Systems of the Body

By: Amanda Hornick

Picture credit to body websites

on Internet.

Foreword

There are many systems in the body. In this non-fiction story you will learn about four body systems. Bodies are very complex. That is why it is so interesting to read about them. This is also a guide when you are studying for a test on one of the four units.

The Skeletal System is one of the body's mainsystems. It includes 206 bones. You had over 300 bones when you were very young. Calcium makes bones strong. Here are some foods that contain calcium.

Foods that contain calcium:

• Milk•Cheese•Ice cream•Butter•Yogurt And any other dairy products.

Skeletal Parts Cranium/skull

FootHand

Spine

Ribs

Pelvis/hipbone

What comes next?

Pelvis

Patella

Ribs

Cranium

Femur

Tibia

Humerus

Fibula

RadiusUlna

SternumVertebrae Bones contain the most

calcium. Your bones start developing before birth. First they are made of flexible cartilage. Cartilage is the same material the stretchy part of your ear is made up of. Do you remember how many bones there are in the skeleton? The body contains bones.

Checking Progress Test (CPT)

1. Another name for the skull is the…a. Tibia

b. Humerus

c. Cranium

2. makes bones strong.a. Iron

b. Calcium

1. Cranium 2. Calcium

The Circulatory System

The Circulatory System is madeup of the heart, the veins and the arteries. The heart is a major organ in playing a part in our lives. It pumps blood through the body. Blood cells carry vitamins to the rest of our body.

Eating healthy, low fat and low cholesterolfoods, as well as exercise prevents heart disease.

Circulatory Parts

Veins

The Human Heart

ArteriesThere are red and white blood cells.

Blood passes through the arteries and veins.

The heart takes oxygen from the lungs, puts it in the blood stream and muscles use the oxygen to work.

CPT

1. What are the 3 parts in the Circulatory system.

a. lungs, nose and mouth

b. heart, veins and arteries

c. Pooh, Piglet and Tigger

1. b.

The Digestive System

The Digestive System is made of lots of organs and parts like the tongue, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum and anus. The helper organs are the liver, the pancreas and the gallbladder.

First the food you eat is mixed with saliva in your mouth until it is soft enough to chew. Then it goes down the esophagus into the stomach were acids break it up even smaller. Then it goes into the small intestine to have the nutrients pulled out. Next anything that is left is waste so it begins it’s journey through the large intestine, then to the rectum and finally to the anus.

Fact: To much alcohol hurts the liver.

Fill in the blanks

Your body needs lots of waterto live. It is 73% water.

Here is an activity. Go on the internet and find some facts about the digestive system. Write the interesting ones on these lines.

CPT

1. Where does the food go after the mouth?a. Liver

b. Stomach

c. Esophagus

2. What in the mouth breaks down food?a. Saliva

b. Lips

1. c. 2. a.

Nervous System The Nervous System tells your brain

what you are feeling. Whether it is the smoothness

of a rock or the heat of a pan. The brain is a

major part in this system.

Nervous System PartsThe brain, spinal cord, and nerves work together to make this system. The spinal cord (shown in red) goes from the brain to the pelvis and nerves branch off from it.

When you have Alzheimer’s you start to forget things. This shows the stages of Alzheimer’s and a healthy brain.

There are many little receivers in your brain that take messages from your senses. A sense is like smell, taste, hearing, touch and sight.

The Tongue

CPT

1. How many senses do you have?a. 8

b. 4

c. 5

2. Where does the spinal cord go?a. Brain to pelvis

b. Esophagus to stomach

1. c. 2. a.