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About Us

At Supply Concepts, Our mission is to support the OEM, CM, and ODM markets

through well established, skilled, and diverse factory partnerships in Asia. We

deliver value-added services that enable companies to manage, improve, and add

profitability to their business. Additional project photos found on pages 31-33.

Several years ago, after 25+ years of supporting the world’s largest OEM’s and CM’s with

component supply chain management services of standard items, with an extremely well developed

global supply network and expertise, customers sought our increased help in solving additional

supply problems. These problems related to non-standard, sole source, cost sensitive or quality

affected products that were negatively impacting their production on a day to day basis. Knowing our

presence and success globally, these customers looked to us for new solutions and from that,

compelled Supply Concepts Inc to be established and tasked with addressing these needs.

Today, Supply Concepts offers a global supply chain network to its client base through the

establishment of a large number of strategic manufacturing alliances in the Far East which facilitate

Supply Concepts to effectively offer its full range of capabilities from low cost regions.

Supply Concepts seamlessly manages these programs through its NPI, Materials and Manufacturing

Engineering teams from product inception, design, prototype and the pre-production stage through

to the manufacture and product shipment of production quantities. Cost reductions, materials

management, component standardization and AVL management are all transparent elements of this

cycle, which Supply Concepts delivers as part of its global manufacturing and supply chain solutions.

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The customer gains the savings in unit cost, enhanced product supply capacity, mitigation of single

source liability issues and increased quality of product while also avoiding the many pitfalls and

issues of dealing direct with low cost regions by dealing with a single point of contact: Supply

Concepts.

Supporting an enviable list of market leaders, Supply Concepts’ alliance partners in China and other

low cost regions offer a full range of electronic manufacturing and supply capabilities such as PCB

manufacture, Metals and Plastics, Power Products, Enclosures, Cable and Wire Harness

Assemblies, Backplane Integration and many other items, whether simple or complex, either per

customer design or through collaboration with the Supply Concepts team to develop the needed

product

Supply Concepts has a state of the art mold/tooling fabrication shop which allows us to quickly go

from concept to mass production in weeks, not months. Our in house mold facility provides flexibility

to react quickly to changes in customer requirements, and our QA department ensures each part

meets specification.

Although over 80% of our business is in application specific products, we have designed our

manufacturing system to provide customers the ability to order these products, at prices competitive

with "off the shelf" products. This is accomplished through our "mass customization" approach in

response to customer requirements for a supplier who is capable of quickly providing application

specific designs at very competitive prices.

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Supply Concepts adds broad capabilities for custom connector applications, including:

Alternative solutions to

sole source connectors

Collaborative Engineering

Approach

Tool and Die Making

Molding / Overmolding

Contact Stamping

Automated Contact

Assembly

Alternative solutions to:

Tyco Molex

Amphenol

FCI JST ITT Augat

Elcon 3M Berquist

Burndy Cambion

Cambridge

Johnson Souriau

Winchester

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Injection Moulding & Plastic Part Manufacturing

With years of experience, Supply Concepts can assist you in the design and prototyping stage

through to tooling and manufacturing of plastic injection moulding parts in Asia. Our team will ensure

you receive all the information needed to make the right decisions about your injection moulding

requirements: material selection, colors, packaging and any other aspects.

Choosing the right type of plastic for the job is often critical. Supply Concepts can assist you based

on the knowledge and track record we have compiled through many years in the injection moulding

industry and in plastic part manufacturing. We process a wide selection of thermoplastic materials

including PVC, Nylon, Polycarbonate, Noryl, Styrene, Polystyrene, Polypropylene & Acrylic. Injection

moulding parts can range from 3 grams to 10,000 grams. Plants incorporate use of robotic assisted

part picking, drying and packing to minimize overhead and deliver the lowest possible part cost.

When choosing injection moulding suppliers, you can be confident that Supply Concepts will provide

the best ratio of cost and quality with our Asia manufacturing operations.

Plastic Component and Tooling Design

Equipped with the latest CAD software, our injection moulding design team will work from your

drawing and design the mould to produce the product exactly as you have specified.

By having in house mould designers, toolmakers and mould shop, we have a closed loop evaluation

process that enables us to deliver results quickly, accurately and competitively.

We assist with material selection and component design to optimise manufacturing. Supply

Concepts will work closely with your project manager as part of your design team and as a strategic

sourcing partner. We perform flow process simulation to optimise part concept and tooling design.

Gate design analysis, filling, packing, runner balancing and cooling are all optimised. Prototypes are

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made to validate designs and sample production runs are performed as part of the testing stage to

evaluate the final tooling and part designs.

There are many benefits in building your plastic injection moulding tool and parts in Asia. We offer

you a wide range of types of steel for tooling including German, Swedish and American grades for

particular cores to achieve the desired results. Tools can be made for both short and long life spans,

depending on the product to be moulded, the quantity to be produced and the cost analysis

associated with the project.

Quality

All of our facilities are ISO certified. We manufacture products that comply with, or exceed, the

specifications supplied by our customers. Supply Concepts perpetually reviews manufacturing

processes/procedures and provides ongoing team training to ensure we meet our quality objectives

and maximize customer satisfaction.

Abbreviations for Rubber types

EPR - ethylene propylene rubber

SBR - styrene butadiene rubber

EPDM - ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber

SAN - styrene acrylonitrile copolymer

SI - silicone

SMC - thermoset polyester sheet Moulding compound

TPE - thermoplastic elastomer

TPO - thermoplastic olefin

TPU - thermoplastic urethane

UF - urea formaldehyde

Abbreviations for Common Polymers

Polymers are commonly referred to by both their names and abbreviations. Commercial polymers

are also frequently referred to by the trade names of their manufacturer.

Polymers are commonly referred to by both their names and abbreviations. Commercial polymers

are also frequently referred to by the trade names of their manufacturer.

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ABS - acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene terpolymer

BMC - thermoset polyester bulk Moulding compound

EVA - ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer

LCP - liquid crystal polymer

PA - polyamide, commonly called nylon

PAN - polyacrylonitrile

PAS - polyarylsulfone

PBD - polybutadine

PBT - polybuylene terephthalate

PC - polycarbonate

PE - polyethylene see also:

HDPE - high density PE

LDPE - low density PE

LLDPE - linear low density PE

VLDPE - very low density PE

HMW-HDPE - high molecular weight HDPE

UHMWPE – ultra high-molecular-weight polyethylene

PEEK - polyetheretherketone

PEK - polyetherketone

PEI - polyetherimide

PES - polyethersulfone

PET - polyethylene terephthalate

PET-G - glycol modified PET

PI - polyisoprene

PS-b-PI - polystyrene/polyisoprene block copolymer

PI - polyimide

PK - polyketone

PMMA - polymethyl methacrylate, commonly called acrylic

PMP – polymethylpentene

POM - polyoxymethylene, commonly called acetal

PP - polypropylene

PPA - polyphthalamide

PPO/PPE - polyphenylene oxide, polyphenylene ether

PPS - polyphenylene sulfide

PS - polystyrene

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EPS - expanded polystyrene

HIPS - high impact polystyrene

PSO,PSU - polysulfone

PTFE - polytetrefluoroethylene

PU,PUR - polyurethane

PVA - polyvinyl alcohol (sometimes used for polyvinyl acetate)

PVAc - polyvinyl acetate

PVC - polyvinylchloride, commonly refered to as vinyl

PVOH - alternate abbreviation for polyvinyl alcohol

List of Plastic Processes

Gas Assist Injection Moulding GAIM

This process utilizes high pressure nitrogen gas to produce hollow injection moulded components

resulting in lower weight, shorter cycles and reduced visual sinking. Variants of this process include

“external gas moulding” and “internal gas moulding”. These processes allow more design freedom

and flexibility. It also allows discreet coring out of a thick product, thicker ribbing and can also

eliminate sink marks.

Water Assist Injection Moulding WAIM

This process is used in the manufacture of complex hollow items leaving a relatively uniform wall

section. Water is used to displace polymer melt and provide the packing pressure during the cooling

phase of the cycle. Typical examples; manifolds, elbows and water pipes.The suggested advantages

of WAIM over GAIM are:

-Thinner residual wall thickness (RWT) - lower material usage.

-Higher cooling rate - particularly where water is circulated.

-Improved internal surface finish.

This process has been most popular in automotive components that are typically thick sectioned. For

example: conduits that convey fluids around an engine and car door handles would utilize this

process.

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Metal injection moulding MIM

MIM is an advanced manufacturing process for forming small, complex, high-precision and high

performance metal parts. It is a development of the traditional powder metallurgy (PM) process and

has several key advantages. In the PM process, parts with undercuts or projections at right angles to

the pressing direction cannot normally be directly made. The MIM process substantially removes this

limitation.

Co-Injection Moulding, 2 Component Moulding, Multi-Component Moulding

This process is similar to injection molding but with multiple extruders to produce a single component

from two 2 or more different parent materials or colors. Typical applications are soft over-moulding to

produce seals or ergonomic soft-touch handles. Examples are: screwdrivers, soft-grip handles, cup-

holders and toothbrushes.

Thin Wall Injection Moulding TWIM

Thin wall moulding is defined as a wall thickness of less than 0.025 in (0.62 mm) or a flow length to

wall thickness ratio of greater than 200. When compared to standard injection moulding, high melt

flow materials are used (30-60 MFI) along with accumulator assist injection and higher injection

speeds/pressures. Stack moulds are common.

Micro Moulding

Recent advances in miniature moulding technology have seen major growth in the area of micro

moulding for electronics and medical applications.

Thermoplastic Injection Moulding

Thermoplastic Injection moulding is the most widely used of all plastic processing methods. Injection

moulding offers the lowest piece prices available, but tooling prices are generally the highest. The

injection moulding machine reduces pelletized raw material into a hot liquid. This "melt" is forced into

a cooled mould under tremendous pressure. After the material solidifies, the mould is opened and a

finished part is ejected.

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Thermoset injection Moulding

Thermoset injection moulding is similar to thermo-plastic injection moulding except that uncured

thermoset resins are mixed, injected, and held in a heated mould until cured. As with thermoplastic

moulding, the price per piece can be low, but the tooling prices are generally higher.

Blow Moulding

This method is typically used to create hollow parts; jars, bottles, containers, etc. Part prices for this

style of plastic and rubber services are generally higher than injection moulded parts, but, lower than

rotationally moulded parts. Tooling costs are moderate.

Rotational Moulding

Rotational moulding uses hollow moulds filled with powdered resin. Low tooling costs and higher

piece prices are typical of this process.

Compression Moulding

Compression moulding services use a slug of hard media pressed between the two halves of a

heated mould. After being formed, the part is air-cooled. Both tooling and piece part prices are

moderate.

Thermoforming Plastic Moulding

Thermoforming plastic moulding uses sheets of pre-extruded rigid plastic as the feed material.

These are heated horizontally and sucked down into hollow one-piece tools.

In-Mould Labelling IMD

(Also referred to as In-mould decorating) Mainly used in injection moulding. Robotically placed

individual pre-printed decorative labels are loaded during each machine cycle into the mould tool. To

assist adhesion during the closing and material flow stages, the label and tool is electrostatic

charged.

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Plastic Welding

Plastic welding – various plastic welding processes are employed depending upon part geometry,

size and polymer used. Ultrasonic welding, hot-plate welding, vibration welding, laser welding and

spin welding can all be used.

Structural Foam Moulding

Structural foam moulding is a term commonly used to describe components made by the injection

moulding process that have a cellular core in which the outer surface is denser than the inner layers.

The core of the moulding is of a honeycomb nature and less dense than the outer surface. This can

also be referred to as microcellular injection moulding (MuCell). Applications include - Wine corks,

Energy absorbing foam, low weight products, impact absorbing pads.

Moisture Conditioning

Some plastics, including nylons, will absorb moisture from the atmosphere, which alters their

physical properties. Properties affected include brittleness and dimensional stability. Moisture

absorption can be as high as 2% of a products weight. A pigment is often applied during the

moisture conditioning process to identify treated parts.

Custom Cable Assemblies

Producing the highest quality Cable Assemblies, along with providing the best service possible has

always been key to our success. From simple point-to-point assemblies, to complex multi-

termination type assemblies, Supply Concepts has the experience necessary to satisfy all of your

custom cable prototyping and manufacturing requirements.

Your requirements are unique and you need a supplier that not only delivers a finished assembly,

but a manufacturing partner that offers you the unique services that your company requires. Whether

you have a loose concept or detailed work instructions, Supply Concepts works from your

documentation to create a Custom Cable Assembly Solution tailored to your requirement. With

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professionally trained personnel and the latest industry equipment, Supply Concepts delivers your

Custom Cable Assemblies on time, every time. From the simplest Cable Assemblies to the most

complex Wire Harnesses, Supply Concepts has the Service, Quality, and Price your company

needs. We have the means and resources to ensure high quality and low unit cost. Our capabilities

include:

Your requirements are unique and you need a supplier that not only delivers a finished assembly,

but a manufacturing partner that offers you the unique services that your company requires. Whether

you have a loose concept or detailed work instructions, Supply Concepts works from your

documentation to create a Custom Cable Assembly Solution tailored to your requirement. With

professionally trained personnel and the latest industry equipment, Supply Concepts delivers your

Custom Cable Assemblies on time, every time. From the simplest Cable Assemblies to the most

complex Wire Harnesses, Supply Concepts has the Service, Quality, and Price your company

needs. We have the means and resources to ensure high quality and low unit cost. Our capabilities

include:

Standard Cable Assemblies

In addition to Custom Cable Assemblies, Supply Concepts proudly offers Industry Standard Cable

Assemblies. From industry mainstays such as USB and VGA to the newest emerging standards,

Supply Concepts is your single source for all of your Cable Assembly needs. Contact Supply

Concepts today to discuss your Cable Assembly requirements.

Wire Harness Manufacturing

We provide wire harnesses for OEM customers in a wide range of industries-including; process

control, telecommunications, gaming, product dispensing, audio and video, computer, medical,

health-care, and automotive industry.

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Wire and Cable Prep

From stripping to cutting to preparation and assembly, we use the best machines available, with

SPC qualified operators.

Flat Ribbon

Flat cable connections are used in numerous wiring applications, from the computer industry for

board to board interfacing.

Additional ribbon cable production capabilities include wire, splicing, IDC terminations, .025 to .156

centreline spacing, plus many others. In addition to ribbon cables, we are also fully equipped for

processing other flat cable products: twisted flat cable, Flexible File Cable and printed wiring.

Flex Cable

Polymer Thick Film (PTF) Circuits

Double-Sided Flexible Printed Circuit Technology

Rigid-Flex and Multilayer Circuit Designs

Single and Double Sided Etched Copper FPC

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Coaxial

Medical

Moisture proofing to IP standards

Flexibility

Flex life

Lot traceability

Medical grade material options to include TPE,

Polyurethane, and Silicone

Cable appearance and cosmetics

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Resistance to sterilization methods

Elimination of triboelectric noise

EMI suppression

Wire Harness

We can use many different wire types and gauges from 2-30ga. We use high speed equipment to

cut, strip, terminate, and mark wire, and can customize just about any wire harness to your needs.

From the basic 2 circuit harness to a complex 100 circuit harnesses with multiple breakouts, we

have produced them all.

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Molded

PVC

Nylon

ESD Compounds

Polypropylene

Polyester

Polyurethan

Medical

Embedded Circuitry

Power

Custom power cords, heavy duty power cords, hospital grade power cords, locking power cords,

international power cords, almost any NEMA and IEC configurations, power cord adapters, OEM

replacement custom cords, Electrical, industrial, outdoor use, we make them all.

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Fiber Optic

Multimode and single mode bulk fiber

Simplex, duplex and multi-fiber

ST, SC, SMA, Biconic, FDDI, ESCON, Mini BNC

Pigtails, patch cords, hybrids

Multi fiber with pulling eyes

Patch panels

Manufacturing Highlights

Assemblies are made with all industry standard connectors

Patch cords are available in standard PC polish, ultra-polish or angled polish

All cables can be customized to fit any length and pulling-eyes are available

Single mode outside plant multi-fiber assemblies are also available

Assemblies can be packaged in individual plastic bags

All assemblies are 100% tested and manufactured in a controlled factory environment.

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USB

All types of USB cables and USB connectors are available: standard, mini and micro formats, type A

& type B in both male and female.

We can also produce custom USB leads with non-standard connectors or plugs for your specific

application. USB cables are also produced in the popular retractable style.

USB 2.0 to ide cable

USB extension cable

USB printer cable

USB data cable

USB to serial cable

Parallel to USB cable

USB midi cable

Firewire to USB cable

Psp USB cable

USB 2.0 cable

USB to parallel printer cable

lpod USB cable

Mini USB cable

USB to USB cable

USB to ide cable

USB ethernet cable

Internal USB cable

USB link cable

Long USB cable

USB 2 cable

USB data transfer cable

USB a b cable

USB bridge cable

USB extender cable

USB file transfer cable

USB cable 1.1

USB extension cable

USB cable splitter

USB to rca cable

Cell phone USB cable

Centronics USB cable

Scsi to USB cable

USB network cable

USB direct link cable

USB transfer cable

USB 2.0 extension

leee 1394 USB cable

USB camera cable

USB male type a cable

USB 2.0 printer cable

USB mini b cable

USB optical cable

USB to rs232 cable

USB cable adapter

Digital camera USB

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Instrumentation Cable

Multi-meter, cables

Instruments cables for Oscilloscopes, Spectrum analyzers, Signal generators

Laboratory equipment/Lab instrument cables

Double-Shielded GPIB Cable

GPIB interface for digital logic analyzers

Temperature measurement instruments cables

Infrared thermometers, Infrared cameras

Weighing Scales cables

Humidity measurement instrument cables

Gas detectors and Gas analyzers

Metrology equipment

Shielded GPIB Cables

GPIB Cable, Double-Shielded, Standard to Right-Angle

GPlB interface Instrument Cables - with Shielded Plug/Receptacles

Metrology GPIB cable

GPIB cable for HPIB equipment (Hewlett Packard Interface Bus)

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Custom Metal Fabrication

No matter what your metal fabrication needs are, Supply Concepts in Asia can offer the

right solution: from single part, or sub-assembly, to turnkey solutions for mechanical and electrical

assemblies. We have the technology, equipment, and the experience, to fabricate customized metal

products from aluminium, steel, zinc plated steel, stainless steel, brass and copper. Designs that

require CNC machining of surfaces or components can be accommodated. We can supply polished,

galvanized, zinc coated, painted, or powder coated finishes. Coupled with our accurate and reliable

metal fabricating equipment, we guarantee precision and consistency. You’ll be taking advantage of

the best metal fabrication Asia can produce.

We offer your company the benefit of our experience and assistance with the fabrication of existing

products, or the development of prototypes. We work closely to understand your needs and advise

the most cost effective solution for a given application. Below is a short list of our capabilities:

-Laser Cutting

-Metal Stamping

-Fastener Insertion

-CNC sheet metal punching and folding machines

-Metal pressing

-Toolmaking for metal stamping

-CNC Machining

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-MIG and TIG welding of aluminium, mild steel and stainless steel

-Anodizing, Powder Coating and Spray painting

-Materials including zinc alloy, copper, brass, titanium and steel

-Small, medium or high volume production runs

-Associated Assembly work, including electrical assembly

Prototype Fabrication

Supply Concepts can assist you in sheet metal work in Asia for prototype projects. We can either

manufacture samples to your specifications or design a sheet metal product for you. Evaluating

prototypes are crucial prior to mass manufacturing a product to ensure it meets specifications and

provides the opportunity to correct any errors that may be present. Taking advantage of our high

quality prototype manufacturing capability and Asia based facility assures the products supplied are

at the lowest possible cost.

Prototypes and Cost Savings in Asia

At prototype stage we can advise on improvements to reduce manufacturing time and cost. This

involves looking at nesting of parts on the sheet, material yield and manufacturing techniques. It is

worth noting that each manufacturing facility possesses its unique core strengths that deliver the

most cost efficient solution. We optimize product manufacturing requirements to match specific

facilities in Asia to achieve the best quality to price..

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CNC Machining & Milling

We are your ultimate one stop source in Asia for all your CNC machining needs. From single sample

to large production runs, CNC machining offers high accuracy and great flexibility. Utilizing the latest

Japanese and German machinery in low labor areas, we deliver high quality products at very

competitive pricing.

Supply Concepts specializes in CNC Machining of complex shaped parts, Rapid Sample

Development, Fabrication and Assembly of manufactured parts. By combining our in-house

expertise with services from suppliers in different fields such as plating, painting or brazing, we are

able to provide a complete solution to our customers. We coordinate capabilities in different fields

such as plating, brazing, painting, and powder coating to provide a complete solution to our

customers.

More on CNC

There are number of different parts that can be made using CNC equipment. We can breakdown

those in four categories: CNC Turning, CNC Milling, CNC Sheet Metal Stamping, CNC Bending. If

you need some guidance to complete the design or make an improvement of your component our

experienced staff can help with drawings, reverse engineering, material selection and tooling. We

help you choose the top CNC milling Asia can provide with the shortest lead-time and top quality.

CNC Turning produces parts by "turning" rod material while feeding a cutting tool into the spinning

product. In CNC turning the cutter can be fed into the rotating object at a variety of angles with many

tool shapes can being utilized. CNC turning provides an economical way to produce parts that are

commonly symmetrical measured from the axis of rotation. Shapes that can be made using CNC

turning include a variety of plain, taper, contour, fillet, and radius profiles including threaded

surfaces. Although many turned parts use a single axis of rotation, there can be multiple points to

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allow increased flexibility (e.g. crankshafts). CNC turning can be combined with CNC milling and

other processes to make more diverse shapes.

CNC Mlling is a cutting process in which material is removed from a block by a rotating tool. In CNC

milling the cutting tool is moved in all three dimensions to achieve the desired part. In CNC milling

the cutting tool usually rotates about an axis that is perpendicular to the table which holds the

material to be cut. A CNC milling machine looks somewhat like a drill press at first glance with a

cutting tool protruding down from a rotating spindle. A block of material is placed on a moving table

below the cutter. While the cutting tool turns, a computer controls the vertical (Z axis) motion of the

cutter and the horizontal (X and Y axis) motion of the block of material. The cutter is guided to move

through the material, removing portions to create shapes. Additionally, the material can be turned to

various orientations in the middle of the process, while cutting tools of various shapes can be used.

Material is usually removed by both the end and the side of the cutting tool.

CNC Milling has several advantages over other manufacturing processes. It is cost effective for short

runs. Complex shapes and high dimensional tolerances are possible. Smooth finishes can be

achieved. CNC milling can produce almost any 2D or 3D shape provided that the rotating cutting

tools can reach the material to be removed. Examples of CNC milled parts include engine

components, mould tooling, complex mechanisms, and enclosures.

CNC Sheet Metal Stamping dies are used to produce high precision metal components which are

identical in shape and size. The dimensional accuracy and stability achieved using precision CNC

metal stamping is very high and thus, quality made metal stamping dies are critical.

Metal stamping components are utilized everywhere, home electrical switches, computer casings,

cars, aircrafts, etc. are just some examples. A highly specialized branch of mechanical engineering,

metal stamping technology has grown considerably with the evolution of sophisticated machineries,

CAD and CAM.

Sheet metal stamping services: Modular stamping, Progressive die stamping, High-speed stamping,

deep draw stamping, Bore slide stamping, Transfer stamping.

CNC Bending is a process where sheet metal is bent to an angle using, typically a V shaped punch

or a die. The sheet is placed between the punch and die which presses down on the sheet. CNC

bending provides a low cost method to produce 3D shapes from 2D sheets.

CNC bending is a suitable technique for processing most ductile metals, and primarily for sheet

metal designs with one or more bends such as brackets, enclosures, cams, chassis, etc. There is

generally no special tooling required for CNC bending, with the exception of intricate designs and

special bends.

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Heat Sink Manufacturing in Asia

With so many complex requirements and heat sink design options, this can be a challenging task. At

Supply Concepts, thermal engineers understand the factors that impact heat sink specs & design:

system airflow, orientation, attachment methods, size, ambient conditions, budget, ect. As designers

and manufacturers of hundreds of heat sink solutions, Supply Concepts excels in solving thermal

design challenges. We can deliver a heat sink design, characterize its performance, fabricate,

prototypes, and deliver to meet production volumes. Manufacturing a heat sink in Asia is your cost

effective alternative.

About Heat Sinks

Heat Sinks sinks are devices that improve heat dissipation from a hot surface to cooler ambient

one. A heat sink does this by increasing the surface area that is in contact with cooling media.

Extruded Heat Sinks are relatively inexpensive; once a design is made the manufacturing process

is highly automated. Aluminium being the most common material used offers and inexpensive

thermal conductor material. Extruded heat sinks are used for most general applications. Depending

on the design, fin pitch, and base thickness, they can be low to high performers. The basic con is

they are limited in their dimensions being that they are based on an aluminium extrusion with a given

shape.

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Stamped Heat Sinks are made from a piece of metal being stamped out in a press. A tool is made

to the form of the heat sink; the metal is then moved through a stamping which creates the heat sink.

This is a highly automated process and once the heat sink design is complete and the prototypes

checked, the actual production is a relatively simple. Stamped heat sinks are generally used for low

power applications since they are typically low performance option.

Bonded Fin Heat Sinks are generally designed for large applications that require moderate

performance. Bonded fin heat sinks are made by bonding individual fins of metal to a base. The

bonding can be done by a thermal epoxy or by brazing. The main advantage to this type of heat sink

is it can be used for large applications, such as a DC-DC converter or battery charger. The main

drawback is that manufacturing process labor is intense, resulting in a higher cost for the bonded fin

assembly.

Folded Fin Heat Sinks are best performers if there is ducted air. The flow is directed through a duct

directly at the heat sink. Fin pitch can be optimized in the heat sink manufacturing process making it

a very high performer. Also, because the heat sink material is folded, there can be an increase in

surface area which heat can be dissipated. Fold fin heat sinks have high heat flux density. The

drawbacks to this type of heat sink are the cost including manufacturing and ducting necessary in

your system. In some cases, plastic can be used to create a folded fin heat sink.

Active Heat Sinks are those that have some kind of forced air mover on them. This might be a fan

or blower, most times being attached to the heat sink itself. The air movement provides air flow

which helps to cool down a semiconductor hot spot. Though Active Heat Sinks can be very efficient

they may not be the best solution long term. Fans are made up of moving parts can break, rendering

the heat sink less effective.

Forged Heat Sinks are done by compressing a metal, in most case aluminium or copper. Forged

heat sinks may be used in a wide variety of applications. They are medium performing heat sinks

that are generally inexpensive to make. Their only real limitation being they are somewhat limited in

design and air flow management.

Swaged Heat Sinks are made by a swaging manufacturing process, which is similar to the forging

process. The swaging process involves forming the metal to a die. Swaged heat sinks generally are

very good performers and ideal for high power applications. Swaged heat sinks tend to be bulky with

a limited ability to manage air flow.

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Single Fin Assembly Heat Sinks are versatile for all applications. Their performance can scale

from low to high. Some reasons why thermal engineers use Single Fin are because single fin heat

sinks are light weight and feature low profiles which enable them to be deployed in tight spaces.

Skived Heat Sinks are those that are produced using the skiving process. Fins are made by making

very fine cuts from block of metal, usually aluminium or copper. Skived heat sinks can be used in

many applications requiring medium to high performance. The skiving process produces heat sinks

with very high fin density, creating more surface area for heat dissipation. A drawback is the thick

base often seen in skived heat sinks. The Skived heat sink needs to be placed in a forced air flow to

be efficient, very much like Active Heat Sinks.

Integrated Heat Pipe Assemblies

Although heat pipes themselves do not actually dissipate significant amounts of heat, they do

effectively transfer heat without a large increase in temperature. This unique transfer capability

allows them to transport, or spread heat to a point remote from the heat generator. A variety of basic

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heat sink technologies benefit from integrating heat pipes which improve conduction paths, reduce

overall weight, and raise thermal performance without increasing volume. The availability of a wide

range of heat pipes sizes and power handling capabilities make them suitable for the integration in

different types of high performance applications. Due to the large variety and diverse nature of

customer requirements, most heat sinks using integrated heat pipes are developed specifically for

the application. Heat Pipe assemblies have been used to solve thermal problems in motor drives,

SMPS, transportation applications, desktop/notebook/computer servers and telecommunication.

Transformer Manufacturers - Power, Current, Electrical & Toroidal

Transformers made to specification are common item sourced via Supply Concepts from China. We

have a long standing relationship with number of Chinese transformer manufacturers specializing in:

- IE Type transformers

- Toroidal (toroid) transformers

- High Frequency transformers used in Switch Mode Power Supplies

- Chokes and inductors

When you need a Transformer manufacturer that offers 'value-add' service, which includes

manufacturing wiring harness, assembly of made transformers on to PCB or in to the enclosure and

doing some base wiring, We have close relationships with power transformer manufacturers, current

transformers manufacturers, electrical transformers manufacturers and several toroidal transformer

manufacturer facilities.

Below is a short summary of different types of transformers and there’s benefits.

EE and EI Transformers:

- A wide range of single or multiple voltages, currents or power

- Low idle losses

- Excellent heat dissipation

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ER, ETD and PQ Transformers:

- Provide an optimized ratio of volume to winding area and surface area

- Good heat dissipation.

- High power output

- Low idle losses

EFD, EP and EPC type of Transformers offer:

- Wide range of power rating.

- Excellent magnetic shielding

- Good heat dissipation.

- Low idle losses

POT and RM types of Transformers”

- Good magnetic shielding

- Small distributed capacitance

- Can be supplied gapped with tuner

- Well-suited for high Q inductors & tuned transformers.

Toroid / Toroidal Transformers:

- Can be made of any size

- Wide range of power output

- Low exterior magnetic field

-Wide range of input/output voltages available

- Low idle losses

Wire type Transformer:

- Wide range of power output

- Good heat dissipation

- Low idle losses

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High Standards Guaranteed

Supply Concepts International has a longstanding relationship with testing authorities in both

Australia and China. This ensures that all products supplied by manufacturers comply with current

electrical safety standards (AS/NZS) for a variety of applications. On behalf of its customers, PA

International has also worked with various testing authorities to assist customers in obtaining

electrical approvals of their products.

We’ll manage the relationship with each power transformer manufacturer, current transformer

manufacturer and the electrical transformer manufacturers performing transformer manufacturing in

China for you.

Points to consider when ordering Transformers:

Approvals:

Custom transformers can be designed to the applicable sections of other standards, such as: UL,

IEC, VDE, CSA, AS/NZS and others.

Insulation

Unless specified otherwise, transformers are made to meet Class B (130°C). However, we use four

UL approved insulation classes, which may be specified as required, up to class H (180C).

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Temperature Rise

Transformer temperature rise may be specified as required in given operating ambient. The basic

design guideline is 60°C. With a Class B (130°C) insulation system, this would allow operation in a

maximum 70°C ambient.

Inputs

Most common input voltage for transformers is 220VAC. We can design and manufacture

transformers with other voltage inputs including multy-voltage tapings.

Line Frequency

Standard transformers are designed to operate at 50 or 60 Hz. Grain oriented steel cores can be

used at frequencies up to 2 kHz. For higher frequencies we use such materials as ferrite, powdered

metal and other composites.

Power: Power requirements up to 25 kVA per phase (75 kVA for three phase transformers).

Outputs

The output loading of the transformer may be specified in either of two ways:

-AC (RMS) voltage and current (IAC) or power (VA) and duty cycle for each secondary output.

-DC load parameters. We can engineer the optimum transformer from your specific DC load data.

This data should include: DC voltage, current, rectifier type (full wave, full wave bridge, etc.) and

specification, capacitor type and value, regulator type and specifications, and special load

characteristics, including duty cycle. Please supply a simple schematic, if possible. With this

information, we will determine the optimum secondary AC specifications for each output.

Mounting

In addition to the standard potted center toroidal transformer and mounting disk with washers, we

can supply custom toroids with threaded inserts, bushings, or studs pressed into a potted center;

special molded bases; complete molded enclosures; printed circuit mount cases or custom sheet

metal brackets and enclosures.

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Leads

Leads may be specified as solid (stripped and/or tinned) or stranded (with special stranding ratios,

stripped and/or terminated). Insulation layers and type may be specified (Teflon, PVC, single,

double, etc.). Lengths of transformer leads are required.

Thermal Protection

Customer specified temperature and type: self-resetting switch or fuse. We use specially packaged

(for high mechanical stress) internationally approved devices in our transformers.

Electrostatic Screen

Customer specified. To reduce capacitive coupling, and/or create a physical barrier insert (known as

safety screen), between primary and secondary or between specified secondary’s windings of

transformer. Copper foil laminated between insulation provides 100% coverage.

Magnetic Shield

Toroidal transformers radiate about 1/10 the magnetic field of standard EI transformers, but to

further attenuate stray magnetic fields in very sensitive applications, such as in close proximity to a

CRT, an additional magnetic shield may be called for. Magnetic shields consist of multiple layers of

grain oriented silicon steel, or a high nickel content alloy, such as MU-Metal, Magnifier 79, etc..,

laminated between insulation; wrapped around circumference of transformer. Disks are also

available for use within potted assemblies.

Mechanical

Height and diameter of the electrical transformers made to suit, as long as the core cross section is

held constant.

Project Sample Photos:

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