Symbiosis

Populations that live in close physical contact with each other interact in a variety of ways.

What kinds of relationships?Transfer of

energy or food. Protection transportation support.

Types of relationshipsThere are three

major types of symbiotic relationships. They are classified according to how one species is affected by the other.

Commensalismone organism

benefits while the other organism is unaffected

CommensalismAn example of

commensalism is the relationship between trees and flowers called orchids.

Commensalisma whale transports

attached barnacles throughout the ocean. The whales are not affected by the bamacles.

Mutualismboth organisms

benefit

MutualismLichen - alga and

fungus. Together these

organisms live as one. The alga supplies the

fungus with sugar, other nutrients, and water.

The fungus protects the alga from intense sunlight and temperature extremes.

Mutualism

Butterfly fishClown fish protect anemones from butterfly fish, while the anemones poison protects clownfish

MutualismAnts and aphids

Ants protect and shelter aphid eggs.

Aphids provide food inn the form of liquid nectar for the ants.

Parasitismone organism

benefits and the other is harmed

ParasitismA parasite uses its

host as a source of food.

Usually the parasite does not kill its host.

However, the parasite may weaken or sicken the host.

ParasitismSome parasites live

out side the body of the host.

Fleas, ticks, lice, and mites are examples of external parasites.

ParasitismMany parasitic

bacteria cause disease. Tuberculosis, for example, is a respiratory disease caused by parasitic bacteria.