Swiss Armed Forces Contributions to « Non- Article-5-Operations » and the Swiss Conscript System

Swiss Armed ForcesArmed Forces Staff

Swiss Armed Forces Contributions to «Non-Article-5-Operations» and the Swiss Conscript System

Brigadier General Erwin DahindenHead International Relations Defence, Swiss Armed Forces

Sofia, 7th August 2009


2Swiss Armed Forces Contributions to «Non-Article-5-Operations» / 7 August 2009Brigadier General Erwin Dahinden

Outline

• Challenges for International Security• Security Policy – the Swiss concept• Multidimensional Conflict Management• Current Operations• Reservists and Militia in the framework of

multidimensional conflict management• Conclusion• Q & A



Outline





International security policy –Evolution of challenges



Armed conflicts in Europe

Military aggression against CH

Proliferation effects

Natural and technological disasters

Violent extremism

Terrorism

Armed Conflicts in the European outskirts

Conflicts outside of Europe

Internal troubles

Information warfare

Use of force in outer space

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Existential issues affecting Switzerland

«Classical» analysis of risks and threats



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Existential issues affecting Switzerland

Cyber war

Economical and financial crisis (international)

Organised crime

Migration

Economical espionage

Monetary crisis

Market instability

supply shortfall

Epidemics and new pathogenes

Interdependency-based analysis of risks and threats



Outline





Determining factors

Militia forcesMilitia forcesMilitia forcesMilitia forces

NeutralityNeutralityNeutralityNeutrality

CooperationCooperationCooperationCooperation

Federal ConstitutionFederal ConstitutionFederal ConstitutionFederal Constitution



Elements of Swiss neutrality

• The term neutral is derived from the Latin: ne uter – neither one nor the other.

• The law of neutrality prohibits military assistance to parties in a war between other States.

• Switzerland’s neutrality is self-determined, permanent and armed.



Law of neutrality: Consequences

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Foreign policy

Armed Forces

Civil Protection

Economic Policy

National Economic Supply

Information and Communication

Protection of the Constitution and Police

Instruments of Swiss security policyProblem

to address

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Outline





International and multidimensional crisis management

Defence Diplomacy

Time

Prevention

International Crisis Management

Stabilisation

Open ConflictCrisis

Post conflict rehabilitation

Reconstruction

Military Operations

PSO

Negotiations, VER, EmSup

LOT MOT, HMR

PRTMILOB

Nation building (SSR, CoC, DIB, Capacities)



Cycle of stability and development

Development

«Rule of law»

Nation building

Security Sector Reform

Humanitarian Aid

Development Aid

Economic Aid

SecurityPeace Support

OperationsCapacity building



Phase I:Stability

Phase II:Institutions

Phase III:Strength

End-state

Modern Crisis Management: Phases, Dimensions and Contributions

Rule of Law

Admin & Governance

Health

Economics & Commercial

Judiciary

Education

Security force

Police

Humanitarian relief

FunctioningstateMilitary Contributions to PSO

Civil/political Contributions to PSO

Development and Cooperation



Partners for Cooperation

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DSPEDA

Internationa l R e lations

Bi-/MultiIateralFramework

National FrameworkWhole-of-Government

Geneva CentresRegional training centres

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Outline





Current Operations of Swiss Armed Forces worldwide (July 2009)



Humanitarian Demining



KFOR: Security and Reconstruction



EUFOR BIH: Liaison and Observation Teams (LOT)



South. Sudan – Security Sector Reform Assistance to SPLA transformation

• Mission started on March 10, 2008• 2 experts permanently based in Juba• Trainers flown in, flown out• Train the trainers• IHL, ROE, Leadership training,

democratic control of armed forces• Counseling to GMMA• Close cooperation with MFA and SDC• Long term engagement (2011)



Africa – Capacity BuildingAssistance to regional training centres

KAIPTC Accra, Ghana• Posting of one course

director (since Jan 2006)

EMP Bamako, Mali• Financial support• Cooperation with GCSP

on DDR training• Possible posting of 1 civ

expert and 1 mil trainer



Africa – Capacity Building Training of Future African DA

• Senegal(May 2009)

• Algeria(Nov 2008 June 2009)

• Jordan(Nov 2009)



Nepal: SSR – DD&RMilitary support of civilian development aid



Illicit proliferation of SALW



Military support of humanitarian aid

• Means of transportation• Engineer means• Means of communication • Rescue Chain Switzerland



Outline




29Swiss Conscript System / 7 August 2009Brigadier General Erwin Dahinden

Switzerland maintains armed forces. They shall be organized, in principle, as a militia.

Every Swiss male must render military service. The statute shall provide for an alternative service.

For Swiss female, military service is voluntary.

Militia armed forces



120,000

80,000

Armed Forces: Personnel Strength

Officers: 6,000

NCOs: 20,000

Women(all ranks): 1,300

Professional militarypersonnel: 5,000

20,000

Militia & Active

Recruits

Reserve

Full mobilisation strength:

220,000In service on average day:

about 17,000



Vocational apprenticeship

4 years

Recruit school18 (21) weeks

Civilian-military «HANDSHAKE»



Conscription («Militia») and Foreign Deployments • 95% recruited among «militia» (reservists)• Volunteers (no constraints)• Medium to high level of education• Language skills• Civilian background and experience• Short mission oriented preparation (SWISSINT)• No «military» syndrome short deployment



Outline





Complexity of co-ordination

Inter-agency

MilitaryComplexity

Civil-politicalComplexity

Inter-national

Joint Combined

ConflictResolutionEffectiveness

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Going beyond non-confrontational attitude

Non-confrontational approach

Co-ordination Co-operation



Thank you for your attention

–Questions?

Documents

Swiss Armed Forces Contributions to « Non- Article-5-Operations » and the Swiss Conscript System