
Y|`onx wncc la bknbnuah no }y`x y|nma okcc} lac`w xfa aa|mn}a y|nma `o nj xfa b`ja~ `oxfa mkcc `yxn`j kjh c`}} wncc la bknbnuah wfaj }y`x y|nma n} kl`va xfa aa|mn}a y|nma
`o `qx xfa b`ja~ mkcc `yxn`j*
=;* Wfkx n} Lqxxa|oc~ }x|kxag~0
Kj}* Kj`xfa| y`yqck| }x|kxag~ n} mkccah lqxxa|oc~ }x|kxag~ *Nj c`jg lqxxa|oc~# njva}x`|
yq|mfk}a} xw` ax|aba mkcc `yxn`j} kjh }acc < qjnx} `o njxa|bahnkxa mkcc `yxn`j}* O`|akbyca no xfa|a k|a = mkcc `yxn`j} K# L# M wf`}a aa|mn}a y|nma k|a \}*;99#;19#
8/8/2019 Suggested Question Answers of Finance
9/29
}qjh|~ halx`|}# lncc} |amanvklca}# }x`md}# y|ayknh ayaj}a} axm* Mq||ajx
cnklncnx~ n} xfa ayaj}a} xf`}a k|a x` la njmq||ah wnxfnj `ja ~ak| }qmf k} lncc}
yk~klca# }qjh|~ m|ahnx`|}# `qx}xkjhnjg ayaj}a}# y|`vn}n`j o`| xkkxn`j#y|`vn}n`j o`| hay|amnkxn`j kjh y|`y`}ah hnvnhajh axm* Xfa nhakc mq||ajx |kxn`
n} < }` xfkx akmf |qyaa `o mq||ajx cnklncnx~ }f`qch la lkmdah l~ < |qyaa `o
mq||ajx k}}ax*l. [qnmd |kxn`2 [qnmd |kxn` n} xfa |kxn` `o {qnmd k}}ax x` {qnmd cnklncnx~* Nx n}
haonjah k} mq||ajx k}}ax" }x`md/ mq||ajx cnklncnx~" lkjd `va|h|kox*
]`baxnba} nx fkyyaj} xfkx mq||ajx |kxn` n} fngf lqx {qnmd |kxn` n} c`w* Nx}f`w} bke`|nx~ `o xfa mq||ajx k}}ax} k|a nj xfa o`|b `o }x`md} wfa|a xfa|a n}
j` gqk|kjxaa wfaxfa| m`bykj~ wncc la klca x` `ooc`kh xfa }x`md wnxfnj `ja
~ak| `| j`x* Fngfa| {qnmd |kxn` }xkjh} o`| }`qjh cn{qnhnx~ y`}nxn`j `o xfa
m`bykj~* M`bykj~ fk} m`j}`cnhkxah nx} y`}nxn`j nj }qmf wk~# xfkx xfa|a n}j` mfkjma `o yk~bajx haokqcx x` xfa }qyycna|} kjh m|ahnx`|}*
=8* F`w }`cajm~ y`}nxn`j `o k m`bykj~ n} eqhgah 0
Kj}* Wfajava| kj njva}x`| n} wnccnjg x` njva}x nj k }x`md# kx on|}x xfa }`cvajm~k}yamx `o xfa m`bykj~ n} x` la eqhgah*
k. Halx A{qnx~ |kxn 2 Halx a{qnx~ |kxn n} kj njhnmkx`| `o c`jg xa|b }`cvajm~y`}nxn`j `o xfa on|b*
Halx A{qnx~ |kxn`2 C`jg xa|b halx/}fk|af`cha|} oqjh
C`jg xa|b halx njmcqha} c`jg xa|b c`kj o|`b lkjd `| onjkjmnkc nj}xnxqxn`j# l`jh
kjh halajxq|a* ]fk|af`cha|} oqjh2 a{qnx~ mkynxkc$ y|aoa|ajma }fk|a mkynxkc$|a}a|va kjh }q|ycq}"onmxnxn`q} k}}ax no kj~ *No on|b fk} c`wa| halx a{qnx~ |kxn`# nx
nbycna} xfkx on|b n} hayajhnjg b`|a kjh b`|a`j a{qnx~ mkynxkc nj}xakh `o halx
mkynxkc* ]` njva}x`|} oqjh n} kcb`}x }koa*@j xfa m`jx|k|~ no halx a{qnx~ |kxn`n}fngf# xfa|a n} k |n}d `o nj}`cvajm~ k} xfa on|b |ac~njg b`|a kjh b`|a `j halx
mkynxkc*
l. Y|`y|naxk|~ |kxn` 2 L~ haonjnxn`j# Y|`y|naxk|~ |kxn`2
]fk|af`cha|}/y|`y|nax`|} oqjh
X`xkc k}}ax
No y|`y|naxk|~ |kxn` `o xfa on|b n} fngf# nx njxa|y|ax} xfkx c`jg xa|b }`cvajm~
y`}nxn`j `o xfa on|b n} g``h* Bke`|nx~ `o xfa k}}ax} k|a onjkjmah l~}fk|af`cha|} oqjh* C`w y|`y|naxk|~ |kxn y|a}ajx} eq}x |ava|}a }majk|n`
xfkx on|b fk} k c`x `o halx lq|haj*
=1* Wfkx h` ~`q bakj l~ Aoonmnajm~ `| Xq|j @a| kjkc~}n} `o k on|b 0
Kj}* Xfn} ha}m|nla} xfa hag|aa `o aoonmnajm~ nj qxncnukxn`j `o vk|n`q} k}}ax} hayc`~ah njxfa
on|b*
k. Njvajx |~ xq|j `va| |kxn`2 Njvajx`|~ xq|j `va| |kxn n} haonjah m`}x `o g``h}}`ch/kva|kga njvajx`|~*
Kva|kga njvajx`|~ f`chnjg ya|n`h2 =?1/Njvajx`|~ xq|j `va|
8/8/2019 Suggested Question Answers of Finance
10/29
Njvajx`|~ xq|j`va| xf| w} cngfx kx xfa hag|aa `o aoonmnajm~ nj njvajx`|~ bkjkgabajx* K
fngf njvajx`|~ xq|j`va| |kxn` n} xfa njhnmkx`| `o }`qjh njvajx`|~ bkjkgabajx* K c`wnjvajx`|~ xq|j`va| |kxn` nbycna} ama}}nva njvajx`|~ cavac} xfkj wk||kjxah l~ v`cqba `o
`ya|kxn`j* K fngf cavac `o nhca `| `l}`caxa njvajx`|~ bakj} lc`mdkga `| c`}} `o mkynxkc* K
va|~ fngf njvajx |~ xq|j `va| |kxn` }f`qch la akbnjah mkqxn`q}c~* Nx bk~ la hqa x`bknjxknjnjg kj njkha{qkxa cavac `o njvajx`|~ wfnmf bk~ mkq}a o|a{qajx }x`md `qx*
l. Halx`|} xq|j `va| |kxn` 2Nx n} haonjah k} M|ahnx }kca}/ kva|kga |amanvklca}*Kva|kga m`ccamxn`j ya|n`h2 =?1/halx`|} xq|j `va| |kxn`
Fngfa| halx`| xq|j `va| |kxn` bakj} }f |xa| kva|kga m`ccamxn`j ya|n`h* Nx
njhnmkxa} aoonmnajm~ nj m`ccamxn`j `o halx* Halx`|} k|a j`x kcc`wah x` cnjga| xfan|
yk~bajx*C`wa| halx xq|j `va| |kxn` bakj} c`jga| kva|kga m`ccamxn`j ya|n`h* Xfn} |aocamx}
njaoonmnajm~ nj m`ccamxn`j `o halx* Nx bk~ |a}qcx xfa lkh halx wfnmf bk~ a|`ha
y|`onxklncnx~*
m. M|ahnx`|} xq|j`va| |kxn` 2 Nx n} aycknjah k}Kjjqkc M|ahnx yq|mfk}a/Kva|kga yk~klca*
Kva|kga yk~bajx ya|n`h2=?1/m|ahnx`|} xq|j `va| |kxn`* K c`w m|ahnx xq|j `va| |kxn` n}
kyyk|ajxc~ okv`q|klca k} nj xfkx mk}a on|b aje`~} cajgxf~ m|ahnx ya|n`h* ]x|knj `j w`|dnjg
mkynxkc n} c`w* Fngf m|ahnx xq|j `va| |kxn njhnmkxa} on|b n} x` yk~ nx} }qyycna|}
nbbahnkxac~ koxa| yq|mfk}a*
=?* F`w y|`onxklncnx~ y`}nxn`j `o k on|b n} eqhgah 0
Kj}* _nxkc yk|kbaxa| x` bak}q|a xfa }qmma}} `o xfa
m`bykj~ n} nx} y|`onxklncnx~* Q}qkcc~ y|`onx n} haonjah k} xfa hnooa|ajma laxwaaj
x`xkc |avajqa kjh x`xkc m`}x* Xfa|a k|a }ava|kc bak}q|abajx} `o y|`onxklncnx~"k. G|`}} y| onx bk|gnj 2G|`}} y| onx n} j`xfnjg lqxama}} `o }kca} `va| kjh kl`va xfa m`}x `o g``h} }`ch* G|`}} y|`onx bk|gnj 2
g|`}} y|`onx/}kca} ;99*
No g|`}} y|`onx bk|gnj `o k on|b n} fngf nx njhnmkxa} xfkx on|b fk} kmfnavahamaccajma nj mq|xkncnjg xfa y|`hqmxn`j/bkjqokmxq|njg m`}x*
l. Jax y|`onx bk|gnj 2 Jax y|`onx n} j`xfnjg lqx y`}x xk
y|`onx `o xfa m`bykj~*Jax y|`onx2`ya|kxnjg njm`ba$ njm`ba o|`b `xfa| }`q|ma}"hay|amnkxn`j"njxa|a}x"xk*Jax y|`onx bk|gnj 2 jax y|`onx/}kca} ;99 *No jax y|`onx
bk|gnj `o k on|b n} fngf nx nbycna} xfkx xfa on|b n} klca x` m`ya wnxf kcc
qjokv`|klca mn|mqb}xkjma} wfkxava| bk~ xkda yckma nj jak| oqxq|a }qmf k} okcc
nj xfa y|nma `o xfa y|`hqmx# aba|gajma `o }ql}xnxqxa}# hnoonmqcx~ `o `lxknjnjg |kwbkxa|nkc} axm* No g|`}} y|`onx bk|gnj n} fngf lqx jax y|`onx bk|gnj n} c`w# nx
nbycna} xf`qgf on|b fk} kxxknjah aoonmnajm~ nj bkjqokmxq|njg lqx hqa x` fngfa|
`oonma kjh khbnjn}x|kxnva ayaj}a# nx} jax y|`onx n} j`x qy x` xfa bk|d*
m. \axq|j `j a{qnx~ 2Xfa b`}x nby`|xkjx njhnmkx`| `o
onjkjmnkc ya|o`|bkjma # xfa \axq|j `j A{qnx~&\@A. n} haonjah k}
\@A2 YLNX/}kca} }kca}/k}}ax} YLX/YLNX YKX/YLX k}}ax/jax w`|xf\@A2YLNX aoonmnajm~ k}}ax xq|j`va| njxa|a}x lq|haj xk lq|haj cava|kga
8/8/2019 Suggested Question Answers of Finance
11/29
Nj }nbyca va|}n`j \axq|j `j A{qnx~ n} njxa|y|axah k}
YKX/Jax w`|xf*
Jax w`|xf `o k m`bykj~ n} A{qnx~ mkynxkc $Y|aoa|ajma mkynxkc $ \a}a|va kjh}q|ycq}" onmxnxn`q} k}}ax} no kj~*
No |axq|j `j a{qnx~ n} fngf# nx }f`w} }x`md ya|o`|bkjma `o xfa m`bykj~ n} va|~
g``h*Ak|jnjg ya| }fk|a2Ak|jnjg ya| }fk|a n} xfa |kxn` `o on|b} x`xkc ak|jnjg}# jax xka}
bnjq} y|aoa|ajma hnvnhajh `va| xfa jqbla| `o a{qnx~ }fk|a}* Nx n} ha}n|klca xfkx k
m`bykj~ }f`qch fkva k fngfa| AY]* Xfaj xfa }x`md `o xfa m`bykj~ wncc la cqm|kxnva`yxn`j o`| xfa njva}x`|
=7* Wfkx h` ~`q bakj l~ @ya|kxnjg Caa|kga kjh Onjkjmnkc Caa|kga0
Kj}* Cava|kga kjkc~}n} `o on|b n} kc}` va|~ vnxkc x` gax kj nhak kl`qx xfa on|b*
k. @ya|kxnjg Cava|kga 2 @ya|kxnjg cava|kga bak}q|a}
hn}y|`y`|xn`jkxa mfkjga nj y|`onx hqa x` y|`y`|xn`jkxa mfkjga nj }kca}* Hag|aa `o
@ya|kxnjg Cava|kga&H@C. n} haonjah k} m`jx|nlqxn`j/ m`jx|nlqxn`j"onah m`}x* Noonah m`}x `o k on|b n} fngfa|# nx} H@C wncc la fngfa|* L|akd avaj y`njx `o `qxyqx
wncc la fngfa|* Xfa on|b wncc la nj k |n}d~ y`}nxn`j* Xfa|a n} k |n}d xfkx hqa x`|ahqmxn`j `o }bkcc kb`qjx `o }kca# y|`onx wncc la |ahqmah x` ck|ga axajx*
Fngfa| H@C n} y|aoa|klca wfaj habkjh o`| xfa y|`hqmx `| }a|vnma `o xfa on|b n}
b`|a `| ca}} }xklca*
l. Onjkjmnkc cava|kga 2 Onjkjmnkc cava|kga bak}q|a}hn}y|`y`|xn`jkxa mfkjga nj ak|jnjg ya| }fk|a hqa x` y|`y`|xn`jkxa mfkjga nj y|`onx*
Hag|aa `o Onjkjmnkc cava|kga&HOC. n} haonjah k} Y| onx Lao`|a Njxa|a}x kjh
Xk&YLNX./Y|`onx Lao`|a Xk&YLX.*HOC2YLNX/YLNX"N* No njxa|a}x lq|haj `o kon|b n} fngf# HOC wncc la fngfa|* Wfaj on|b hayajh} b |a kjh b`|a `j
l`||`wah mkynxkc# on|b wncc la nj |n}d~ y`}nxn`j lamkq}a hqa x` fngfa| HOC xfa|a n}
k |n}d xfkx ak|jnjg ya| }fk|a wncc okcc x` k ck|ga| axajx wfaj y|`onx okcc}*Fngfa| onjkjmnkc cava|kga n} okv`q|klca no xfa |axq|j `j mkynxkc abyc`~ah n} fngfa|
xfkj xfa m`}x `o |kn}njg mkynxkc* Nj xfn} mk}a# l~ |ac~njg b`|a kjh b`|a `j halx
mkynxkc# ak|jnjg ya| }fk|a mkj la ajfkjmah wfnmf n} dj`wj k} X|khnjg `j A{qnx~*
=6* Wfkx n} \kjh`b Wkcd Xfa`|~ 0
Kj}* \kjh`b Wkcd xfa`|~ nbycna} xfkx }x`md y|nma `o x`hk~ fk} j` njocqajma `j }x`md
y|nma `o x`b`||`w* Mfkjga nj }x`md y|nma `mmq|} no xfa|a n} k mfkjga nj am`j`b~#njhq}x|~ `| m`bykj~* Xfkx njo`|bkxn`j n} nbbahnkxac~ kjh nj}xkjxkja`q}c~ |aocamxah
nj xfa }x`md y|nma* Xfa|ao`|a b`vabajx `o }x`md y|nma n} kx |kjh`b |kxfa| xfkj nj k
y|ahnmxah ykxxa|j*
=>* Bajxn`j }`ba baxf`h} `o mkynxkc lqhgaxnjg wfa|a |n}d kjh qjma|xknjx~ n}njm`|y`|kxah*
Kj}* ]`ba baxf`h} `o mkynxkc lqhgaxnjg wnxf |n}d kjh qjma|xknjx~ n}
\n}d Kheq}xah Hn}m`qjx \kxa
Ma|xknjx~ A{qnvkcajx baxf`h
]aj}nxnvnx~ Kjkc~}n}
8/8/2019 Suggested Question Answers of Finance
12/29
Hamn}n`j X|aa kyy|`kmf
89* Wfkx h` ~`q bakj l~ njxkjgnlca k}}ax} onmxnxn`q} k}}ax 0
Kj}* Njxkjgnlca k}}ax} k|a xf`}a k}}ax} wfnmf k|a m|akxah xf|`qgf xnba kjh aoo`|x lqx
xfa~ k|a j`x yf~}nmkcc~ bak}q|klca* Njxkjgnlca k}}ax} k|a `o xw` x~ya} }qmf k} `oonmnkc
k}}ax kjh onmxnxn`q} k}}ax *Xfa akbyca `o `oonmnkc k}}ax} k|a ykxajx# m`y~ |ngfx* Xfa}ak|a njxaccamxqkc y|`ya|x~ |ngfx xfkx xfa njj`vkx`| `o k jaw y|`hqmx# y|`ma}}# m`jmayx
aje`~}* Ykxaj kjh m`y~ |ngfx fk} onjnxa ya|n`h `o cnoa* @va| xfa cnoa m`bykj~ fk} x`
w|nxa `oo xfab*Onmxnxn`q} k}}ax} k|a xf`}a wfnmf fkva b`jaxk|~ vkcqa wnxf`qx lkmdah l~ kj~ yf~}nmkc
k}}ax* O`| akbyca" axa|jkcc~ gaja|kxah g``hwncc* Wfaj `ja m`bykj~ km{qn|a}
kj`xfa| m`bykj~# xfa ama}} `o okma vkcqa km{qn|a| m`bykj~ yk~} x` xfa xk|gaxm`bykj~ o`| nx} akmf }fk|a bqcxnycnah l~ jqbla| `o `qx}xkjhnjg }fk|a} `o xfa xk|gax
m`bykj~ n} dj`wj k} axa|jkcc~ gaja|kxah g``h wncc o`| xfa km{qn|a| m`bykj~ kjh nx
wncc la }f`wj k} xfa k}}ax }nha `o xfa lkckjma }faax* Nj mk}a `o onmxnxn`q} k}}ax}# xfa~
fkva x` la w|nxxaj `oo kx k fngfa| |kxa*
Xfa|a k|a }`ba nxab} wfnmf k|a yckmah nj xfa k}}ax }nha `o lkckjma }faax njkmm`qjxnjg }aj}a lqx xfa~ mkj j`x la m`j}nha|ah k} xfa k}}ax `o xfa m`bykj~ c`gnmkcc~*
No k m`bykj~ njmq|} c`}}# nx wncc la }f`wj nj xfa k}}ax }nha `o xfa lkckjma }faax xf`qgfc`}} n} j`x kj k}}ax o`| k m`bykj~* Y|acnbnjk|~ ayaj}a kjh hn}m`qjx `j n}}qa `o
}fk|a} k|a kc}` akbyca `o onmxnxn`q} k}}ax*
8;* Wfkx n} xfa hnooa|ajma laxwaaj O|aa Mk}f Oc`w x` A{qnx~ kjh O|aa Mk}f
Oc`w x` On|b m`jmayx0
Kj}* OMOA b`hac n} q}ah k} k b`ha|j a{qnx~ vkcqkxn`j kyy|`kmf* Nx }f`w} xfa o|aamk}f oc`w kvkncklca x` a{qnx~ }fk|af`cha| koxa| baaxnjg kcc ayaj}a}*
OMOA2 Jax Njm`ba" & Mkynxkc ayajhnxq|a" Hay|amnkxn`j" kb`|xnukxn`j ."Mfkjga nj
j`j mk}f w`|dnjg mkynxkc $Jax mk}f njoc`w o|`b halx n}}qa*Jax Njm`ba2 Y|`onx Koxa| xkMq||ajx Bk|dax y|nma `o xfa }fk|a2 OMOA;/&|"g.
OMOA;2 O|aa mk}f oc`w a{qnx~ }fk|af`cha| koxa| ; ~ak|*
|2 m`}x `o a{qnx~ &haxa|bnjah l~ MKYB b`hac.|2 |n}d o|aa |kxa `o |axq|j $ Laxk vkcqa |n}d y|abnqb
g2 ayamxah g|`wxf |kxa
\anjva}xbajx |kxa mkcmqckxn`j n} h`ja `j xfa lk}n} `o OMOA b`hac* Nj mk}a `o a{qnx~vkcqkxn`j# G|`wxf |kxa 2 \anjva}xbajx |kxa |axq|j `j A{qnx~
\anjva}xbajx |kxa2 &Mkynxkc ayajhnxq|a hay|amnkxn`j" kb`|xnukxn`j $ mfkjga nj
j`j mk}f WM halx n}}qa$ halx |ahabyxn`j./ Jax Njm`ba
\axq|j `j A{qnx~2 YKX/Jax w`|xfOMOO b`hac }f`w} mk}f oc`w kvkncklca x` xfa babla|} `o xfa on|b xfkx n} l`xf halx
kjh a{qnx~ f`cha|*
OMOO2 YLNX&;"x. $ \&;"x. $ Hay|amnkxn j$ Kb`|xnukxn`j" Mkynxkc ayajhnxq|a mfkjga nj j`j mk}f w`|dnjg mkynxkc
\ 2 Njxa|a}x yk~bajx l~ xfa m`bykj~ x` m|ahnx`|
g2 \@MA \anjva}xbajx |kxa\@MA2 YLNX &;"x./ & l``d vkcqa `o halx $ l``d vkcqa `o a{qnx~.
8/8/2019 Suggested Question Answers of Finance
13/29
\anjva}xbajx |kxa2 Mkynxkc ayajhnxq|a hay|amnkxn`j" kb`|xnukxn`j $ Mfkjga nj
J`j mk}f w`|dnjg mkynxkc/ T YLNX &;"x. $ \&;"x.R
Mq||ajx y|nma `o xfa bk|dax }fk|a2 OMOO; /&d"g.D2 wangfxah kva|kga m`}x `o mkynxkc
2 &L``d vkcqa `o halx/ L``d vkcqa. m`}x `o halx $ &L``d vkcqa `o a{qnx~/ L``d
vkcqa . m`}x `o a{qnx~
8
8/8/2019 Suggested Question Answers of Finance
14/29
fahga oqjh n} bknjc~ aje`~ah l~ fngf Jax w`|xf Njhnvnhqkc kjh fahga oqjh m`bykj~
mfk|ga l`xf bkjkgabajx oaa k} wacc k} ya|o`|bkjma oaa }nbqcxkja`q}c~* Xfa
amaccajma `o Fahga oqjh n} xfkx nx |ahqma} xfa }~}xabkxnm |n}d `| bk|dax |n}d `o xfanjva}xbajx* K} k |a}qcx l`xf |axq|j kjh |n}d wncc b`ha|kxa |kxfa| xfkj klj`|bkcc~
fngf* Gaja|kcc~ xfa }x|kxag~ kh`yxah l~ Fahga oqjh m`bykj~ xfkx xfa~
}nbqcxkja`q}c~ njva}x nj qjha| y|nmah }x`md k} wacc k} xfa~ k|a njv`cvah nj }f`|x}accnjg `o xfa k}}ax* Wfaj Bk|dax lam`ba} lqccn}f# y|`onx n} ha|nvah o|`b qjha|
y|nmah }x`md lqx c`}} wncc la njmq||ah o|`b }f`|x }accnjg* ]` c }} o|`b }f`|x }accnjg n}
m`qjxa| lkckjmah l~ gknj o|`b njva}xbajx nj qjha| y|nmah }x`md* @j xfa m`jx|k|~wfaj bk|dax lam`ba} lak|n}f # y|`onx n} ak|jah o|`b }f`|x }accnjg lqx xfa|a n} k c`}}
o|`b qjha| y|nmah }x`md njva}xbajx* C`}} o|`b njva}xbajx nj qjha| y|nmah }x`md n}
lkckjmah l~ y|`onx o|`b }f`|x }accnjg* Nj l`xf xfa mk}a} }~}xabkxnm |n}d fk} laaj
fahgah*
88* Wfkx h` ~`q bakj l~ }njdnjg oqjh okmx`| kjh mkynxkc |am`a|~ okmx`|0Kj}* No k ma|xknj kb`qjx `o oqjh&^. n} x` la |akcnuah koxa| ma|xknj ya|n`h `o
xnba&j.# wfkx a{qkc kb`qjx&V. }f`qch la njva}xah kx xfa ajh `o ava|~ ~ak|" xfkx n}haxa|bnjah l~ }njdnjg oqjh okmx`|*
V O_NOK& |!# j ~ak|. 2 ^
@| V2 ^ ;/O_NOK&|!# j ~ak|.2^ }njdnjg oqjh okmx`|
]njdnjg oqjh okmx`| n} |amny|`mkc `o O_NOK*
No kj njva}x`| njva}x} k ma|xknj kb`qjx `o oqjh&^. nj k y|`eamx nj xfa mq||ajx ya|n`h
kjh wnccnjg x` |akcnua xfa oqjh wnxfnj k ma|xknj ya|n`h `o xnba xfkx n} &j ~ak|}.# xfaa{qkc kb`qjx `o njoc`w &V.xfkx y|`eamx n} ayamxah x` gaja|kxa" xfkx n} haxa|bnjah
l~ mkynxkc |am`va|~ okmx`|*
V Y_NOK&|!# j ~ak|.2 ^@| V 2 ^ ;/ Y_NOK&|!# j ~ak|. 2 ^ Mkynxkc |am`va|~ okmx`|
Mkynxkc |am`va|~ okmx`| n} xfa |amny|`mkc `o Y_NOK*
81* Wfkx n} LK]AC NN kjh f`w nx n} hnooa|ajx o|`b LK]AC N 0
Kj}* Kmm`|hnjg x` Lk}ac N# kcc xfa lkjd} k|a khvn}ah x` bknj mkynxkc kha{qkm~ |kxn` kx
cak}x 6!* Mkynxkc kha{qkm~ |kxn`2 &Xna| N mkynxkc $ Xna| NN mkynxkc./ |n}d wangfxah k}}ax*
Xna| N mkynxkc njmcqha} a{qnx~ mkynxkc kjh |a}a|va }q|ycq}* Xna| NN mkynxkc njmcqha} fnhhaj|a}a|va# |avkcqkxn`j |a}a|va# f~l|nh nj}x|qbajx}# }ql`|hnjkxah halx axm*
\LN fk} nj}x|qmxah kcc Njhnkj M`bba|mnkc lkjd} x` f`ch mkynxkc kha{qkm~ |kxn` kx cak}x
>!*
Lk}ac NN n} xfa }am`jh `o xfa Lk}ac Kmm`|h}# wfnmf k|a |am`bbajhkxn`j} `j lkjdnjgckw} kjh |agqckxn j} n}}qah l~ xfa Lk}ac M`bbnxxaa `j Lkjdnjg ]qya|vn}n j* Xfa
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basel_Accordshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basel_Accordshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basel_Committee_on_Banking_Supervisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basel_Accordshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basel_Committee_on_Banking_Supervision8/8/2019 Suggested Question Answers of Finance
15/29
yq|y`}a `o Lk}ac NN# wfnmf wk} njnxnkcc~ yqlcn}fah nj Eqja
wfnmf kha{qkxa cn{qnhnx~ mkj la y|`vnhah x` b`|xgkga bk|dax `o nccq{qnh k}}ax
}nbqcxkj`q}c~ fahgnjg mkj la h`ja kgknj}x haokqcx |n}d*Xfa mk}f |akcn}ah l~ xfn} wk~ n} nbbahnkxac~ yknh x` xfa Lkjd* Wfaj bk|dax njxa|a}x
g`a} qy# YC\$
Nj}xnxqxn`jkc njva}x`|} bkda cnaj `j xfa |akc a}xkxa y|`ya|x~ kjh x|~ x` }acc nx*K} k|a}qcx }accnjg y|a}}q|a nj bk|dax fk} g`ja qy# |akc a}xkxa y|nma }xk|xah x` okcc
|kynhc~#*Xfa|ao`|a nj}xnxqxn`jkc Njva}x`| }xk|xah x` }qooa| o|`b cn{qnhnx~ m|~}n}*xfn} n}
dj`wj k} }qly|nba m|~}n}* Lqx njxa|bahnkxa onjkjmnkc nj}xnxqxn`j m`jxjqah xfan| m|ahnx
m|akxn`j y|`ma}} k} xfan| m|ahnx fn}x`|~ n} kcwk~} g``h k} xfa~ k|a yk~njg xnbac~ x` xfalkjd}*]`baxnba} xfa~ k|a njxajxn`jkcc~ njockxnjg xfa l`||`wa|} cavac `o njm`ba }`
xfkx Nj}xnxqxn`jkc Njva}x`|} wncc la b`xnvkxah x` yq|mfk}a xfa halx }amq|nx~* Xfn} wncc
oq|xfa| w`|}ajnjg xfa }nxqkxn`j*
8/8/2019 Suggested Question Answers of Finance
16/29
87 Wfkx h` ~`q bakj l~ kcyfk kcqa `o kj k}}ax0
Kj}* Kcyfk vkcqa `o kj k}}ax nbycna} |n}d o|aa |kxa `o |axq|j o|`b |n}d~ }amq|nx~* Kcyfk
vkcqa mkj la haxa|bnjah wnxf xfa facy `o mfk|kmxa|n}xnm cnja* Mfk|kmxa|n}xnm cnja }f`w}xfa |ackxn`j}fny laxwaaj }x`md y|nma b`vabajx kjh xfa bk|dax njha b`vabajx*
Xfa a{qkxn`j `o xfa mfk|kmxa|n}xnm cnja mkj la ay|a}}ah k}
^2 kcyfk $ Laxk V^2 \axq|j o|`b xfa yk|xnmqck| }x`md
V2 \axq|j o`|b xfa bk|dax njha
No kcyfk vkcqa `o xfa }x`md n} y`}nxnva# nx n} qjha|y|nmah `| vnma va|}k*
86* Wfkx h` ~`q bakj l~ K]LK 0
Kj}* K]LK n} Kyycnmkxn j ]qyy`|xah l~ Lc`mdah Kb`qjx* Nx n} k laxxa| wk~ `o
kyyc~njg o`| kj NY@ `| OY@ l~ }nbyc~ lc`mdnjg xfa oqjh nj xfa lkjd kmm`qjx* Njxfn} mk}a# xfa ya|}`j wncc m`jxnjqa x` ak|j njxa|a}x `j xfa kb`qjx* Xfa `jc~
m`j}x|knjx n} xfkx# xfa~ mkj j`x wnxfh|kw xfa oqjh o|`b xfa kmm`qjx* Kb`qjx wncc
la halnxah `jc~ no }fk|a n} kcc`xxah x` xfa njhnvnhqkc* No xfa ya|}`j n} j`x kcc`xxah
xfa }fk|a# kqx`bkxnmkcc~ oqjh wncc la lc`md o|aa* K]LK n} ha}ngjah l~ ]ALN x`y|`xamx xfa Njva}x`|} njxa|a}x wf` k|a wnccnjg x` kyyc~ o`| NY@ lqx j`x kx xfa
ayaj}a `o njxa|a}x njm`ba c`}}*
8>* Wfkx h` ~`q bakj l~ njockxn`j kjh nx} bak}q|abajx0
Kj}* Njockxn`j n} xfa }q}xknjah |n}a nj y|nma* Nj `xfa| w`|h} njockxn`j
nbycna} ama}} `o b`ja~ }qyyc~ `va| kjh kl`va xfa kvkncklca g``h} kjh}a|vnma} nj xfa am`j`b~*
Njockxn`j mkj la bak}q|ah l~ WYN & Wf`ca}kca Y|nma Njha Jqbla|. `|
MYN & M`j}qba| Y|nma Njha Jqbla|.*Nj WYN# }ngjnonmkjx wangfx n} gnvaj x` bkjqokmxq|ah k|xnmca*
Nj MYN# nx njm`|y`|kxa} k lk}dax `o g``h} wfnmf m`j}qba|} k|a q}qkcc~ q}a
kjh }ngjnonmkjx wangfx n} gnvaj x` o``h k|xnmca}*Xfa G`va|jbajx `j ;8xf ]ayxabla|#8 k} xfa lk}a ~ak|
wfnmf `jc~ |aocamxah xfa y|nma |n}a nj 8=1 k|xnmca}*
Ahnlca kjh j`j ahnlca nxab} wnhac~ q}ah l~ bnhhca mck}} ya`yca cnda nmam|akb# bnja|kc wkxa|# bnm|`wkva `vaj}# wk}fnjg bkmfnja}# g`ch# }ncva|
k|a |aocamxah nj jaw WYN }a|na}*
19* Wfkx h` ~`q bakj l~ Lkckjma `o Yk~bajx o k jkxn`j0Kj}* L@Y n} haonjah k} }~}xabkxnm |am`|h `o onjkjmnkc x|kj}kmxn`j} wnxf xfa
|a}nhajx} `o xfa babla| m`qjx|~ kjh xfa |a}nhajx} `o |a}x `o w`|ch o`| k yk|xnmqck| ya|n h `o xnba* Lkckjma `o yk~bajx fk} xw` x~ya} `o
x|kj}kmxn`j}" Kqx`j`b`q} x|kj}kmxn`j kjh kmm`bb`hkxnjg x|kj}kmxn`j*
Kqx`j`b`q} x|kj}kmxn`j} njmcqha} kcc xfa x|kj}kmxn`j} wfnmf k|a xkdnjg
yckma o`| xfa }kda `o lq}nja}} o`| akbyca mq||ajx kmm`qjx kjh mkynxkc
8/8/2019 Suggested Question Answers of Finance
17/29
kmm`qjx x|kj}kmxn j* L@Y n} m`byqxah k} k h`qlca ajx|~ kmm`qjxnjg
}~}xab* Kj~ x|kj}kmxn`j wfnmf m|akxa} habkjh o`| f`ba mq||ajm~ wncc la
yckmah nj m|ahnx }nha# kj~ x|kj}kmxn j wfnmf m|akxa} }qyyc~ `o f`bamq||ajm~ wncc la yckmah nj }qyyc~ }nha* Kj~ x|kj}kmxn`j wfnmf n} q}ah k} k
}`q|ma `o oqjh n} yckmah nj m|ahnx }nha kjh kj~ x|kj}kmxn`j wfnmf n} q}ah k}
kyycnmkxn`j `o oqjh n} yckmah nj halnx }nha* Mq||ajx kmm`qjx x|kj}kmxn`jnjmcqha} ay`|x kjh nby`|x `o g``h} kjh }a|vnma} kjh qjnckxa|kc yk~bajx*
Ay`|x `o g``h} kjh }a|vnma wncc la y`}nxah nj m|ahnx }nha kjh nby`|x `o
g``h} kjh }a|vnma} wncc la y`}nxah nj halnx }nha* No m|ahnx }nha `o mq||ajxkmm`qjx n} g|akxa| xfkx xfa halnx }nha `o mq||ajx kmm`qjx# jkxn`j fk} mq||ajx
kmm`qjx }q|ycq}*
Mkynxkc kmm`qjx x|kj}kmxn`j njmcqha} njoc`w kjh `qxoc w `o OHN kjh ONN*
Njoc`w `o OHN kjh ONN n} y`}nxah nj m|ahnx }nha `o L@Y kjh `qxoc`w `o OHNkjh ONN n} y`}nxah nj halnx }nha `o L@Y* No m|ahnx }nha nj mkynxkc kmm`qjx n}
g|akxa| xfkj halnx }nha `o xfa mkynxkc kmm`qjx# jkxn`j fk} mkynxkc kmm`qjx
}q|ycq}*
No xfa }qb x`xkc `o m|ahnx }nha `o mq||ajx kjh mkynxkc kmm`qjx n} g|akxa| xfkjxfa }qb x`xkc `o halnx }nha `o mq||ajx kjh mkynxkc kmm`qjx# jkxn`j n} }knh x
fkva k L@Y }q|ycq}*Kmm`bb`hkxnjg x|kj}kmxn j k|a xf`}a x|kj}kmxn`j} wfnmf k|a xkdnjg yckma
x` bkda xfa lkckjma `o yk~bajx kcwk~} lkckjmah* O`| akbyca mfkjga no
o`|angj amfkjga |a}a|va# mfkjga nj g`ch |a}a|va axm*
Njhnk n} kcwk~} k mq||ajx kmm`qjx haonmnx jkxn`j k} nx} vkcqa `o nby`|x n}kcwk~} fngfa| xfkj vkcqa `o ay`|x* Lqx hqa x` lanjg kj aba|gnjg
am`j`b~# Njhnk n} xfa y`yqck| ha}xnj~ `o OHN kjh ONN* Xfa|ao`|a Mkynxkc
kmm`qjx `o Njhnk |abknj} kcwk~} }q|ycq} x` k }qmf axajx xfkx nx b`|a xfkj`oo}ax xfa mq||ajx kmm`qjx haonmnx `o xfa jkxn`j*& lk||njg xfa xnba `o gc`lkc
|ama}}n`j nj
8/8/2019 Suggested Question Answers of Finance
18/29
c`wa| m`|y`|kxa y|`onx xk* Y|`vn}n`j mkj la bkha o | y|`y`}ah hnvnhajh
yk~bajx x` xfa }fk|af`cha| kc}`*
Wfaj m`bykj~ ak|j} y|`onx ma|xknj kb`qjx wncc la yknh x` xfa }fk|af`cha| k
hnvnhajh kjh |abknjnjg kb`qjx wncc la dayx k} |a}a|va kjh }q|ycq}* \a}a|va}
k|a `o xw` x~ya}" |avajqa |a}a|va kjh mkynxkc |a}a|va* \avajqa |a}a|vanjmcqha} |a}a|va o`| lkh halx kjh |a}a|va o`| hay|amnkxn`j* Mkynxkc |a}a|va
njmcqha} mkynxkc |ahabyxn j |a}a|va# }fk|a y|abnqb kmm`qjx# hnvnhajh
a{qkcnukxn`j |a}a|va*
1=* Hn}xnjgqn}f laxwaaj Njhnkj GKKY Q]K GKKY *
Njhnk Q]K
Njhnkj GKKY kcc`w} haoa||ah |avajqaayajhnxq|a*
Q]K GKKY h`a} j`x kcc`w nx*
\ackxah yk|x~ x|kj}kmxn`j n} }x|nmxc~
y|`fnlnxah nj Njhnk*
Q]K GKKY n} cnla|kc nj |ackxah yk|x~
x|kj}kmxn`jAbyfk}n} n} gnvaj `j m`j}`cnhkxn`j j`|bwfa|a g``hwncc `| mkynxkc |a}a|va fk} x` la
}yamnonah*
Q]K GKKY n} b`|a o`mq}ah `j bnj`|nx~njxa|a}x*
18* Kb`jg njockxn`j kjh haockxn`j wfnmf h` ~`q y|aoa| wf~0
Kj}* Njockxn`j n} }q}xknjah |n}a nj y|nma wfnmf |ahqma} xfa yq|mfk}njg y`wa| `o
b`ja~* Lqx ha}ynxa `o nx} avnc}# k bnch h`ua `o njockxn`j }f`qch la njeamxah njxfa l`h~ `o am`j`b~ lamkq}a nx }xnbqckxa} kgg|agkxa habkjh* No habkjh n}
fngfa|# y|nma wncc g` qy* Y|`hqma| wncc la wnccnjg x` }qyyc~ b`|a x` l`` fngfa|
y|`onx* K} k |a}qcx habkjh o`| okmx`|} wncc g` qy kjh abyc`~bajx g`a} qy* Kcc
am`j`bnm vk|nklca }qmf k} qxyqx# abyc`~bajx# njm`ba wncc g` qy*
Haockxn`j bakj} }q}xknjah okcc nj y|nma* K} y|nma g`a} h`wj# y|`hqma| |ahqma}
y|`hqmxn`j* Habkjh o`| okmx`|} wncc g` h`wj* Qjabyc`~bajx wncc g` qy*Habkjh g`a} h`wj oq|xfa|* Kgknj y|nma b`va} nj xfa h`wjwk|h hn|amxn`j*
Xfa|ao |a kcc vk|nklca} }qmf k} `qxyqx# y|nma# abyc`~bajx wncc b`va nj
h`wjwk|h }yn|kc*
Xfa|ao`|a njockxn`j n} lkh lqx |ama}}n`j n} w`|}x*
11* Hn}xnjgqn}f laxwaaj onjkjmnkc cak}a @ya|kxnjg cak}a*
Kj}* K onjkjmnkc cak}a n} }x|qmxq|ah x` njmcqha xfa o`cc`wnjg mfk|kmxa|n}xnm}" Xfa ca}}aa }acamx} xfa a{qnybajx kmm`|hnjg x` fn} |a{qn|abajx o|`b
bkjqokmxq|a| `| hn}x|nlqx`|
Xfa ca}}aa jag`xnkxa} kjh }axxca} wnxf xfa bkjqokmxq|a| `| hn}x|nlqx`|
xfa y|nma# hacnva|~ }mfahqca# nj}xkcckxn`j# bknjxajkjma axm
Onjkjmnkc cak}a bk~ y|`vnha xfa |ngfx `| `yxn`j x` xfa ca}}aa x`
yq|mfk}a xfa a{qnybajx kx k oqxq|a hkxa*
8/8/2019 Suggested Question Answers of Finance
19/29
Xfa cak}a ya|n`h }y|akh} `va| xfa ayamxah am`j`bnm cnoa `o xfa
k}}ax*
Xfa |a}y`j}nlncnx~ `o }qnxklncnx~ `o xfa a{qnybajx# xfa |n}d `o`l}`ca}ma} kjh cnklncnx~ o`| |aykn|# bknjxajkjma# nj}q|kjma `o xfa
a{qnybajx |a}x} wnxf ca}}aa*
K `ya|kxnjg cak}a n} }x|qmxq|ah k} @ya|kxnjg cak}a n} gaja|kcc~ o`| k ya|n`h }f`|xa| xfkj xfa
am`j`bnm cnoa `o xfa cak}ah k}}ax*
@ya|kxnjg cak}a j`|bkcc~ njmcqha} bknjxajkjma mckq}a |a{qn|njgxfa ca}}a| x` bknjxknj xfa cak}ah k}}ax*
1?* Hn}xnjgqn}f laxwaaj cak}a kjh fn|a yq|mfk}a*
Cak}a Fn|a yq|mfk}a
Xfa ca}} | n} xfa `wja| kjh ca}}aa n}ajxnxcah x` xfa am`j`bnm q}a `o xfa k}}ax*
@wja|}fny `o xfa k}}ax yk}}a} `j x` xfafn|a| nj mk}a `o fn|a yq|mfk}a `j yk~bajx
`o ck}x nj}xkccbajx*
Xfa hay|amnkxn`j `o xfa k}}ax n} mfk|gah `jxfa l``d `o ca}}`|*
Fn|a| n} ajxnxcah o`| hay|amnkxn`j }fnach*
M`}x `o bknjxajkjma n} l`|ja l~ ca}}aa nj
mk}a `o onjkjmnkc cak}a kjh m }x `o
bknjxajkjma n} l`|ja l~ ca}}a| nj mk}a `o`ya|kxnjg cak}a*
M`}x `o bknjxajkjma n} l`|ja l~ fn|a|*
Ca}}`| n} kcc`wah x` mcknb xk }fnach `j
hay|amnkxn`j kjh ca}}aa n} ajxnxcah x` mcknbxk lajaonx `j cak}a |ajxkc*
Fn|a| n} kcc`wah x` mcknb xk }fnach `j
hay|amnkxn`j `o xfa k}}ax
17* Hn}xnjgqn}f laxwaaj hakcqkxn`j kjh hay|amnkxn`j*
Kj}* Havkcqkxn`j n} |ahqmxn`j `o xfa vkcqa `o f`ba mq||ajm~ nj xa|b} `oo`|angj mq||ajm~* Nx n} k y`cnm~ bak}q|a x` ajm`q|kga ay`|x kjh hn}m`q|kganby`|x* Xfa havkcqkxn`j m`jmayx n} kyycnmklca nj onah amfkjga |kxa |agnba*
Hay|amnkxn`j n} kc}` |ahqmxn`j `o f`ba mq||ajm~ nj xa|b} `o o`|angj mq||ajm~
lqx nx n} kyycnmklca nj mk}a `o ocanlca amfkjga |kxa* Nj ocanlca amfkjga|kxa# |kxa n} haxa|bnjah l~ habkjh kjh }qyyc~ o`|ma `o xfa bk|dax* Xfa|a n} j`
njxa|vajxn`j o|`b xfa G`va|jbajx* Mq||ajm~ wnxf fngfa| njockxn j |kxa wncc
hay|amnkxa* Nx n} dj`wj k} Yq|mfk}njg Y`wa| Yk|nx~&YYY. xfa`|~* Mq||ajm~wnxf fngfa| njxa|a}x |kxa wncc hay|amnkxa* Nx n} dj`wj k} Njxa|a}x \kxa Yk|nx~xfa`|~ &N\Y.*
16* Wfkx n} OBM 0
Kj}* Xfa Qjn j mklnjax `j ;7xf ]ayxabla|
8/8/2019 Suggested Question Answers of Finance
20/29
k|a cndac~ x` gax yckma `j akmf `xfa|} l`k|h* Nx ykva} xfa wk~ o`| m`bb`hnx~
lk}ah amfkjga x|khah oqjh# x|khnjg `j njhnma} kjh wakxfa| lk}ah y|`hqmx*
Oqxq|a kjh `yxn`j x`gaxfa| wncc gnva laxxa| cn{qnhnx~ nj xfa bk|dax* Ok|ba|}yk|xnmnykxn`j wncc njm|ak}a xf|`qgf `yxn`j |`qxa lamkq}a xfa~ w`qch j`x `jc~
lam`ba nj}q|kjma nj mk}a bk|dax g`a} h`wj lqx nx wncc gnva xfa `yy`|xqjnx~ x`
xfa ok|ba|} x` mkyxq|a la}x y`}}nlca y|nma nj mk}a `o k bk|dax |kcc~*
1>* Wfkx h` ~`q bakj l~ O\LB kmx0Kj}5 On}mkc \a}y`j}nlncnx~ Lqhgax Bkjkgabajx Kmx wk} yk}}ah Nj yk|cnkbajx nj xfa ~ak|
8/8/2019 Suggested Question Answers of Finance
21/29
8/8/2019 Suggested Question Answers of Finance
22/29
}a|vnma}*Wfnca xfa njxajxn`j `o xfa |agqckx`| wa|a wacc bakjnjg# xfa njhq}x|~ n} ~axx` |am`jmnca nx}aco x` xfa mfkjga} wfnmf fkva laaj mk||nah `qx*
Xfa j` c`kh |agnba fk} o`|mah bkj~ }bkcc hn}x|nlqx`|} x` }fqx }f`y# }njma m`jvnjmnjgkj njva}x`| x` yk~ b`ja~ o`| }a|vnma} |ajha|ah wfnca njva}xnjg nj k onjkjmnkc y|`hqmx
}qmf k} kj BO n} j`x ak}~*O`| njva}x`|} fkvnjg c jg laaj q}ah x` gaxxnjg k yk|x `o
xfan| njva}xbajx k} mk}f lkmd o|`b xfa hn}x|nlqx`| # nx wncc xkda k wfnca o`| xfab x` gaxq}ah x xfn} jaw |agnba*M`byk|ah x` xfa m`ccamxn`j} `o jak|c~ \} =9999 x` 89999m|`|a nj xfa ~ak|}
8/8/2019 Suggested Question Answers of Finance
23/29
Hn}xnjgqn}f laxwaaj X\NY X\NB*
Kj}* X|kha \ackxah Njva}xbajx Bak}q|a} &X\NB. |aoa|} x` ma|xknj m`jhnxn`j} `|
|a}x|nmxn`j} nby`}ah l~ k G`va|jbajx nj |a}yamx `o o`|angj njva}xbajx nj xfa m`qjx|~*X\NB} wa|a wnhac~ abyc`~ah nj havac`ynjg m`qjx|na}*
Kj kg|aabajx `j X\NB} y|`vnha xfkx j` m`jx|kmxnjg yk|x~ }fkcc kyyc~ kj~ X\NB
wfnmf n} njm`j}n}xajx wnxf xfa WX@ k|xnmca} *Kj nccq}x|kxnva cn}x nhajxnona} xfkx o`cc`wnjgX\NB} k|a njm`j}n}xajx*
k. C`mkc M`jxajx \a{qn|abajx & ma|xknj kb`qjx o c`mkc njyqx} la q}ah nj y|`hqmx}.
l. X|kha lkckjmnjg |a{qn|abajx& nby`|x }f`qch j`x amaah k ma|xknj kb`qjx `o ay`|x.m. X|kha kjh O`|angj amfkjga lkckjmnjg |a{qn|abajx
h. H`ba}xnm }kca} |a{qn|abajx & k m`bykj~ }fkcc }acc k ma|xknj y`|xn`j `o nx} `qxyqx
c`mkcc~.*
Xfa kg|aabajx |a{qn|a} xfa j`xnonmkxn`j `o kcc WX@ njm`j}n}xajx X\NB] kjh xfan|yfk}njg `qx wnxfnj xw`# onva# }avaj ~ak|} l~ njhq}x|nkc# havac`ynjg kjh ca}} havac`yah
m`qjx|na}*
X|kha \ackxah K}yamx} `o Njxaccamxqkc Y|`ya|x~ \ngfx &X\NY. n} qjha| xfa Q|qgqk~
|`qjh k||kjgabajx `o GKXX& J`w [email protected]\NY m`va| }avaj Njxaccamxqkc y|`ya|xna}"
k. M`y~|ngfx |ackxah |ngfxl. X|khabk|d
m. Ga`g|kyfnmkc Njhnmkxn`j}
h. Njhq}x|nkc ha}ngj}
a. Ykxajx}o. Ck~ qx ha}ngj o njxag|kxah mn|mqnx}
g. Qjhn}mc`}ah njo`|bkxn`j njmcqhnjg x|kha }am|ax}
Wfkx n} GKXX WX@0
Kj}* Xfa Gaja|kc Kg|aabajx `o Xk|noo X|kha wk} l`|j nj ;>86 k} xfa |a}qcx `o
Njxa|jkxn`jkc ha}n|a x` cnla|kcnua xfa x|kha*Xfa y|akblca `o GKXX bajxn`jah xfa o`cc`wnjg k} nx} nby`|xkjx `leamxnva}"
k. \kn}njg }xkjhk|h o cnoa
l. Aj}q|njg oqcc abyc`~bajx kjh ck|ga }xakhnc~ g|`wnjg v`cqba `o |akc njm`ba aooamxnva habkjh
m. Havac`ynjg oqcc q}a} `o |a}`q|ma} `o xfa w |ch
h. Aykj}n j `o y|`hqmxn`j njxa|jkxn`jkc x|kha
GKXX kh`yxah xfa o`cc`wnjg y|njmnyca}"
J`j hn}m|nbnjkxn`j" Xfa y|njmnyca `o j`j hn}m|nbnjkxn j |a{qn|a} xfkx j`
babla| m`qjx|~ }fkcc hn}m|nbnjkxa laxwaaj xfa babla|} `o GKXX nj
m`jhqmx `o njxa|jkxn`jkc x|kha* Y|`fnlnxnva `o [qkjxnxkxnva \a}x|nmxn`j}5 Nx |qca} }aad x` y|`fnlnx
{qkjxnxkxnva |a}x|nmxn`j} k} ok| k} y`}}nlca kjh cnbnx |a}x|nmxn`j} `j x|kha x`
xfa ca}} |ngnh xk|noo
M`j}qcxkxn`j5 L~ y|`vnhnjg k o`|qb o`| m`jxnjqnjg m`j}qcxkxn`j # nx }`qgfx x`
|a}`cva hn}kg|aabajx} xf|`qgf m`j}qcxkxn`j**
8/8/2019 Suggested Question Answers of Finance
24/29
O`cc wnjg xfa Q|qgqk~ |`qjh# GKXX wk} m`jva|xah o|`b k y|`vn}n jkckg|aabajx njx` k o`|bkc Njxa|jkxn`jkc @|gkjnukxn`j mkccah W`|ch X|kha
@|gkjn}kxn`j &WX@. wnxf aooamx o|`b Ekjqk|~ ;#;>>1*
Xfa WX@ fk} xfa o`cc`wnjg oqjmxn`j}" Xfa WX@ wncc okmncnxkxa xfa nbycabajxkxn`j# khbnjn}x|kxn`j# `ya|kxn`j
kjh oq|xfa| xfa `leamxnva} `o Bqcxnckxa|kc X|kha Kg|aabajx
Xfa WX@ }fkcc y|`vnha xfa o`|qb o`| jag`xnkxn`j} kb`jg nx} babla|}m`jma|jnjg xfan| bqcxnyca x|kha |ackxn j} nj bkxxa| hakcx wnxf qjha|
kg|aabajx*
Xfa WX@ khbnjn}xa|} Qjha|}xkjhnjg `j \`ca} y|`mahq|a} g`va|jnjgxfa }axxcabajx `o hn}yqxa}*
Xfa WX@ khbnjn}xa|} X|kha |avnaw Bamfkjn}b
?1* Wfkx h` ~`q bakj l~ ajxq|a mkynxkc0
Kj}* _ajxq|a mkynxkc n} lk}nmkcc~ a{qnx~ onjkjma nj |ackxnvac~ jaw m`bykjna} wfaj nx
n} x`` ak|c~ x` g` x` xfa mkynxkc bk|dax x |kn}a oqjh}* F`wava| }qmf njva}xbajx n} j`xamcq}nvac~ a{qnx~ njva}xbajx* Nx mkj la kc}` bkha nj xfa o`|b `o c`kj onjkjma/m`jva|xnlca
halx x` aj}q|a k |qjjnjg ~nach `j y`|xo cn` `o vajxq|a mkynxkcn}x* _ajxq|a mkynxkc n} konjkjmnkc njxa|bahnk|~ laxwaaj njva}x |} c``dnjg o | fngf y`xajxnkc |axq|j kjh
ajx|ay|ajaq|} wf` jaah nj}xnxqxn`jkc mkynxkc k} xfa~ k|a j`x |akh~ `| klca x` g` x` xfa
bk|dax*
Wfkx n} OA\K OABK0
Kj}* O`|angj Amfkjga x|kj}kmxn`j} wa|a |agqckxah nj Njhnk l~ O`|angj Amfkjga
\agqckxn`j Kmx &OA\K.# ;>7=* Xfn} kmx wk} }`qgfx x` |agqckxa ma|xknj k}yamx} `o m`jhqmx `o
lq}nja}} `qx}nha xfa m`qjx|~ l~ Njhnkj m`bykjna} kjh nj Njhnk l~ o`|angj m`bykjna}*Xfa OA\K wk} wnhac~ ha}m|nlah k} h|km`jnkj ckw* Xfa bknj `leamxnva `o OA\K o|kbah
kgknj}x xfa lkmdg|`qjh `o }ava|a o`|angj amfkjga y|`lcab kjh m`jx|`ccah am`j`bnm|agnba # wk} m`j}a|vkxn`j kjh y|`ya| qxncnukxn`j `o xfa o`|angj amfkjga |a}`q|ma} `o xfam`qjx|~*
Nj xfa cngfx `o `jg`njg Am`j`bnm cnla|kcnukxn`j `o xfa m`qjx|~ kjh nby|`vnjg o`|angj
amfkjga |a}a|va `o xfa jkxn`j# k jaw O`|angj Amfkjga Bkjkgabajx Kmx &OABK. ;>>>#|ayckmah xfa OA\K* Amayx k} y|`vnhah nj xa|b} `o xfa kmx# `| wnxf xfa gaja|kc `| }yamnkc
ya|bn}}n`j `o \LN# j` ya|}`j }fkcc hakc nj kj~ o`|angj amfkjga `| o`|angj }amq|nx~ `xfa|
xfkj kqxf`|nuah ya|}`j# j` ya|}`j mkj bkda kj~ yk~bajx x` `| o`| xfa m|ahnx `o kj~ ya|}`j|a}nhajx `qx}nha `o Njhnk nj kj~ bkjja|# J` ya|}`j mkj |amanva `xfa|wn}a xf|`qgf kj
kqxf`|nuah ya|}`j #kj~ yk~bajx l~ `|ha| `| `j lafkco `o kj~ ya|}`j |a}nhajx `qx}nha Njhnk
nj kj~ bkjja|# J` ya|}`j mkj ajxa| njx` kj~ onjkjmnkc x|kj}kmxn`j k} m`j}nha|kxn`j o`| `|
nj k}}`mnkxn`j wnxf xfa km{qn}nxn`j `| m|akxn`j `| x|kj}oa| `o k |ngfx x` km{qn|a kj~ k}}ax`qx}nha Njhnk l~ kj~ ya|}`j*
OABK ya|bnx} hakcnjg nj o`|angj amfkjga xf|`qgf kqxf`|nuah ya|}`j o`| mq||ajx kmm`qjx
x|kj}kmxn`j* Kj~ ya|}`j bk~ }acc `| h|kw o`|angj amfkjga x` `| o|`b kj kqxf`|nuah ya|}`jo`| mkynxkc kmm`qjx x|kj}kmxn`j ya|bnxxah l~ \LN nj m`j}qcxkxn`j wnxf \LN*
8/8/2019 Suggested Question Answers of Finance
25/29
?7* Wfkx h` ~`q bakj l~ }xa|ncnukxn`j y`cnm~ 0
Kj}* Wfaj \LN njxa|vaja} nj xfa o`|angj amfkjga bk|dax xf|`qgf yq|mfk}a} `o o`|angj
amfkjga}# nx njeamx} cn{qnhnx~ njx` xfa }~}xab xf|`qgf m`||a}y`jhnjg }accnjg `o h`ba}xnmmq||ajm~* M`jva|}ac~ wfaj nx }acc} o`|angj amfkjga xfa h`ba}xnm cn{qnhnx~ n} kl}`|lah o|`b
xfa }~}xab* Jaqx|kcnunjg yk|x `| wf`ca `o xfa b`jaxk|~ nbykmx `o o`|angj njoc`w} k|a dj`wj
k} }xa|ncnukxn j y|`ma}}* M`jmayxqkcc~ }xa|ncnukxn`j y|`ma}} njv`cva} hamn}n j `o \LN x`njxa|vaja l~ }ql}xnxqxnjg o`|angj mq||ajm~ wnxf h`ba}xnm mq||ajm~ nj mk}a `o ama}} mkynxkc
njoc`w kjh hamn}n`j x` njxa|vaja oq|xfa| nj xfa b`ja~ `| l`jh bk|dax x` }ql}xnxqxa h`ba}xnm
mq||ajm~ }` |acak}ah `qx `o xfa njxa|vajxn`j `o o`|angj amfkjga bk|dax wnxf l`jh `| `xfa|acngnlca ykya|}*
Wfkx h` ~`q bakj l~ bk|dax }xklncnukxn`j }mfaba0
Kj}* Xfa G`va|jbajx mkj n}}qa X|ak}q|~ lncc} `| hkxah }amq|nxna} qjha| B]] o`| kl}`|lnjg
cn{qnhnx~ o|`b xfa }~}xab* Xfa X|ak}q|~ lncc} `| hkxah }amq|nxna} qjha| B]] k|a fkva kcc xfakxx|nlqxa} `o an}xnjg X lncc} kjh hkxah }amq|nxna}* Xfa G`va|jbajx nj m`j}qcxkxn`j wnxf \LN
wncc on kj kjjqkc kgg|agkxa mancnjg o`| X lncc} `| hkxah }amq|nxna} qjha| B]]*B]] k|a n}}qah
l~ xfa kqmxn`j} x` la m`jhqmxah l~ \LN* Xfa kb`qjx} wncc la fach nj k }ayk|kxa nhajxnonklca
mk}f kmm`qjx xnxcah B]] kmm`qjx x` la bknjxknjah `ya|kxah l~ \LN* Xfa X lncc} kjh hkxah}amq|nxna} n}}qah o`| B]] w`qch la bkxmfah l~ kj a{qnvkcajx kb`qjx `o mk}f lkckjma fach
l~ xfa G`va|jbajx wnxf \LN* K} k |a}qcx xfa|a n} va|~ bk|gnjkc nbykmx `j bk|dax njxa|a}x*
Wfkx h` ~`q bakj l~ fach x` bkxq|nx~0
Kj}* Xfa }amq|nxna} km{qn|ah l~ xfa lkjd} wnxf xfa njxajxn`j x` f`ch xfab xncc xfa bkxq|nx~
ya|n`h wncc la mck}}nonah k} fach x` bkxq|nx~* Xfa njva}xbajx} njmcqhah qjha| fach x` bkxq|nx~
}f`qch j`x amaah
8/8/2019 Suggested Question Answers of Finance
26/29
MK2 M/& ;$F.
Wfa|a MK2 M`cckxa|kc Kheq}xah
Xfa vkcqa `o F wncc hayajh `j xfa vkcqa `o m`cckxa|kc* Nx vk|na} o|`b 9! &mk}f.# 8! &}`va|angj}amq|nxna}.# ;1! &g`ch. kjh =9! &acngnlca m`|y`|kxa }amq|nxna}.*
Avy`}q|a Kx Haokqcx &AKH. 5 Ay`}q|a kx haokqcx n} xfa bknbqb kb`qjx xfkx k lkjd mkj c``}a
nj xfa avajx `o k haokqcx*Avyamxah C`}} &AC. 5 Ayamxah c`}} n} xfa kb`qjx xfkx k lkjd mkj ayamx x` c`}a `j kva|kga nj xfa
avajx `o k haokqcx* Ayamxah c`}} n} xfa y|`hqmx `o y|`lklncnx~ `o haokqcx* c`}} gnvaj haokqcx#
ay`}q|a kx haokqcx *AC2 YH CGH AKH
Qjavyamxah C`}} &QC. 5 Qjayamxah c`}}/ qjkjxnmnykxah c`}} n} m`byqxah l~ }qlx|kmxnjg ayamxah
c`}} o|`b kmxqkc c`}}*
QC2 Kmxqkc c`}}Ayamxah c`}}
7;* Wfkx n} okmx`|njg0
Kj}* Xfa k||kjgabajx nj wfnmf |amanvklca} m|akxah `qx `o }kca} `o g``h} `| }a|vnma} k|a }`ch x` kj
kgajm~# n} mkccah okmx`|njg* Xfa okmx`| ya|o`|b} xfa oqjmxn`j} `o }qmf k} yq|mfk}a `o |amanvklca}#bk|njkxnjg xfa }kca} `| |amanvklca} cahga|} # }qlbnxxnjg }kca} kmm`qjx x` m|ahnx`|} # m`ccamxn`j `o
halx `j hqa hkxa}# koxa| m`ccamxn`j x` |axq|j xfa |a}a|va b`ja~ x xfa }acca| kjh y|`vnham`j}qcxkjm~ }a|vnma} x` xfa mq}x`ba|} nj |a}yamx `o bk|daxnjg# onjkjma y|`hqmxn`j*
7
8/8/2019 Suggested Question Answers of Finance
27/29
aa|mn}njg y|a}}q|a `j xfa ja|va `o halx`|} xfkx |kn}a} c`x} `o hn}yqxa o|`b xfa b`|kc kjh
axfnmkc ya|}yamxnva}*
78* Wfkx h` ~`q bakj l~ m|ahnx }m`|njg b`hac 0Kj}* Lkjdnjg ]amx`| fk} x` q}a m|ahnx }m`|njg b`hac o|`b ;>>6 `jwk|h}* K} nx n} k
dj`wj okmx xfkx y|avajxn`j n} kcwk~} laxxa| xfkj mq|a# lkjd} k|a q}njg m|ahnx }m`|njg
b`hac} x` |ahqma xfa y|`lklncnx~ `o yncnjg qy `o lkh halx `| j`j ya|o`|bnjg k}}ax}*Q}qkcc~ k} k m`bb`j xfqbl |qca# x`xkc |n}d okmah l~ k lkjd mkj la ham`by`}ah njx` xf|aa
hnooa|ajx mkxag`|na}" m|ahnx |n}d ?=!# `ya|kxn`j |n}d
8/8/2019 Suggested Question Answers of Finance
28/29
U : > "]koa U`ja
;*6 3 U 3 > "G|a~ U`ja
U 3 ;*69 "Hn}x|a}} U`ja
71* Wfkx n} xfa hnooa|ajma laxwaaj f~y`xfamkxn`j ycahga0
Kj}* F~y`xfamkxn`j n} kj a{qnxklca mfk|ga wfa|a xfa l`||`wa| daay} xfa y`}}a}}n`j `oxfa }amq|nx~ `j lafkco `o xfa m|ahnx`|* No xfa l`||`wa| oknc} x` |axq|j xfa khvkjma kgknj}x
xfa f~y`xfamkxn`j `o xfa }amq|nxna}# xfa lkjd mkj xkda xfa y`}}a}}n`j `o xfa }amq|nxna}# xfa
lkjd mkj xkda xfa y`}}a}}n`j `o xfa }amq|nxna} wnxf xfa m`j}ajx `o xfa l`||`wa| kjhlam`ba} k ycahgaa*
Ycahga n} lkncbajx `| hacnva|~ `o g``h} k} }amq|nx~ o`| yk~bajx `o k halx `| ya|o`|bkjma
`o k y|`bn}a* Ycahgaa bk~ |axknj xfa g``h} qjxnc xfa yk~bajx `o halx `| ya|o`|bkjma `o
xfa y|`bn}a n} oqconccah* Ycahgaa mkj }acc xfa g``h} l~ gnvnjg k hqa j`xnma x` ycahga| njmk}a ycahga| oknc} x` bkda xfa yk~bajx `o halx*
76* Wfkx n} Lajmfbk|d Y|nba Cajhnjg \kxa 0
Kj}*5 Nj k b`va x njm|ak}a x|kj}yk|ajm~ nj m|ahnx y|nmnjg# xfa \a}a|va Lkjd `o Njhnk fk}
}xnyqckxah lkjd} x` bng|kxa x` lk}a |kxa }~}xab o`| haxa|bnjnjg cajhnjg |kxa} o|`b xfa
mq||ajx lajmfbk|d y|nba cajhnjg |kxa &LYC\. }~}xab o|`b Ky|nc ;*LYC\# xfa |kxa kxwfnmf lkjd} cajh x` y|nba l`||`wa|}# wk} ak|cna| o`|bqckxah x` la xfa lk}a |kxa*
fa b`va n} ayamxah x` |ahqma xfa y|`y`|xn`j `o }ql"YC\ c`kj}* K} `o ]ayxabla| #
xfa }fk|a `o }ql"LYC\ cajhnjg x` x`xkc c`kj} }x``h kx 79*8 ya| majx# mcak|c~ }qgga}xnjgxfkx xfa YC\ |kxa n} j` c`jga| |acavkjx k} k |aoa|ajma |kxa* Xfa b`va x` hn}m`jxnjqa LYC\mkba nj xfa cngfx `o y|ahkx`|~ y|nmnjg h`ja l~ lkjd} x` gknj bk|dax }fk|a &a}yamnkcc~ xfa
xak}a| c`kj} x` f`q}njg }amx`|.* Xfa \LN'} w`|dnjg m`bbnxxaa fkh w`|dah `qx nccq}x|kxnva
lk}a |kxa x` la 6*11 ya| majx# wfnmf n} fngfa| xfkj xfa mq||ajx f`ba c`kj |kxa} `o 6 ya|majx* Kcc jaw c`kj} kjh `ch c`kj} xfkx m`ba o`| |ajawkc k|a ayamxah x` la y|nmah wnxf
|aoa|ajma x` xfa lk}a |kxa* Wfnca xfa nbycnmkxn`j} `o xfn} b`va k|a qjma|xknj# k} xfa lkjd}
k|a gnvaj o|aa fkjh `j hamnhnjg xfa lk}a |kxa# bk|gnj y|a}}q|a} k|a ayamxah k} lkjd}w`qch la qjklca x` cajh lac`w }ql"lk}a |kxa m`qycah wnxf xfa okmx xfkx xfa |kxa} mfk|gah
o`| `xfa| l`||`wa|}' }qmf k} ]BA cajhnjg kg|nmqcxq|a kjh |axknc cajhnjg w`qch }aa k
hamcnja k} k |a}qcx `o xfn} b`va*
Nj xfa lkjdnjg }ykma# yqlcnm }amx`| lkjd} kjh lkjd} wnxf fngf y|`y`|xn`j `o c`w"m`}xhay`}nx} bk~ la ca}} kooamxah k} xfa~ fkva c`w m`}x `o oqjh} &kj nby`|xkjx njyqx nj
haxa|bnjnjg xfa lk}a
8/8/2019 Suggested Question Answers of Finance
29/29
7>* Wfkx n} xak}a| \kxa 0
Kj}* Kj kheq}xklca"|kxa b`|xgkga c`kj nj wfnmf xfa l`||`wa| yk~} k va|~ c`w
njnxnkc njxa|a}x |kxa# wfnmf njm|ak}a} koxa| k oaw ~ak|}* Xak}a| c`kj} x|~ x` ajxnma l`||`wa|}l~ `ooa|njg kj k|xnonmnkcc~ c`w |kxa kjh }bkcc h`wj yk~bajx}# mcknbnjg xfkx l`||`wa|}
}f`qch la klca x` |aonjkjma lao`|a xfa njm|ak}a} `mmq|*
Xak}a| c`kj} k|a m`j}nha|ah kj k}yamx `o }ql y|nba cajhnjg# k} xfa~ k|a q}qkcc~ `ooa|ah x`c`w"njm`ba f`ba lq~a|}* Qjo`|xqjkxac~# wfaj xfa}a l`||`wa|} x|~ x` |aonjkjma xfa c`kj
lao`|a xfa |kxa njm|ak}a}# b`}x wncc j`x {qkcno~ o`| }xkjhk|h b`|xgkga}* Xfn} cakva}
l`||`wa|} wnxf njm|ak}ah b`jxfc~ yk~bajx}# wfnmf bkj~ mkjj`x koo`|h* Xfn} baxf`h `o
c`kjnjg n} m`j}nha|ah |n}d~# k} haokqcx |kxa} k|a fngf*
69* Wfkx n} kj @yaj Bk|dax @ya|kxn`j 0
Kj}* @oxaj \LN lq~} kjh }acc} xfan| }amq|nxna} x` M`bba|mnkc lkjd nj xfan| `wj njnxnkxnva*
Hq|njg xfa njockxn`jk|~ xnba# \LN }acc} xfan| }amq|nxna} x` M`bba|mnkc lkjd} k} k |a}qcxm|ahnx m|akxnjg mkykmnx~ `o xfa m`bba|mnkc lkjd} g` h`wj* Nj |ama}}n`j xnba# \LN lq~}
xfa }amq|nxna} o|`b m`bba|mnkc lkjd} x` ajfkjma xfa cn{qnhnx~ nj xfa bk|dax*