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SYSTEM ANALYSIS IN EDUCATION
A review of the past years educational budget, the present budget plan and future goals in
Philippine education
THE NATIONAL EDUCATION BUDGET (2012-2013)
Php 238.8 (US $ 5.49 billion) Its education budget is 17% of the
national budget. Per Student
Php 5,915 (US 138) – as of 2005
ENROLLMENT (2012-2013) Primary:
1.73 million kindergartens14 million elementary school students
Secondary:5.76 million (excluding senior high school
students)
TOTAL: 21.49 million(Post secondary Unknown)
ENROLLMENT AND COMPLETION RATE
POPULATION ENROLLMENT AND OUT OF SCHOOL YOUTH
PRESIDENT AQUINO VOWS TO FIX TEN THINGS IN BASIC EDUCATION: Implement a 12-year basic education
cycle Ensure universal pre-schooling for all Create a sub-system within the
education system for all Muslim Filipino(“Madaris system”)
Bring back technical vocational education in high school
PRESIDENT AQUINO VOWS TO FIX TEN THINGS IN BASIC EDUCATION: Ensure that “every child (is) a reader”
by grade 1.
Improve science and math proficiency
Provide assistance to private schools as partners in basic education
PRESIDENT AQUINO VOWS TO FIX TEN THINGS IN BASIC EDUCATION: Use the mother tongue as the medium
of instruction from pre-school to grade3 Improve quality of textbooks Build more schools with the help of
LGUs
REVIEW OF THE 2011 BUDGET The 2011 budget for basic education is
P207.27 billion
It grew by 18.46% (P32billion) from the 2010 basic education budget of P175 billion.
The allotment for basic education is 12.06% of the P1.645 trillion national government budget.
REVIEW OF THE 2011 BUDGET The DepEd is the top department to
receive the highest budget allocation. It is followed by DPWH (P110.6 B), DND (P104.7 B), DILG (P88.2 B), DA (P37.7 B) and DSWD (P34.3 B).
Based on the P207.27 billion DepEd budget and the total number of school-agepopulation (22.71 million, age 6-15),the government spending to basic education per student per day, in real value, is P24.97.
REVIEW OF THE 2011 BUDGET On the other hand, the per capita per
day spending, also in real value, is P5.79.
Out of the P7.69 trillion gross domestic product (2009), only 22.42% of that amount is allotted for the total proposed national government spending for 2011 (P1.65trillion).
The basic education sector will get a mere 2.69% (P207 billion)share of the total GDP.
REVIEW OF THE 2011 BUDGET Adding to this the share of tertiary
education will make it a total of 3.0%, less than half of the 6% education budget recommended by UNESCO (P461 billion). The World Bank, on the other hand, recommends 20% as the average share of education budget in developing countries. 20% of the P1.645trillion budget is P329 B.
2011 BUDGET, SHORTAGES, TARGET AND DEFICIT
2011 BUDGET, SHORTAGES, TARGET AND DEFICIT
ISSUES/PROBLEMS IN EDUCATIONAL BUDGET K-12: a step in the wrong direction
Shortages vs. K-12
How can basic education qualitatively function in the context of the dire shortages?
What benefit would K-12 bring if students, in the first place, have no sufficient classrooms to study in, chairs to seat on, teachers to learn from, and textbooks to read?
ISSUES/PROBLEMS IN EDUCATIONAL BUDGET The Aquino gov’t considers addressing
the shortages low priority
ISSUES/PROBLEMS IN EDUCATIONAL BUDGET Corruption cases
Corruption practices: Bribes and pay-offs Embezzlement Criteria bypass Academic fraud Unethical individual behavior Favoritism Nepotism Pork barrel
CORRUPTION CASES: There was the so-called noodle scam
involving a contract awarded by DepEd in 2007 to a supplier that sold noodles at a staggering P18 per pack when the market price was only P4.50.
Before that, there was the textbook scam, with whistleblower Antonio Go alleging that the numerous errors in textbooks used in public schools resulted from an allegedly “secretive" evaluation process that “breeds graft and corruption."
THINGS TO CONSIDER IN BUDGETTING: Basic expenditures may include:
Teacher’s salariesOther staff salariesSupplies and educational materialsSchool construction and maintenanceTransportationOther running expenditures In emergency, one might add the following:
Re-establishement of infrastractures Re-establishment of information and
communication system
2012 BUDGET PROPOSAL
2012 BUDGET PROPOSAL
2012 BUDGET PROPOSAL The Philippine Constitution has
mandated the government to allocate the highest proportion of its budget to education. However, the Philippines still has one of the lowest budget allocations among the ASEAN countries. (Philippine Constitution: Article XIV , section 5)
PROPOSED REFORMS IN EDUCATION:
Upgrade the teachers salary scale. Teachers have been underpaid; thus there is very little incentive for most of them to take up advanced trainings.
Amend the current system of budgeting for education across regions, which is based on participation rates and units costs. This clearly favors the more developed regions. There is a need to provide more allocation to lagging regions to narrow the disparity across regions.
PROPOSED REFORMS IN EDUCATION: Stop the current practice of subsidizing
state universities and colleges to enhance access.
Get all the leaders in business and industry to become actively involved in higher education.
PROPOSED REFORMS IN EDUCATION: Develop a rationalized apprenticeship
program with heavy inputs from the private sector. Furthermore, transfer the control of technical training to industry groups which are more attuned to the needs of business and industry.
BATAS PAMBANSA BLG. 232 SEPTEMBER 11, 1982 AN ACT PROVIDING FOR THE
ESTABLISHMENT AND MAINTENANCE OF AN INTEGRATED SYSTEM OF EDUCATION
CHAPTER 5School Finance and Assistance
Section 33. Declaration of Policy - It is hereby declared to be the policy of the State that the national government shall contribute to the financial support of educational programs pursuant to goals of education as declared in the Constitution.
BATAS PAMBANSA BLG. 232 SEPTEMBER 11, 1982 Adopt measures to broaden access to
education through financial assistance and other forms of incentives to schools, teachers, pupils and students; and
Encourage and stimulate private support to education through, inter alia, fiscal and other assistance measures.
REFERENCES: Budget and financial management by IIEP-
UNESCO Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Fifteenth Congress, Republic of the Philippines
(First Regular Session), House bill No. 602 and No. 363
Issues in Philippine Education: In Retrospect By Engr. Herman M. Lagon
Rationalizing Failures:The Philippine Government in the Education Sector By Ramon Guillermo
BATAS PAMBANSA BLG. 232 September 11, 1982
RESEARCHED AND REPORTED BY:
Jennifer S. Danila MA Education – Biological Science