SURVEY - University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaignlibrary.isgs.illinois.edu/Pubs/pdfs/circulars/c453.pdf · Tests in the Illinois State Geological Survey pilot coke oven have shown

CIRCULAR 453 1970

Ab SURVEY , ILLINOIS 61801

. W. Jackman and R. J. Helfinstine

AB S TRAC T

Scarcity of low- and medium-volatile c o a l s and their high delivered c o s t s a t many s t e e l mills have made i t de- s i rable or imperative to cur ta i l the u s e of such c o a l s in the production of metallurgical coke. Yet i t i s des i rable tha t coke quali ty should not be af fec ted adverse ly and that coke- oven productivity should remain high.

Tes ts in the I l l inois State Geological Survey pilot coke oven have shown that preheating coa l b lends before charging them to the oven makes i t poss ib le to reduce the percentage of t h e s e s c a r c e c o a l s and a t the same time ob- t a in a high production of high-quality coke.

INTRODUCTION

The sca rc i ty and high delivered c o s t of low- and medium-volatile coa l s have made i t des i rable for coke producers to reduce the percentage of these c o a l s i n blends for making metallurgical coke. Tes ts made in the pilot coke oven a t the I l l inois Sta te Geological Survey determined the minimum percentage of these lower- vola t i le c o a l s tha t might be used in cer ta in b lends without ser ious detriment to coke s tabi l i ty .

Experimental coking s tud ies show a l s o that coke s tabi l i ty may be increased by preheating cer ta in of t h e s e coa l blends in which the amount of low-volatile const i tuent h a s been reduced material ly. Cokes of metallurgical quali ty have been produced in th is way from coal blends that otherwise would have given un- sa t i s fac tory cokes .

The coa l preheater, des igned and buil t by the I l l inois State Geological Sur- vey, h a s been descr ibed previously (Jackman and Helfinstine, 1968a).

2 I L L I N O I S STATE G E O L O G I C A L SURVEY C I R C U L A R 4 5 3

Acknowledgments

We wish to acknowledge the cooperation of coke producers in the Chicago, St. Louis and southern Indiana areas and coal producers of I l l inois who have fur- nished the coa l s used in the t e s t s for th i s study.

TESTING PROGRAM

Three se r i e s of blends have been studied in th i s investigation. The first se r i e s contained Il l inois No. 6 and medium-volatile coals ; the second se r i e s , Eastern Kentucky, I l l inois No. 6 and Pocahontas No. 3 coa l s ; and the third se r i e s , Eagle seam coal from West Virginia, Illinois No. 5 Coal, petroleum coke and Pocahontas No. 3 coal .

In a l l , 15 blends have been studied, each coked in the " a s received" condition, followed by other coking t e s t s made after preheating the blends. The e f fec t s of preheat on stabil i ty, other coke properties, and yie lds were noted.

In the f i rs t se r i e s , the amount of medium-volatile Pocahontas coal was reduced in four s t eps from 30 percent to 5 percent of the to ta l coal blend. In the second se r i e s , the low-volatile Pocahontas content was reduced in four s t eps from 25 t o 5 percent, and in the third se r i e s the amount of petroleum coke plus Poca- hontas coal was reduced in four s t e p s from a to ta l of 25 percent to 5 percent. (Petroleum coke i s an o i l refinery product that i s a poss ible subst i tu te for low- volati le coal , and th is se r i e s of t e s t s indicates how it might be utilized in blends of th i s type .)

Analyses of the coa l s used in blends are shown in table 1, and complete coking t e s t resul ts are shown in tabular form in the Appendix. In addition, coke

TABLE 1 - ANALYSES OF COALS AND PETROLEUM COKE USED IN TEST$

Illinois No. 6 9.6

Illinois No. 5 8 .O

Med.-Vol. Pocahontas 6.1

Low-Vol. Pocahontas (1) 4.4

Low-Vol . Pocahontas (2) 5.3

Eastern Kentucky 5.2

Eag 1 e 3.6

petroleum Coke 0.3

Moisture free I Maximurn Vola- tile Fixed matter carbon

(%I (%I

Free Gieseler

(dial div per min)

*Chemical analyses by the Analytical Chemistry Section of the Illinois State Geological Survey. Volatile matter, fixed carbon, ash and sulfur on dry coal basis.

P R E H E A T I N G C O A L B L E N D S

s tab i l i t i e s have been plotted and curves drawn (figures 1, 2 and 3) to i l lus t ra te graphically how coke strength in each se r i e s of b lends h a s been improved by preheating.

The experimental da ta presented in the t ab les and figures of th is publicatior are mostly the r e su l t s of s ingle coking t e s t s , and a s such, the i r absolute values must not be assumed to be exact ly reproducible. Duplicate t e s t s would probably show some minor variat ions in r e su l t s . We bel ieve , however, tha t the da ta pre- sen ted are suff ic ient ly precise to e s t ab l i sh the trends a s shown.

RESULTS OF TESTS

(A) Blends of I l l inois No. 6 and Medium-Volatile Coals

The in i t ia l blend i n the f i rs t s e r i e s of t e s t s contained 70 percent I l l inois No. 6 and 30 percent medium-volatile coa l s . The coke produced had a high s t a - b i l i ty index of 5 6 . 8 and a hardness index of 6 6 . 6 . Coke s iz ing and yie lds were normal, with the percentage of coke screenings (minus 1 inch) equal t o 5.3 per- c e n t of the weight of the total coke produced. To determine what e f f ec t preheating might have on the coking properties, t h i s coa l blend was coked again af ter preheating a t 450" F. No significant ef fec ts on the coking properties or on yie lds of the coke were noted. Dry-coal bulk densi ty w a s increased appreciably however, and coking time was reduced from 17 hours to 1 2 hours: 30 minutes. There was an indicated gain of 46 percent in coke-oven productivity.

----- ------ - --------

50 Sf ability line

P r e h e a t t e m p e r a t u r e (FO)

Fig. 1 - Effects of preheating blends of I l l inois No. 6 and medium-volatile coa l s .


Reducing the content of the medium-volatile const i tuent of th i s blend to 20 percent, with a corresponding inc rease i n I l l inois No. 6 to 80 percent, had very l i t t l e ef fec t on the coke produced except for a smal l i nc rease i n the yield of minus 1 inch screenings . Preheating th i s blend t o a maximum of 450" F l ikewise had no significant e f f ec t on coke properties.

Coking re su l t s from these two blends indicate tha t when the s tabi l i ty of coke made from a blend of t h e s e " a s received" c o a l s i s above 50, very l i t t l e if any improvement in coke strength or s i z ing c a n be expected by preheating the blend t o a s high a s 450" F.

Three addit ional b lends of these two c o a l s were then studied with the medium-volatile const i tuent reduced to 15, 10 and 5 percent respect ively . Stabi l i t ies of the cokes produced from the " a s received" c o a l s were 45.9, 35 .9 , and 33.6 respect ively , in each c a s e below 5 0, which for th is study i s considered a minimum strength index for sa t i s fac tory metallurgical coke .

When preheated, however, to 410" F, the f i rs t of t h e s e b lends , which contained 15 percent medium-volatile coa l , produced a coke with 50.5 stabil i ty. Coke from t h e second blend, containing 10 percent medium-volatile coa l , produced coke with 53.4 s tabi l i ty when preheated a t 3 00 " F and 5 1 .6 when preheated a t 45 0 " .

The f inal blend of c o a l s studied i n th i s s e r i e s contained only 5 percent medium-volatile coal . Preheating to 440" F caused the s tabi l i ty to be increased to 52.3.

These da ta indicate tha t a l l b lends of t h e s e I l l inois No. 6 and medium- vola t i le c o a l s i n which the medium-volatile const i tuent ranged from 15 to a s low a s 5 percent, when coked i n the " a s received" condit ion, produce cokes with s t ab i l i t i e s tha t are considered too low for metallurgical coke. However, by preheat ing these b lends to temperatures ranging from 300" to 450" F before coking, sa t i s fac tory cokes with s tabi l i ty indices over 50 could be produced i n a l l c a s e s .

I t h a s a l s o been shown that e a c h of these b lends containing 15 percent or l e s s of medium-volatile coa l produced a significantly lower yield of minus 1 inch coke screenings when the b lends were preheated. The g rea te s t reduction in coke screenings occurred with the blend containing only 5 percent of medium-volatile coal .

Graphs showing the ef fec ts of preheating on coke s tabi l i ty i n t h e s e t e s t s are shown in figure 1 , and complete coking data for the entire se r i e s are shown i n t ab les A and B of the Appendix.

(B) Blends of Eastern Kentucky, I l l inois No. 6 and Low-Volatile Pocahontas Coals

The f i r s t blend in the second s e r i e s of t e s t s included 35 percent of a high- vola t i le bituminous A rank coa l from Eastern Kentucky, 40 percent of I l l inois No, 6 Coal, and 25 percent of low-volatile Pocahontas coa l . This blend was coked i n the " a s received" condit ion i n s ix t een hours , Coke s tabi l i ty was 5 5 .5 , a high value, which could probably not be improved by preheating.

When the amount of Pocahontas coa l i n th i s blend was reduced to 20 percent, with a corresponding inc rease to 40 percent i n the Eastern Kentucky coal , the coke made from the " a s received" c o a l s had a s tabi l i ty of 52.3 . Preheating a t 35 0 " F had no ef fec t on coke s tabi l i ty , but further preheat a t 450" F caused th i s index t o inc rease s l ight ly to 53.9


rn b-

o o

f g 45 40% E Ky. , 40% 111.6, 20% Poca. --- 42$ 'lo E. Ky., 42i oh 111. 6, 15% Poca.

," E 4 0 c

u 0 0 5 0

L

rn a, ----- O: 45 5 = 2 2 rn .< 4 0 -0 n 45% E. K y . , 45%III . 6, l o% Poca ' ,D --- ? r n

47; O/O E. Ky . , 47~0/o~11. 6, 5% Poca. m 35

A s rec'd. 250 3 0 0 350 4 0 0 450

Preheat t e m p e r a t u r e (FO)

Fig. 2 - Effects of preheat ing b lends of Eas te rn Kentucky, I l l ino i s No. 6 , and Pocahontas (1) c o a l s .

The amount of Pocahontas coa l in th i s se r i e s of blends was reduced further to 15 percent. Coke produced from the " a s received" blend had a s tabi l i ty of 50.5; th is was increased to between 53 and 54 by preheating the blend to a range of temperatures from 250 " to 440" F. Although the original s tabi l i ty index of 5 0.5 probably warranted the u s e of th is coke a s b las t furnace fuel , i t i s of in teres t to note that th is index could be increased t o a higher value by preheat.

Reducing the Pocahontas content s t i l l further to 10 percent had an appreciable ef fect on the s tabi l i ty of coke made from the " a s received" coa l s , causing i t to drop to 43 - 7 . Preheating th is blend increased the coke stabil i ty to a maximum of 51 - 4 , a n appreciable increase and one which would probably make th is coke satisfactory for metallurgical u s e ,

For a final t e s t the Pocahontas content of th i s blend was reduced to 5 percent , and the blend was coked a s before. Coke with a low s tabi l i ty of 36.8 was produced from the " a s received" mixture. Preheating th i s blend t o progressively higher temperatures caused coke s tabi l i ty to increase to a maximum of 47.1 with 450 " preheat. While th i s value i s not up to the limit of 5 0 s e t for th is study, i t does represent a n increase of more than 10 in the stabil i ty index with preheating.

In th is se r i e s of coking t e s t s , the percentage of coke screenings (minus 1 inch) was reduced in each c a s e when the coal blend was preheated. Coking time was reduced consis tent ly , and coke-oven productivity increased a s expected. The effects of preheating on coke stabil i ty in th is se r i e s are shown graphically in figure 2 , and complete coking data are shown in tables C and D of the Appendix.

I L L I N O I S STATE G E O L O G I C A L SURVEY C I R C U L A R 4 5 3

(C) Blends of Eagle, I l l inois No. 5 , Petroleum Coke and Pocahontas

In the third s e r i e s o f coking t e s t s , the low-volati le cons t i t uen t s i n the b lends cons i s t ed of petroleum coke and Pocahontas coa l . Petroleum coke content w a s kept cons t an t a t 10 percent throughout the s e r i e s unt i l t he f ina l blend where i t w a s reduced t o 5 percent . Pocahontas content w a s dec reased by 5 percent in- c rements from 15 percent to zero. Eagle and Il l inois No. 5 c o a l s were present i n equa l percentages i n a l l b lends and were inc reased a s the other cons t i tuents were dec reased .

The f i r s t blend coked i n th i s s e r i e s contained 37.5 percent of Eagle, 37.5 percent of I l l inois No. 5 Coal, 10 percent of petroleum coke and 15 percent of Pocahontas. A coke with 54.6 s tabi l i ty was produced from the " a s rece ived" c o a l s . Preheating th i s blend t o 450" F before coking reduced the coking time from 16 hours : 30 minutes t o 12 hours but had very l i t t l e e f f e c t o n the originally high coke s tabi l i ty . Other coke physica l propert ies were unaffected except for a reduction in the per- cen tage of la rge coke produced and a smal l i nc rease in coke screenings .

Reduction of t he Pocahontas content of t h i s blend to 10 percent resulted in a coke with a s tabi l i ty of 51.4 from the " a s rece ived" mixture. Preheating the blend t o 260 " F had no e f f e c t o n coke s tabi l i ty , but subsequent preheating t o 36 0 " F c a u s e d a strong coke with 55.2 s t ab i l i t y to be produced. Coking time

- 8

/

50 Stability l ine

- - 3 7 i % Eagle, 37i 0/0~11.5, 10% Pet. coke, 15% Poco. -- 4 0 %Eagle, 40°/0111.5, 10°/oPet.coke, 10% Poca.

w 0 0 5 0 ? :'Ln

:g 45 - - - 5 3 - 3 h t

ln .- 0 .= 4o C 13

--- ClJ D

42~0/o~agle ,42$0/o~ l l .5 , 10% Pet.coke, 5 % Poca. --- 4 5 % Eagle, 4 5 % I l l . 5, IO%Pet. coke - ----- 473%Eagle, 47~0/0111.5, 5 % Pet. c o k e

I I I I I I

As recld. 250 30 0 350 4 0 0 450 Preheat t e m p e r a t u r e ( F O )

Fig. 3 - Effects of preheating blends of Eagle, I l l inois No. 5, Pocahontas (2) coa l s , and petroleum coke.

P R E H E A T I N G C O A L B L E N . D S 7

w a s reduced from 1 5 hours to 1 2 hours: 40 minutes, and coke-oven productivity increased nearly 23 percent. This blend w a s not preheated to a temperature higher than 360" F.

Further reduction of the Pocahontas content to 5 percent, leaving a to ta l of 15 percent low-volatile const i tuents in the blend, caused the s tabi l i ty of coke from the " a s received" c o a l s t o drop to 45.9. Preheating th i s blend to a maximum of 350" F caused the coke s tabi l i ty to inc rease to 52.1. Minus 1 inch screenings remained practically constant .

In the next blend in th i s se r i e s , Pocahontas coa l was el iminated entirely, leaving 10 percent of petroleum coke a s the only low-volatile ingredient. Stabil i ty of the coke made from this blend of the " a s received" c o a l s w a s 40.7. Preheating to 450" F before coking caused th i s s tabi l i ty to inc rease to 47 .1 , a n inc rease not great enough to qualify th i s coke a s a good b l a s t furnace fuel . Minus 1 inch screenings were decreased, however, from 6.3 to 4.9 percent of the to ta l coke produced.

The final blend, i n which the petroleum coke content w a s reduced to 5 per- cen t , produced coke similar to tha t produced by the preceding blend. Preheating to 450" F caused coke s tabi l i ty to inc rease from 39.6 to 48.0. Minus 1 inch screenings were dec reased from 5.9 t o 5 . 0 percent of the to ta l coke.

Coke s t ab i l i t i e s obtained in th is se r i e s of t e s t s are plotted in figure 3, and complete coking da ta are shown in t ab les E and F of the Appendix.

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

In th is s tudy t e s t s in the pilot coke oven showed the extent to which amounts of low-volatile const i tuents of three se r i e s of c o a l blends might be reduced without caus ing the s tabi l i ty index t o fa l l below 50, which i s assumed i n t h e s e t e s t s to be a minimum for sa t i s fac tory metallurgical coke.

In addit ional t e s t s , coke strength was reduced further by greater reductions of the low-volatile const i tuents of these c o a l b lends . I t w a s found that after reducing the percentage of low-volatile coal , t he s tabi l i ty of the coke tha t could b e produced w a s often increased material ly by f i rs t ~ r e h e a t i n g ~ t h e coa l b lends t o temperatures ranging from 250" to 450 " F. Cokes which had a tumbler s tabi l i ty of 50 or more without preheating the c o a l could not usual ly b e strengthened appreciably by th is procedure. However, cokes having s t ab i l i t i e s lower than 50 were consis tent ly made stronger by preheating the coa l and of ten developed a sa t i s fac tory s tabi l i ty index of 50 or higher. I t i s indicated, therefore, tha t c o a l and coke c o s t s might be reduced by incorporating l e s s than the normal percentage of low- volati le c o a l into a coa l blend while increas ing coke-oven capaci ty and maintaining sa t i s fac tory coke s tabi l i ty by preheating the blend before coking.

I t was a l s o found tha t preheating coa l usual ly reduced the percentage of minus 1 inch coke screenings produced when the c o a l was coked. Coke s iz ing was not otherwise affected appreciably. Other ef fec ts , such a s reduced coking time and greater coke-oven productivity, have been reported i n previous publi- ca t ions (Jackman and Helfinstine, 1968a, 1968b, and 1970) and are not d i s c u s s e d in de ta i l here. However, a l l such coking da ta from these t e s t s are shown i n t ab les A through F of the Appendix.


REFERENCES

Jackman, H. W., and R. J. Helfinstine, l 968a , Drying and preheating coa l s before coking - Part 1. Individual coa l s : I l l inois Geol. Survey Circ. 423, 26 p , , and Blast Furnace and Steel Plant, v. 57 , no. 2, p. 119-123, 1969.

Jackman, H. W. , and R. J. Helfinstine, 196833, Drying and preheating coa l s before coking - Part 2 . Coal blends: I l l inois Geol. Survey Circ. 43 4, 2 1 p.

Jackman, H e W., and R. J. Helfinstine, 1970, Hea t drying c o a l s a t moderate temperatures before coking: I l l inois Geol. Survey Circ. 449, 18 p.


APPENDIX

Tables A through F of th i s sec t ion present the com- ple te pilot-plant coking re su l t s for e a c h of the coa l blends s tudied. Data include coking time, dry-coal bulk densi - t i e s , coke physical properties, coke y ie lds , expansion pres- su res , moisture in " a s received" and predried coa l blends, and the ef fec t of predrying on the productivity of the coke oven.

1 0 I L L I N O I S STATE G E O L O G I C A L SURVEY C I R C U L A R 4 5 3

TABLE A - RESULTS OF COKING TESTS ON BLENDS OF ILLINOIS NO. 6 AND MEDIUM-VOLATILE POCAHONTAS COALS

I I

Condition of coal

70% Ill. 6 30% Pled.-Vol. Poca.

80% Ill. 6 85% Ill . 6 20% Ned.-Val. Poca. 151. Pled.-Vol. Poca.

As r ec ' d .

Coking time (hr:min) 17 :00

Run number

Bulk dens i ty ( l b dry coa l per cu f t )

Preheat 450'

Coke physical p r o p e r t i e s Tumbler t e s t

S t a b i l i t y 56.8 Hardness 66.6

S h a t t e r t e s t +2" +I%" +I"

As r ec ' d .

1224 E 1205 E

Sizing (%) +3 " 3" x 2" 2" x 1" minus 1"

1225 E 1227 E

Coal blend I

Preheat 350"

1208 E

Apparent g r a v i t y 0.79

1210 E 1209 I3

Coke y i e l d s (% of d ry coa l ) To ta l (dry) 71.7 Furnace (+I") (dry) 67.9 Screenings (dry) 3.8

Preheat 450'

1223 E 1229 E

Expansion p res su re ( l b p e r sq in . ) 0.35

% moisture i n coa l a s charged* 8.2

As r ec ' d .

Coke oven capac i ty Coal charges per oven124 h r 1.41 Lb furnace coke pe r cu f t / 2 4 h r 41.8 % i nc rease i n furnace coke (compared with coa l "as received") -

*Minus va lues i n d i c a t e weight l o s s on preheat ing g r e a t e r than ASTM moisture values .

Preheat 250"

Preheat 410'


TABLE B - RESULTS OF COKING TESTS (CONT.) ON BLENDS OF ILLINOIS NO. 6 AND E!.EDIUM-VOMTILE POCtWOPI'ThS COALS

Coking time ( h r :min)

Bulk d e n s i t y ( l b dry coa l pe r cu f t )

Coke phys i ca l p r o p e r t i e s Tumbler t e s t

S t a b i l i t y Hardness

S h a t t e r t e s t '2" +I& '1 +I "

Siz ing (%) +3 " 3" x 2" 2" x 1" minus 1"

Apparent g r a v i t y

Coke y i e l d s (% of dry coa l ) To ta l (dry) Furnace (+I") (dry) Screenings (dry)

Expansion p re s su re ( l b pe r sq in . )

% moisture i n coa l a s charge#

Coke oven capac i ty Coal charges pe r oven/24 h r Lb furnace coke pe r cu f t / 2 4 h r % i nc rea se i n fu rnace coke (compared wi th c o a l "as received")

I Coal blend -- - - --

90% Ill. 6 I 95XT.11. 6 10% Med.-Vol. Poca. 5% Pled.-Vol. Poca.

- -- -- -

Condi t ion of coa l

A s r ec ' d . Preheat Preheat Preheat As r e c ' d . Preheat Preheat 300' 350" 450" 330" 440'

I Run number

29.2 32.5 41.0 - 40.3 52.4

*Minus va lues i n d i c a t e weight l o s s on p rehea t ing g r e a t e r t han ASTM moisture va lues .

1 2 I L L I N O I S S T A T E G E O L O G I C A L S U R V E Y C I R C U L A R 4 5 3

TABLE c - RESULTS OF COKING TESTS ON BLENDS OF EASTERN KENTUCKY, ILLINOIS NO. 6, AND LOW-VOLATILE POCAHONTAS (1) COALS

I I I I I Coal blend I

Coking time (hr:min)

35% E. Ky. 40% Ill. 6 25% Poca. (1)

Bulk dens i t y ( l b dry coal per cu f t )

Coke physical p rope r t i e s Tumbler t e s t


40% E. Ky. 40% Ill. 6 20% Poca. (1)

Sha t t e r t e s t +2 " +I$" +I"

42YL E. Ky. 42%% 111. 6 15% Poca. (1)

Condition of coal

Siz ing (%) +3 " 3" x 2" 2" x 1" minus 1"

As r ec ' d .

Apparent g r av i ty

Coke y i e ld s (% of dry coal) Total (dry) Furnace (+I") (dry) Screenings (dry)

As r ec ' d .

Expansion pressure ( l b per sq i n . )

Run number

% moisture i n coal a s charged*

Preheat 350"

Coke oven capaci ty Coal charges per oven/24 h r

1252 E

Lb furnace coke pe r cu f t / 2 4 h r 45.5 % increase i n furnace coke (compared with coal "as received") -

1259 E

- -

*Minus values i nd i ca t e weight l o s s on preheat ing g r e a t e r than ASTM moisture values .

Preheat 450'

1260 E

Preheat 250'

As r ec ' d .

1251 E 1347 E

Preheat 350°

1267 E 1348 E

Preheat 440'

1256 E


TABLE D - RESULTS OF COKING TESTS (CONT.) ON BLENDS OF EASTERN KENTUCKY, ILLINOIS NO. 6, AND LOW-VOLATILE POCAHONTAS (1) COALS

Coking time ( h r :min)

Bulk dens i ty ( l b dry coa l pe r cu f t )

Coke physical p rope r t i e s Tumbler t e s t


Sha t t e r t e s t +2 " +I$" +I"

Sizing (%) +3 " 3" x 2'' 2" x 1 l '

minus 1"


Coke y i e l d s (% of dry coal) To ta l (dry) Furnace (+I") (dry) Screenings (dry)

Expansion p res su re ( l b per sq in.)

% moisture i n coal a s charged*

Coke oven capac i ty Coal charges p e r oven124 h r Lb furnace coke p e r cu f t / 2 4 h r % i nc rease i n furnace coke (compared with coa l "as received")

Coal blend

45% E. Ky. 45% Ill. 6 10% Poca. (1)

I Condition of coa l

*Minus values i n d i c a t e weight l o s s on preheat ing g r e a t e r than ASTM moisture values .

47% E. Ky. 47?5% Ill. 6 5% Poca. (1)

Run number

Preheat 350'

1264 E

Preheat 450"

As r ec ' d . As r ec ' d .

1263 E

Preheat 250"

Preheat 350°

Preheat 250°

Preheat 450'

1258 E 1262 E 1265 E 1261 E 1257 E 1266 E

I L L I N O I S STATE G E O L O G I C A L SURVEY CIRCULAR 4 5 3

TABLE E - RESULTS OF COKING TESTS ON BLENDS OF EAGLE, ILLINOIS NO. 5 , LOW-VOLATILE POCAHONTAS (2) COALS, AND PETROLEUM COKE

I

I I


Coal blend

I Run number I

42$% Eagle 425% Ill. 5 10% Pe t . Coke 5% Poca. (2)

37% Eagle 37% Ill. 5 10% Pe t . Coke 15% Poca. (2)

As r e c ' d .

Coking t ime (hr:min)

40% Eagle 40% Ill. 5 10% Pet . Coke 10% Poca. (2)

Bulk d e n s i t y ( l b d ry coa l pe r cu f t )

Preheat 450'



S h a t t e r t e s t +2 I'

+ I f" +I"

As r ec ' d .

S i z ing (%) +3 " 3" x 2" 2" x I" minus 1"


Preheat 260'

Coke y i e l d s (% of d ry coa l ) T o t a l (dry) Furnace (+If') (dry) Screenings (dry)

Expansion p re s su re ( l b p e r sq in . )

Preheat 360"

% mois tu re i n c o a l a s charged*

Coke oven capac i ty

As r e c ' d .

Coal charges p e r oven/24 h r 1.45 Lb fu rnace coke pe r cu f t / 2 4 h r 50.2 % i nc rea se i n fu rnace coke (compared with coa l "as received") -


Preheat 255"

P rehea t 350'


TABLE F - RESULTS OF COKING TESTS (CONT.) ON BLENDS OF EAGLE, ILLINOIS NO. 5 , LOW-VOLATILE POCAHONTAS (2) COALS, AND PETROLFUM COKE

Coking time (hr:min)

Bulk dens i t y ( l b d ry coal pe r cu f t )



S h a t t e r t e s t +2" +I?: " +I"

S i z ing (%) +3 " 3" 2" 211 1"

minus 1"


Coke y i e l d s (% of d ry coa l ) To ta l (dry) Furnace (+I") (dry) Screenings (dry)

Expansion p re s su re ( l b per sq i n . )

% moisture i n coa l a s charge&

Coke oven capac i ty Coal charges pe r oven124 h r Lb furnace coke pe r cu f t / 2 4 h r % i nc rea se i n furnace coke (compared with coa l "as received")

Run number I

Coal blend


45% Eagle 45% Ill. 5 10% Pe t . Coke

475% Eagle 47%x Ill. 5 5% Pe t . Coke


Preheat 450'

Preheat 360"

As r e c ' d . Preheat 450°

Preheat 350'

As r ec ' d . Preheat 240'

I l l inois Sta te Geologica l Survey Circular 453 16 p. , 3 f ig s . , 7 t ab l e s , 2 0 0 0 cop. , 1970

Urbana, I l l inois 6 1801

Printed by Authority of Sta te of I l l inois , Ch. 127, IRS, Par. 5 8 . 2 5 .

CIRCULAR 453

Documents

SURVEY - University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaignlibrary.isgs.illinois.edu/Pubs/pdfs/circulars/c453.pdf · Tests in the Illinois State Geological Survey pilot coke oven have shown