-
6% of
all idps in iraq
GovernorATe of oriGin
MosT coMMon shelTer Type
Camps 9%
unfinished/Abandonedbuildings 0,01%
Rentedhousing 86%
Top prioriTy needs
29,994 IDP FAMILIES
30,000 SYRIAN REFUGEE INDIVIDUALS
SulAYMANIYAH GOvERNORATE PROFIlEMAY 2015
inTenTions
40% OF ALL IDPS ARE UNDER 14
WAves of displAceMenT
1. Iraq - CCCM Camps status report, 28 April 2015. Camp sites
nased on REACH report: IDP and refugee camp locations as of 28
April 20152.All information, unless otherwise specified, in this
report is from IOM’s Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) from 28
April 2015 and from field reports of the Rapid Assessment and
Response Teams. For more information on the DTM, visit:
http://iomiraq.net/dtm-page3. This graph represents identified IDP
families.
overvieW2
179,964 IDP INDIVIDUALS
99%
90%
9%
Access to work
1
NFIs
2
displAceMenT over TiMe3
877 IDP families3%
813 IDP families3%
Food
3
Shelter
5
IDP camps
total population: 17,500 individuals1
planned: 16,800 individuals
1
GovernorATe of oriGin
99%99%
GovernorATe of oriGinGovernorATe of oriGin
32%
2%5%
29%
0%
11%
21%
Anbar Babylon Baghdad DiyalaKirkuk Ninewa Salah al Din
22%
13%
33%
32%
Pre June 14 14-AugJune July 14 Post September14
2,580 IDP families9%
1,747 IDP families6%i
14,185 IDP families47%
553 IDP families2%
8,205 IDP families27%
65 IDP familiesalmost 0%
308 IDP families1%
661 IDP families2% of IDPs in Suly
813 IDP families3%
2,036 3,338 4,067
13,355 14,707
16,199 16,828
21,353 20,943
26,129 26,637 28,032
29,994
Other(Kerosene)
4
52%20%
89%71%
85%100%
53%100%
81%89%
79%
48%80%
11%29%
15%0%
47%0%
18%8%
21%3%
ChamchamalDarbandikhan
DokanHalabja
KalarPshdar
RaniaSharbazher
SulaymaniyaIraq
Govt. Total
Return to place of origin Waiting on one or several
factorsLocally integrate in current location
-
Situated on the border with Iran, Sulaymani-ah is located in the
northeast of Iraq and has a total population of 1,893,617.4 Along
with Erbil and Dahuk, it composes the area admin-istrated by the
Kurdistan Regional Govern-ment (KRG).
Since the onset of violence in December 2013, Sulaymaniah saw
the arrival of new IDPs5 fleeing in the aftermath of three
se-curity incidents: the January Anbar Crisis, the June Mosul
Crisis and the August Sinjar offensive. Currently, the governorate
is a safe haven for almost 180,000 IDP individuals, in addition to
30,000 Syrian refugees.
Sulaymaniyah enjoys stable security, which was the main pull
factor for those who dis-placed there. However, an increasing
popu-lation has placed strain on the local economy, services and
local infrastructure, impeding the delivery of basic services and
stretching the economic capacity of the KRG to its lim-it.
Sulaymaniah was facing problems with regards to central budget
allocation that caused delays in salary payments. Notably, the
poverty rate in the KRI increased from 3.5 percent to 8.1 percent
since 2013. The influx of individuals and deteriorated security
situ-ation outside of the KRI resulted in the rise of housing costs
by 5,4 percent in Sulaymani-yah, electricity by 11% and the price
of fuel by 26,5 percent.6
From the onset of violence in December 2013 until June 2014,
Sulaymaniyah saw the arrival of almost 40,290 IDP individuals
forcibly displaced in the af-termath of Anbar crisis. An additional
59,796 IDP individuals were driven to Sulaymaniyah in June and July
as a result of the Mosul crisis. As the con-flict unfolded, a
number of security incidents fol-lowed by the Sinjar offensive in
August resulted in the increase of the IDP population residing in
Su-laymaniyah to almost 122,502 individuals, 33% of which fled from
Ninewa and 30% from Diyala due to generalized violence. At least
57,462 individuals fled after August.Currently, Sulaymaniyah hosts
6% of all 2014-2015 IDPs in the entire country, amounting to
179,964 IDP individuals. Regardless of the period in which they
were displaced, the majority of IDPs left their areas of origin due
to generalized violence and armed conflict. Notably, very few were
evicted from their properties or faced direct threats.
District of displacement
Governorate of Origin Total of IDP individuals
Anbar Babylon Baghdad Diyala Ninewa Salah al Din
Chamchamal 10374 462 936 306 1176 2226 15480
Dar-bandikhan
552 0 12 1560 0 1194 3318
Dokan 6306 504 384 276 1344 1668 10482
Halabja 2556 246 660 774 288 354 4878
Kalar 4038 24 1128 43296 12 732 49230
Penjwin 72 0 78 42 0 198 390
Pshdar 0 0 0 0 912 936 1848
Rania 1602 54 252 462 702 894 3966
Sharbazher 1800 498 6 858 1410 690 5262
Sulaymaniyah 30768 1266 5802 4194 14010 29064 85110
Grand Total 58068 3054 9258 51768 19854 37956 179964
In January clashes broke out in Ramadi after the Ira-qi army
stormed a protest camp suspected of shelter-ing insurgents. 80,047
fam-ilies displaced.
June 10, IS seized control of Mosul. Terrorists issued a
statement that Iraqi Chris-tians must ”convert, pay taxes, or be
killled”. 79,933 families displaced.
As IS continued persecuting Ninewa minorities, a vast population
of KurdishYazidis sought refuge in the nearby Sinjar mountain.
262,132 families displaced.
AnbAr crisis7 Mosul crisis The sinjAr offensive
sulAyMAniyAh
irAq
6,715 IDP families (40,290 individuals)
displaced, 77% of which came from
Anbar
9,966 IDP families displaced (59,796
individuals) displaced, 40% of which came from
Diyala
13,313 IDP families (79,878 individuals) displaced, 64% of which
from Diyala
and Salah al Din
WAves of displAceMenT in 2014
4 Figures don›t include IDPs and Syrian refugees population and
are based on Gol COSIT (2007)5. IDPs and returnees are generally
categorized in three different groups: those displaced prior to
2006 due to circumstances such asthe first and second Gulf Wars,
policies of the former regime, and environmental issues; those
displaced after the dramatic rise in sectarian conflict between
2008-2006; and those who were displaced in late 2013 until present
due to the armed group offensives that affected Iraq and Syria.6.
According to the World Bank Report, Iraq - Economic and social
impact assessment of the Syrian conflict and the ISIS crisis
(English), February, 20157. Ongoing displacement, IOM 2014
displAceMenT Trends
overvieW
PRE JuNE POST AuGuSTJuNE-JulY
20152014
1. IDPS PER DISTRICT BY GOvERNORATE OF ORIGIN
IOM IraqGovernorate profile: Sulaymaniyah, May 2015
2
-
Reportedly, Sulaymaniyah district hosted nearly half of the
displaced population in the governorate, with over 85,000 IDP
individuals while Kalar and Chamchamal districts held more than
64,710 IDP individuals (36%). The majority of those displaced
arrived from Anbar, more than half of which have settled in
Sulaymaniyah district. 83% of families who were driven from Diyala
were currently residing in Kalar, while the majority of IDPs
originating from Salah Al-Din were held by Sulaymaniyah district.
Notably, displacement in the governorate reached its peak in March
2015 with over 168,000 displaced individuals, reflecting
displacement peaks observed countrywide. Presumably, the Ramadi
crisis caused by military operations that broke out on 10th of
April 2015 and were still ongoing in May will significantly affect
aforementioned figures. As of 5th May, 6,504 individuals had been
driven to Sulaymaniyah from Ramadi, amounting to 5% of the total
population displaced during the latest events.8 In total, 54,306
IDP individuals have displaced to the governorate since the
be-ginning of 2015.
8. DTM updates on Anbar crisis as of 5th May9. uNHCR as of May
5.10. Monthly narrative report
In general, there was a prevailing trend indicat-ing that almost
70% of those assessed in Sulay-maniyah wanted to return regardless
the wave of displacement. 35% of IDPs who intend to return
originated in Diyala, while 30% displaced from Anbar and 21% from
Salah Al-Din. Most of the respondents who indicated desire to
return were accommodated in rented housing. These high figures for
IDPs who intend to return were in part due to the fact that many of
them don’t speak Kurdish, an official language of Iraqi Kurdistan,
therefore faced difficulties in terms of communication, employment
and daily life.10
18% of IDPs in the governorate were waiting on one or several
factors to determine their inten-tions. Presumably, their
hesitation reflects the deteriorated security situation in their
areas of origin and the hardships involved with the pros-pect of
local integration due to language and cultural barriers, as over
40% of those waiting were displaced from Anbar, while 25% were
dis-placed from Diyala, both Arabic speaking areas and of a
different ethnic background. The vast majority of those waiting
were renting houses.Only a few were staying in camps and aban-doned
buildings.
Notably, in comparison to other districts, Dar-bandikhan,
Chamchamal and Rania host a high ratio of IDPs from Anbar, Diyala,
Ninewa and Salah-Din. These district hosting IDPs from governorates
where violence is widespread, had a higher number of IDPs waiting
on sever-al factors. Most of them were staying in rent-ed housing,
however Chamchamal, Kalar and Sulaymaniyah districts held a few IDP
families living in unfinished/abandoned buildings with this
intention. Additionally, a very small number of IDPs staying in
camp in Sulaymaniyah were waiting.
Only a few families who displaced in June-July 2014 from Baghdad
and are currently residing in Sulaymaniyah district intend on
integrating in the area of displacement.
inTenTions
syriAn crisis9
Gender- AGe breAkdoWn
Notably, 40% of all IDPs assessed in Sulay-maniyah were under
14. Additionally, there were nearly as many men as there were women
among IDPs in the governorate.
2. Gender-age breakdown
IOM IraqGovernorate profile: Sulaymaniyah, May 2015
Sulaymaniyah governorate was also a safe ha-ven for a
significant number of Syrian refugees affected by the prevailing
crisis, the number of which reached 30,000 individuals as of May 5.
Reportedly, refugees were staying in multiple locations within the
governorate, as well as Ar-bat refugee camp and Arbat transit camp
that together held almost 6,000 registered Syrians.
3
3. Intentions by districts
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
18,000
0-5 6-14 15-24 25-59 60+
M F
52%
20%
89%
71%85%
100%
53%
100%
81%89%
79%
48%
80%
11%
29%15%
0%
47%
0%
18% 8% 21%
3%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Locally integrate in current locationWaiting on one or several
factorsReturn to place of origin
-
Shelter trends in Sulaymaniyah corresponded with those observed
in KRI in terms of the ratio of IDPs that were residing in camps
and rented houses. The KRI in general has a low rate of IDPs
accommodated with host families due to differ-ences between the
ethno-religious makeup of the host governorate and the displaced
population. KRI, in general has low number of IDPs accomo-dated by
host families, of which Sulaymaniyah had the lowest in the KRI. The
lack of common relatives in the Iraqi Kurdustan pushed most of the
IDPs to choose private housing, the number of which has been
growing dynamically since the onset of the latest violence with the
largest con-centration being in Sulaymaniyah (42%) and Kalar (31%)
districts. This, together with economic cri-ses originating from
the disagreement between Baghdad and KRG with regard to central
budget allocation, has soared renting prices. Moreover, social
disconnection of the displaced populations and their perceived
impact on daily costs of living, unemployment rates as well as
overloaded servic-es have reportedly resulted in tensions between
the host community and IDPs.
The governorate had very few families residing in religious and
abandoned buildings, as well as the lowest in KRI percentage of
those living in infor-mal settlement, which was almost 1,5%, while
in Dahuk it amounted to 7% and in Erbil to over 22%.
Additionally, all families living in camp or hosted by local
families were held by Sulaymaniah dis-trict, in addition to IDPs
accomodated by religious buildings and the vast majority of those
staying in hotels, as well as 70% residing in unkown shelter types.
More than half of all IDP families staying in school buildings were
living in Dokan district, while Chamchamal had the highest number
of IDPs in abandoned houses.
Due to various reasons such as social differences between IDPs
and the host communities, rented houses and camps saw the biggest
increase in population size in 2015, accounting for over 45,600 and
10,800 individuals, respectively. By the end of April, an
additional 10,800 individuals decided to rent hous-es. Most of them
settled in Kalar district. Since May 2014, IDPs in Sulaymaniyah
have been leaving crit-ical shelters to unknown destinations.
Meanwhile, the number of families residing in camps began growing
again in January 2015 as population displacing due to military
operations in their governorates continued to flee to the KRI.
Additionally, the number of IDPs staying in hotels in Sulaymaniyah
dropped by half and almost all families hosted by a local family
moved out by April.
shelTer MoveMenT over TiMe
shelTers
IOM IraqGovernorate profile: Sulaymaniyah, May 2015
5. Shelters over time
4. Shelters by districts
Girl carrying water in an IDP camp, Sulaymaniah
4
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
25912591
2380 4981658
813 8016 65
194
653808
1084125926
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Camp Rented housesHost Families School BuildingReligious
Building Unfinished Abandoned buildingInformal settlements Hotel
MotelOther shelter type Unknown shelter type
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
Camp Private housing Critical shelters
-
IOM IraqGovernorate profile: Sulaymaniyah, May 2015
Although the majority of those assessed felt safe in the areas
of their displacement, there were cases of IDPs in Sulaymaniyah and
Chamchamal districts feeling unsafe. Those IDPs resided in
religious buldings and rented houses. Due to social tensions
between IDPs and host community, security forces protect them to
provide the maximum level of safety.
6. Needs by districts
7. Needs by shelter types
11. Ongoing displacement, IOM, 2014
The majority of IDPs assessed by IOM in Su-laymaniyah reported
they were in dire need of access to work (23%), NFI (21%),
food(18,5%), other (18%) and shelter (7%). Need for housing was
surprisingly low in comparison to 19% Iraq wide and 16% in KRI.
These needs reflected the shelter status of IDPs in the
governorate, 80% of whom were renting a house.
Assessed families who were accommodated by a hotel, rented
housing, school buildings, and informal shelters considered access
to work as the top priority need, while those staying in camps,
religious and unfinished buildings, as well as other shelter types
indicated urgent need for NFIs.
Sanitation was among pressing needs in Psh-dar district due the
fact that it hosts the largest number of IDPs residing in abandoned
build-ings in the governorate. Additionally, 10% of families
currently residing in Pshdar needed education, which is presumably
related to the large populations held by informal settlements in
this governorate for whom education was among pressing needs.
Over 20% of IDPs assessed in all districts indi-cated need for
access to income that might be tracked back to the economic
difficulties faced by IDPs since the beginning of the conflict, as
the unemployment rate among IDPs in Sulay-maniyah reportedly
reached 68% as of April 2014. 11
prioriTy needs
In March IOM distributed NFIs to IDPs residing in Gully Shar,
Sulaymaniah.
5
20%
21%
20%
20%
16%
22%
17%
23%
19%
18%
9%
15%
5%
19%
6%
5%
13%
12%
6%
12%
22%
13%
18%
22%
19%
14%
5%
6%
10%
6%
12%
15%
10%
15%
7%
24%
15%
22%
24%
20%
16%
14%
20%
21%
21%
25%
25%
29%
23%
30%
30%
23%
22%
23%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Chamchamal
Darbandikhan
Dokan
Halabja
Kalar
Pshdar
Rania
Sharbazher
Sulaymaniya
Grand Total
Food Legal Help Sanitation HygieneOther Health EducationWater
Shelter Housing NFIAccess to Income
25% 25% 28% 24% 30% 28% 24% 22% 23%
10%20%
21%
20%21%
16%
21%
18%22%
19% 18%14%
24%
16%
22%24%
20%
16%
14%20%
21% 21%
13%6%
13%
20%13%
18% 21% 18%
10%
15%
5%
19%
6% 6%15%
11%16%
7%12%
Access to Work EducationFood HealthLegal Help NFIOther
Sanitation/ HygieneShelter/Housing Water
