SURVEY ON MIGRATION AND HUMAN TRAFFICKING IN …ukraine.iom.int/sites/default/files/iom_regional_ct_survey_2019_eng_print.pdfSURVEY ON MIGRATION AND HUMAN TRAFFICKING IN UKRAINE, MOLDOVA,

SURVEY ON MIGRATION AND HUMAN TRAFFICKINGIN UKRAINE, MOLDOVA, BELARUS AND GEORGIA, 2019

Published under the Counter-Trafficking Programme of the International Organization for Migration (IOM) in Ukraine, with funding from the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

The study was conducted using

a national representative survey “Omnibus” in-home interviews methodology. The sample consisted of 2,000 respondents in Ukraine, 1,106 respondents in Moldova, 1,041 respondent in Belarus, 1,001 respondent in Georgia.

The sample represents the population older

than 18 y.o. (older than 16 y.o. in Ukraine) by sex, age, settlement size and region (non-government controlled areas in Ukraine, Moldova and Georgia are excluded).

In Ukraine, Moldova and Belarus the previous

surveys were conducted in 2006, 2008, 2011, 2015, 2017, in Georgia the 1st wave was conducted in 2019.

GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE STUDY

A survey on migration and human trafficking

in Ukraine, Moldova, Belarus and Georgia was conducted by Info Sapiens on request of the International Organization for Migration (IOM) Mission in Ukraine with financial support from the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs in June–August 2019.

3

THE ESTIMATED NUMBER OF PEOPLE WORKING ABROAD AT THE TIME OF THE SURVEY

ESTIMATED NUMBER OF PEOPLE WORKING ABROAD

ESTIMATED THE SHARE OF MIGRANTS WORKING UNOFFICIALLY, %

SHARE OF EXTENDED FAMILIES WITH LABOUR MIGRANTS

2006 2008 2011 2015 2017 2019

2006 2008 2011 2015 2017 2019

2006 2008 2011 2015 2017 2019

Thousands of people

Republic of Belarus

Georgia

Republic of Moldova

Ukraine

1,091

750

504 516

915

1,051

281 322259 449

541 542

140 145 141 120141

226

223

Georgia

Republic of Belarus

Ukraine

Republic of Moldova

34%

42%40%

45%42% 41%

10%

7% 6% 5%

8%

9%8%

8% 7% 6%

6%

10%11%

Georgia

Republic of Belarus

Ukraine

Republic of Moldova

34%

30%

34%

28%

21%

26%

23%

28%

37%

28%

41%

31%27%

40%

22%

28%30%

19%

23%

4

NUMBER OF POTENTIAL LABOUR MIGRANTS AMONG THE POPULATION (% OF THOSE WHO ALREADY HAVE FOUND OR PLAN TO FIND A JOB ABROAD IN THE NEAREST FUTURE AMONG GENERAL POPULATION OF EACH COUNTRY)

THE RATE OF POTENTIAL MIGRATION IS SIGNIFICANTLY HIGHER AMONG MEN THAN AMONG WOMEN IN ALL COUNTRIES.

2006 2008 2011 2015 2017 2019Georgia

Republic of Belarus

Ukraine

Republic of Moldova

19%20%

25% 25%28%

19%

7% 7% 8%

6%9%

16%

4% 4%5%

9%12% 14%

11%

5

DESIRED CATEGORIES OF JOBS ABROAD

Qualified work in your profession

Construction works

Domestic work (looking after children/elderly people,

cleaning)

Agricultural works

Hotel business (chambermaid,

receptionist)

Transport and communication

Low-skilled work at the factory/plant

Trade (salesman)

Restaurant/cafe (waitress, barman)

Any kind of work

2017 2019 2017 2019 2017 2019 2017 2019

2017 20192017 2019 2017 2019 2017 2019 2017 2019

2017 2019

39

%

20

%

27

%

32

%

26

%1

7%

2

4%

1

3%

1

3%

16

%

13

%

20

%

16

%

1

7%

2

0%

1

9%

17

%

20

%

3

0%

21

%

1

5%

8%

9%

14

%

6%

6%

7%

12

%

10

%

7

%

1

0%

13

%

7

%

6%

12

%

6

%

7

%

1

0%

7

%

3

%

10

%

11

%

10

%

1

1%

9%

1

1%

8%

5

%

10

%

1

3%

10

%

1

0%

1

7%

6

%

5

%

1

0%

13

%

6%

9

%

11

%

1

1%

5

%

9%

10

%

8

%

8%

7

%

1

0%

1

0%

7

%

GeorgiaRepublic of Belarus

UkraineRepublic of Moldova

6

DESIRED COUNTRIES FOR WORKING ABROAD

2019 2019 2019 2019

Poland

Germany

Russian Federation

USA

Montenegro

Italy

Israel

Spain

Great Britain

Sweden

GEORGIAREPUBLIC OF BELARUS

UKRAINEREPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA

Poland

USA

Italy

France

Canada

Spain

Russian Federation

Israel

Great Britain

Greece

Germany

Italy

Russian Federation

France

Great Britain

Spain

USA

Israel

Romania

Canada

Germany

Poland

Czech Republic

Italy

Canada

USA

Russian Federation

Great Britain

Spain

Israel

43%

33%

32%

18%

12%

8%

7%

7%

7%

6%

37%

33%

26%

22%

19%

11%

10%

10%

9%

9%

42%

28%

25%

19%

19%

12%

7%

7%

5%

3%

43%

35%

23%

19%

10%

9%

9%

8%

8%

8%

7

RANKING OF FACTORS THAT WOULD BE DETERMINANT FOR MAKING THE DECISION ON WORKING ABROAD

SALARY LEVEL

LEGALITY OF EMPLOYMENT

(all paperwork is done legally)

WORKING CONDITIONS

DETAILED INFORMATION ABOUT THE EMPLOYER

AREA OF EMPLOYMENT (house work, construction, manufacture or other)

LIVING CONDITIONS

HAVING PERSONAL CONNECTIONS (family, relatives, friends) in the destination country

POSSIBILITY OF ACQUIRING NEW SKILLS

PERIOD OF EMPLOYMENT

ABROAD

COUNTRY OF PROPOSED EMPLOYMENT

У порівнянні з жінками для чоловіків важливішими чинниками є заробітна плата та можливість опанування нових навичок. Натомість, для жінок більш важливими є законність працевлаштування та умови проживання.

10

9

8

7

6

5

43

2

1

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

32

1

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

GeorgiaRepublic of Belarus

UkraineRepublic of Moldova

8

READINESS TO ACCEPT RISKY OFFERS DURING WORKING ABROAD

TO WORK WITHOUT OFFICIAL EMPLOYMENT CONTRACT

TO WORK IN LOCKED PREMISES

(without a possibility to freely leave the working place)

TO WORK ON ILLEGAL MANUFACTURE

TO CROSS THE BORDER ILLEGALLY

TO HAND OVER THE PASSPORT TO EMPLOYER FOR THE TIME OF EMPLOYMENT

1

0%

3%

2

%

1

%

2

%

20

%

12

%

4%

4%

2

%

1

4%

1

%

3%

6

%

2

%

11

%

5

%

1

%



9

SHARE OF THE POPULATION READY TO AGREE FOR AT LEAST ONE RISKY OFFER DURING WORKING ABROAD THAT MAY LEAD TO A HUMAN TRAFFICKING SITUATION

2017 2019 2017 2019 2017 20192019

16% 19% 21%11% 25% 13%17%

In this study the definition of persons who are at risk of becoming the victims of human trafficking abroad (hereinafter — the vulnerable group) is linked not to migration intentions, but to potential acceptance (answering “yes” and “more yes than no”) of at least one of the following risky conditions of working abroad: if the person whom you trust offered you a high-paid job abroad in the sphere that suits you, would you agree:

To work without official employment contract? To work in a closed room (without the possibility to freely leave your working place)? To illegally cross the border? To work at the illegal production factory/plant (unregistered enterprise)? To hand your passport over to the employer for the whole period of your employment?

VULNERABLE GROUP IS MORE REPRESENTED AMONG MEN, PEOPLE

YOUNGER THAN 44 YEARS AND WITH SECONDARY

SPECIAL EDUCATION IN ALL COUNTRIES. IN UKRAINE

AND MOLDOVA, THE SHARE OF THE VULNERABLE GROUP IS HIGHER IN RURAL AREAS.



10

AWARENESS OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING

HAVE HEARD ABOUT HUMAN TRAFFICKING

UNDERSTANING OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING (AMONG THOSE HAVE HEARD ABOUT IT)

SEXUAL EXPLOITATION

KIDNAPPING WITH TRANSFER TO A THIRD PARTY WITH THE PURPOSE OF EXPLOITATION

PURCHASE AND SALE OF PEOPLE

PRESSURE TOWARD ORGAN DONATION

TRANSPORTATION OF A PERSON WITH THE PURPOSE OF COMPELLING HIM/HER TO BEG

UNHAMPERED PERSUASION OF VULNERABLE GROUPS TO MAKE MONEY FAST, FOLLOWED BY FORCING THEM TO WORK FOR NO OR LITTLE PAY

MIGRATION OF POPULATION

NONE OF THE ABOVE

75%85% 81% 86%

HARD TO SAY/REFUSED

8

6%

8

5%

78

%

5

3%

5

2%

47

%

9%

0%

1%

5

6%

50

%

45

%

43

%

3

9%

33

%

5

%

8

3%

81

%

80

%

78

%

7

1%

6

7%

16

%

1%

2%

77

%

77

%

59

%

5

5%

5

5%

5

0%

7

%

1%

1%





11

PERCEPTION OF PERSONAL RISK TO SUFFER FROM HUMAN TRAFFICKING (AMONG THOSE WHO HAVE HEARD ABOUT HUMAN TRAFFICKING)

IT WILL NEVER HAPPEN TO ME FOR SURE

THERE IS A LOW PROBABILITY THAT IT MAY HAPPEN TO ME

DIFFICULT TO ANSWER

THERE IS A HIGH PROBABILITY THAT IT MAY HAPPEN TO ME

14%

1%

23%

62% 5%1%

20%

74%

18%

9%

16%57%

16%

3%

25%56%



12

11,000

PREVALENCE OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING

2017 2019

Estimated number of people who suffered from trafficking situations during last 3 years

260,000 ACCORDING TO ESTIMATES OF THE INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION (IOM), MISSION IN UKRAINE, MORE THAN 260,000 UKRAINIANS SUFFERED FROM HUMAN TRAFFICKING SINCE 1991

2017 2019 2017 20192019

17,000

*

2,000 23,0009,000 49,00061,000



13

14

THE NATIONAL TOLL-FREE COUNTER-TRAFFICKING AND MIGRANT ADVICE HOTLINE

0 800 505 501(toll-free from all landline phones in Ukraine)

527(toll-free from all mobile phones in Ukraine)

WWW.STOPTRAFFICKING.ORG WWW.527.ORG.UA

Documents

SURVEY ON MIGRATION AND HUMAN TRAFFICKING IN …ukraine.iom.int/sites/default/files/iom_regional_ct_survey_2019_eng_print.pdfSURVEY ON MIGRATION AND HUMAN TRAFFICKING IN UKRAINE, MOLDOVA,