Sustainability

中三級通識科中三級通識科

單元六單元六︰︰能源科技與環境能源科技與環境

主題主題 22 ︰︰環境與可持續發展環境與可持續發展 (( 環境保護環境保護 ))

Credit: Chih-Hao Tsai atChih-Hao Tsai's Technology Page - OpenOffice.org Impress Templateshttp://technology.chtsai.org/impress/for the OpenOffice.org Impress template Wide Screen (2006-05-07)

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Yahoo! – – 新聞星島日報節約用電何止要三分鐘http://hk.news.yahoo.com/060806/60/1r0ft.html

Friends of the Earth (HK) – 別讓教室成溫室請支持知慳惜電運動http://www.foe.org.hk/welcome/gettc.asp?id_path=1,%207,%2028,%20150,%203155,%203239

大量消耗能源的生活型態

香港部分市民一面抱怨電費昂貴，一面卻在家中浪費大量電力，把冷氣開到要家人額外添衣的冷度，房間客廳無論有沒有人都長期燈火通明，增加大量不必要的電費開支，製造大量不必要的環境污

染。

例子︰學生在大熱天要求開空調，卻不願脫下毛衣。

http://hk.news.yahoo.com/060806/60/1r0ft.html

http://www.foe.org.hk/welcome/gettc.asp?id_path=1,%207,%2028,%20150,%203155,%203239

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hardCOREware.net - XBOX 360 vs PS3 (and Wii) - Power Consumption Report

http://www.hardcoreware.net/reviews/review-356-1.htm


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綠色力量 - 學界減排二氧化碳行動http://www.greenpower.org.hk/gp/pressrelease/pr_download/121008_21actions.doc

遊戲機一般耗電量 [ 瓩．小時 (kWh)]

PC: 0.198 kwh x 5h = ~1kwh = ~ HK$0.9 = ~ 1.43lbs CO2Wii: 0.0178 kwh x 5h = ~0.1kwh = ~ HK$0.09 = ~ 0.143lbs CO2Xbox 360: 0.185kwh x 5h = ~1kwh = ~ HK$0.9 = ~ 1.43lbs CO2PS3: 0.193kwh x 5h = ~1kwh = ~ HK$0.9 = ~ 1.43lbs CO2

1 度電＝ 1000 瓦．小時 (WH) ＝ 1 瓩．小時 (kWh)1 度電＝ HK ＄ 0.91 度電產生 1.43 磅二氧化碳

「香港人的人均排放二氧化碳量是每年 6.5 公噸」，即是說打機大約佔全年耗電量的 4% (522 磅 = 0.261 公噸 ) 。


http://www.greenpower.org.hk/gp/pressrelease/pr_download/121008_21actions.doc

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香港節能網 - 能源標籤 - 綠色的選擇http://www.emsd.gov.hk/emsd/e_download/pee/Leaflet_for_Consumer.pdf

http://www.emsd.gov.hk/emsd/e_download/pee/Leaflet_for_Consumer.pdf

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香港節能網 - 能源標籤 - 綠色的選擇http://www.emsd.gov.hk/emsd/e_download/pee/Leaflet_for_Consumer.pdf

http://www.emsd.gov.hk/emsd/e_download/pee/Leaflet_for_Consumer.pdf

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stock.xchng – Light Bulb (by vorax)

http://www.sxc.hu/photo/1026359

stock.xchng – Black suns 3 (by cotti)


節約能源 / 用水

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stock.xchng – Domestic Water Wastage (by CraigPJ)





Credit:BBC News - TV 'sleep' button stands accused

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/4620350.stm

每年英國人的電視及其他小電器在待用狀態時耗的電力，等同兩間發電廠生產的電力。共 7TWh ，排

出 800 000 噸二氧化碳。

排放的二氧化碳等同 1 百 40 萬班的長途航班

作個比喻︰即使全部格拉斯哥人口來回格拉斯哥和紐約，還比睡眠狀態下排放的二氧化碳少。 ( 格拉斯哥人口︰ 629, 501)

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/4620350.stm

Credit:Rocky Mountain Institute - E04-17, Home Energy Brief #7, Electronicshttp://www.rmi.org/images/other/Energy/E04-17_HEB7Electronics.pdf

http://www.rmi.org/images/other/Energy/E04-17_HEB7Electronics.pdf

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Rocky Mounta Institute - D04-04, Lightfair: Economics of Daylighting and Occupant Productivity

http://www.rmi.org/images/other/GDS/D04-04_EconOfDaylight.pdf

Rocky Mountain Institute - E03-13, Designing a Sustainable Energy Future—Integrating Negawatts with Diverse Supplies at Least Cost

http://www.rmi.org/images/other/Energy/E03-13_DsnSusEnrgyFuture.pdf

有效使用天然資源︰日光

http://www.rmi.org/images/other/GDS/D04-04_EconOfDaylight.pdf

http://www.rmi.org/images/other/Energy/E03-13_DsnSusEnrgyFuture.pdf

Credit:可持續發展 - 甚麼是可持續發展

http://www.susdev.gov.hk/html/b5/sd/index.htm

廢物


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環境保護署 - 都市固體廢物管理政策大綱 (2005-2014) - 第二章問題 - 必須採取果斷行動http://www.epd.gov.hk/epd/msw/htm_tc/ch02/main.htm

環境保護署 - 都市固體廢物管理政策大綱 (2005-2014) - 第三章方針 - 減少棄置廢物，節省付費http://www.epd.gov.hk/epd/msw/htm_tc/ch03/main.htm

廢物管理

http://www.epd.gov.hk/epd/msw/htm_tc/ch02/main.htm


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Google Book Search - The Sustainability Advantage: Seven Business Case Benefits of a Triple Bottom Line

http://books.google.com/books?id=SQ6BhCQh728C

Willard, B. (2002). The sustainability advantage: seven business case benefits of a triple bottom line. Gabriola Island, B.C.: New Society.

減少不必要的消費

http://books.google.com/books?id=SQ6BhCQh728C

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Flickr - You are what you eat (by jhmostyn)

http://www.flickr.com/photos/jhmostyn/137329700/

Flickr - vegetarian wonton soup (by massdistraction)

http://www.flickr.com/photos/sharynmorrow/2442113990/

即棄例子

http://www.flickr.com/photos/jhmostyn/137329700/

http://www.flickr.com/photos/sharynmorrow/2442113990/

Credit:Flickr - I'm not a plastic bag (by diongillard)

http://www.flickr.com/photos/diongillard/2451966246/

環保購物

http://www.flickr.com/photos/diongillard/2451966246/

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環境保護署 - 都市固體廢物管理政策大綱 (2005-2014) - 第四章治理問題的策略http://www.epd.gov.hk/epd/msw/htm_tc/ch04/main.htm

廢物分類



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Rocky Mountain Institute - Personal Vehicle Emissions

http://www.rmi.org/sitepages/pid598.php

Rocky Mountain Institute - Mass Transit Emissions


個人 vs. 公共交通系統



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環境保護署 - 都市固體廢物管理政策大綱 (2005-2014) - 第四章治理問題的策略http://www.epd.gov.hk/epd/msw/htm_tc/ch04/main.htm

公共交通系統



Credit:Rocky Mountain Institute - Advanced Energy Efficiency, Lecture 3: Transportation

http://www.rmi.org/images/PDFs/Energy/E07-04_Stanford_3Transport.pdf

燒油 = 燒錢

http://www.rmi.org/images/PDFs/Energy/E07-04_Stanford_3Transport.pdf

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Community bicycle program. (n.d.). Wikipedia. Retrieved September 24, 2008, from Answers.com Web site: http://www.answers.com/topic/community-bicycle-program

環保運輸工具

http://www.answers.com/topic/community-bicycle-program

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Google 地圖 - 西裕街至天水圍http://maps.google.com.hk/maps?f=d&saddr=Sai+Yu+St&daddr=%E5%A4%A9%E6%B0%B4%E5%9C%8D&hl=zh-TW&geocode=FSpvVgEd1ujLBg%3B&mra=ls&dirflg=w&sll=22.447048,114.018259&sspn=0.027646,0.038624&ie=UTF8&ll=22.451807,114.014225&spn=0.027645,0.038624&z=15

http://maps.google.com.hk/maps?f=d&saddr=Sai+Yu+St&daddr=%E5%A4%A9%E6%B0%B4%E5%9C%8D&hl=zh-TW&geocode=FSpvVgEd1ujLBg%3B&mra=ls&dirflg=w&sll=22.447048,114.018259&sspn=0.027646,0.038624&ie=UTF8&ll=22.451807,114.014225&spn=0.027645,0.038624&z=15



Credit:stock.xchng –Levitation 5 (by bizior)


在個人生活方面，你可以想出任何有效率地使用能源的方法嗎？

1) 起居飲食 ( 前排 )2) 消費娛樂 ( 中排 )3) 校園生活 ( 後排 )

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Rocky Mountain Institute - RMI's Approach to Energy


Rocky Mountain Institute - E05-16, Energy End-Use Efficiency

http://www.rmi.org/images/other/Energy/E05-16_EnergyEndUseEff.pdf

A Watt Saved is a Watt Earned/Demand-Side Management節省等於生產更多

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Rocky Mountain Institute - D02-15, An Introduction to Green Building—Part 1: Resource Efficiency

http://www.rmi.org/images/other/GDS/D02-15_ResearchEff.pdf


http://www.rmi.org/images/other/Energy/E05-16_EnergyEndUseEff.pdf

http://www.rmi.org/images/other/GDS/D02-15_ResearchEff.pdf

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stock.xchng – Question mark 3 (by hisks)

http://www.sxc.hu/photo/1102205Rocky Mountain Institute - RMI's Approach to Energy


What Exists is Possible 地上有 $20 元，你會撿起它嗎？

有效率科技、設計的確存在

Tunnel Through the Cost Barrier效率不會減少回報，反而回報比不做多。

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Centameter

http://www.centameter.com.au/

End-Use/Least-Cost Thinking – 金錢掛帥用戶要的是服務，不是能源；能推動他們的是服務的售價，而不是能源。


http://www.centameter.com.au/

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Ming Pao Daily News - 屋邨設施試驗太陽能供電Wisesearch - DOCUMENT ID: 200704070040104

Ming Pao Daily News - 多部門選錯電費計劃浪費 388 萬公帑廉署機電署用電嚴重超支Wisesearch - DOCUMENT ID: 200811270040051

Systems Thinking宏觀來看，做事要有連繫。別只解決眼前問題，將它轉移或引發新問題。

Credit: – 明報通識網屋村設施試驗太陽能供電文章日期： 2007年 4月 7日

http://life.mingpao.com/cfm/dailynews3.cfm?File=20070407/nalgh/ghb1.txt

屋村設施試驗太陽能供電

房署以藍田村為試點，在兩幢樓宇及有蓋行人通道頂安裝太陽能發電板，為走廊燈、升降機、水泵等公用設施供電，預計供電量佔大廈公用設施的5％，每年可為政府節省 4萬多元電費，但器材投資卻要 300萬元，即最少 70年才能回本。房署回應投資回本無期時說，今次是「做善事」，減少空氣污染。

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博客來網路書店 - 四倍數－資源使用減半，人民福祉加倍http://www.books.com.tw/exep/prod/booksfile.php?item=0010078360

博客來網路書店 - 從搖籃到搖籃綠色經濟的設計提案http://www.books.com.tw/exep/prod/booksfile.php?item=0010390045

《四倍數－資源使用減半，人民福祉加倍

(Factor Four)》

Amory B. Lovins William A. McDonough

《從搖籃到搖籃綠色經濟的設計提案

(Cradle to Cradle)》

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The Economist - The frugal cornucopian

http://www.economist.com/science/tq/displaystory.cfm?story_id=11999219

Rocky Mountain Institute – Staff List


William A. McDonough, FAIA

http://www.mcdonough.com/

http://www.books.com.tw/exep/prod/booksfile.php?item=0010078360

http://www.books.com.tw/exep/prod/booksfile.php?item=0010390045

http://www.economist.com/science/tq/displaystory.cfm?story_id=11999219


http://www.mcdonough.com/

Credit:可持續發展 - 甚麼是可持續發展


可持續發展

「既能滿足我們現今的需求，又不損害子孫後代能滿足他們的需求的發展模式。」（《我們的共同未來》， 1987年）


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可持續發展 - 甚麼是可持續發展http://www.susdev.gov.hk/html/b5/sd/index.htm

stock.xchng - The Peak on a clear day, Hong (by joanho)

http://www.sxc.hu/photo/319896/

香港的可持續發展

• 在追求經濟富裕、生活改善的同時，減少污染和浪費；

• 在滿足我們自己各種需要與期望的同時，不損害子孫後代的福祉；

• 減少對鄰近區域造成環保負擔，協力保護共同擁有的資源

（《一九九九年施政報告》）


http://www.sxc.hu/photo/319896/

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Rocky Mountain Institute - RMI for Kids - Energy and How We Use It


Rocky Mountain Institute - RMI for Kids - Energy Actions


改善空氣︰可再生能源

Documents

Sustainability