Surface water monitoring in Latvia - macrozoobenthos Didzis Levans Natalja Grudule State agency "Latvian Environment, geology and meteorology agency (LEGMA)

Surface water Surface water monitoring monitoring in in Latvia - macrozoobenthosLatvia - macrozoobenthos

Didzis LevansDidzis Levans

Natalja GruduleNatalja Grudule

State agency "Latvian Environment, geology State agency "Latvian Environment, geology and meteorology agency (LEGMA)and meteorology agency (LEGMA)

Surface Surface water mwater monitoring onitoring programs programs of Latvia (of Latvia (LEGMALEGMA))

National surface water monitoring National surface water monitoring programprogram

ICP-Waters ICP-Waters andand ICP-IM program ICP-IM programs s

Data are sent to EIONET Data are sent to EIONET ((EUROWATERNETEUROWATERNET))

National surface water monitoring National surface water monitoring (LEGMA) (LEGMA)

Linked to the EU Water Framework Linked to the EU Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC)Directive (2000/60/EC)

Based on the “Law on Water Based on the “Law on Water management” designates four river basin management” designates four river basin districts (RBD) for Latvia:districts (RBD) for Latvia:

• VentaVenta River Basin DistrictRiver Basin District• LielupeLielupe River Basin District River Basin District• Gauja Gauja River Basin DistrictRiver Basin District• DaugavaDaugava River Basin District River Basin District

BackgroundBackground of the National surface of the National surface water monitoring program with water monitoring program with respect to macrozoobenthosrespect to macrozoobenthos

Sampling frequency - once a year Sampling frequency - once a year

Spring or autumn Spring or autumn

Total sampling sites – 245 (rivers and Total sampling sites – 245 (rivers and lakes)lakes)

Composition andComposition and abundance ofabundance of benthicbenthic macromacroinvertebrateinvertebrate faunafauna (species level) (species level)

River Basin River Basin DistrictsDistricts

Total number Total number of riversof rivers

Total number Total number of lakesof lakes

GaujaGauja 2424 88

DaugavaDaugava 4141 8787

LielupeLielupe 2828 66

VentaVenta 3434 1717

Total number of sampling sites for macrozoobenthos in 2007

Sampling methodsSampling methods

The methods are used for the rhitral and potamal The methods are used for the rhitral and potamal reaches of riversreaches of rivers

Macroinvertebrate samples are collected with Macroinvertebrate samples are collected with hand-net (frame size 25 x 25 cm; mesh size of 0.5 hand-net (frame size 25 x 25 cm; mesh size of 0.5 mm)mm)

In the selected stretches of rivers 10 individual In the selected stretches of rivers 10 individual macroinvertebrate samples by means of kick macroinvertebrate samples by means of kick sampling are takensampling are taken

Samples are fixed in etanol (70%) solutionSamples are fixed in etanol (70%) solution APHA (USA standard methods)APHA (USA standard methods)

tthe individual samples are taken according to the he individual samples are taken according to the occurrence of all biotopesoccurrence of all biotopes in small rivers in small rivers;;

If the rivers are deeper than 1 meter, the If the rivers are deeper than 1 meter, the samples are taken only in costal partssamples are taken only in costal parts

ICP-IM ICP-IM andand ICP-Waters program ICP-Waters programss

Physically chemical parameters,Physically chemical parameters, 12 12 times per yeartimes per year

Heavy metalsHeavy metals - 6 - 6 per yearper year

Biological quality elements - Biological quality elements - mamacroinvertebratescroinvertebrates - 2 - 2 per yearper year

ICP and IM monitoring stationsICP and IM monitoring stations1- Rucava; 2 – Amula,

3 – Zvirbuļi, 4 – Tērvete, 5 – L. Jugla, 6 – Taurene, 7 - Tūlija

ICP-Waters monitoring sitesICP-Waters monitoring sites

Five sampling points:Five sampling points:

Lielā JuglaLielā Jugla, 0,2 km upstream to Zaķi , 0,2 km upstream to Zaķi (Daugava River basin)(Daugava River basin)

TerveteTervete, upstream to Tervete (village) , upstream to Tervete (village) (Lielupe River Basin)(Lielupe River Basin)

Stream of ZvirbuļiStream of Zvirbuļi, Ķemeru Bog, , Ķemeru Bog, (Lielupe (Lielupe River Basin)River Basin)

AmulaAmula (mouth) (mouth) (Venta River Basin)(Venta River Basin) TulijaTulija 0,3 km upstream to Zosēni0,3 km upstream to Zosēni (Gauja River (Gauja River

Basin)Basin)

ObservationsObservations used for assessment used for assessment

StationStation Observations Observations programmeprogramme

Type of Type of observationsobservations

StartedStarted

(chem.)(chem.)

Stream Tūlija – Stream Tūlija – st. Zosēni st. Zosēni

ICP-WatersICP-Waters Water chemistryWater chemistry

MacroinvertebratesMacroinvertebrates19461946

River L. Jugla – River L. Jugla – st. Zaķi st. Zaķi



Stream Stream ZvirbuļiZvirbuļi



River Amula –River Amula –river mouth river mouth



River Tērvete–River Tērvete–river mouthriver mouth



The methods for ICP monitoringThe methods for ICP monitoring

For ICP Waters, qualitative samples For ICP Waters, qualitative samples of invertebrate fauna from streams of invertebrate fauna from streams or rivers are usedor rivers are used

Absence or presence of indicator Absence or presence of indicator species reflect the water species reflect the water qualityquality

The methods are the same as used The methods are the same as used for the Integrated monitoringfor the Integrated monitoring

Integrated monitoringIntegrated monitoring

There are only two There are only two sampling stations: sampling stations: Taurene and Taurene and RucavaRucava

The samples are The samples are collected twice a collected twice a year - in spring and year - in spring and autumnautumn

Composition andComposition and abundance ofabundance of benthicbenthic macromacroinvertebrateinvertebrate faunafauna (species level) (species level)

Additional oAdditional observationsbservations used for used for assessment within ICP-IM assessment within ICP-IM

StationStation Observations Observations programmeprogramme

Type of Type of observationsobservations

StartedStarted

RucavaRucava GAW/EMEPGAW/EMEP

ICP-IMICP-IMDepositions;Depositions;

Precipitation Precipitation chemistry;chemistry;

Soil, water Soil, water biologybiology

19851985

ZosēniZosēni GAW/EMEPGAW/EMEP

ICP-IMICP-IMDepositions;Depositions;

Precipitation Precipitation chemistry;chemistry;

Soil, waterSoil, water

biologybiology

19951995

The methods for Integrated The methods for Integrated MonitoringMonitoring

Macrozoobenthos samples are taken from hard Macrozoobenthos samples are taken from hard bottoms of rifflesbottoms of riffles

An adequate sampling site often covers a stream An adequate sampling site often covers a stream length of 10 times the width of the streamlength of 10 times the width of the stream

Samples are colleced using the kick-sampling Samples are colleced using the kick-sampling method using a hand-netmethod using a hand-net

Kick-sampling can be performed in waters with Kick-sampling can be performed in waters with velocities of 0.1 - 1 m/s and down to 1 m depthvelocities of 0.1 - 1 m/s and down to 1 m depth

The methods for Integrated The methods for Integrated MonitoringMonitoring

Sampling net (frame size 0.25 x 25 cm; a mesh Sampling net (frame size 0.25 x 25 cm; a mesh size of 0.5 mm)size of 0.5 mm)

Sample are transfered into 1 litre jars containing Sample are transfered into 1 litre jars containing 96 % ethanol solution96 % ethanol solution

In laboratory the specimens are identified mainly In laboratory the specimens are identified mainly to the species levelto the species level

Density (ind/mDensity (ind/m22) and biomass (g/m) and biomass (g/m22) are ) are estimated and also the Shannon-Wiener diversity estimated and also the Shannon-Wiener diversity index calculatedindex calculated

References how to identify References how to identify the species to family level:the species to family level:

1.1. 1 1 Edington J.M., Hildrew A.G. Edington J.M., Hildrew A.G. Caseless Caddis Larvae (Trichoptera)Caseless Caddis Larvae (Trichoptera).. A A Revised Key to the Caseless Caddis Larvae of the British Isles, with Notes on Revised Key to the Caseless Caddis Larvae of the British Isles, with Notes on their Ecology, 1995, 134pp.their Ecology, 1995, 134pp. SP 53. SP 53.

2.2. Macan T.T. Macan T.T. Gastropods.Gastropods. A Key to the British Fresh- and Brackish-Water A Key to the British Fresh- and Brackish-Water Gastropods, with Notes on their Ecology, Fourth edition, 1977 (reprinted 1994), Gastropods, with Notes on their Ecology, Fourth edition, 1977 (reprinted 1994), 46pp.46pp. SP 13. SP 13.

3.3. Savage Savage A.A. A.A. Larval CorixidaeLarval Corixidae, , 1999, 56pp.1999, 56pp. SP 57. SP 57. 4. Elliott J.M., Humpesch U.H., Macan4. Elliott J.M., Humpesch U.H., Macan T.T.T.T. Larval Mayflies (Ephemeroptera)Larval Mayflies (Ephemeroptera)

Larvae of the British Ephemeroptera: a Key with Ecological NotesLarvae of the British Ephemeroptera: a Key with Ecological Notes , , 1988, 145pp.1988, 145pp. SP 49.SP 49.

55.. Elliott Elliott J.M. J.M. Alderflies, Lacewings and Spongeflies.Alderflies, Lacewings and Spongeflies. British Freshwater British Freshwater Megaloptera and Neuroptera: a Key with Ecological Notes, 1996, 69pp.Megaloptera and Neuroptera: a Key with Ecological Notes, 1996, 69pp. SP 54. SP 54.

6. Cranston6. Cranston P.S.P.S. Orthocladiinae Larvae (Chironomidae).Orthocladiinae Larvae (Chironomidae). A Key to the Larvae A Key to the Larvae of the British Orthocladiinae (Chironomidae)of the British Orthocladiinae (Chironomidae) , , 1982, 152pp.1982, 152pp. SP 45. SP 45.

References how to identify References how to identify the species to family level:the species to family level:

7. 7. Mundy Mundy S.P. S.P. Bryozoans. Bryozoans. A Key to the British and European Freshwater A Key to the British and European Freshwater Bryozoans, 1980, 31pp.Bryozoans, 1980, 31pp. SP 41. SP 41.

8.8. Gledhill T., Sutcliffe D.W., Williams Gledhill T., Sutcliffe D.W., Williams W.D. W.D. Malacostracan Malacostracan Crustaceans.Crustaceans. British Freshwater Crustacea Malacostraca: a Key with British Freshwater Crustacea Malacostraca: a Key with Ecological Notes, 1993, 176pp.Ecological Notes, 1993, 176pp. SP 52. SP 52.

9. 9. Hynes Hynes H.B.N. H.B.N. StonefliesStoneflies. . A Key to the Adults and Nymphs of the A Key to the Adults and Nymphs of the British Stoneflies (Plecoptera), with Notes on their Ecology and British Stoneflies (Plecoptera), with Notes on their Ecology and Distribution, Third edition, 1977 (reprinted 1993), 92pp.Distribution, Third edition, 1977 (reprinted 1993), 92pp. SP 17. SP 17.

10. 10. Nilsson, A. (ed.) Nilsson, A. (ed.): : Aquatic Insects of North EuropeAquatic Insects of North Europe.. Vol. 1:Vol. 1: Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Heteroptera, Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Heteroptera, Megaloptera, Neuroptera, Coleoptera, Trichoptera and Lepidoptera. 1996. Megaloptera, Neuroptera, Coleoptera, Trichoptera and Lepidoptera. 1996. 274 pages. 274 pages. Vol. 2:Vol. 2: Odonata and Diptera. 1997. 440 pages. Odonata and Diptera. 1997. 440 pages.

11.11. Swedish Environmental Protection Agency Envinonmental Quality Swedish Environmental Protection Agency Envinonmental Quality Criteria, Lakes and Watercourses, Report 5050, 2000.Criteria, Lakes and Watercourses, Report 5050, 2000.

Quality assessmentQuality assessment

The following monitoring data isThe following monitoring data is usedused to to define parametric values of indicative define parametric values of indicative parameters that characterise chemicalparameters that characterise chemical elements elements of ecological status and biological element - of ecological status and biological element - Saprobity indexSaprobity index acc. to Sladecek. acc. to Sladecek.

National catalogue of indicator species of National catalogue of indicator species of feshwater saprobity established in 1995.feshwater saprobity established in 1995.

The Final reports of the project ''Transposition and The Final reports of the project ''Transposition and Implementation of the EU Water Framework Directive Implementation of the EU Water Framework Directive

in Latvia'' funded by the DEPA ( DANCEE)in Latvia'' funded by the DEPA ( DANCEE)

Classification and presentation of status ofClassification and presentation of status of waters (including proposal for surface wat waters (including proposal for surface water reference conditions and network )er reference conditions and network );;

http://http://wwwwww..vidmvidm..govgov.lv/.lv/engeng/projekti/es_vides_projekti/?/projekti/es_vides_projekti/?docdoc=3315=3315

Reference conditions in Latvia Reference conditions in Latvia riversrivers

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Surface water monitoring in Latvia - macrozoobenthos Didzis Levans Natalja Grudule State agency "Latvian Environment, geology and meteorology agency (LEGMA)