T-86.5141 ENTERPRISE SYSTEMS ARCHITECTURE · 2007-10-11 · u John Stark Product Lifecycle Management, Paradigm for 21st century Product realisation, Springer 2004 ... (recommendation

Copyright © 2007 Variantum OyFile: PDM_071007 Slide—1

T-86.5141ENTERPRISE SYSTEMS ARCHITECTURE:

Product Data Management

Asko MartioVariantum Oy, www.variantum.com

9.10.2007


Variantum Oy

u New Finnish company, established 2002, 9 ownersu Roots in Product Data Management Group (PDMG) of HUT,

established in 1992u First big project: EDMS for KONE Oyj, first remarkable document

management system in Finland. Today’s status: over 1 000 000 documents, over 3000 active users. PDM and configurable product related research projects with approx. 20 Finnish companies.

u Best imaginable technological know-how¬ 2 D.Sc. (Tech), dissertations within configuration domain, 1 Lic. Sc.

(Tech), 4 M. Sc. (Tech)¬ approx. 50 man-years of industrial experience in different management

positions


Variantum products

System productsu VariSelect, Product family selection tool to highlight product

properties and their differences u VariSales, Sales configurator for sales order definitionu VariProd, Production configurator that creates Bill of Materials

required by the specified product variant (configuration) for the ERP system

u VariPDM, PDM system for product, document, product model and workflow management

Service and support productsu Expert services for consultation, system training and implementationu After sales support services


Contents

u References, terminologyu Definition of PDMu Background, motivation for PDMu PDM Functionalityu Architectureu Summary


References

u Kenneth G. McIntoshENGINEERING DATA MANAGEMENTA Guide to Successful Implementation, McGraw-Hill Inc.

u Antti Sääksvuori, Anselmi ImmonenTuotetiedonhallinta PDM,Talentum Media 2002

u Hannu Peltonen, Asko Martio, ReijoSulonenPDM - Tuotetiedon hallinta,IT Press 2002

u M. Eigner, R. StelzerProduktdatenmanagement-Systeme, Springer 2001

u I. Crnkovic, U. Asklund, A. P. DahlqvistProduct Data Management and Software Configuration Management, Artech House, Inc. 2003

u John StarkProduct Lifecycle Management, Paradigm for 21st century Product realisation, Springer 2004

u Rodger BurdenPDM: Product Data Management,Resource Pub 2003

u www.cimdata.com

u www.pdmic.com


Terminology: PDM

Almost any combination of terms is used, PDM (Product Data Management) and PLM (Product Life-cycle Management) seem to be most common

PDM

PIM

EDM

TDM

TIMProduct

Data

Management

Information

Engineering

Technical

DocumentEnterprise

PDT

Technology

Electronic

cPDm

Collaborative

Asset

DefinitionLifecycle

PLMPAM


Definition: Product

u Result of industrial activity general conceptu Product family, brand, model, abstract class (cannot

type, product class, be manufactured) configurable product

u Product configuration, concrete class fixed product (can be manufactured)

u Product individual physical artifact, service activity


Definition: Product Data (CIMdata)

u All product related information ¬ Paper documents¬ Digital files:

l Document files: specifications, configurations, purchase orders

l CAD drawings, models, assemblies, parts lists

l CAE analysis, NC programs and plans

¬ Information stored in data bases

u PDM manages three different product data life-cycles¬ Product type life-cycle:

l product developmentl approval and change processesl beginning and end of production

¬ Product individual life-cycle:l engineeringl production, maintenance, recycling

¬ Product process life-cycle


Definition: PDM

u ISO 13584-10 Parts Library:A representation of facts, concepts, or instructions about one or more products in a formal manner suitable for communication, interpretation, or processing by human beings or by automatic means.

u Crnkovic, Asklund, Persson Dahlqvist (2003):PDM is the discipline of controlling the evolution of a product and providing other procedures and tools with the accurate product information at the right time in the right format during the entire Product Life Cycle

u PDT (Product Data Technology)-advisory group:Product Data Technology includes all aspects of the definition and methods of processing information pertinent to product throughout its development and operational lifecycle.


Definition: PLM (CIMdata)

What is Product Lifecycle Management (PLM)?A strategic business approach that applies a consistent set of business solutions in support of the collaborative creation, management, dissemination, and use of product definition information across the extended enterprise from concept to end of life –– integrating people, processes, and information


PDM system status today

u PDM systems coverage is more restricted:¬ Current PDM systems do not include commercial data (stocks,

purchase orders, invoices, cost accounting, etc.) of the company. They are managed by Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems.

¬ Main interest of PDM lays on product support processes (R&D, etc.)

¬ Many PDM systems do not support configurable products and product individual and production process life-cycles

u PDM system does not create new product data


u Increased competitionu Global markets, aggressive market behaviouru Shrinking budgets, lower production costsu Products are becoming more complex, exploiting more

technologies and built in vast number of variantsu Quality requirements (ISO 9000 etc) and customer responsiveness

are increasingu Global manufacturing (expanded teaming)u Government and industry standardsu Less time and money for hasslingu Requirement for more efficient R&D: Concurrent Engineering

PDM motivation:Changing business environment


PDM motivation:Data integration by system integration

CAD

Design/Engineering Purchasing & Finance

Production Process/Plant

MRP System

Customers Suppliers

Project Management

Manufacturing

Sales/Marketing& Customer Service


u PDM system benefits¬ direct cost savings¬ faster time-to-market benefits¬ change management savings¬ indirect cost savings

l improved quality

¬ other savingsu PDM system costs¬ hardware, software licences¬ system tailoring, system integration, installation, training¬ system maintenance

PDM costs and benefits


PDM Benefits, example

Experience of a communication satellite programMetric Standard C.E. Delta (%)

Design Hours 5337 5929 4460 16%/25%

Span Time (months) 21 19 11 48%/42%

Tooling Costs $79,461 $49,993 $42,057 47%/16%

No. Changes (15 mo.) 16 24 6 63%/75%

No. Changes (30 mo.) 22 28 6 73%/79%

No. Quality Reports 23 37 4 83%/89%

No. Waivers 36 40 2 94%/95%Mark Knodle, General DynamicsSpace Systems Division


PDM market forecast


PDM Functions

Basic functionsu Item management

¬ Item classification¬ Item query and reporting¬ Item individual management¬ Item manufacturer and vendor

management

u Document managementu Product structure

managementu Workflow management

¬ Change management

Advanced functionsu Product family managementu Master data harmonizationu Variant configurationu Cost and mass calculationu Spare part managementu Requirement managementu Configuration model

verification


Data vault

u Central storage for¬ Documents¬ Product configuration data¬ Product model data¬ Product individual data

u Maintains revision and status data (e.g. electronic approval)

u Files (drawings, documents, etc.) are managed as “objects”

u Check-out and check-in controlu Query, browsing and reporting

u Benefits¬ Secure, distributed storage of

data¬ Elimination of redundant files¬ Managed data sharing among

team members¬ Managed electronic review and

approval¬ Management of data

relationships

u Based often on commercial relational data bases


Data vault

PDM Server

Meta-Database

data

Managed referenced files

Object: DocumentDate: 1/1/95Project: MotorPart #: 8893-0ARevision: 2.3ADocument #: 4569-29File: A:\PDM\doc\motor\...Application: MS-Word 6.0


u Item definition¬ Items from the PDM point of

view are those product related business objects which are frequently referred in product related processes, e.g. products, materials, documents, resources, activities. Use of standard items makes management and business transactions easier

PDM items

u PDM corner stonesu Item categories¬ Physical items

l systems, assemblies, parts, components, accessories

¬ Document items¬ Product models and

software¬ Service items


Item views

u Life-cycle view¬ Item revisions

u Classification (type) view¬ Classification according to

product properties¬ Classification hierarchy

u Status view¬ Item approval level¬ Item efficiency

u Language view

u Structure view¬ Structures dependent on

processesl Sales (offer, sales order)

structurel Design structurel Manufacturing structurel Delivery structurel Installation structurel Maintenance structure

¬ Physical product structure ¬ Functional structure¬ Spatial structure


u Specifying code

u Parametric class hierarchy

A Basic mechanical materials and components

A2 Non-ferrous metals- A20 Sheets and strips

• A202 Coated sheets and strips

Fasteners (Length, diameter)

Screws (Length, diameter, thread length)

- Cross head screws (Length, diameter, thread length, head diameter, standard)

u Required to search and browse items efficientlyu Standards: ISO 13584 Part Libraries, IEC 61360 electric

components classification scheme standardu Examples:

Item classification


Basic item data

u Identification¬ Generally approx. 8 character

code¬ Classifying v. non-classifying¬ Local v. enterprize wide

u Description¬ Generally approx. 40

characters of cler text

u Classification¬ Helps to find items

u Revising¬ Revising method¬ Revision identification

u Status (recommendation class)

u Manufacturers, vendorsu Other data

¬ Big systems: approx. 300 fields/item

¬ Item is specified to the level that is required by its user

¬ Reference documents


Item revisions

uWarning: there is no approved terminologyuWhen an item is changed a new version, which is also an item,

is created. It is¬ Revision. An item of this type is generated to replace its predecessor

immediately or after a transition period. Therefore, the new revision must be compatible (form, fit and function) with its predecessor.

¬ Variant. Variant concept is sometimes used for products, parts and items with small differences. An item in this group is related to a higher-level product type.

¬ Independent item. An item in this group is neither a variant nor a revision of any other item. The relation to its origin is lost. Example: a new independent product


Document management

u Which document types?u Identification method for

documents, document revisions and variants

u Approval of documentsu Security archivesu Document tool integration to

PDMu WWW user interfaces

u Document structure¬ Document revisions¬ Document variants

l Equivalence of documents written in different languages

l Multilingual documents

¬ Subdocumentsl Multipage drawingsl Figure filesl 3D models

¬ Representationsl Original,, viewing and printing

formats


© 2003 Crnkovic, Asklund, Persson Dahlqvist, ”Implementing and Integrating Product Data Management and Software Configuration Management”

Figure 2.5 Quantified BOM of a bicycle.

Tire HubSpoke

1 32 1

Saddle

Bicycle

Pedal WheelsHandlebars Frame

1 2 1 2 1

Product structure


Product (breakdown) structure -general

u All structure items represent elements which can be delivered with the product. They are often physically attached to it. Product requisites like coatings, paints, welding wires, packages, adhesives, lubricants, chemicals are often left out of product structures.

u All items are identified with a code. A clear text description is required as support information.

u Physical products include only physical objects as components:¬ non-decomposable (atomic) component, e.g. bolt, integrated circuit,

cardboard package box, user manual¬ multipart component

l subassembly, e.g. phone receiverl kit (group, no assembly process), e.g. installation accessories

¬ other material, e.g. 50 m rope, 3 l oilu most common views: product (design/manufacturing), location and function


Product structure references

Documents are linked to products:u Product - parts list, assembly

drawing¬ Often this link is built into the

identification system

u Product - other manufacturing documents¬ Assembly instructions¬ Test instructions¬ Product specifications, etc.

u Product - deliverable documents¬ deliverable documents are items in

product structure

In addition to document links other type of items can be attached to product structures¬ Product - jigs, fixtures¬ Product - tools¬ Product - embedded

software¬ Product - NC software


1 Quality2 Attributes3 Materials4 Process

1 Quality2 Attributes3 Materials4 Process

Assembly drawing and BOM

Test Data

Analysis Report

Marketing Definition

Phone Receiver

Revision A

Revision B

Revision A

Revision B

Revision A

Revision B

Revision A

Revision ARevision A

Revision A

Revision A

Product structure links, revisions


Modelling concepts

itemdescription

componentspecification

relationshippositioncondition

has partquantity

component 123description = …specification = …

component 456description = …specification = …

position = …condition = …quantity = …

document has document

document 234description = …

position = …condition = …

object types

objects


Workflow management

u Defined and automated workflow/processes¬ By project, status level, product type, ...¬ Sequential, parallel, conditional steps¬ Voting rules and time-outs¬ Folder/package maintenance¬ Notification and distribution¬ Audit processes and actions “triggers”

u Process browse/reportingu Only for stable processes

¬ Change management¬ Document approvals¬ etc

u Change process phases¬ Change request (ECR,

Engineering Change Request)l Internal and external product

claims and messages

¬ Change proposal (ECP)l Consolidation of change

requestsl Evaluation of change effects

¬ Change order (ECO)l Decided change actions

¬ Change follow-upl Registration of accomplished

actions


u Communications, E-mail u Data transportu Data translationu Viewing and annotationu Image servicesu Administration

¬ System security control¬ System management¬ Password management

Utility functions

u Data security services¬ data redundancy, disk

mirroring¬ fault tolerant disks, RAID-

technology (Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks)

¬ automatic back-ups¬ data encryption

u Authentication servicesu Authorisation services

¬ viewing authorisation¬ change authorisation

(approvals, document creation and changes, etc.)


PDM system architecture

Application UserCAD/CAM, NC, Purchasing

Documentation, Etc.

CADPrivate Files

Managed Files

PDM Server

Meta-Database

data

PDM UserMultiple Applications

datadata

control

WEB server

WEBUser

IntranetObject: DocumentDate: 1/1/95Project: MotorPart #: 8893-0ARevision: 2.3ADocument #: 4569-29File: A:\PDM\doc\motor\...Application: MS-Word 6.0


PDM system selection andimplementation

u Project definitionu Evaluation of the current

statusu System scope definitionu Prioritised requirements/

feature summary / configuration plan

u Short list selection evaluationu Request for proposalsu Demonstration / benchmark

requirements

u Demonstration / benchmark Evaluation

u Reference visit agendau Reference visit evaluationu Proposal evaluationu Pilot project definitionu Pilot project implementation

logu Pilot project analysis (vs.

benefit targets)u Final evaluation summary and

report


PDM Summary

u Organisations which do not take PDM seriously will face difficulties

u The following factors increase PDM importance:¬ organisation size¬ internationality¬ product complexity¬ number of product variants

u PDM system implementation without management support becomes a failure