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7/23/2019 Systematicity and Variability in Interlanguage Systems
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_ystgectlolty cjh Qcrlc`lnlty lj Ljtgrncjducdg _ystges
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3* Ljtgrncjducdg stuhy= c tbgirgtlocn `cokdriujh
3*3 Tbct ls ljtgrncjducdg
Lt digs wltbiut scyljd tbct cnn ngcrjgrs. lj tbg oiursg ia ngcrjljd c sgoijh ncjducdg. prihuog
uttgrcjogs tbct ocj `g gvcnuctgh ir muhdgh cs grrijgius `y tbg jctlvg spgckgrs ia tbg ncjducdg
`gljd ngcrjgh* Lj itbgr tgres. tbg acot tbct sgoijh ncjducdg ngcrjgrs prihuog ujdrceectlocn irlnn%airegh uttgrcjogs lj tbg oiursg ia tbglr ngcrjljd ocrggr ls cj gstc`nlsbgh trutb* Xbls ls ct ngcst
trug arie tbg piljt ia vlgw ia tbg jctlvg spgckgrs ia tbg tcrdgt ncjducdg XN,* Xbg ncjducdg
ngcrjgr. biwgvgr. sggs bls ir bgr iwj nljdulstlo prihuotlij cs `gljd jirecn sljog lt gecjctgs arie
c aunn%anghdgh cjh sgna%oijtcljgh nljdulstlo systge ia wblob bg ir sbg ls cwcrg cjh ia wblob bg ir
sbg bcs c aunn oieecjh; itbgrwlsg. bg ir sbg wiunh jit bcvg tckgj tbg pnujdg ti prihuog wbct
wiunh `g rgokijgh grrijgius `y itbgrs* Tbct tbls egcjs ls tbct `gairg uttgrcjogs crg prihuogh.
tbgy bcvg ti `g priogssgh `y tbg buecj eljh cjh tbct tbgrg ls c systge tbct ls rgspijsl`ng air
tbg prihuotlij ia suob uttgrcjogs* Xbgrgairg. wg ocj gxtrcpinctg tbg gxlstgjog cjh ipgrctlij ia c
nljdulstlo egobcjlse tbct ls rgspijsl`ng air ghltljd rung%divgrjgh ngcrjgr, ncjducdg* Xbls. `y
gxtgjslij. ngchs us ti scy tbct wbct jctlvg spgckgrs ia tbg XN oijslhgr grrijgius ls lj acot oirrgotarie tbg stcjhpiljt ia tbg ngcrjgr* Xbls ceiujts ti tckljd ncjducdg ngcrjgrs jit air spgckgrs ia
tbg XN. `ut. rctbgr. spgckgrs ia c trcjsltlijcn jcegngss)jctlijngss ncjducdg* Xbg ncttgr bcs `ggj
dlvgj sgvgrcn hgjieljctlijs `y c jue`gr ia ngchljd aldurgs lj _NC rgsgcrob air tbg purpisg ia
rgagrgjtlcn oijvgjlgjog* Arie tbgsg wg ocj oltg Bcrrls$s 3
7/23/2019 Systematicity and Variability in Interlanguage Systems
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Jiw tbg qugstlij tbct ls wirtb cskljd ls= wbct priogssgs crg rgspijsl`ng air tbg orgctlij ia
ljtgrncjducdg systges9 Lj itbgr wirhs. biw higs tbg ncjducdg ngcrjgr hgvgnip LN9 Xbg suddgstgh
cjswgrs ti tbls qugstlij crg hlsoussgh lj tbg ainniwljd sgotlij*
3*0 LN hgvgnipegjt
Lt ls acr `gyijh tbg `iujhs ia pissl`lnlty tbct cjyijg ocj coqulrg tbg XN systge cnn ct ijog* Pctbgr.c ngcrjgr wbi ls lj tbg priogss ia ngcrjljd c sgoijh ncjducdg bcs ti di tbriudb sgvgrcn stcdgs
`gairg bg ir sbg ocj `g sclh ti bcvg coqulrgh tbct ncjducdg* _i. ijg wcy ia cjswgrljd tbg
qugstlij "biw higs c ncjducdg ngcrjgr hgvgnip LN9" ls ti scy tbct bg ir sbg hgvgnips LN drchucnny
`y tckljd lj `lts ir plgogs ia tbg XN ljorgegjtcnny ljti tbg gxlstljd nljdulstlo stirg ct vcrlius stcdgs
lj tbg cttgeptgh coqulsltlij ia tbct XN*
_gnljkgr 3
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tbgsg ujlts purpirt ti `g nctgjt lj tbg ogrg`rcn systge* Eirgivgr. tbg NV_ bgnps tbg ngcrjgr
gstc`nlsb gqulvcngjolgs coriss tbrgg nljdulstlo systges. tbct ls. tbg twi ncjducdgs lj oijtcot. l*g*
tbg JN cjh tbg ngcrjgr$s vlgw ia, tbg XN. cjh tbg gjsuljd LN* Xbls bcs ncrdgny ti hi wltb tbg
qugstlij ia biw tbg ncjducdg ngcrjgr dgts stcrtgh* _gnljkgr ip* olt* = ?8, binhs tbct "wltblj tbls
nctgjt psyobinidlocn struoturg. tbg JN `itb ls cjh ls jittbg stcrtljd piljt air LN ngcrjljd". tbg JN.
ij tbg ijg bcjh. jit `gljd tbg nljg ia hgpcrturg `gocusg tbg alrst%hcy gxpisurg ti tbg XN bgnps ti
rgcotlvctg tbg NV_. wblob. lj turj. bgnps tbg ngcrjgr ti sgt up ljtgrnljducn lhgjtlaloctlijs. cjh lt. ijtbg itbgr bcjh. jit `gljd tbg stcrtljd piljt `gocusg ia tbg cttgstgh ioourrgjog ia gcrny
aisslnlzctlij*
_gnljkgr 3
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7% Hgolhljd wbgtbgr ti oijtljug coogptljd tbls bypitbgsls ir ti rgmgot lt ij tbg `csls ia tbg
aggh`cok*
Cs cairg%egjtlijgh LN ls c trcjsltlijcn systge lj oijstcjt stctg ia anux* Xbgrgupij. wg sbiunh
gxpgot tbg ncjducdg ngcrjgr ti kggp eihlayljd bls ir bgr nljdulstlo stirg gvgry jiw cjh tbgj lj tbg
nldbt ia jgwny ngcrjgh ectgrlcn* Cusu`gn 3
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cskgh bgrg ls= biw ocj c rgsgcrobgr bcvg rgoiursg ti tbg ngcrjgr$s ljtultlijs c`iut tbg LN ujhgr
stuhy9 Wsucnny. tbg rgsgcrobgr wbi bcs ijog `ggj ljvinvgh lj tgcobljd c sgoijh ncjducdg ls lj c
aclrny diih pisltlij ti eckg usg ia bls ir bgr iwj ljtultlijs c`iut LN cs bg ir sbg ls nlkgny ti bcvg
tbg sceg JN cs bls ir bgr stuhgjts cjh si bg ir sbg bcs `ggj siegtlegs lj tbg pcst c jctlvg
spgckgr ia bls ir bgr stuhgjts$ LNs,* Cjitbgr lepirtcjt wcy ia eckljd tbg ngcrjgr gxprgss bls ir
bgr ljtultlij ia LN ls ti dgt ble ir bgr ti usg LN ti tcnk c`iut LN* Xbls egtcncjducdg. Oirhgr 3
7/23/2019 Systematicity and Variability in Interlanguage Systems
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Air tbg purpisgs ia crrlvljd ct tbg iptlecn ploturg ia tbg airogs sbcpljd LN. wg bcvg ti oijslhgr. lj
iur tcsk ia hctc gnloltctlij. cnn tbg acotirs ljvinvgh lj tbg vcrlc`lnlty cjh systgectlolty ia LN* Xbls wg
crg diljd ti hlsouss lj tbg su`sgqugjt sgotlijs*
3*8 _ueecry cjh Oijonuslij
Xbg eclj tbrust ia tbls sgotlij bcs `ggj ti pcy c niik ct tbg ngcrjgr ncjducdg* Tg bcvg sggj tbctLN oiegs cs c rgsunt ia c ncjducdg oijtcot sltuctlij wbgrg tbg ngcrjgr. `y obilog ir itbgrwlsg. bcs
ti coqulrg c sgoijh ncjducdg air ble ir bgr ti ljtgrcot wltb tbg spgckgrs ia tbg XN* Tg bcvg cnsi
tiuobgh upij tbg acotirs tbct oieg ljti pncy lj tbg rgcnlzctlij ia LN* Tg bcvg oijslhgrgh
_gnljkgr$s 3
7/23/2019 Systematicity and Variability in Interlanguage Systems
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pisturg cs cj ljtgdrcn pcrt ia tbg hctc ti `g cjcnyzgh* Lj tbls cppricob. gvgry `lt ia ljairectlij
tbct oiunh bgnp lj oncrlayljd tbg oijtgjt ia tbg hctc ir tbct ls cj cjy wcy rgngvcjt ti tbg
pbgjiegjc cssiolctgh wltb tbg nljdulstlo hctc ls ti `g tckgj ljti cooiujt*
0*3*0 Xbg Pctlijcnlst Cppricob
Xbg rctlijcnlst cppricob. wblob rgoidjlzgs Obiesky 3
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