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Overview of Overview of Systems Engineering Systems Engineering Competency Competency –– SECSEC
C.Gray, NASA Langley Research CenterC.Gray, NASA Langley Research Center
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Systems Engineering CompetencySystems Engineering Competency
The NASA VisionThe NASA Vision
To improve life here,To improve life here,To improve life here,
To extend life to there,To extend life to there,To extend life to there,
To find life beyondTo find life beyondTo find life beyond
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Systems Engineering CompetencySystems Engineering Competency
The NASA MissionThe NASA Mission
To explore the universe and search for lifeTo explore the universe and search for lifeTo explore the universe and search for lifeTo inspire the next generation of explorersTo inspire the next generation of explorersTo inspire the next generation of explorers
…as only NASA can.…as only NASA can.as only NASA can.
To understand and protect our home planetTo understand and protect our home planetTo understand and protect our home planet
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Systems Engineering CompetencySystems Engineering Competency
SEC Vision and PurposeSEC Vision and Purpose
Our advanced systems engineering approaches, capabilities and technologies enable the Agency and our Center to meet the needs of the Aerospace Community and benefit the quality of life on Earth
• Organizational Vision:
• Organizational Purpose:We develop and deliver systems engineering techniques and specific products that enable NASA Langley Research Center to successfully meet program and project milestones and objectives
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Systems Engineering CompetencySystems Engineering Competency
SEC’ Operating StrategySEC’ Operating Strategy
The Systems Engineering Competency provides a wide variety of engineering and development products:
– Flight Systems– Hardware fabrication
We endorse a research team approach to scientific advancement and technology development, partnering with:
– NASA – OGA– Industry– Universities
Our activities encompass the entire product development life cycle
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Systems Engineering CompetencySystems Engineering Competency
AOE AOE --Technology Readiness Technology Readiness Levels Levels ((TRL’sTRL’s))
TRL 9
TRL 8
TRL 7TRL 7
TRL 6TRL 6
TRL 5TRL 5
TRL 4TRL 4
TRL 3
TRL 2
TRL 1
System Test, Launch &
Operations
System/Subsystem Development
Technology Demonstration
Technology Development
Research to Prove Feasibility
Basic Technology Research
• TRL 9: Actual system “mission proven” through successful mission operations
• TRL 8: Actual system completed and “mission qualified” through test and demonstration in an operational environment
• TRL 7: Initial system demonstration in high-fidelity environment
• TRL 6: System/subsystem prototype validated in a relevant end-to-end environment
• TRL 5: Module and/or subsystem qualified in relevant environment
• TRL 4: Module and/or subsystem qualified in laboratory environment
• TRL 3: Analytical and experimental critical function and/or characteristic proof-of-concept
• TRL 2: Technology concept and/or application formulated• TRL 1: Basic principles observed and reported
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Systems Engineering CompetencySystems Engineering Competency
SEC OrganizationSEC Organization
Exploration Engineering Branch (Code RFE)
Structural & Thermal Analysis Branch
(Code RFG)
Flight Software Systems Branch (Code RFI)
Laser & Electro-Optics Branch (Code RFJ)
Systems Integration & TestBranch (Code RFM)
Electronic Systems Branch(Code RFH)
Mechanical Design Branch (Code RFF)
Data Analysis & Imaging Branch (Code RFC)
Systems Engineering Branch (Code RFK)
Systems Engineering Competency Office
(Code RF)
Technology Areas
Advanced Communications and
Mass Storage Systems Office (Code RFD)
Flight Systems Fabrication
Technology Development & Integration Branch (Code
RFW)
Business & Contracts Management Branch
(Code RFZ)
Research Hardware Validation & Verification
Branch (Code RFX)
Aerospace Research Systems Development
Branch (Code RFV)
Electronics Applications Technology Branch
(Code RFY)
ConceptConcept--toto--FlightFlight
FTE $M
Validation
Space Validation
Science Missions
ACT, AIST, ACT, AIST, C&IC&I
IIPIIP
New MillenniumNew Millennium
EOS, ESSPEOS, ESSP
Techn
ology
Inser
tion
Feedba
ck
Adv
ance
d C
once
pts
Funding
Focused Technology Maturation1
5
10
100
500
1
5
10
20
50
Wor
kfor
ce
Tech Development
TRL1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
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Systems Engineering CompetencySystems Engineering Competency
SEC Products: “From ConceptSEC Products: “From Concept--toto--Flight”Flight”
Design, Development, Demonstration & Deployment
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Systems Engineering CompetencySystems Engineering Competency
AOE AOE –– Flight SystemsFlight Systems
Flight Systems – Provide integrated mechanical, thermal, optical, electronic, electro-optic, and software systems design, development, and validation to enable the Center research mission in atmospheric sciences and the development and demonstration of advanced space and atmospheric flight vehicles (TRL 1-9).
Functional Capabilities– Mechanical/Structural System Development– Structural and Thermal Analysis– Electronic System Development– Remote Sensing System Development– Software Engineering– Sensor/Electro-Optical System Development– Lidar/Laser System Development– Hardware Integration and Environmental Testing– Requirements Definition and Planning– Management and Administration
X
ZY
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Systems Engineering CompetencySystems Engineering Competency
EEV Technology DevelopmentEEV Technology Development
Atmospheric Interface
Vehicle StructureDetermine physical properties and failure modes for carbon-carbon
NASTRAN structural analysis model
Impact Protection SystemDevelop and demonstrate energy absorption technology for ground impact
Cellular structure cutaway
X
ZY
Flight DynamicsDemonstrate vehicle stability and re-orientation capability
EEV stability testing in LaRC CF4 tunnel
Carbon-phenolic testing in Ames arc-jet
Thermal Protection SystemDevelop heat shield technology with demonstrated performance and flight heritage
Vehicle SterilizationDevelop methods to sterilize uncontained contamination during Earth entry
Heat Pulse
PATRAN thermal analysis model
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Systems Engineering CompetencySystems Engineering Competency
AOE AOE –– Lidar/Laser TechnologyLidar/Laser Technology
Lidar/Laser Technology – Conduct Lidar and solid-state laser technology development and provide analysis, advanced concepts, laser materials, component, system development, and engineering model demonstrations, to enable the Center research mission in atmospheric sciences and the space and earth science enterprises (TRL 1-5).
Functional Capabilities– Mechanical/Structural System Development– Structural and Thermal Analysis– Electronic System Development– Remote Sensing System Development– Software Engineering– Sensor/Electro-Optical System Development– Lidar/Laser System Development– Hardware Integration and Environmental Testing– Requirements Definition and Planning– Management and Administration
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Systems Engineering CompetencySystems Engineering Competency
Laser/Laser/LidarLidar Recent AccomplishmentsRecent Accomplishments
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
20 30 40 50 60 70 80
One-Joule Pulse Output Result
Out
put P
ulse
Ene
rgy
(mJ)
2nd Amplifier Current (A)
100 mJ input pulse energy to 1st amplifier (single pulse)161 mJ input pulse energy to 1st amplifier (double pulse)565 mJ input pulse energy to 2nd amplifier (double pulse)
Vb1 Vb2
GND
Vcc1 Vcc2
Out 1 Out 2
75 µm InGaAs Detectors
TransimpedanceAmplifiers
Al2O3 Substrate
Capacitor
• Demonstrated over 1 Joule pulse energy at 2 microns; (world record by order of magnitude)• Reached 150 mJ (record) of UV at 320 nm with 10% (record) 1-UV efficiency; reached 115 mJ at 308 nm• Developed innovative UV generation architectures• Designed fully conductively cooled 2 micron laser head• Best precision (record) - CO2 DIAL measurement• Developed diode laser characterization facility• Developed 2-micron detector characterization facility• Fabricated novel low mass mirror test article for space missions• Devloped VALIDAR mobile lidar test bed facility• Discovered more efficient 2-micron laser material• Built first integrated receiver breadboard for 2-micron coherent lidar
Power and Polarization
Pulse Width
Wavelength and Linewidth
Beam Profile and Divergence
Optical Spectrum Analyzer
Power Meter
Integrating Sphere
Laser Diode
ThermalInterface
LD Characterization LD Lifetime Test
Current, Voltage, Temp, and PRF
Near FieldEmitters Image
Laser DiodeThermalProfile
Power and Polarization
Pulse Width
Wavelength and Linewidth
Beam Profile and Divergence
Optical Spectrum Analyzer
Power Meter
Integrating Sphere
Laser Diode
ThermalInterface
LD Characterization LD Lifetime Test
Current, Voltage, Temp, and PRF
Near FieldEmitters Image
Laser DiodeThermalProfile
PRIMARY
SECONDARY AND TERTIARY
FOLD OPTICS WITH WAVEFRONT
CORRECTION CAPABILITY
COUNTER BALANCE
LOW-MASS STRUCTURE
LASER PLATFORM
ROTATION MOTOR
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Systems Engineering CompetencySystems Engineering Competency
AOE AOE –– Sensor/Sensing TechnologySensor/Sensing Technology
Sensor/Sensing Technology – Conduct electro-optic radiation detection and sensor system technology development, including providing analysis, advanced concepts, component, system development, and engineering model demonstrations, to enable the Center research mission in atmospheric sciences and the space and earth science enterprises (TRL 1-5).
Functional Capabilities– Mechanical/Structural System Development– Structural and Thermal Analysis– Electronic System Development– Remote Sensing System Development– Software Engineering– Sensor/Electro-Optical System Development– Lidar/Laser System Development– Hardware Integration and Environmental Testing– Requirements Definition and Planning– Management and Administration
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Systems Engineering CompetencySystems Engineering Competency
Technology Focus:Technology Focus:Fourier Transform SpectrometersFourier Transform Spectrometers
Work in SEC includes developing key component technologies, assembly of laboratory breadboard and suborbital brassboard instruments, and bringing the technology to space flight.Approach:
– Define performance specifications required by the science measurement objectives;
– Identify and develop technologies needed to meet performance requirements within environmental constraints (size, weight, power, lifetime);
– Assemble, test, and validate the integrated system.
WEB; WEB; SuperWEBSuperWEB
MiniMini--ImagingImaging
Component Component TechnologiesTechnologies
GIFTSGIFTSGeostationaryGeostationaryImaging FTS
SpaceSpaceFlightFlightImaging FTS
NASTNAST--I; I; FIRSC
Operational Operational SuborbitalSuborbital
InstrumentsFIRSC
InstrumentsFIRST; FIRST;
MicroFTSMicroFTSLaboratory Laboratory BreadboardBreadboard
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Systems Engineering CompetencySystems Engineering Competency
AOE AOE –– Information TechnologyInformation Technology
Information Technology – Conduct advanced information technology and application development to provide analysis, advanced concepts, and component and prototype system demonstrations for measurement, data storage, visualization, and information management systems to expand the capability and productivity of the Center’s aerospace research missions (TRL 3–7).
Functional Capabilities– Geometry Modeling and Grid Generation– Visualization and Virtual Environment– Data Information Management– Software Engineering– Communication Systems Integration
and Management– Computer System Integration and Management
Collaborative Space Walk withAstronaut Avatars
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Systems Engineering CompetencySystems Engineering Competency
AOE AOE –– Fabrication/ManufacturingFabrication/Manufacturing
Fabrication/Manufacturing Technology – Provide conceptual development and application of advanced fabrication technology processes, methods, and solutions for next generation integrated smart aerospace exploration systems and provide fabrication of aerospace research models, instruments, and flight and related ground system hardware (TRL 4-9) in partnership with all of LaRC’s Competencies.
Functional Capabilities– Test Article Development– Advanced Manufacturing Process & Product
Development– Research Instrumentation Development– Facilities Development
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Systems Engineering CompetencySystems Engineering Competency
Technology SystemsTechnology Systems
Aeronautics Flight ResearchAtmospheric Science Flight ProjectsAtmospheric Science Instrument TechnologySpace Science/Exploration Mars Airplane Technology AdvancementData Visualization and Analysis Tools
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Systems Engineering CompetencySystems Engineering Competency
Aeronautics Flight ResearchAeronautics Flight ResearchCockpit Motion Facility Structural Model• Developed ground-breaking structural
qualification plan for the Cockpit Motion Facility, including safety factors for first-order failure modes
• Research Flight Deck Cab modal survey and analysis supporting verification of the structural integrity of the Cockpit Motion Facility Simulator Cabs
• Successfully developed and demonstrated Autonomous Data Monitoring System (ADMS) including low power RF communications between the remote data acquisition unit installed on the B757 landing gear and laptop command unit in the cabin
• Developed advanced research data acquisition system for General Aviation aircraft in support of SATS
• Completed modifications to the B-757 floor structure to accommodate installation of the Aft Flight Deck
• B-757 ARIES aircraft interference testing and EMC Lab testing for experimental systems & PDA’s
• Successfully completed the Systems Requirement Review of the Hyper-X program X-43C vehicle GA / Cessna
206
X-43C
ADMS Remote Data Acquisition Unit
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Systems Engineering CompetencySystems Engineering Competency
Atmospheric Science Flight ProjectsAtmospheric Science Flight Projects
CALIPSO 532nm Detector
• SAGE III/Meteor 3 – Completed instrument-to-spacecraft integration and test, supported launch activities, and successfully completed on-orbit checkout
• SABER – supported launch activities and successfully completed on-orbit checkout
• CALIPSO– Completed in-house design and
development of 532 nm detectors and electronics
– Completed re-design of 1064 nm detector to solve significant noise problem
– SEC personnel successfully aligned LIDAR aft optics at Ball to reduce risk and accelerate schedule
• GIFTS– Developed end-to-end system modeling
and analyses for the instrument– Completed preliminary designs for
Control Module electronics boards
CALIPSO Flight Receiver Power Supply
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Systems Engineering CompetencySystems Engineering Competency
Atmospheric Science Instrument Technology Atmospheric Science Instrument Technology
• Reached 150 mJ of UV at 320 nm with 10% 1-UV efficiency; reached 115 mJ at 308 nm (world records)
• Developed new passive approach and associated verification experiment for cooling high energy lasers using highly conductive, enhanced contact resistance materials
• Completed partially conductive cooled laser head design and manufacture; began testing
• Completed design and fabrication of integrated Lidar receiver detector/ preamplifier
• Developed improved CCD detector for grating spectrometers and completed radiation testing
• Completed design, development and laboratory testing of re-configurable flight data processor for real-time processing of instrument data Miniature Spectrometer: optics,
detector, electronics, & housing
Hybrid Photodiode-CCD Detector
Fourier Transform Spectrometer
2-Micron Solid-State Laser Module
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Systems Engineering CompetencySystems Engineering Competency
Space Science/ExplorationSpace Science/Exploration
Mars Scout SCIM Concept• Led development of ARES proposal and played
major roles in SCIM and Kitty Hawk proposals for Mars Scout opportunity
• Successfully flight-tested autonomous aircraft deployment and pullout sequence at 103,000 feet (Mars-like conditions)
• Led performance tests of parachutes for Mars Exploration Rover (MER) mission
– Sub-scale tests conducted at LaRC’s TDT– Full-scale drop tests at Idaho test range– Full-scale performance tests in ARC wind
tunnel• SEC personnel detailed to JPL successfully
supporting MER hardware assembly and testing with subsequent deployment to KSC for launch integration
• Completed FY’02 planetary protection and technology development work for the Mars Sample Return Earth Entry Vehicle
MER Parachute Tests in ARC 80x120
Wind Tunnel
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Systems Engineering CompetencySystems Engineering Competency
Mars Airplane Technology AdvancementMars Airplane Technology Advancement
• Integrated NASA, industry, national laboratories, and academia team
• Design, analysis, and test program focused on airplane unfolding, deployment, and pullout sequence
– Wing unfolding test in LaRC Transonic Dynamics Tunnel, Mar-02
– Low-altitude flight test, Jul-02– High-altitude flight test in Mars-like
conditions, Sept-02
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Systems Engineering CompetencySystems Engineering Competency
Data Visualization and Analysis ToolsData Visualization and Analysis Tools
• Data Swarming: Developed several scientific analysis tools and software design methodologies based on the data swarming metaphor. Applied these tools to (1) extracting flow features in CFD data; (2) noise damping of vibrating media; (3) evaluating clustering in wind tunnel test results.
• Visualization of Biomimetic Wing: Three-dimensional visualizations of several biomimetic wing configurations were successfully constructed.
• A measured data set for the second X-43 and drop jaw adapter have been acquired. Each data set contains more than 4 million points, all accurate to 0.010 inch. Determined that the as-built geometry of the flight articles compare favorably with the as-designed geometry specifications.
• The automated CDUCT grid generation module has created grids suitable for the background flow solver. In addition, the Ffowcs-Williams-Hawkings radiation approach has been implemented and yields accurate propagation characteristics for sample problems.