SYLLABUS NIZAM COLLEGE CURRICULUM FOR ZOOLOGY 2018 … · 1.2.2 Classification up to orders with examples 1.2.3 Type study - Paramecium 1.2.4 Life cycle of Eimeria stiedae 1.3 Porifera

SYLLABUS NIZAM COLLEGE CURRICULUM FOR ZOOLOGY IN UNDER GRADUATE DEGREE PROGRAMME

CBCS SYLLABUS SCHEDULE 2017 – 2018 Osmania University

Year Semester

Paper

Title of the Paper No. of

Credits

Exam

Hrs.

Max. Marks

I.A End

Exam Total

I

I

Paper - I Core-I

Theory

Animal Diversity-

Invertebrates 4 2 10 40 50

Core-I

Practical

Animal Diversity-

Invertebrates 2 2 - 25 25

II

Paper – II Core-II

Theory

Ecology, Zoogeography

and Animal Behavior 4 2 10 40 50

Core-II

Practical

Ecology, Zoogeography

and Animal Behavior 2 2 - 25 25

II

III

Paper – III Core-III

Theory

Animal Diversity-

Vertebrates and

Developmental Biology

4 2 10 40 50

Core-III

Practical

Animal Diversity-

Vertebrates and

Developmental Biology

2 2 - 25 25

IV

Paper - IV Core-IV

Theory

Cell Biology, Genetics and

Evolution 4 2 10 40 50

Core-IV

Practical

Cell Biology, Genetics and

Evolution 2 2 - 25

ID Interdisciplinary

paper

Aquarium fish

management 2 2 10 40 25

III V

Paper - V DSC-I

Theory

Physiology and

Biochemistry 3 2 10 40 50

DSC -I Physiology and

2 2 - 25 25

Practical Biochemistry

Paper - VI DSE-I (A, B, C)

Theory

Research methodology /

Entomology/Sericulture 3 2 10 40 50

DSE-I (A, B, C)

Practical

Research methodology/

Entomology/Sericulture 2 2 - 25 25

VI

Paper - VII DSC-II Theory Immunology 3 2 10 40 50

DSC-II Practical Immunology 2 2 - 25 40

Paper - VIII DSE- II (A, B, C)

Theory

Aquarium fish

management/ / Animal

biotechnology/Clinical

science

3 2 10 40 50

DSE- II (A, B, C)

Project Work 2 2 - 25 25

48

*DSC – Discipline Specific Course, DSE – Discipline Specific Elective, GE – Generic Elective

B.Sc. I Year I - SEMESTER Core Paper – I

Animal Diversity – Invertebrates

Periods: 60 Max. Marks: 40

UNIT – I (15 Periods)

1.1 Brief history of Invertebrates

1.1.2 Brief history of Invertebrates

1.2 Protozoa 1.2.1 General characters 1.2.2 Classification up to orders with examples 1.2.3 Type study - Paramecium 1.2.4 Life cycle of Eimeria stiedae

1.3 Porifera 1.3.1 General characters 1.3.2 Classification of Porifera up to orders with examples 1.3.3 Type study - Sycon 1.3.4 Canal system in sponges and Spicules.

UNIT – II (15 Periods)

2.1. Cnidaria

2.1.1 General characters

2.1.2 Classification of Cnidaria up to orders with examples

2.1.3 Type study - Obelia

2.1.4 Polymorphism in syphonophora

2.1.5 Corals and coral reef formation

2.2 Platyhelminthes


2.2.2 Classification of Platyhelminthes up to orders with examples

2.2.3 Type study-Fasciola

2.3 Nemathelminthes


2.3.2 Classification of Nemathelminthes up to orders with examples

2.3.3 Type study - Ascaris

2.3.4 Parasitic Adaptations in Helminthes

UNIT – III (15 Periods)

3.1 Annelida


3.1.2 Classification of Annelida up to orders with examples

3.1.3 Type study - Hirudinaria granulosa.

3.1.4 Evolutionary significance of Coelome and Coelomoducts and metamerism

3.2 Arthropoda


3.2.2 Classification of Arthropoda up to order with examples

3.2.3 Type study - Prawn

3.2.4 Peripatus - Structure and affinities. Mouth parts of insects and crustacean larve.

UNIT – IV (15 Periods)

4.1 Mollusca


4.1.2 Classification of Mollusca up to orders with examples

4.1.3 Type study - Pila

4.1.4 Pearl formation

4.1.5 Torsion and detorsion in gastropods

4.2 Echinodermata


4.2.2 Classification of Echinodermata up to orders with examples

4.2.3 Type study of star fish

4.2.4 Echinoderm larvae and their significance

4.3 Hemichordata

4.3.1 Balanoglossus - Structure and affinities

Suggested Readings

1. L.H. Hyman ‘The Invertebrates’ Vol I, II and V. – M.C. Graw Hill Company Ltd.

2. Kotpal, R.L. 1988 - 1992 Protozoa, Porifera, Coelenterata, Helminthes,

Arthropoda, Mollusca, Echinodermata. Rastogi Publications, Meerut.

3. E.L. Jordan and P.S. Verma ‘Invertebrate Zoology’ S. Chand and Company.

4. R.D. Barnes ‘Invertebrate Zoology’ by: W.B. Saunders CO., 1986.

5. Barrington. E.J.W., ‘Invertebrate structure and Function’ by ELBS.

6 P.S. Dhami and J.K. Dhami. Invertebrate Zoology. S. Chand and Co. New Delhi.

7. Parker, T.J. and Haswell ‘A text book of Zoology’ by, W.A., Mac Millan Co. London.

8. Barnes, R.D. (1982). Invertebrate Zoology, V Edition”

B.Sc. I Year

ZOOLOGY PRACTICAL SYLLABUS FOR I SEMESTER

ZOOLOGY - PAPER - I

ANIMAL DIVERSITY - INVERTEBRATES


1. Study of museum slides / specimens / models (Classification of animals up to orders) i. Protozoa: Amoeba, Paramoecium, Paramoecium Binary fission and Conjugation, Vorticella,

Entamoeba histolytica, ellphidium

ii. Porifera: Sycon, Spongilla, Euspongia, Sycon - T.S & L.S, Spicules, iii.

iv. Coelenterata: Obelia – Colony & Medusa, Aurelia, Physalia, Velella, Corallium, Gorgonia, Pennatula

v.

vi. Platyhelminthes: Planaria, Fasciola hepatica, Fasciola larval forms – sporocysts Miracidium, Redia, Cercaria, metacercaria Echinococcus granulosus, Taenia solium, Schistosoma haematobium

vii.

viii. Nemathelminthes: Ascaris(Male & Female), Drancunculus, Ancylostoma, Wuchereria ix.

x. Annelida: Nereis, Aphrodite, Chaetopteurs, Hirudinaria, Trochophore larva xi.

xii. Arthropoda: Cancer, Palaemon, Scorpion, Scolopendra, Sacculina, Limulus, Peripatus, Larvae - Mouth parts of male & female Anopheles and Culex, Mouthparts of Housefly and Butterfly nauplius mysis zoea.

xiii.

xiii. Mollusca: Chiton, Pila, Unio, Pteredo, Sepia, Loligo, Octopus, Nautilus, Glochidium larva xiv.

Xiv Echinodermata: Asterias, Ophiothrix, Echinus, Clypeaster, Cucumaria, Antedon, Bipinnaria

l larva

xv.

Xv Hemichordata: Balanoglossus, Tornaria larva

xvi.

2. Dissections:

Prawn: Appendages,Nervous system, Mounting of Statocyst

Mouth Parts of cockroach and mosquito mouth parts

3. Laboratory Record work shall be submitted at the time of practical examination

4. An “Animal album” containing photographs, cut outs, with appropriate write up about the

above mentioned taxa. Different taxa/ topics may be given to different sets of students for this

purpose.

5. Computer aided techniques should be adopted – show virtual dissections

Suggested manuals:

1. Practical Zoology- Invertebrates S.S. Lal

2. Practical Zoology - Invertebrates P.S. Verma

3. Practical Zoology - Invertebrates K.P. Kurl

B.Sc. I Year

ZOOLOGY PRACTICAL SYLLABUS FOR I SEMESTER

ZOOLOGY - PAPER - I

ANIMAL DIVERSITY - INVERTEBRATES

Time: 2 Hrs. Max. Marks: 25

1. Identification, labeled diagram and salient features of spots: 10

(7 Museum specimens + 2 slides)

2. Dissection (one) (Diagram -02 + Dissection & Display-05) 05

3. Certified practical record 03

4. Animal Album 05

5. Viva voce 02

B.Sc. I Year II - SEMESTER Core Paper – II

Ecology, Zoogeography and Animal Behavior


UNIT – I (15Periods)

1.1 Ecology - I

1.1.1 Ecosystem structure and functions.

1.1.2 Types of Ecosystems –Aquatic and Terrestrial.

1.1.3 Biogeochemical cycles - Nitrogen, Carbon, Phosphorus and Water.

1.1.4 Energy flow in ecosystem.

1.1.5 Food chain, food web and ecological pyramids.

1.1.6 Animal Associations - Mutualism, commensalism, parasitism, competition,

predation.


2.1 Ecology – II

2.1.1 Population dynamics and Growth curves.

2.1.2 Community Structure and dynamics and Ecological Succession.

2.1.3 Ecological Adaptations. Aerial, desert and aquatic adaptations

2.1.4 Environmental Pollution – Sources, Effect and Control measures of Air, Water,

Soil and Noise pollution, sewage, pesticide and heavy metals


3.1 Zoogeography and biodiversity

3.1.1 Zoogeographical regions – Palaearctic, Nearctic, Neotropical, Oriental, Australian

and Ethiopian regions - their Climatic and faunal peculiarities

3.1.2 Wallace line, Discontinuous distribution

3.1.3. Continental Drift

3.1.4 Wildlife conservation - National parks and Sanctuaries of India, Endangered

species.

3.1.5. Biodiversity and hotspots of Biodiversity in India.


4.1 Animal Behaviour

4.1.1 Types of Behaviour- Innate and Acquired, Instinctive and Motivated behaviour

4.1.2 Taxes, Reflexes, Tropisms

4.1.3 Concept of learning, types of learning, trial and error learning, Imprinting, habituation,

Classical conditioning, Instrumental conditioning

4.1.5 Social behavior, Communication among organisms, Pheromones

4.1.6 Biological rhythms, types with examples and Biological clocks.

Suggested Readings

M.P.Arora, ‘Ecology’ Himalaya Publishing company.

P.D.Sharma, Environmental Biology’.

P.R.Trivedi and Gurdeep Raj. ‘Environmental Ecology’

Buddhadev Sarma and Tej Kumar, Indian Wildlife Threats and Preservation

Chapman J.L. and Reiss M.J, Ecology Principles and Applications, Second

Ed., Cambridge University Press, London.

Benny Joseph, Environmental Studies, TATA MGraw Hill Com., New Delhi.

Eugene P. Odum, Fundamentals of Ecology Third Ed., NataraJ Publishers,

Dehradun.

Veer Bala Rastogi, “Ecology and Animal Distribution”

P.K. Gupta, “Text Book of Ecology and Environment”

Bhatnagar and Bansal, “Ecology and Wildlife biology

Dasmann, “Wild life Biology”

Reena Mathur, “Animal Behaviour”

Alocock, “Animal Behaviour- an Evolutionary Approach

B.Sc. I Year

B.Sc. PRACTICAL SYLLABUS FOR II SEMESTER

ZOOLOGY - Core Paper – II



1. Determination of pH of Soil and Water

2. Estimation of salinity (chlorides) of water in given samples.

3. Estimation of Carbonates and bicarbonates in the given water samples.

4. Estimation of dissolved oxygen of pond water, and polluted water..

5. Identification of Zooplankton from a nearby water body.

6. Identification of Zoogeographical realms from the Map and identify specific fauna of

respective regions.

Computer aided techniques should be adopted as per UGC guide lines.

Suggested manuals

1. Robert Desharnais,Jeffrey Bell, ‘Ecology Student Lab Manual, Biology Labs’ 2. Darrell S Vodopich, ‘Ecology Lab Manual’

http://www.amazon.in/s/ref=dp_byline_sr_book_1?ie=UTF8&field-author=Robert+Desharnais&search-alias=stripbooks

http://www.amazon.in/s/ref=dp_byline_sr_book_2?ie=UTF8&field-author=Bell&search-alias=stripbooks

http://www.amazon.in/s/ref=dp_byline_sr_book_1?ie=UTF8&field-author=Darrell+S+Vodopich&search-alias=stripbooks

B.Sc. I Year

PRACTICAL MODEL PAPER FOR II SEMESTER

ZOOLOGY - Core Paper – II



1. Identification, labeled diagram and salient features of Spots: 10

(06 spots)

2. Estimation of dissolved oxygen of a pond, 05

3. Identify any Five Zooplankton in a given water samples 05


7. Viva voce 02

B.Sc. II Year III - SEMESTER Core Paper – III

Animal Diversity- Vertebrates and Developmental Biology



1.1. Urochordata, Cephalochordata, Cyclostomata

1.1.1. Salient features of Urochordata

1.1.2. Retrogressive metamorphosis and its significance in Herdmania

1.1.3. Salient features of Cephalochordata

1.1.4. General characters of Cyclostomata

1.1.5. Similarities and differences betweeen Petromyzon and Myxine

1.1.6. General characters and outline classification of Chordata upto classes with examples.

1.2. Pisces

1.2.1. General characters of Fishes

1.2.2. Classification of fishes up to order level with examples

1.2.3. Scoliodon –morphology Respiratory, Circulatory and Nervous system.

1.2.4. Types of Scales and types of Fins

1.2.5 Migration in fishes


2.1. Amphibia

2.1.1. General characters of Amphibians

2.1.2. Classification of Amphibians up to orders with examples.

2.1.3. Rana tigrina - morphology Respiratory, Circulatory and Nervous system.

2.1.4. Parental care in amphibian; neoteny and paedogenesis.

2.2 Reptilia

2.2.1. General characters of Reptilia

2.2.2. Classification of Reptilia up to orders with examples

2.2.3. Calotes – morphology Respiratory system, Circulatory and Nervous system.

2.2.4. Distinguishing characters of Poisonous and Non poisonous snakes.

2.2.5. Rhynchocephalia, Dinosaurs- herbivorous and carnivorous.


3.1. Aves

3.1.1. General characters of Aves

3.1.2. Classification of Aves up to orders with examples.

3.1.3. Columba livia -,digestive, Circulatory systems, Respiratory system and

Nervous system.

3.1.4. Migration in Birds and significance

3.1.5. Flight adaptations in Birds

3.1.6. Feathers and types of feathers

3.2. Mammalia

3.2.1. General characters of Mammalia

3.2.2. Classification of Mammalia up to orders with examples

3.2.3. Rabbit –Digestive, Respiratory, Circulatory and Nervous system.

3.2.4. Dentition in mammals.

3.2.5. Aquatic adaptations in Mammals.


4.1 Developmental Biology and Embryology

4.1.0 Parthenogenisis

4.1.1 Gametogenesis (Spermatogenesis and Oogenesis)

4.1.2 Fertilization

4.1.3 Types of eggs

4.1.4 Types of cleavages

4.1.5 Development of Frog up to formation of primary germ layers

4.1.6 Formation of Foetal membrane in chick embryo and their functions

4.1.7 Types of Placenta in mammals

4.1.8 Regeneration in Turbellaria and Lizards

Suggested Readings:

1. E.L.Jordan and P.S. Verma ‘Chordate Zoology’ -. S. Chand Publications.

2. Mohan P.Arora. ‘Chordata – I, Himalaya Publishing House Pvt.Ltd.

3. Marshal, Parker and Haswell ‘Text book of Vertebrates’. ELBS and McMillan, England.

4. Alfred Sherwood Romer. Thomas S. Pearson ‘The Vertebrate Body, Sixth edition,

CBS college Publishing, Saunders College Publishing

5. George C. Kent, Robert K. Carr. Comparative Anatomy of the Vertebrates, 9th ed.

McGraw Hill.

6. Kenneth Kardong Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function and Evolution, 4th ed,

‘McGraw Hill.

7. J.W. Young, The Life of Vertebrates, 3rd ed, Oxford University press.

8. Harvey Pough F, Christine M. Janis, B. Heiser, Vertebrate Life, Pearson, 6th ed, Pearson

Education Inc.2002.

B.Sc. II Year

ZOOLOGY PRACTICAL SYLLABUS FOR III SEMESTER

ZOOLOGY - CORE PAPER - III



Study of museum slides / specimens / models (Classification of animals up to orders)

1. Protochordata: Amphioxus, Amphioxus T.S. through pharynx Herdmania

2. Cyclostomata: Petromyzon, Myxine, Ammocoetus larva

3. Pisces: Sphyrna Pristis, Torpedo, Channa, Pleuronectes, Hippocampus, Exocoetus,

Echieneis, Labeo, Catla, Clarius, Auguilla, Protopterus, Scales: Placoid, Cycloid,

Ctenoid

4. Amphibia:alytes Ichthyophis, Amblystoma, Siren, Hyla, Rachophous,Bufo,Rana,

Axolotal larva

alytes 5. Reptilia : Draco, Chemaeleon, Gecko, Uromastix, Vipera russelli, Naja, Bungarus,

Enhydrina, Typhlops, Testudo, Trionyx, Crocodilus, Ptyas.

6. Aves: Archaeopteryx, Passer, Psittacula, Bubo, Alcedo, Columba, Collection and study

of different types of feathers: Quill, Contour, Filoplume, Down

7. Mammalia: Ornithorhynchus, Tachyglossus, Pteropus, Funambulus, Manis, Loris,

Hedgehog

8. Histology: T.S. of Liver, Pancreas, Kidney, Stomach, Intestine, Lungs Artery, Vein,

Bone T.S., Spinal cord. Osteology

Rabbit- axial skeleton system bones of skull and vertebral column

Varanus pigeon and rabbit appendicular skeleton system bones of limbs and girdles

Dissections of Labeo/Tilapia:

1. Brain, Weberian ossicles 2. V, VII, IX, X cranial nerves

Embryology

1. Study of T.S. of Testis and Ovary of Rabbit

2. Study of different stages of cleavages (2, 4, 8, 16 cell stages); Morula, Blastula and gastrula of

frog

Study of morphology of tadpole larva

Study of cleavage pattern in limnea

3. Study of chick embryos of , 24 ,48,72,96hours, of incubation

Laboratory Record work shall be submitted at the time of practical examination

An “Animal album” containing photographs, cut outs, with appropriate write up about the

above mentioned taxa. Different taxa/ topics may be given to different sets of students for this

purpose.

Computer aided virtual dissections.

Suggested manuals

1. S.S.Lal, Practical Zoology – Vertebrata

2. P.S.Verma, A manual of Practical Zoology – Chordata

3. Freeman & Bracegirdle, An atlas of embryology

B.Sc. II Year


ZOOLOGY - CORE PAPER - III




(3 Museum specimens + 2 slides)

2. Osteology (02 Spots) 04

3. Dissection (one) (Diagram -02 + Dissection & Display-05) 06


6. Viva voce 02

*******

B.Sc. II Year IV - SEMESTER Core Paper – IV

Cell Biology, Genetics & Evolution



1. Cell Biology

1.1. Cell theory, Differences of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells

1.2. Ultrastructure of animal cell

1.3. Structure and functions of plasma membrane .

1.4. Structure and functions of cell organelles –

Endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi body, Ribosomes, Lysosomes, centrosomes, Mitochondria and

Nucleus

1.5 Chromosomes – Structure, types, giant chromosomes polytene and lamp brush

1.6 Cell Division - Mitosis, Meiosis.

1.7Cell cycle and its regulation.


2. Molecular Biology

2.1 DNA (Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid) – Structure functions purines and pyramidenes

2.2 RNA (Ribo Nucleic Acid) - Structure, types and functions oxy and deoxy ribose sugars

2.3 DNA Replication and its applications

2.4 Protein Synthesis – Transcription and Translation

2.5 Gene Expression – Genetic Code; operon concept

2.6 Molecular Biology Techniques- Polymerase Chain Reaction, Electrophoresis


3. Genetics

3.1 Mendals laws of Inheritance and Non-Medelian Inheritance incomplete dominance codominance

and epistasis

3.2 Linkage and Crossing over

3.3.Sex determination in human beings and sex-linked inheritance

3.4 Chromosomal Mutations- Deletion, Duplication, Inversion, Translocation, Aneuploidy

and Polyploidy.

3.5. Gene mutations- Induced and Spontaneous mutations.

3.6. Inborn errors of metabolism.


4. Evolution

4.1. Theories of evolution – Lamarckism and Neo-Lamarckism, Darwinism and Neo-Darwinism, Modern

synthetic theory of organic evolution

4.2. Evidences of Evolution and Hardy Weinberg Law.

4.3. Forces of Evolution – mutation, gene flow, genetic drift, natural selection and migration

4.4. Isolation – Pre-mating and post mating isolating mechanisms

4.5. Speciation: cocept of species, Methods of speciation - Allopatric and sympatric parapatric and

peripatric

4.6. Causes and Role of Extinction in Evolution.

4.7 Evolution of horse.

Suggested readings

1. Lodish, Berk, Zipursky, Matsudaria, Baltimore, Darnell ‘Molecular Cell Biology’ W.H. Free man and company New York..

2. Gardner, E.J., Simmons, M.J., Snustad, D.P. (2008). Principles of Genetics. VIII Edition. Wiley India. 3. Snustad, D.P., Simmons, M.J. (2009). Principles of Genetics. V Edition. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 4. Klug, W.S., Cummings, M.R., Spencer, C.A. (2012). Concepts of Genetics. X Edition. Benjamin

Cummings. 5. Russell, P. J. (2009). Genetics- A Molecular Approach. III Edition. Benjamin Cummings. 6. Griffiths, A.J.F., Wessler, S.R., Lewontin, R.C. and Carroll, S.B. Introduction to Genetic Analysis. IX

Edition. W. H. Freeman and Co. 7. Ridley, M. (2004). Evolution. III Edition. Blackwell Publishing 8. Barton, N. H., Briggs, D. E. G., Eisen, J. A., Goldstein, D. B. and Patel, N. H. (2007). Evolution. Cold

Spring, Harbour Laboratory Press. 9. Hall, B. K. and Hallgrimsson, B. (2008). Evolution. IV Edition. Jones and Bartlett Publishers 10. Campbell, N. A. and Reece J. B. (2011). Biology. IX Edition, Pearson, Benjamin, Cummings. 11. Douglas, J. Futuyma (1997). Evolutionary Biology. Sinauer Associates. 12. Minkoff, E. (1983). Evolutionary Biology. Addison-Wesley. 13. James D. Watson, Nancy H. Hopkins ‘Molecular Biology of the Gene’ 14. Jan M. Savage. Evolution, 2nd ed, Oxford and IBH Publishing Co., New Delhi. 15. Gupta P.K., ‘Genetics’

B.Sc. II Year


ZOOLOGY Core Paper – IV

Cell Biology, Genetics and Evolution


I. Cytology

1. Preparation and Identification of slides of Mitotic divisions with onion root tips

2. Preparation and Identification of different stages of Meiosis in Grasshopper Testes

3. Identification and study of the following slides/photographs/figures.

i). Different stages of Mitosis and Meiosis

ii) Lamp brush and Polytene chromosomes

II. Genetics

1. Problems on Genetics - Mendelian inheritance, Linkage and crossing over, Sex linked inheritance

III. Evolution

1. Museum Study of Fossil animals: Peripatus, Coelacanth Fish, Dipnoi fishes, Sphenodon, Archeopteryx.

2. Study of homology and analogy from suitable specimens and pictures

3. Problems on Hardy-Weinberg Law

4. Macroevolution using Darwin finches (pictures)


An “Album” containing photographs, cut outs, with appropriate write-up about Genetics and

Evolution.

Computer aided techniques should be adopted as per UGC guide lines. Suggested manuals

Manual of laboratory experiments in cell biology Edward, G.

B.Sc. II Year

B.Sc. PRACTICAL MODEL PAPER FOR IV SEMESTER

ZOOLOGY - CORE PAPER - IV

Cell Biology, Genetics and Evolution

Time:2 Hrs. Max. Marks: 25


(05 spots)

2. Prepare and Identify Mitotic divisions with onion root tips: 05

3. One Problem from Genetics 2.5

4. One Problem from Evolution 2.5


6. Viva voce 02

*******

B.Sc. III Year V - SEMESTER

DSC – I, Paper – V

Physiology and Biochemistry


UNIT – I Physiology (15 Periods)

1.1 Digestion

1.1.1 Digestion absorption and assimilation of carbohydrates ,proteins and lipids .

1.1.2 Digestion of Cellulose.

1.1.3 role of Gastrointestinal hormones in

digestion

1.2 Respiration

1.2.1 Respiratory Pigments; Transport of oxygen, Oxygen dissociation curves. Bohr’s effect.

1.2.2 Transport of CO2 – Chloride shift; Regulation of respiration – nervous and chemical

1.3.1 Circulation

1.3.2 Structure of Mammalian Heart, Types of hearts – Neurogenic and Myogenic; Heart function –

Conduction and regulation of heart beat.

1.3.3 Regulation of Heart rate – Tachycardia and Bradycardia;

1.4. Excretion

1.4.2 Structure and function of Nephron.

1.4.3 Urine formation, Counter current mechanism.

1.4.4 osmoregulation water and ionic regulation by aquatic and terrestrial animals

UNIT – II Physiology (15

periods)

2.1. Muscle Contraction

2.1.1 Types of Muscles

2.1.2 Ultra structure of skeletal muscle fibre

2.1.3 Sliding Filament theory, of muscle contraction mechanism and energetics.

2.2. Nerve Impulse

2.2.1 Structure of Neuron

2.2.2 Nerve impulse - Resting potential and Action potential and Conduction of Nerve

impulse threshold potential all or none law

2.2.3 Synapse, types of synapses and Synaptic transmission.

Neuro transmiters types and functions

2.3. Endocrine System 3.3.1 Endocrine glands - Structure, secretions and functions of Pituitary, Thyroid, Parathyroid,

Adrenal glands and Pancreas

3.3.2 Hormone action and concept of Secondary messengers

3.3.3 Male and Female Hormones, Hormonal control of Menstrual cycle in humans.

UNIT – III Physiology and Biochemistry (15

periods)

3.1. Homeostasis and Enzymes

3.1.1 Concept of Homeostasis.

3.1.2 Mechanism of Homeostasis.

3.1.3 Osmoregulation - Water and ionic regulation by freshwater, brackish water and marine

Animals

3.1.4 Enzymes: Definition, Classification, Inhibition and Regulation

3.2. Biomolecules and Metabolism

3.2.2. Carbohydrate metabolism - Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, , Electron transport and oxidative

phosphorylation.

3.2.4 Protein Metabolism - Transamination, Deamination and Urea Cycle

3.2.6. Lipid Metabolism - Fatty acid oxidation.

Suggested readings

Gerard J. Tortora and Sandra Reynolds Garbowski Principles of Anatomy

and Physiology, Tenth Ed., John Wiley & Sons

Arthur C. Guyton MD, A Text Book of Medical Physiology, Eleventh ed., John

E. Hall, Harcourt Asia Ltd.

William F. Ganong, A Review of Medical Physiology, 22 ed, McGraw Hill, 2005

Sherwood, Klandrof, Yanc, Animal Physiology, Thompson Brooks/Coole, 2005.

Sherwood, Klandrof, Yanc, Human Physiology, Thompson Brooks/Coole, 2005.

Knut Scmidt-Nielson, Animal Physiology, 5th ed, Cambridge Low Price Edition.

Roger Eckert and Randal, Animal Physiology, 4th ed, Freeman Co, New York.

Singh. H.R, Text Book of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry

Nagabhushanam , Comparative Animal Physiology

Veer Bal Rastogi, Text Book of Animal Physiology*****

B.Sc. III Year PRACTICAL SYLLABUS

V - SEMESTER DSC – I, Paper – V



1. Qualitative tests for identification of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids. 2. Qualitative tests for identification of ammonia, urea and uric acid (Nitrogenous excretory products) 3. Effect of pH and Temperature on salivary amylase activity. 4. Study of permanent histological sections of Mammalian Endocrine glands - pituitary, thyroid,

pancreas, adrenal gland. 5. Estimation of Haemoglobin by Sahlis method. 6. Estimation of total protein by Lowry’s method. 7. Estimation of unit Oxygen consumption of fish/crab with reference to body weight.



Suggested manuals

Tortora, G.J. and Derrickson, B.H. (2009). Principles of Anatomy and Physiology, XII

Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Widmaier, E.P., Raff, H. and Strang, K.T. (2008) Vander’s Human Physiology, XI

Edition., McGraw Hill

Guyton, A.C. and Hall, J.E. (2011). Textbook of Medical Physiology, XII Edition,

Harcourt Asia Pvt. Ltd/ W.B. Saunders Company

Berg, J. M., Tymoczko, J. L. and Stryer, L. (2006). Biochemistry. VI Edition. W.H

Freeman and Co.

Nelson, D. L., Cox, M. M. and Lehninger, A.L. (2009). Principles of Biochemistry. IV

Edition. W.H. Freeman and Co.

Murray, R.K., Granner, D.K., Mayes, P.A. and Rodwell, V.W. (2009).

Harper’s Illustrated Biochemistry. XXVIII Edition. Lange Medical Books/Mc Graw3Hill.

B.Sc. III Year PRACTICAL MODEL PAPER

V - SEMESTER DSC- I, Paper – V


Time:2 Hrs. Max. Marks: 25


(03 spots)

2. Estimation of …….from Biochemistry 05

3. Identification/Study of……from Physiology 05

4. Qualitative Test 04


6. Viva voce 02

*******

B.Sc. III Year VI - SEMESTER

DSE- I (B) Paper – VI

Entomology


UNIT – I: Basics of Entomology (15 Periods)

1.1. Definition, scope and importance of Entomology.

1.2. Insect classification and their distinctive characters.

1.3. Insect External morphology- Head, Thorax, and Abdomen.

1.4. Mouth parts of insects

1.5. Insect Internal Morphology – Digestive, Respiratory, Circulatory, Excretory,

Nervous, and Reproductive systems.

1.6. Insect growth and development-metamorphosis in insects. UNIT – II: Insect vectors and pests. (15

Periods)

2.1. Introduction and history of medical entomology

2.2. Vectors of public health importance – Mosquitoes, Housefly, Sand fly, Lice &

Bedbugs

2.3. Vector-borne diseases- (Malaria, Dengue, Filaria) and their control measures.

2.4. Role of pests in Agriculture-economic importance.

2.5. Crop Pests and their control measures

UNIT – III: Beneficial Insects and Harmful Insects (15 Periods) 3.1. Apiculture. 3.2. Lac culture. 3.3. Sericulture. 3.4. Social life of Insects. 3.5. Venomous Insects. Practicals: 25 marks

1. Identification and study of house hold Insects - Cockroach, Silver fish, Crickets

2. Identification and study of important Insect vectors – Mosquitoes, House fly, Head lice.

3. Mounting of mouth parts of mosquitoes.

4. Identification different larvae of silk worm- Using specimens / pictures.

5. Field visits to a Sericulture/ apiculture farm and submission of report.

References

1. Text Book of Applied Entomology Vol. I & II by K. P. Srivastava

2. General Applied Entomology by B V David and T N Anathakrishnan

3. Destructive and Useful Insects by C. L. Metcalf

4. A text book of Entomology by Mathur and Upadhay

B.Sc. III Year V – SEMESTER

DSE – I (C), Paper - VI SERICULTURE


UNIT – I – Introduction of Sericulture (15 Periods)

1.1 History of Sericulture and Present status of sericulture industry in India.

1.2 Sericulture as Agro-industry - Perspectives and prospects of Sericulture in India.

1.3 Geographical distribution of various species and economic races of silkworms -

mulberry, tasar, eri and muga silkworm.

1.4 Types of silkworm host plants and their systematic position.

1.5 Morphology and anatomy of Silk glands UNIT – II – Biology and diseases of Silkworms (15 Periods)

2.1 Life cycle, External morphology and biology of mulberry silkworm. 2.2 Internal morphology of Silkworm – Digestive, Respiratory, Nervous, Excretory, and Reproductive

systems. 2.3 Influence of biotic and a biotic factor on the incidence of diseases. 2.4 Diseases of Bombyx mori and Philosamia ricini —Viral, bacterial protozoan and fungal.

Preventive and control measures. 2.5 Insect and vertebrate Pests of silkworm and their management.

UNIT – III – Silkworm Rearing (15 Periods)

3.1. Silkworm rearing house and rearing appliances.

3.2. Feeding and Rearing methods of mulberry silk worms.

3.3. Mounting and harvesting of mulberry silk cocoons.

3.4. Properties and composition of silk.

3.5. Commercial characters of cocoons and price fixation.

Practicals:

1. Identification of different types of silkworms.

2. Morphology of egg larva, pupa and adult of different silkworm types.

3. Life history of different silkworm types.

4. Dissection of digestive system and salivary gland of silkworm larva.

6. Dissection of the nervous system of larva silkworm.

7. Rearing appliances

8. Sex differentiation of Larva, Pupa and Adult silkworms

9. Calculation of Shell Ratio.

References:

1. Handbook of Practical Sericulture : Ullal, S.R. and Narasimhanna, M.N. (1987), Central Silk Board Publication, Bangalore.

2. FAO Manuals on Sericulture : Anonymous (1972), Vol. I-IV 3. Sericulture for Rural Development : Hanumappa (1978), Himalaya Publication, 4. The Silkworm, an Important Laboratory Tool : Tazima, Y. (1978), Kodansha

Publications, Tokyo.

5. Control of Silkworm Reproduction, Development and Sex : Strunnikov, V.A. (1983), MIR Publications, Moscow.

6. Ericulture in India Sarkar, D.C. (1988), CSB, Bangalore. 7. Silkworm Rearing : Wupang—Chun and Chen Da-Chung (1988), Pub. By FAO. 8. Handbook of Silkworm Rearing : Anonymous (1972), Agriculture and Technical

Manual-1, Fuzi Pub. Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan.

9. Improved Method of Rearing Young age silkworm : Krishnaswamy (1986), CSB Publication, Bangalore.

******

B.Sc. III Year V- SEMESTER, DSC - II

Paper – VII Immunology


UNIT – I. Immunology – Basic concepts; antigens and antibodies (15 Periods) 1.1 Basic concepts of immunology. 1.2 Cells of immune system 1.3 Primary and secondary Organs of immune system 1.4 Types of Immunity – Innate and acquired, Humoral and Cell Mediated 1.5 Structure, function and types of antibodies, monoclonal antibodies in therapeutics and diagnosis 1.6 B and T cell epitopes, haptens, and adjuvants.

UNIT – II. Working of an Immune system; Immune system in health and disease (15 Periods)

2.1 Antigen-antibody reactions 2.2 Structure and functions of major histocompatibility complex. 2.3 Basic properties and functions of Cytokines, Interferons and complement proteins 2.4 Types of hyper sensitivity. 2.5 Concepts of autoimmunity with reference to Rheumatoid Arthritis and tolerance, AIDS and

immunodeficiency with reference to HIV, AIDS and Down Syndrome. 2.6 Introduction to Vaccines and types of Vaccines

UNIT – III. Transplantation and Rejection, Stem Cells and Immunology (15 Periods)

3.1 History, Definition and Scope of Transplantation. 3.2 Genetic barriers between donor and recipient, Immunological recognition of variation 3.3 Acute and Chronic Rejection, Mechanism of Graft Rejection, Manifestation of the rejection 3.4 Transplantation of specific organs and tissues– Skin Grafting, Kidney, liver and Heart Transplantation. 3.5 Immunosuppression and immunosuppressive drugs. 3.6 Stem Cells and Immunology, Limitations to Transplantation

Suggested Readings Arthur C. Guyton MD, A Text Book of Medical Physiology, Eleventh ed., John E. Hall, Harcourt Asia Ltd. Knut Scmidt-Nielson, Animal Physiology, 5th ed, Cambridge Low Price Edition. Richard A. Glodsby, Thomas J Kind, Barbara A. Osborne, Janis Kuby, Immunology, 5th ed, Freeman and Co. New York Ivan Roitt, Immunology, 4th ed, Johanthan Brostoff, Moshy, London. Thomas C. Chung, General Parasitology, Hardcourt Brace and Co ltd. Asia. New Delhi. Gerard D. Schmidt and Larry S Roberts, Foundations of Parasitology, McGraw Hill Kindt, T. J., Goldsby, R. A., Osborne, B. A., Kuby, J. (2006). VI Edition. Immunology. W.H. Freeman and Company. Delves, P. J., Martin, S. J., Burton, D. R., Roitt, I.M. (2006). XI Edition. Roitt’s Essential Immunology, Blackwell Publishing. Arun Ingale (2012): Basic Immunology; Published by New Central Book Agency (P) Ltd. London

******

B.Sc. III Year PRACTICAL SYLLABUS V- SEMESTER, DSC - II

Paper – VII Immunology


I. Immunology 1. Identification of Blood groups 2. Histological study of spleen, thymus and lymph nodes (through prepared slides) 3. Enumeration of RBC & WBC from a given blood sample 4. Enumeration of Differential count of WBC from a given blood sample 5. Identification of Autoimmune disease through charts. 6. Scale grafting in Fish Tilapia – autograft and allograft 7. Blood collection and identification of RBC and WBC in Fish Tilapia 8. Pathogen Sensitivity Test using fish Tilapia (Caudal Peduncle Test)



Suggested manuals Kindt, T. J., Goldsby, R.A., Osborne, B. A. and Kuby, J (2006). Immunology, VI Edition. W.H. Freeman and Company. David, M., Jonathan, B., David, R. B. and Ivan R. (2006). Immunology, VII Edition, Mosby, Elsevier Publication. Abbas, K. Abul and Lechtman H. Andrew (2003.) Cellular and Molecular Immunology. V Edition. Saunders Publication.

B.Sc. III Year PRACTICAL MODEL PAPER

V- SEMESTER, DSC - II Paper – VII

Immunology



(05 spots)

2. Identification of blood groups 05

5. immunology tests using Tilapia 05


7. Viva voce 02

B.sc III Year

VI –SEMESTER, DSE -I(A)

Paper –VI

Aquarium Fish Culture Management

Periods : 45 MAX MARKS:40

(15 periods)

Unit-I

1.1 Aquarium fish culture industry : Present status ,scope and prospects.

1.2 Water quality requirements for aquarium fish and water analysis.

1.3 Rearing techniques and live feeds.

1.4 Types of eggs and embryological development in fishes.

1.5 Genetics in ornamental aquarium fish breeding

Unit –II

2.1 Brood stock management for the ornamental fishes.

2.2 Introduction to diseases.

2.3 Uses of medicines and chemicals as prophylactics.

2.4 Nutritional aspects of compound feed pellet for fish

2.5 Breeding and rearing of live bearers ,gold fish.

Unit -III

3.1 Brood stock management preparation of breeding tanks or pools.

3.2 Aquarium tank preparation and setting up of aquarium.

3.3 Ornamental fish business management.

3.4 Design and construction of ornamental fish, hatcheries and rearing systems.

3.5 Economics and entrepreneurial skills on ornamental fish culture.

B.Sc. III Year VI - SEMESTER

DSE– II, Paper - VIII CLINICAL SCIENCE


UNIT – I HAEMATOLOGY and IMMUNOLOGY (15 Periods)

1.1 Introduction of Haematology; Structure, Composition and functions of blood; Origin of blood cells (RBC, WBC, PLATELETS)

1.2 Blood coagulation and theories of blood coagulation, anticoagulants 1.3 Blood groups and Rh factor; Blood Transfusion and Blood Banking 1.4 Blood associated disorders – Anaemia, Leucopaenia, Leucocytosis, Leukaemia and Haemophilia 1.5 Types of Immunity – Innate and Acquired; Antigens and Antibodies 1.6 Immunologlobulins – Classifications and significance; Complement system. 1.7 . 1.8 T-cells, B-cells and Macrophages. 1.9 Immune response – Humoral and cell mediated; Hypersensitivity – Different types. UNIT – II TECHNIQUES, PATHOLOGY AND DISEASES (15 Periods) 2.1 Microscopy – Light, phase contrast and Electron Microscopy 2.2 Microtomy- Fixation, Section cutting and Staining procedures 2.3 Biopsy and Autopsy of normal and affected tissues for histopathological studies 2.4 Principles of Sterilization, Autoclave, Microbial plating and Antibiotic Sensitivity Tests. 2.5 Immunological techniques – Agglutinations, precipitation, complement fixation test and ELISA 2.6 Introduction to pathology – Definition, Scope and branches; Health and disease, Types of diseases 2.7 Bacterial diseases (Leprosy, Tuberculosis, Syphilis, Rickettsia ; Viral diseases (Dengue, Hepatitis, Swine flu,

. 2.8 Protozoan diseases (Trypanosomiasis, Amoebiasis, Giardiasis, ); Helminth diseases (Schistosomiasis,

Echinococcosis, Dracunculosis, ); Fungal diseases.

REFERENCES:

1. Textbook of Microbiology – R.Anantharayan and CKJ. Paniker 2. A hand book of Medical laboratory technology – V.H. Talib 3. Medical Laboratory technology – (vol-I & vol-II) – Kanai.L. Mukherjee 4. Medical Zoology-Sobti 5. Medical Laboratory Technology-Ramnik Sood 6. Parasitology – Chatterjee 7. Parasilogy – Chakraborty.

B.Sc. III Year

VI - SEMESTER

DSE– II, Paper - VIII

CLINICAL SCIENCE

Practical syllabus

Periods: Max. Marks: 25

1. Blood grouping 2. Total blood count RBC,WBC,Platelets 3. Differential leucocyte count 4. Estimation of hemoglobin 5. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate 6. Bleeding and clotting time 7. Estimation of blood sugars and serum protiens 8. Preparation of blood smear for identification of protozoan and helminth parasites.

B.Sc. III Year

VI - SEMESTER

DSE– II, Paper - VIII

Animal Biotechnology:

Unit 1:

1.1 History and development of cell cultures.

1.2 Layout and basic requirements for Animal cell culture laboratory.

1.3 Sterilization mehods and preparation of animla cell cultures.

1.4 Types of Culture media – Natural and synthetic;

1.5 Importance of serum in cell cultures. Importance of Growth factors- EGF, ECF, PDGE, IL –

2, NGF & erythropoietin.

UNIT-II:

2.1 Types of animal cell cultures.

2.2 Development of primary cell cultures (chicken embryo fibroblast), Commonly used cell lines, their

organization and characteristics (vero, BHK-21, MDBK, HeLa etc.,)

2.3 Subculture and cryopreservation methods. Culturing Techniques of Cells.

2.4 Cell culture reactors; Fluidized bed reactors for suspension cultures;

Unit III:

3.1 Animal Biotechnology Applications: Molecular diagnosis – usage of monoclonal antibodies.

3.2 Recombinant therapeutic proteins – insulin, interferon, growth hormones; Stem cells and

regenerative medicine;

3.3 Application of animal cell culture for in vitro testing of drugs; Testing of toxicity of environmental

pollutants in cell culture;

3.4 Application of cell culture technology in production of human and animal viral vaccines and

pharmaceutical proteins.

3.5 Production of Transgenic animals – transgenic mice and transgenic fish.

Texts/References:

1. B. Hafez and E.S.E Hafez, Reproduction in farm animals, 7th Edition, Wiley Blackwell, 2000

2. G.E. Seidel, Jr. and S.M. Seidel, Training manual for embryo transfer in cattle (FAO Animal Production

and Health Paper-77), 1st Edition, W.D. Hoard and sons FAO, 1991

3. I. Gordon, Laboratory production of cattle embryos, 2nd edition, CAB International, 2003.

4. Louis-Marie Houdebine, Transgenic Animals: Generation and Use 5th Edition, CRC Press, 1997.

5. R . Ion Freshney : Culture of Animal cell ; 6th edition 2010’ Wiley –Blackwell.

B.Sc. III Year

– SEMESTER V

DSE– I, Paper - VI

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Unit 1: Foundations of Research and Research Design: (15 Periods)

1.1. Definition, Objectives, Motivation, Types of Research – Descriptive Vs Analytical, Quantitative vs

Qualitative, Basic Vs Applied

1.2. Research Methods Vs Methodology; Literature-review and its consolidation; Key biology research

areas, Model organisms in biology (A Brief overview)

1.3. Need for research design: Features of good design, important concepts related to good design-

Observation and Facts, Prediction and Explanation, Development of Models.

1.4. Developing a research plan: Problem identification, Experimentation, Determining experimental and

sample designs

1.5. Understanding the details on the label of reagent bottles. Molarity and Normality of common acids

and bases. Preparation of solutions, dilutions, percentage solutions. Molar, molal and normal solutions.

Unit 2: Data Collection, Analysis and Report Writing: (15 Periods)

2.1. Observation and Collection of Data-Methods of data collection- Sampling Methods, Data Processing

and Analysis Strategies

2.2. Maintaining a laboratory record: Preparation of Tables and generation of graphs. Imaging of tissue

specimens through microphotography and application of scale bars. The art of field photography

2.3. The art of scientific writing and its presentation: Numbers, units, abbreviations and nomenclature

used in scientific writing, writing references, Data Presentation using Power point & Poster presentation

2.4. Scientific writing and ethics: Introduction to copyright, academic misconduct and plagiarism;

Citation and Acknowledgement

2.5. Methods to study animal cell/tissue structure: Whole mounts, squash preparations, clearing and

sectioning; Tissue preparation: living vs fixed, physical vs chemical fixation, tissue dehydration using

graded solvent series and Paraffin

Unit 3: Biostatistics (15 Periods)

3.1. An overview of statistics; Statistical terminology and symbols; concepts of statistical population.

3.2. Type of data (dichotomous, continuous, nominal, categorical, ordinal, etc.); a sample - quantitative

and qualitative data; Collection of primary and secondary data.

3.3. Designing a questionnaire, a schedule and their pre text; Requisites of a good questionnaire;

proportions, ratios and rates.

3.4. Classification and tabulation of data; Diagrammatic and graphical representation of data

(Tabulations, bar/pie graphs, box plots, scatter plots, etc).

3.4. Selecting the proper statistical test; measures of central tendency (mean, median, mode).

3.5. Measures of dispersion (range, extreme values, percentiles, variance, standard deviation).

3.6. Point estimate and 95% confidence intervals; hypothesis testing (null and alternative hypotheses,

one-sided, two-sided tests).

tests);

Practicals:

1. Experiments based on chemical calculations.

2. The art of imaging of samples through microphotography and field photography.

3. Poster and PPT presentation on defined topics.

4. Technical writing on topics assigned.

5. Study of animal cell/tissue structure using different staining techniques.

6. Pictorial representation of categorical data - Bar diagrams and Pie diagrams

7. Graphical representation of numerical data

8. Problems based on Mean and SD

Documents

SYLLABUS NIZAM COLLEGE CURRICULUM FOR ZOOLOGY 2018 … · 1.2.2 Classification up to orders with examples 1.2.3 Type study - Paramecium 1.2.4 Life cycle of Eimeria stiedae 1.3 Porifera