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CHAPTER ONE New Amsterdam Becomes New York. SUMMER ONE 2012 BROOKLYN COLLEGE HISTORY 3480: HISTORY OF NYC SECTION T1E (0852) BRENDAN O’MALLEY, INSTRUCTOR [email protected]. Chapter One: New Amsterdam Becomes New York. EUROPEAN EXPANSION & THE “ATLANTIC WORLD” - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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SUMMER ONE 2012BROOKLYN COLLEGE
HISTORY 3480: HISTORY OF NYC
SECTION T1E (0852)BRENDAN O’MALLEY, [email protected]
CHAPTER ONE
New Amsterdam Becomes New York
EUROPEAN EXPANSION & THE “ATLANTIC WORLD”
GLOBAL COMPETITION 1500s – 1700s: Various European powers competing for global maritime supremacy
1500s: Spain & Portugal in the New World; Portugal in the Indian Ocean and Spain in the Philippines
1600s: Rise of Dutch, English, French Late 1600s: Intense commercial rivalry between England & Holland
1700s: Emergence of English and French: North America, Caribbean, Indian Ocean
Seven Years’ War (1756-1763): First global war. British emerge victorious as the world’s dominant maritime power.
Chapter One: New Amsterdam Becomes New York
THE DUTCH IN THE EARLY 1600sWHO WERE THEY? What kind of government did the Dutch have? What religion did they practice? What drove their desire for global commerce and trade?
Chapter One: New Amsterdam Becomes New York
THE DUTCH IN THE EARLY 1600sWHO WERE THEY? Fighting the “Eighty Years War” (1568-1648) for independence against Spanish Catholic Hapsburgs (the Dutch were Protestants).
Dutch Republic declared in 1588 (had formally broken away from Spain in 1581, although they still had to fight for formal recognition)
Dutch Republic recognized internationally with the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648 (other parts of the Lowlands, like Belgium, still under Hapsburg control).
Dutch East India Company (VOC) founded in 1602 Dutch West India Company founded in 1621 Colonizing part of Brazil from 1630 to 1654; ceded back to Portugal in 1661
Chapter One: New Amsterdam Becomes New York
Dutch Republic in the 1600s: “An Embarrassment of Riches” Rembrant Harmenszoon van Rijn (1606-1669), The Syndics of the Clothmaker's Guild (The Staalmeesters) (1662)
Chapter One: New Amsterdam Becomes New York
Chapter One: New Amsterdam Becomes New York
Directors - General of New Amsterdam
Cornelis Jacobszoon May (1624 – 1625) Willem Verhulst (1625 – 1626) Peter Minuit (1626 – 1632) Sebastiaen Jansen Krol (1632 – 1633) Wouter van Twiller (1633 – 1638) Willem Kieft (1638 – 1647) Petrus Stuyvesant (1647 – 1664)
Chapter One: New Amsterdam Becomes New YorkEarly New Amsterdam 1524 – Giovanni di Verrazzano sails into New York Bay but does not land, exploring for France
1526 – Portuguese explorer Esteban Gomez sailing for Spain also sails into the bay.
1609 – Englishman Henry Hudson sails into the bay for the Netherlands and trades with Indians; sails up the “North River” as far as Albany.
1614 – New Netherland Company founded, but fails to get a colony off the ground. Builds fort Castle Island in the Hudson near Albany as fur trading post, but abandoned after a few years due to flooding.
1621 – Dutch West India Company chartered 1624 – Settlers arrive in New York Bay. Settlement on Nut Island. 1625: New Amsterdam created on southern tip of Manhattan. 1629 – Patroon system created upstate, including Rensselaerwyck
Chapter One: New Amsterdam Becomes New York
Early New Amsterdam 1643-45 – Kieft’s War 1647 – Stuyvesant takes control 1649 – “Foot patrol” begins policing the city. 1652-1653 – Anglo-Dutch War 1653 – Asser Levy and twenty-three Jews arrive in New Amsterdam as refugees from Brazil
1657 – “Flushing Remonstrance” 1664 – Stuyvesant signs articles of surrender on September 8, with no shots fired.
