Table of Contents

i iu V Sherlock Holmes

Tiu s

Tnh cch v thi quen

Hiu bit v k nng

Suy lun kiu Holmes

Tc phm

Tc phm ca Conan Doyle

Tc phm khc

nh hng

i iu V Ngi Arthur Conan Doyle

Cuc i

Cht

Cc tc phm chn lc

Cc truyn v Sherlock Holmes

Cc truyn v Gio s Challenger

Cc tiu thuyt lch s

Cc tc phm khc

A - Tiu Thuyt

A.1 : A Study in Scarlet 1887 (Chic nhn tnh c)

Chng 1: Lm quen vi Sherlock Holmes

Chng 2: Suy on , mt mn khoa hc

Chng 3. B n Lauriston Garden.

Chng 4 : Li khai ca cnh st John Rance

Chng 5. Cuc ving thm ca ngi khch l.

Chng 6. Greson tm thy g.

Chng 7 : Mt tia sng trong m ti

Chng 8. Bnh nguyn cht.

Chng 9. Bng hoa Utah.

Chng 10. Chy trn

Chng 11. Bo on

Chng 12. Phn tip trong nht k ca bc s Watson

Chng 13. Phn kt

A.2 - The Sign of the Four 1890 (Du b t)

Chng 1: Php din dch l mt khoa hc

Chng 2: Trnh by ni v

Chng 3: i tm mt gii p

Chng 4: Cu chuyn ca ngi hi u

Chng 5: Tm thm kch bit trang Pondicherry

Chng 6: Sherlock Holmes bt u din ging

Chng 7: Cu chuyn chic thng t-n

Chng 8: Ngha binh ph Baker

Chng 9: Si dy xch t

Chng 10: Ht i tn dn o

Chng 11: Kho bu ARGA

Chng 12: Cuc i k l ca Jonathan Small

A.3 - The Hound of the Baskervilles 1902 (Con ch dng h Baskervilles)

Chng 1: ng Sherlock Homes

Chng 2: Ni bt hnh ca dng h Baskerville

Chng 3: im mu cht

Chng 4: Ngi Henry Baskerville

Chng 5: Ba si ch b t

Chng 6: Lu i Baskerville

Chng 7: Nh t nhin hc

Chng 8: Bn phc trnh du tin ca bc s Watson

Chng 9: Bn phc trnh th hai ca bc s Watson

Chng 10: Nhng on trch t nht k ca bc s Watson

Chng 11: Ngi ng trn ct hoa cng

Chng 12: Ci cht trn khu m ly

Chng 13: Ging li

Chng 14: Con ch ca dng h Baskerville

Chng 15: Hi tng

A.4 - The Valley of Fear 1904 (Thung lng khng khip )

Phn 1 Tn thm kch lu i Birlstone

Chng 1 Tin bo

Chng 2 ng Sherlock Holmes din thuyt

Chng 3 Tn bi kch Birlstone

Chng 4 Ti m

Chng 5 Nhng nhn vt ca tn thm kch

Chng 6 Mt tia sng cht le

Chng 7 Gii p

Phn 2 Nhng ngi tin phong

Chng 8 Con ngi y

Chng 9 Ngi trng ton

Chng 10 Chi nhnh 341 Vermissa

Chng 11 Thung lng khng khip

Chng 12 Gi en ti nht

Chng 13 Nguy him

Chng 14 Birdy sp by

B.2 - The Red Headed League 1891 (Hi tc hung )

4B.3 - A Case of Identity 1891 (V mt tch k l)

B.4 - The Boscombe Valley Mystery 1891 (B mt ti thung lng Boscombe)

B.5 - The Five Orange Pips 1891 (Nm ht cam)

B.6 - The Man with the Twisted Lip 1891 (Ngi n ng mi tr)

B.7 - The Adventure of the Blue Carbuncle 1892 ( vin ngc bch mu xanh da tri)

B.8 - The Adventure of the Speckled Band 1892 (Di bng lm m)

B.9 - The Adventure of the Engineer's Thumb 1892 (Ngn tay ci ca vin K s )

B.10 - The Adventure of the Noble Bachelor 1892 (Chng qu tc c thn)

B.11 - The Adventure of the Beryl Coronet 1892 (Chic vng min gn ngc

Berin)

B.12 - The Adventure of the Copper Beeches 1892 (Vng t nhng dy d )

Phn C: Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes 1894 (Hi c v Sherlock Holmes )

C.1 - Silver Blaze 1892 (Ngn la bc )

C.2 - The Yellow Face 1893 (Gng mt vng vt)

C.3 - The Stock Broker's Clerk 1893 (Ngi lm thu cho nh mi gii chng

khon)

C.4 - The Gloria Scott 1893 (Con tu "Gloria Scott")

C.5 - The Musgrave Ritual 1893 (Tc l nh Musgrave)

C.6 - The Reigate Puzzle 1893(V n Reigate)

C.7 - The Crooked Man 1893 (K d dng)

C.8 - The Resident Patient 1893 (Bnh nhn thng tr)

C.9 The Greek Interpreter 1893 (Ngi thng ngn Hylp)

C.10 - The Naval Treaty 1893 (Bn hip c hi qun)

C.11- The Final Problem 1893 (Cng vic cui cng ca Sherlock Holmes)

Phn D: The Return of Sherlock Holmes 1904 (Sherlock Holmes tr v )

D.1 - The Adventure of the Empty House 1903 (Ngi nh trng khng)

D.2 - The Adventure of the Norwood Builder 1903 (Nh thu khong Norwood)

D.3 - The Adventure of the Dancing Men 1903 ( Nhng hnh nhn nhy ma )

D.4 - The Adventure of the Solitary Cyclist 1903 (C gi i xe p)

D.5 - The Adventure of the Priory School 1904 (Cu chuyn ti K tc x )

D.6 - The Adventure of Black Peter 1904 (Peter Hc m )

D.7 - The Adventure of Charles Augustus Milverton 1904 (Tn Tng tin ngoi

hng )

D.8 - The Adventure of the Six Napoleons 1904 (Su bc tng Napoleon)

D.9 - The Adventure of the Three Students 1904 (Ba sinh vin)

D.10 - The Adventure of the Golden Pince-Nez 1904 ( Ci knh kp mi bng vng)

D.11 - The Adventure of the Missing Three-Quarter 1904 (Mt trung v b mt tch )

D.12 - The Adventure of the Abbey Grange 1904 (V n ti Abbey Grange)

D.13 - The Adventure of the Second Stain 1904 (Vt mu th hai )

Phn E: His Last Bow 1917 (Cung n sau cui )

E.1 The Adventure of Wisteria Lodge 1908 (m kinh hong in trang Wisteria)

E.2 - The Adventure of the Red Circle 1911 (Vng trn )

E.3 - The Adventure of the Cardboard Box 1893 (Hai l tai trong hp cactong )

E.4 - The Adventure of the Bruce-Partington Plans 1908 (Cc bn v tu ngm

Bruce Partington)

E.5 - The Adventure of the Dying Detective 1913 (Sherlock Holmes hp hi )

E.6 - The Disappearance of Lady Frances Carfax 1911 (Qu b mt tch )

E.7 - The Adventure of the Devil's Foot 1910 (Bn chn ca qy )

E.8 - His Last Bow 1917 (Cung n sau cui )

Phn F: The Case Book of Sherlock Holmes 1927 (Tng th sherlock Holmes)

F.1 - The Adventure of the Illustrious Client 1924 (Ngi khch hng ni ting)

F.2 - The Adventure of the Blanched Soldier 1926 (Ngi lnh b vy nn )

F.3 - The Adventure of the Mazarin Stone 1921 (Vin ca Mazarin)

F.4 - The Adventure of the Three Gables 1926 (Ba u hi )

F.5 The Adventure of the Sussex Vampire 1924 (Ma c rng vng Sussex )

F.6 - The Adventure of the Three Garridebs 1924 (Ba ngui h Garridebs)

F.7 - The Problem of Thor Bridge 1922 (Bi ton cu Thor)

F.8 - The Adventure of the Creeping Man 1923 (Ngi i 4 chn )

F.9 - The Adventure of the Lions Mane 1926 (Ci bm s t )

F.10 - The Adventure of the Veiled Lodger 1927 (B thu nh mang mng che )

F.11 - The Adventure of Shoscombe Old Place 1927 (B n lu i Shoscombe )

F.12 - The Adventure of the Retired Colourman 1926 (Ngi bn sn v hu )

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i iu V Sherlock Holmes

Sherlock Holmes (Sidney Paget, 1904)

Xut hin ln u 1887

Sng to bi Ngi Arthur Conan Doyle

Tng s : Bn tiu thuyt , Nm mi su truyn ngn Sherlock Holmes l mt nhn vt thm t h cu vo cui th k 19 v u th k

20, xut hin ln u trong tc phm ca nh vn Arthur Conan Doyle xut bn nm

1887. ng l mt thm t t Lun n ni ting nh tr thng minh, kh nng suy

din logic v quan st tinh tng trong khi ph nhng v n m cnh st phi b tay.

Nhiu ngi cho rng Sherlock Holmes l nhn vt thm t h cu ni ting nht trong

lch s vn hc v l mt trong nhng nhn vt vn hc c bit n nhiu nht trn

ton th gii.

Sherlock Holmes xut hin trong 4 tiu thuyt v 56 truyn ngn ca nh vn

Conan Doyle. Hu nh tt c cc tc phm u c vit di dng ghi chp ca bc

s John H. Watson, ngi bn thn thit v ngi ghi chp tiu s ca Holmes, ch c 2

tc phm c vit di dng ghi chp ca chnh Holmes v 2 tc phm khc di

dng ghi chp ca ngi th ba. Hai tc phm u tin trong s ny, 2 tiu thuyt

ngn, xut hin ln u tin trn t Beeton's Christmas Annual nm 1887 v t

Lippincott's Monthly Magazine nm 1890. Thm t Holmes tr nn cc k ni ting khi

lot truyn ngn ca Doyle c xut bn trn tp ch The Strand Magazine nm 1891.

Cc tc phm c vit xoay quanh thi gian t nm 1878 n nm 1903 vi v n

cui cng vo nm 1914.

Nhn vt Sherlock Holmes cn c xut hin trong lot tc phm trinh thm v

Arsne Lupin ca Maurice Leblanc

Tiu s

Theo nh cc tc phm ca Conan Doyle, Holmes sinh nm 1854. ng bt u

sng 221B ph Baker, Lun n cng bc s Watson, bn thn v ngi vit tiu s

cho Holmes.

Holmes c mt ngi anh trai, Mycroft Holmes, mt vin chc chnh ph tng

xut hin trong ba truyn The Adventure of the Greek Interpreter (Ngi thng ngn Hy

Lp), The Adventure of the Final Problem (V n cui cng) v The Adventure of the

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Bruce-Partington Plans (K hoch ca Bruce-Partington). Trong tp Ngi thng ngn

Hy Lp, Sherlock Holmes cng tit l cho bc s Watson bit b ni ca Holmes l em

gi ca ha s ngi Php ni ting Claude Joseph Vernet.

Ph gip Holmes iu tra, ngoi bc s Watson, cn c m tr con ph Baker.

Nhng nhn vin cnh st thng lm vic vi Holmes trong cc v n l thanh tra

Lestrade, thanh tra Gregson, thanh tra Stanley Hopkins v thanh tra Jones thuc

Scotland Yard. Ngoi ra cn c thanh tra Francois Le Villard ca cnh st Php. K th khng i tri chung ca Sherlock Holmes l gio s James Moriarty (ngi

c mnh danh "Napolon ca ti c"), hai ngi ng v cng ri xung thc

nc Reichenbach. Conan Doyle d nh dng ci kt ny cho tp ip v cui

cng kt thc chui tc phm v Sherlock Holmes ca ng, nhng c gi gi v

s th ti Doyle buc ng phi tr li sng tc tip tiu thuyt The Hound of the Baskervilles (Con ch sn ca dng h Baskervilles), tuy nhin v n trong tc phm ny xy ra trc khi Holmes gp Moriarty. Holmes thc s tr li trong truyn The Adventure of the Empty House (B mt ngi nh trng), trong Conan Doyle gii thch rng ch c Moriarty ri khi vch cn Holmes th ch gi cht tip tc iu tra v

t chc ca Moriarty. Nhn vt Moriarty c cho l ly t hnh nh ca tn ti phm

ngi M gc c Adam Worth.

Tnh cch v thi quen

Sherlock Holmes (phi, cm tu thuc) v bc s Watson, tranh ca Sidney Paget

L mt thm t c phng php iu tra rt khoa hc nhng trong cuc sng ring

Holmes li rt ba bn, theo nh ghi chp ca bc s Watson, Holmes vt ba bi mi

th ra phng t ghi chp v n n sn phm ca nhng phn ng ha hc m ng

thc hin. Holmes cng c mt thi quen xu l s dng cocaine v morphine. Ngoi ra ng cng l ngi nghin thuc l nng v ni ting vi hnh nh va suy lun v v n va ngm tu thuc.

Trong cc tc phm, Holmes lun t ra l mt ngi lnh lng v th vi mi th

khng lin quan n v n. Trong khi iu tra, ng lun gi chui suy lun ca mnh m

ch ni ra nhng kt lun hoc nhng nhn xt kh hiu, ch sau khi v n c ph

Holmes mi tit l tt c nhng lp lun dn ti vic ph n. Holmes cng l ngi rt

can m, ng lun bnh thn xem xt hin trng cc v n tn bo v kinh khng, ng

khng cho php nhng iu m tn d oan (nh trong tiu thuyt Con ch sn ca

dng h Baskervilles) hay nhng tnh hung k d lm mnh khip s.

Tuy c v l ngi c c, lnh lng v v cm, Holmes thc ra li rt gii trong

vic nhn xt v cm xc ca ngi i din, ng c th xoa du v lm an lng nhng

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khch hng ang gp khng hong v tm l. Holmes cng chi rt thn vi bc s

Watson v c l cng tng c tnh cm vi mt ngi ph n, l b Irene Adler trong truyn ngn A Scandal in Bohemia (V tai ting x Bohemia).

Hiu bit v k nng

Knh lp, tu thuc v chic m ca Holmes Bo tng Sherlock Holmes, Lun n

Ngay trong tc phm u tin, A Study in Scarlet (Chic nhn tnh c), bc s Watson lit k theo suy on ca ng nhng hiu bit v k nng m Holmes c:

Hiu bit v vn hc: Khng.

Hiu bit v thin vn: Khng.

Hiu bit v chnh tr: Yu.

Hiu bit v thc vt: Ln xn. Am hiu thuc phin v cc loi cht c ni

chung. Hon ton khng bit g v ngh lm vn.

Hiu bit v a cht: C nhng hiu bit thc t, nhng hn ch. Thot nhn

c th phn bit c ngay cc loi t khc nhau.

Hiu bit v ha hc: Su sc.

Hiu bit v gii phu: Chnh xc nhng khng c h thng.

Hiu bit v cc tin tc git gn: Rt tt. ng t ra bit mi chi tit ca mi

s kin khng khip tng xy ra trong vng mt th k.

Chi violin hay.

Chuyn gia u kim, quyn Anh v nh gy.

Vn dng thnh tho lut php Anh.

Trong cc tc phm tip theo, c th thy danh sch trn l khng chnh xc, v d

bc s Watson cho rng Holmes t hiu bit v chnh tr ng thi, nhng trong truyn

ngn V tai ting x Bohemia thm t ngay lp tc nhn ra a v tht ca ngi gi

lm Cng tc von Kramm.

Ngoi ra Holmes nghin cu rt su nhng mn cn thit cho vic ph n. ng rt

gii trong vic gii cc loi mt m. ng cng l bc thy v ci trang, Holmes c th bin thnh mt thy th nh trong The Sign of Four (Du hiu b t), ngi nghin thuc phin trong The Man with the Twisted Lip (Ngi n ng mi tr), hay mt linh mc gi trong V n cui cng. Vi mt chic knh lp, Holmes c th suy on nhn dng ca th phm t nhng du vt li nh vt chn, vt giy dp, vt bnh xe v

tn thuc (Holmes c th phn bit hu ht cc loi thuc c ht ch t tn thuc

li).

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Hn na, c gi cn c bit, Sherlock Holmes l ngi gan d, v c bit l

rt mnh khe. ng lun dm i mt vi nhng him nguy, t mnh khm ph cc b

n cht ngi m khng my may nao nng. Trong mt tp "Di bng lm m",

Sherlock Holmes t ra khng e d g trc mt g con n da nt v b cong

thanh ci than vn rt cng trong vn phng ca Holmes. Nhng ng vn ti ci, v

sau khi v khch i khi, ng d dng "vut" thng li thanh ci than.

Suy lun kiu Holmes

Trong tp Chic nhn tnh c, Holmes c vit mt tiu lun theo "T mt git

nc, mt ngi suy lun logic c th nu c kh nng l mt git nc i Ty Dng hay mt git nc t thc Niagara". Nhng v n do Holmes iu tra thng bt u vi vic ng th hin kh nng suy lun tuyt vi ca mnh nh on ra thn

th v ngh nghip ca khch hng m khng cn hi thng tin t h.

Phng php suy lun ca Holmes thng l i t nhng chng c quan st c

n ngha ca nhng chng c , tc l "Nu c A th c B". V d trong truyn

ngn V tai ting x Bohemia, sau khi nhn thy Watson, Holmes suy lun c rng

ng ny mi b t sng v c mt c hu gi vng v v bt cn nht trn i, ng

gii thch cho lp lun ca mnh nh sau:

Pha bn trong lp da chic giy bn tri ca bc s Watson c su vt xc

gn nh song song. R rng l nhng vt xc gy ra do mt ngi bt

cn khi ch xt xung quanh mp gt giy lau bn.

Ngi lau giy cho bc s ch c th l ngi hu gi ca ng.

Ngi lau bn m li nhng vt xc nh vy hn phi l ngi bt cn

v vng v.

i giy c nhiu bn n mc phi lau nh vy ch c th l ngi mang

n va phi i trong thi tit gi lnh v m t.

y "A" l nhng vt xc nhn thy trn i giy ca bc s Watson, cn "B" l

vic ng ny b t v ngi hu gi bt cn.

S thnh cng trong suy lun ca Holmes cng cn do ng c phng php nghin

cu hin trng v n rt khoa hc v cn thn, v do ng rt am hiu nhng lnh vc

lin quan nh php y hay cht c. Theo Holmes, nhng kt lun logic ca ng thc ra

l "n gin" v "hin nhin". iu quan trng trong nhng suy lun ca Holmes l phi

trit tiu c cng nhiu kh nng xy ra cng tt. Bc s Watson i khi cng th p

dng phng php ny nhng ng thng sai trong hu ht cc trng hp.

when you have eliminated the impossible whatever remains, however improbable,

must be the truth (Sau khi gt b ra ngoi tt c nhng trng hp khng th no xy ra c, th gi thit cn li, du l bp bnh, thiu c s n u chng na, cng

phi l s tht).

Cho n nm 2007, cc t chc an ninh MI5 v tnh bo MI6 ca Anh vn dy phng php suy lun ny cho nhn vin ca h

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Tc phm

Tc phm ca Conan Doyle

Chic nhn tnh c, n bn 1887

Tiu thuyt

Chic nhn tnh c (A Study in Scarlet, 1887)

Du hiu b t (The Sign of the Four, 1890) (bn dch khc: Du b t)

Con ch sn ca dng h Baskervilles (The Hound of the Baskervilles, 1901)

Thung lng khng khip (The Valley of Fear, 1915)

Truyn ngn

Cc truyn ngn xut hin thng k trn cc bo v tp ch, sau c tng

hp trong 5 tp truyn ngn:

Nhng cuc phiu lu ca Sherlock Holmes, bao gm cc truyn xut bn

nm 18911892 trn t The Strand

Nhng hi c v Sherlock Holmes, bao gm cc truyn xut bn nm 1892

1893 trn t The Strand

Sherlock Holmes tr li, bao gm cc truyn xut bn nm 19031904 trn

t The Strand

Cung n sau cui (His Last Bow), bao gm cc truyn xut bn nm 19081913 v 1917

H s ca Sherlock Holmes, bao gm cc truyn xut bn nm 19211927

Tc phm khc

Do Sherlock Holmes tr nn rt ni ting vi c gi th gii, c rt nhiu v

kch v b phim c sng tc da trn nhng tc phm ca Conan Doyle v Holmes,

v mt ny c th so snh Holmes vi nhng nhn vt h cu ni ting khc nh Hamlet hay Dracula.

Sch K lc Guinness thng k Holmes l nhn vt in nh xut hin nhiu nht, vi s din xut ca 70 nam din vin khc nhau trong trn 200 b phim.

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nh hng

Sherlock Holmes c c gi hm m ti mc c rt nhiu hi nhng ngi

hm m ng c thnh lp, hi u tin c thnh lp nm 1934 M, sau l

Anh v an Mch. Nm 1990 ngi ta m Bo tng Sherlock Holmes ph Baker,

y l bo tng cho mt nhn vt h cu u tin c m trn th gii.

S ni ting ca Sherlock Holmes lm nhiu ngi lm tng rng nhng tc

phm ca Conan Doyle l m u cho dng vn hc trinh thm. Thc ra th tnh cch ca Holmes v phng php iu tra ca ng c Doyle ly cm hng t hai nhn

vt thm t C. Auguste Dupin v Monsieur Lecoq trong cc tc phm ca Edgar Allan Poe v mile Gaboriau. Sau Holmes, rt nhiu nhn vt thm t trong vn hc cng c phng php nghin cu tng t ng hoc l trch dn nhng cu ni ca Holmes

trong qu trnh iu tra ca mnh. Nhn vt truyn tranh Shinichi Kudo trong b truyn Thm t lng danh Conan thng xuyn trch dn nhng cu ni ca Holmes v thm ch cn ly tn gi theo tn ca Conan Doyle (Edogawa Conan).

Bc s Watson

Bin s nh 211b

Mycroft Holmes

Thanh tra Lestrade

Thanh tra Stanley Hopkins (ngi cm cha kha) vi Holmes v Watson

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James Moriarty

Holmes v Moriarty ri xung thc Reichenbach

Adam Worth-Napoleon ca ti c

Thc Reichenbach

i iu V Ngi Arthur Conan Doyle

Sir Arthur Conan Doyle

Cng vic Nh vn vit tiu thuyt, truyn ngn, nh th

Th loi Truyn trinh thm, tiu thuyt lch s, chuyn tht

Chu nh hng t

Edgar Allan Poe

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nh hng ti

Agatha Christie v cc tc gi truyn trinh thm khc

Sir Arthur Conan Doyle (22 thng 5 nm 1859 7 thng 7 nm 1930) l mt nh vn ngi Scotland ni ting vi tiu thuyt trinh thm Sherlock Holmes, tc phm

c cho l mt sng kin ln trong lnh vc tiu thuyt trinh thm. Cc tc phm ca

ng bao gm nhiu truyn khoa hc gi tng, tiu thuyt lch s, kch lch s, tiu

thuyt, th v bt k.

Conan xut pht l tn m nhng ng s dng nh mt phn ca h trong cc nm sau ny ca mnh.

Cuc i

Arthur Conan Doyle sinh ngy 22 thng 5 nm 1859 ti Edinburgh, trong mt gia

nh Ireland, b l Charles Altamont Doyle v m l Mary Doyle. ng c gi ti

trng d b Dng Tn C c gio St Marys Hall, Stonyhurst khi ln chn. Sau ng

vo Trng Stonyhurst, nhng khi ng ri trng nm 1875, ng chi b Thin

cha gio tr thnh mt ngi theo thuyt bt kh tri.

T 1876 ti 1881 ng hc ngnh y ti i hc Edinburgh, gm c mt giai on lm

vic ti th trn Aston (nay l mt qun ca Birmingham). Sau khi hc ti trng, ng

tr thnh bc s trn mt con tu ti b bin Ty Phi, v sau vo nm 1882 ng lp

mt phng khm ti Plymouth. ng hon thnh lun n tin s v Tabes Dorsalis nm

1885[1].

Phng khm ca ng khng thnh cng lm: trong khi ch bnh nhn, ng bt u

vit truyn. Tiu thuyt u tin ca ng c ng trn t Chambers's Edinburgh

Journal khi ng cha ti 20 tui.

Ch sau khi di phng khm v Portsmouth Doyle mi bt u theo ui vn hc

mt cch ng ngha hn. Tc phm ng ch u tin ca ng l A Study in Scarlet

(Mt cuc nghin cu v Mu hay "Chic nhn tnh c"), xut hin trong cun

Beeton's Christmas Annual nm 1887 v l ln xut hin u tin ca nhn vt

Sherlock Holmes, ngi c ly hnh mu mt phn theo cu gio s i hc ca

Conan Doyle l Joseph Bell. Ngc nhin, Rudyard Kipling chc mng thnh cng

ca Conan Doyle, v hi "ng c th tr thnh bn ti khng, Bc s Joe?". Tuy nhin,

Sherlock Holmes c phng theo nhn vt C. Auguste Dupin ca Edgar Allan Poe

nhiu hn. Khi sng ti Southsea ng gip thnh lp Portsmouth AFC, cu lc b

bng u tin ca thnh ph. Mt chuyn hoang ng thng thy cho rng

Conan Doyle chi ti Portsmouth F.C. vi t cch th mn s 1; tuy nhin, Conan

Doyle chi cho mt cu lc b nghip d gii tn nm 1894 v khng c lin h vi

Portsmouth F.C. ngy nay vn ch c thnh lp vo nm 1898 (th mn u tin ca

i bng chuyn nghip l Matt Reilly).

Nm 1885 ng ci Louisa (hay Louise) Hawkins, c gi l "Touie", ngi b

bnh lao v cui cng mt nm 1906[2]. ng ci Jean Leckie nm 1907, ngi ng

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gp ln u v yu trong cng nm 1897 nhng vn duy tr quan h thun khit vi b

v chung thu vi ngi v u tin. Conan Doyle c nm con, hai ngi vi v u

(Mary v Kingsley), v ba ngi vi v sau (Jean, Denis v Adrian).

Tng Arthur Conan Doyle Crowborough

Nm 1890 Conan Doyle hc v mt ti Wien; ng ti London nm 1891 lp mt phng khm nhn khoa. ng vit trong tiu s ca mnh rng khng mt bnh nhn no ti phng khm ca ng. iu ny gip ng c nhiu thi gian hn trong vit lch

v vo thng 11 nm 1891 ng vit cho m: "Con ngh ti vic git Holmes... v gii

quyt hn ta vnh vin. Hn khin u c con khng th suy ngh c." M ng tr

li "Con c th lm iu con cho l ng, nhng c gi s khng d dng ng

u." Thng 12 nm 1893, ng lm vic c th dnh nhiu thi gian cho

nhng cng vic "quan trng" hn (tc l nhng tiu thuyt lch s).

Holmes v Moriarty dng nh cng nhau ri xung mt thc nc v cht trong chuyn "Vn Cui cng" (The Final Problem). Nhng li ku gi ca cng chng

khin ng phi a nhn vt tr li; Conan Doyle quay li vi chuyn The Adventure of

the Empty House (Cuc Phiu lu ca Cn nh Hoang), vi li gii thch rng ch

Moriarty ri xung thc, nhng, bi v Holmes cn c nhiu k th nguy him khc, anh

ta phi thu xp mt ci "cht" gi. Holmes cui cng xut hin trong tng cng 56 truyn ngn v bn tiu thuyt ca Conan Doyle (t anh ta cng xut hin trong nhiu tiu thuyt v truyn ngn ca cc tc gi khc).

Sau Chin tranh Boer ti Nam Phi u th k 20 v s ln n ca th gii vi cch hnh x ca Vng quc Anh, Conan Doyle vit mt cun sch mng vi ta

Cuc chin ti Nam Phi: Nguyn nhn v Din bin bo cha cho vai tr ca Anh Quc trong chin tranh Boer, v c dch ra nhiu th ting.

Conan Doyle tin rng chnh cun sch ny gip ng c phong tc hip s v

c ch nh lm Thiu u Surrey nm 1902. ng cng vit mt cun sch di hn The Great Boer War (Cuc chin tranh Boer v i) nm 1900. Trong nhng nm u th k 20 Sir Arthur hai ln ra tranh c ngh vin vi t cch thnh vin ng Cng on T do, mt ln ti Edinburgh v mt ln ti Hawick Burghs, nhng d nhn c s phiu bu kh ln ng vn khng trng c.

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Ba cun Th gii mt, n bn u tin 1912

Conan Doyle tham gia vo hai chin dch ku gi ci cch Bang T do Congo, do nh bo E. D. Morel v nh ngoi giao Roger Casement lnh o. ng vit The Crime of the Congo (Ti c ca Congo) nm 1909, mt cun sch kh di trong ng t co nhng s khng khip ti Congo. ng tr nn thn thuc vi Morel v Casement,

ly cm hng t h to ra hai nhn vt chnh cho tiu thuyt The Lost World (Th gii mt, 1912).

ng ct t quan h vi c hai ngi khi Morel (ngi thin t) tr thnh mt trong

nhng lnh o ca phong tro ho bnh trong Th chin th nht, v khi Casement tha nhn phn quc chng nc Anh trong cuc Ni dy Phc sinh. Conan Doyle th sc, khng thnh cng cu Casement khi ti t hnh, cho rng ng ta tr nn in v khng th chu trch nhim v hnh vi ca mnh.

Conan Doyle cng l ngi nhit tnh ng h cng l, v ch thn iu tra hai v

vic c phn quyt, dn ti vic phng thch hai ngi b b t. V u tin,

nm 1906, lin quan ti mt lut s nht nht lai Anh-n tn l George Edalji, ngi c cho l vit nhng bc th e da v xo cc b phn ng vt. Cnh st tin

chc vo ti li ca Edalji, thm ch khi nhiu v ct xo khc vn tip tc xy ra khi

ngi b tnh nghi ngi khm.

Mt phn nh kt qu v ny m Ta phc thm Hnh s c thnh lp nm 1907, v th Conan Doyle khng ch gip George Edalji, cng vic ca ng gip thnh lp

mt cch thc sa cha nhng sai lm khc ca cng l. Cu chuyn ca Conan Doyle v Edalji c k li di hnh thc vn hc trong tiu thuyt ca Arthur & George nm 2005.

V th hai, lin quan ti Oscar Slater, mt ngi c gc Do Thi v l ngi iu hnh sng bc b cho l dng di cui nh mt ph n 82 tui ti Glasgow nm 1908, v ny li cun s t m ca Conan Doyle v nhng mu thun trong qu

trnh khi t v cm gic chung ca mi ngi cho rng Slater b ci by.

Sau ci cht ca v l Louisa nm 1906, v ci cht ca con trai Kingsley, anh/em

trai, hai ngi anh/em h, v hai ngi chu gi trong Th chin th nht, Conan Doyle ri vo tnh trng suy nhc. ng tm s an i trong thuyt duy linh v ci gi l bng chng khoa hc v s tn ti ca th gii bn kia.

Conan Doyle tr nn quan tm ti Thuyt duy linh ti mc ng vit mt tiu

thuyt vi nhn vt Gio s Challenger v ch ny, tiu thuyt Vng t b n. Mt trong nhng iu k quc giai on ny trong cuc i ng l cun sch The Coming

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of the Fairies (1921). R rng ng hon ton tin vo s c tht ca nhng bc nh

tin Cottingley, v ng in li chng trong cun sch ca mnh, cng vi cc gi

thuyt v t nhin v s tn ti ca nhng nng tin cng nh nhng linh hn. Trong

cun sch Lch s Thuyt duy linh (1926) Conan Doyle cao nhng hin tng

tm linh v s hin thc ha linh hn do Eusapia Palladino v Mina "Margery" Crandon

to ra, da trn nhng cuc nghin cu cc nh khoa hc la bp v nhng thy ph

thy mong mun gp nhng hin tng tm linh v t chi lng nghe nhng nh khoa

hc v thy ph thy c quan im thn trng hn.[3]

S ch tm ca ng trn ch ny l mt trong nhng nguyn nhn khin mt

truyn ngn trong tp truyn, Nhng cuc phiu lu ca Sherlock Holmes ca ng b

cm ti Lin bang X vit nm 1929 v b cho rng tuyn truyn thuyt thn b. Lnh

cm ny sau c d b. Din vin Nga Vasily Livanov sau ny nhn c

mt ngh t ch Anh ng vai Sherlock Holmes.

Conan Doyle tng l bn trong mt thi gian vi o thut gia M Harry Houdini, mt

gng mt quan trng ca phong tro duy linh. D Houdini nhn mnh rng nhng

ngi theo thuyt duy linh s dng tr bp (v lin tc tm cch lt mt h), Conan

Doyle tr nn tin tng rng chnh Houdini s hu nhng nng lc siu nhin, mt

quan im c th hin trong cun The Edge of the Unknown ca ng. Houdini r

rng khng th thuyt phc Conan Doyle rng nhng tr biu din ca ng ch n

gin l nhng mu mo o thut, dn thi mt s hiu lm cay ng gia hai ngi.

Doyle hon ton chong vng khi Houdini li ngn ci ca mnh ra v thay th n[3].

Richard Milner, mt nh lch s khoa hc M, trnh by mt trng hp m

Conan Doyle c th l th phm gy ra tr bp Piltdown man nm 1912, to ra ha

thch ngi gi mo khin gii khoa hc th gii si sc trong hn 40 nm. Milner ni

rng Conan Doyle c ng c hnh ng, c cho l tr th vic nhng nh khoa

hc vch trn nhng iu tm linh m ng tin tng, v rng cun Th gii mt

cha nhiu bng chng kiu mt m v s lin quan ca ng ti tr bp .[4].

Cun sch Naked is the Best Disguise nm 1974 ca Samuel Rosenberg c mc

ch gii thch ti sao, xuyn sut cc tc phm ca mnh, Conan Doyle li cc du

vt m lin quan ti nhng kha cnh n giu v b km nn ca tnh trng tinh thn ca

ng.

Cht

Conan Doyle c tm thy ang m cht ngc trong vn nh ngy 7 thng 7 nm

1930. ng mt mt thi gian ngn sau v nhi mu c tim tui 71, v c chn

trong Vn Nh th ti Minstead New Forest, Hampshire, Anh. Nhng li cui cng

ng dnh cho v: "Em tht tuyt vi."

Undershaw, ngi nh Conan Doyle xy gn Hindhead, pha ty London, v sng

ti t nht mt thp k tr thnh mt khch sn v nh hng t nm 1924 ti tn

nm 2004. Sau n c mt nh nhip nh mua li, v trng t bi nhng

ngi hm m Conan Doyle mun bo tn n.[2]

http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nh%E1%BB%AFng_n%C3%A0ng_ti%C3%AAn_Cottingley&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=T%C3%A2m_linh&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eusapia_Palladino&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mina_Crandon&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Conan_Doyle#cite_note-Houdini-2http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nh%E1%BB%AFng_cu%E1%BB%99c_phi%C3%AAu_l%C6%B0u_c%E1%BB%A7a_Sherlock_Holmes&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%AAn_bang_X%C3%B4_vi%E1%BA%BFthttp://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thuy%E1%BA%BFt_th%E1%BA%A7n_b%E1%BB%8B&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vasily_Livanov&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C4%90%E1%BB%81_ngh%E1%BB%8B_t%E1%BB%AB_%C4%90%E1%BA%BF_ch%E1%BA%BF_Anh&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sherlock_Holmeshttp://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Harry_Houdini&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Conan_Doyle#cite_note-Houdini-2http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Richard_Milner&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%E1%BB%B9http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Piltdown_man&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B3a_th%E1%BA%A1chhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B3a_th%E1%BA%A1chhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Dihttp://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Th%E1%BA%BF_gi%E1%BB%9Bi_%C4%91%C3%A3_m%E1%BA%A5t_%28Arthur_Conan_Doyle%29&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Conan_Doyle#cite_note-3http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Naked_is_the_Best_Disguise&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Samuel_Rosenberg&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nh%E1%BB%93i_m%C3%A1u_c%C6%A1_timhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Minstead&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=New_Forest&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hampshire&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anhhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Undershaw&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hindhead&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Conan_Doyle#cite_note-Leeman-1

Mt bc tng c dng ln vinh danh Sir Arthur Conan Doyle ti

Crowborough Cross Crowborough, East Sussex, Anh, ni Sir Arthur sng 23 nm.

Cng c mt bc tng Sherlock Holmes ti Picardy Place, Edinburgh, Scotland-gn

ngi nh ni Conan Doyle ra i.

http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Crowborough&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=East_Sussex&action=edit&redlink=1

Cc tc phm chn lc

Cc truyn v Sherlock Holmes

Chic nhn tnh c (1887) Du b t (1890) Nhng cuc phiu lu ca Sherlock Holmes (1892) Nhng hi c v Sherlock Holmes (1894) Con ch sn ca dng h Baskervilles (1902) Sherlock Holmes tr v (1904) Thung lng khng khip (1914) Cung n sau cui (1917) Tng th ca Sherlock Holmes (1927)

Cc truyn v Gio s Challenger

The Lost World (1912) The Poison Belt (1913) The Land of Mists (1926) The Disintegration Machine (1927) When the World Screamed (1928)

Cc tiu thuyt lch s

The White Company (1891) Micah Clarke (1888) The Great Shadow (1892) The Refugees (publ. 1893, written 1892) Rodney Stone (1896) Uncle Bernac (1897) Sir Nigel (1906)

Cc tc phm khc

"J. Habakuk Jephson's Statement" (1883), mt cu chuyn v s phn con

tu Mary Celeste

Mystery of Cloomber (1889) The Captain of the Polestar, and other tales (1890) The Doings Of Raffles Haw (1891) Beyond the City (1892) Round The Red Lamp (1894)

http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chi%E1%BA%BFc_nh%E1%BA%ABn_t%C3%ACnh_c%E1%BB%9D&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=D%E1%BA%A5u_b%E1%BB%99_t%E1%BB%A9&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nh%E1%BB%AFng_cu%E1%BB%99c_phi%C3%AAu_l%C6%B0u_c%E1%BB%A7a_Sherlock_Holmes&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nh%E1%BB%AFng_h%E1%BB%93i_%E1%BB%A9c_v%E1%BB%81_Sherlock_Holmes&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Con_ch%C3%B3_s%C4%83n_c%E1%BB%A7a_d%C3%B2ng_h%E1%BB%8D_Baskervilles&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sherlock_Holmes_tr%E1%BB%9F_v%E1%BB%81&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thung_l%C5%A9ng_kh%E1%BB%A7ng_khi%E1%BA%BFp&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cung_%C4%91%C3%A0n_sau_cu%E1%BB%91i&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=T%C3%A0ng_th%C6%B0_c%E1%BB%A7a_Sherlock_Holmes&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Lost_World_%28Arthur_Conan_Doyle%29&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Poison_Belt&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Land_of_Mists&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Disintegration_Machine&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=When_the_World_Screamed&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_White_Company&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Micah_Clarke&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Great_Shadow&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Refugees&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rodney_Stone&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Uncle_Bernac&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sir_Nigel&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=J._Habakuk_Jephson%27s_Statement&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Celestehttp://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mystery_of_Cloomber&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Captain_of_the_Polestar,_and_other_tales&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Doings_Of_Raffles_Haw&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Round_The_Red_Lamp&action=edit&redlink=1

The Parasite (1894) The Stark Munro Letters (1895) Songs of Action (1898) The Tragedy of The Korosko (1898) A Duet (1899) The Great Boer War (1900) The Exploits of Brigadier Gerard (1903) Through the Magic Door (1907) The Crime of the Congo (1909) The New Revelation (1918) The Vital Message (1919) Tales of Terror & Mystery (1923) The History of Spiritualism (1926) The Maracot Deep (1929)

http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Parasite&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Stark_Munro_Letters&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Songs_of_Action&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Tragedy_of_The_Korosko&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=A_Duet&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Great_Boer_War&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Brigadier_Gerard&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Through_the_Magic_Door&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Crime_of_the_Congo&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_New_Revelation&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Vital_Message&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tales_of_Terror_%26_Mystery&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_History_of_Spiritualism&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Maracot_Deep&action=edit&redlink=1

A - Tiu Thuyt A.1 : A Study in Scarlet 1887 (Chic

nhn tnh c)

Chng 1: Lm quen vi Sherlock Holmes

Nm 1878, ti tt nghip ti trng i hc Y London, sau n Netley d kha tu

nghip dnh cho cc bc s qun y. Hc xong, ti c b nhim v trung on b

binh Northumberland s 5, khi y ang ng ti n . Ti cha kp ti n v ca

mnh th cuc chin tranh Afghanistan ln th hai bng n. t chn ln Bombay, ti

c bit n v v ti c Kandahar an ton. Ti y, ti gp trung on ca mnh.

Ti b chuyn sang trung on Berkshires v tham d trn nh Maiwand. Trong

trn ny, ti b thng vai, nu khng c ngi lnh hu xc ti ln nga v a v

pha sau chin tuyn, th ti ri vo tay qun ch ri. Kit sc, ti c a v

bnh vin hu phng Peshawar. Ti y, ti bnh phc dn, v lc c th ra si

nng ngoi hin, th li b thng hn. Trong hng thng tri, ngi ta ra sc cu sng

ti; n ngy khi bnh, ti gy yu n ni Cc qun y phi a ti v Anh lp tc.

Mt thng sau, ti t chn ln bn cng Portsmouth, chnh ph cho ti ngh chn thng

ly li sc.

V khng c b con Anh nn ti c t do nh gi tri, vi 11 shillings 6 pence

mi ngy. Trong tnh cnh , ti b thu ht v London vi mt sc mnh khng cng

li ni. y, ti sng t lu ti mt khch sn, nhng chng bao lu ti thy mnh nn

i tm mt nh tr xuynh xong v tn km hn.

ng vo hm ti i n quyt nh ny, khi ang mt qun ru th bng c

ngi v vai ti. Ngonh li, ti nhn ra Stamford, mt thanh nin trc y lm y t

di quyn ti. Trc y, ti cha bao gi tht thn vi Stamford nhng by gi ti

v vp cho n anh ta v gp ti, Stamford xem chng cng hoan h lm, ti mi anh

ta i n tra ti khch sn. Chng ti gi xe nga, v trong lc chic xe chy, Stamford

hi ti:

- Do ny ra sao? Trng anh gy qu.

Ti phc qua vi nt v nhng bc thng trm ca mnh. Chuyn va xong th xe

cng ti qun n.

- Khn kh! Th anh tnh sao by gi?

- Ti nh tm mt ni tin nghi vi mt ci gi phi chng.

- L tht! Anh l ngi th hai trong ngy hm nay ng vi ti ci y.

- Ai l ngi th nht?

- Mt anh chng lm vic ti phng th nghim ha hc bnh vin. Sng nay, anh

ta phn nn l khng tm c ai chung hu gim c mt na tin thu nh.

- Ti cng vy. Ti ngh chung hay hn mt mnh.

Stamford cm ly ru, nhn ti vi mt v kh hiu:

- Anh cha bit Sherlock Holmes. C th anh s khng thch anh ta.

- Anh ta c g ng ch trch?

- ! Anh ta c nhng kin hi k quc. Anh ta nghin cu say m cung nhit mt

vi ngnh khoa hc. Cn ngoi ra, anh ta l mt ngi lch s, ng mc.

- Sinh vin Y khoa?

- Khng, ti khng hiu anh ta nh hc ci g; rt gii v gii phu, v ha hc,

nhng cha h theo hc mt lp hc chnh quy no. Anh ta hc theo li cc nhy, song

trong nhiu lnh vc, anh ta thu nhp c mt s vn hiu bit rng ln n ni

cc gio s phi kinh ngc.

- Anh khng hi anh ta nh theo ngnh ngh no sao?

- l mt con ngi khng d khi chuyn, tuy rng nhng khi cao hng, anh ta

cng thch chuyn tr.

- Nu phi chung vi ai, ti mun l mt ngi ham hc v yn tnh. Hin nay

ti cha khe nn rt s ting n. Ti gp bn anh bng cch no?

- Anh ta hin ang phng th nghim. n xong, chng ta s i n y.

Trn ng i, Stamford cho ti bit thm mt vi chi tit na v Sherlock Holmes.

- V Holmes, ti khng bit g hn ngoi nhng iu ti hiu qua cc bui gp g ti

phng th nghim. Chnh anh xut kin chung, may nh ri chu y nh!

- Nu khng hp, chng ti s chia tay nhau. Nhng, hnh nh c mt l do no

khin anh mun phi tay khi vic ny. Tnh tnh ngi y kh chu n vy ?

- Khng d din t c ci khng th din t ni. Sherlock Holmes c tnh tnh

gn nh lnh lng, st . Anh ta rt c th cho mt ngi bn ung th mt nhm

alkaloide thc vt loi mi nht, khng phi v c c m ch v mun bit hiu lc ca

cht c y nh th no. Cng bng m ni, ti tin rng bn thn anh ta cng c th s

dng th mt th mt cch st sng khng km.

- Th th rt tt ch sao?

- ng, nhng vic ly gy nh vo xc cht, th phi ni l qui g.

- Anh ta nh xc cht?

- Phi, xem ngi ta c th gy ra nhng thng tch nh th no trn c th

mt ngi cht. Chnh mt ti nhn thy anh ta lm nh th.

- Vy m hi ny anh ni Holmes khng hc ngnh Y?

- Khng m! M thi, ta n ni ri, anh t nh gi nhn vt y.

Chng ti i theo mt li hp, qua chic ca ph nh, bc vo m nh ca khu

bnh vin ln. Gn cui hnh lang c mt li r nh, dn n phng th nghim ha

hc. y l mt gian phng cao, cc gi trn tng y chai l. y c my ci

bn rng v thp, mt bn b bn nhng bnh c cong, ng nghim, n hi vi ngn

la xanh l. Trong phng ch c mi mt ngi ang chi mi xung mt chic bn.

Nghe ting chn chng ti, anh ta o mt nhn quanh ri reo ln mt ting v vi v

ng ln.

- Ti tm ra ri! Ti tm ra ri! - Anh ta reo ln vi Stamford v hp tp i v pha

chng ti, tay cm mt ng nghim - Ti tm ra mt thuc th c c tnh lm kt ta

huyt cu t m khng lm kt ta bt k cht no khc.

Gi nh anh ta c thy mt m vng th s vui mng cng ch n th l cng.

Stamford gii thiu:

- y l bc s Watson, y l ng Sherlock Holmes.

Holmes thn mt bt tay ti vi mt sc mnh m ti khng ngh c th c anh ta.

- Cho ng, ng Afghanistan v, phi khng?

- Lm sao ng bit? - Ti kinh ngc hi li.

- C g u. Ci iu quan trng by gi l huyt cu t. Chc ng hiu c pht

minh ca ti c tm quan trng nh th no ch?

- Mt pht minh l th v mt ha hc, nhng v mt thc t...

- ng ni l! y l pht minh c gi tr thc tin nht t bao nhiu nm nay trong

ngnh php y. ng khng thy l n gip ta xc nh mt cch khng th nhm ln

nhng vt mu ? Mi ng li gn y! - Trong lc ho hng, anh ta nm ly tay o ti,

ko li chic bn anh ta ang lm vic. - Ta ly mt t mu ti nh. - Va ni anh ta

va ly kim m vo u ngn tay, nn ra mt git mu v ly ng ht ht - By gi, ti

ha cht xu mu ny vo mt lt nc. ng thy hn hp y trng y nh nc, t l

ca mu trong khng th qu mt phn triu. Du vy, ti hon ton tin chc ta s

c c phn ng c trng.

Ni xong, Holmes th vo trong bnh mt vi tinh th trng ri rt thm vi git cht

lng trong sut. Mt pht sau, hn hp trong bnh chuyn thnh mu g v mt th bi

mu nu nht kt ta di y bnh.

- Ha! Ha! ng ni sao? - Holmes v tay reo ln.

- Theo ti, y l mt cch th rt tinh t.

- Tuyt vi! Cch th c vi cht guaiacone va th kch va khng chc. Cch

tm cc tiu th mu trn knh hin vi cng vy, vi li ch cn vt mu lu mt vi

gi l phng thc khng p dng c. Cn phng php ny, th lc no cng

hiu nghim, d vi mu c hay mu ti.

- Qu vy!- Ti lm bm.

- Nhng v n hnh s nhiu khi ch cn mc khu ny m thi. Mt k b nghi

nhng tay vo mt v n mng xy ra trc c khi hng thng. Xem xt qun o

hn, ngi ta pht hin ra nhng vt mu nu nh nh. y c phi l nhng vt mu

khng, hay l vt bn, vt g st, vt nha tri cy. Cn by gi c phn ng ha

hc ny, vic xc nh kia khng cn kh khn g na.

i mt Holmes ngi ln trong khi ni, v tay phi t ln ngc tri, anh ta ci gp

ngi nh cho p li nhng ngi ngng m tng tng ca mnh.

- ng tht ng c biu dng. - Ti ph ha.

- Ti c th k vi ng n hai chc v n qua m phn ng ca ti c th ng

vai tr quyt nh.

- ng khc no mt quyn nin gim hnh s sng. ng c th ra mt t bo c

y, ly tn l Nhng v n hnh s trong qu kh. - Stamford ci ni.

- V s l mt t bo rt b ch. - Holmes tip li trong khi dn mt ming bng

dnh ln vt kim chm va ri u ngn tay. Anh ta quay sang ti gii thch - Phi cn

thn nh vy v ti thao tc kh nhiu loi cht c.

Stamford ngi xung mt chic gh u ba chn, y mt chic khc v pha ti,

bn vo vic:

- ng bn ti y ang tm ch . Thy ng phn nn l khng kim c ai

chung nn ti thy khng c g tt hn l hai ngi tip xc vi nhau.

Holmes c v bng lng ni:

- Ti tm c my cn phng ph Baker, rt thch hp cho chng ta. Ti mong

rng ng khng s mi thuc l nng.

- Ti cng ht mt th thuc rt nng.

- Th th c ri. Ti quan tm nhiu n ha hc v i khi phi lm nhng th

nghim ti nh. iu c phin ng khng?

- Hon ton khng.

- Xem no! Ti cn tt xu no na khng? i khi ti lm l, my ngy lin khng

h rng ni mt li no. Nhng khi nh vy, c mc ti, chng bao lu ti s li vui

v. Cn ng, ng c iu g cn ni khng?

- Ti cng c mt vi c tt nh. Ti khng thch n o. Ti dy vo nhng gi rt

khc thng, ngoi ra ti rt li nhc. Khi khe mnh, ti li c mt lot nhng tnh

xu nho nh khc. Hin thi, l nhng nt chnh.

- Trong ch n o c gp c ting n v cm khng?

- Ting n ca ngi chi gii ch lm cho ngi nghe khoan khoi, chi ti th...

- , th th c ri! - Holmes ci vui v - Nh vy l n tha, ngha l nu nh

ng ng ch .

- Khi no th ta i xem?

- Mi hai gi tra mai, mi ng n y, chng ta cng i xem.

- Xin ng hn, mi hai gi tra mai. - Ti ni v bt tay anh.

Chng ti anh lm vic tip v tr v khch sn. Ti bng dng li, quay sang

hi Stamford:

- Ny, lm th no m anh ta bit l ti Afghanistan v nh?

- Anh ta khc ngi l ch .

Ti xoa hai tay vo nhau:

- , mt iu b mt ? Th v tht! Ti rt cm n anh cho ti c dp tip xc vi

anh ta. Nh anh bit y, i tng trong cng cuc nghin cu ca loi ngi chnh

l con ngi.

- Th th anh phi nghin cu anh ta i thi. Thi xin tm bit nh.

- Xin tm bit.

Chng 2: Suy on , mt mn khoa hc

Nh hn, ngy hm sau chng ti cng n thm cn h s nh 221B ph

Baker. Cn h gm hai phng ng tin nghi v mt phng lm vic rng ln, thong

mt, c by bin vui mt, nh sng bn ngoi ri vo qua hai khung ca s ln.

Cn h va chng ti lm v gi c cng va ti tin. Chng ti nhn ngay. Ti hm

y, ti mang c n v sng hm sau, Holmes cng chuyn n vi nhiu hm

xing v va-li. Sau hai ngy u bn sp xp ni n chn cho thun tin, chng ti

nhanh chng quen dn vi ch mi.

Holmes sng yn tnh vi nhng np sinh hot u n. Khng my khi anh cn

thc sau mi gi ti v sng no khi ti dy, anh cng n sng v i u ri. i

khi anh l c ngy trong phng th nghim, khi khc th trong cc phng phu tch,

v thnh thong c nhng ngy anh n nhng khu ph nhp nha nht trong thnh

ph. Nhng thnh thong anh nm di trn chic i-vng trong phng lm vic my

ngy lin, sut t sng n ti khng h rng ni mt li no v hu nh khng c mt

c ng no. S quan tm v t m ban u ca ti mun bit mc ch cc cng vic

ca anh mi ngy mi thi thc ti hn.

Vc ngi anh nhnh hn mt mt tm mi nhng mnh khnh cho nn trng c

v cao hn th nhiu. i mt sc so lamh li, cng vi sng mi thanh mnh, hi

khom khin cho nt mt mang mt v nhanh nhn v quyt on. Ci cm vung cha

ra pha trc t ra y l mt con ngi kin quyt. Anh khng theo hc mt lp no

kh d em li cho anh mt bng cp trong bt k mt lnh vc khoa hc no . Tuy

vy, s say m nghin cu ca anh trong mt s lnh vc tht l c bit; n ni

nhng kin ca anh lm ti rt i kinh ngc. Nhng ngi t hc theo li cc nhy

khng my khi c nhng tri thc c bit chnh xc.

Mt dt nt ca anh cng c sc khng km g mt thng thi ca anh. V nn vn

ha ng thi, trit hc v chnh tr, xem chng Sherlock Holmes bit rt t. S kinh

ngc ca ti ln n tt nh khi ti pht hin ra Holmes khng bit nhiu v hc thuyt

Copernic v cu to ca h Mt tri.

- Anh ngc nhin ? Khi bit l thuyt y ri, ti s ra sc qun n i.

- Qun n i?

- B c con ngi ban u nh mt gian phng trng rng, ta s phi xp vo y

nhng c ta thch. K ngu ngc chng cht vo trong mi th linh tinh n

ni cc tri thc c th gip ch cho hn b bp di mt ng tri thc khc, n ni

khi cn, hn kh m li ra s dng c. Tri li, ngi th lnh ngh chn lc ht sc

cn thn nhng th xp vo trong gian bung y. Anh ta ch mun cha trong

nhng dng c c ch cho mnh trong cng vic; ci no ci ny sp t mt cch tht

ngn np. Tht l sai lm nu cho rng ci gian bung nh b y c nhng bc tng

co gin v n c th phnh ra v cng tn. Anh hy tin rng ri s n lc m mi khi ta

thu nhn c mt hiu bit mi ta s qun mt ci kin thc g c trong c. V

vy, ch c thu np nhng khi nim v ch. Chng ta s y i mt nhng iu c ch.

- Th nhng H Mt tri? - Ti phn i.

- N can g n ti? - Holmes cao ging - Nu chng ta xoay quanh mt trng th

cng vic ca ti c g khc u?

Ti toan hi anh cng vic l ci g vy, nhng dng iu anh bo cho ti bit

cu hi y khng c tip nhn. Tuy vy, ti suy ngh v bui ni chuyn ngn ngi

ny v c rt ra my iu suy on. Holmes ni vi ti rng anh khng mun thu thp

nhng hiu bit khng lin quan g n cng vic ca mnh. Vy th, tt c nhng tri

thc m anh c u c th gip ch cho anh. Ti thm lit k nhng lnh vc m anh

l cho thy anh thnh tho. Thm ch, ti ly bt ch ghi li nhng iu ra giy.

Lit k xong, ti khng khi mm ci. Bn nhn xt nh sau:

Sherlock Holmes; nng lc:

Hiu bit v vn hc: s khng

Hiu bit v trit hc: s khng

Hiu bit v thin vn hc: s khng

Hiu bit v chnh tr: yu.

Hiu bit v thc vt: Ti. Am hiu cht thuc phin v cc loi cht c ni chung.

Hon ton khng bit g v ngh lm vn.

Hiu bit v a cht: C nhng hiu bit thc t, nhng hn ch. Thot nhn ni

c ngay cc loi t khc nha

Hiu bit v ha hc: Rt su sc.

Hiu bit v gii phu: Chnh xc nhng khng c h thng.

Hiu bit v sch bo hnh s: Ht sc rng ln.

Chi n v cm: Tt.

Bc thy v ti ngh nh gy, quyn Anh, v u kim.

Vn dng thnh tho lut php nc Anh.

Ghi n y, thy ri nh t v, ti qung mnh giy vo la, ngh bng: Chng

hiu con ngi ny nhm vo mc ch g m ra sc pht trin mt s nng lc trn.

Mnh cng khng sao tm thy mt ngh no i hi tt c nhng nng lc y. Thi th

nh b cuc ngay thi, cho khi mt ngi.

Trong tun u, ti tng Holmes khng c my bn b. Nhng chng bao lu,

ti nhn ra anh quen bit rt rng. u tin, mt anh chng ngi nh b, da ti, mt

chot, mt en, n ba bn ln lin trong mt tun. Mt hm, c c gi n mc theo

thi trang n vo bui sng v chi chng mt gi. Ngay chiu hm c thm ng

khch qun o xunh xong, tc hoa rm, dng dp nh mt ngi bn hng rong. V

tip theo l mt ph na cao tui, xng o rt cu th. Mt dp khc c mt ng

chng chc, tc bc trng ht c. Ri mt ngi phu khun vc nh ga trong b

ng phc bn vi nhung. Mi khi c khch n, Holmes yu cu ti cho anh c

s dng phng khch. Ln no anh cng khng qun xin li ti.

- Ti phi dng gian phng ny lm vic. H l khch hng ca ti.

l mt c hi hi thng xem cng vic ca anh ta l g, nhng tnh ti vn d

dt, nn li thi.

Hm y, ti dy sm hn thng l v nhn thy anh cha n xong ba sng.

Ngi phc v quen vi thi dy mun ca ti nn b t cha chun b cho ti. Ti

rung chung vi mt thi nng ny v bo b ta vi ging kh cc cn. Sau , ti

cm ly mt t bo git thi gi. Trn t bo c mt bi c nh du bng bt

ch. Di dng tt kh hunh hoang Cun sch cuc i, tc gi bi bo khoe l c

th i su vo nhng ngh thm kn nht ca con ngi, cn c vo mt v mt

thong qua, mt c ng ca c bp, mt nh mt vng trm.

Bi bo vit:

Ch t mt git nc, ngi gii suy lut c th suy ra kh nng ca mt i dng

hoc mt thc nc, tuy cha bao gi tn mt nhn thy chng. Nh vy, ton b cuc

sng l mt chui mt xch rng ln m ta c th bit bn cht ca n, nu ta bit c

mt mt xch. Nh tt c mi khoa hc khc, suy on v phn tch l mt khoa hc m

ta ch c th lm ch sau mt qun trnh nghin cu lu di, bn b. Ngi mi i vo

lnh vc ny nn bt u bng nhng vn s ng: gp bt k ai, ch bng vo s

quan st, ta hy c tm hiu tiu s, ngh nghip ca ngi y. Tuy c v u tr, nhng

thc ra s tp luyn ny rn gia cc kh nng quan st ca ta v n dy cho ta bit ta

cn phi nhn vo u v phi tm kim ci g. Mng tay, nhng vt chai ngn tr v

ngn ci, ng tay o, u gi qun, dng i, cch ng u l nhng th ni ln ngh

nghip ca mt con ngi.

Ti qung t bo xung bn, tht ln:

- Nhm nh! Ti cha thy ai vit nhng nht n vy.

- Anh ni v ci g th? Holmes hi ti.

- , bi bo m anh nh du bn cnh. Ti khng ph nhn l bi bo c mt

li vit kh, nhng n lm ti kh chu. R rng y l mt l thuyt do mt k v cng

ri ngh nn ra. Mong sao gp hn trn mt toa xe in ngm hng hai bt hn ni

ra ngh nghip ca tt c cc hnh khch trn xe. Ti dm nh cuc vi hn mt

nghn n mt.

- Anh s thua thi. Bi v ti l tc gi bi bo .

- Anh?

- ng, ti. Quan st v suy on l hai th m ti vn ham thch. Nhng l thuyt

ti nu ln trong bi bo l ht sc thc t, thc t n ni ti ly n lm k sinh nhai.

- l ngh g? Ti but ming hi

- Ti k anh nghe nh. Ti c mt ngh ring m c l trn th gii c mi mnh ti

lm. Ngh ca ti l thm t c vn. London ny c v s thm t cng, thm t t.

Khi gp phi iu g b, h n gp ti v ti tm cch gi cho h i ng hng. Cc

v phm php thng c nhiu nt ging nhau, nu ta thuc lng cc chi tit ca mt

s v th rt d ln ra u mi ca v th mt nghn l mt. Lestrade l mt thm t

kh. Mi y ng ta i nhm hng trong vic khm ph mt v lm bc gi, v vy

ng ta phi n y.

- Cn nhng ngi khch khc th sao?

- H hu ht l ngi ca cc hng trinh thm t. H mc m im ny hoc

im khc. Ti nghe h k v cng vic ca h, cn h th nghe cc li khuyn bo ca

ti v tr tin cng cho ti.

- Phi chng anh ngi yn trong phng m vn c th gii quyt c nhng mc

mu m ngi khc khng ti no gii quyt ni.

- ng th. Ti c rt nhiu kin thc c bit p dng vo lnh vc ny: nhng

quy tc suy on trnh by trong bi bo m anh khinh thng, i vi ti li c mt

gi tr khng sao lng ht trong thc hnh. Ngay ln u gp anh, ti bit l anh

va Afghanistan v.

- Chc c ai bo anh.

- Khng u. Lc y c mt lot nhng suy ngh, xt on lt nhanh qua c ti

khin ti i thng n kt lun y. Tuy vy, c tn ti nhng chng ng. Cch lp

lun phi hp ca ti nh sau: v ny thuc gii bc s, nhng li c dng dp mt

qun nhn, vy th chc chn l mt bc s qun y. Anh ta va mi vng nhit i v

v nc da rt sm nhng khng phi l da t nhin bi da hai c tay rt trng. Anh

ta phi tri qua nhiu ngy kham kh, au m, iu c th tht r trn nt mt.

Anh ta b thng cnh tay v cnh tay ny c ng hi gng go. Mt bc s

qun y ngi Anh, sng vng nhit i no m li b thng cch tay v phi sng

kham kh thiu thn? Tt nhin l Afghanistan. Tt c chui suy ngh ny din ra

trong khng y mt giy ng h.

Ti mm ci:

- Gii thch ra th thy rt n gin. Anh lm ti nh n nhn vt Dupin ca Edgar

Allan Poe. Ti tng loi ngi ch tn ti trong cc tiu thuyt ch lm g c ngoi

cuc i.

Holmes ng dy, chm tu thuc.

- C l anh tng so snh ti vi Dupin l khen ti chng? Theo ti, Dupin l mt k

rt tm thng. ng ta khoe l c th d on dc ngh ca bn b sau mt khc

ng h im lng, ni nh th, l khoa trng li l km ci. ng ta c l c i cht

nng khiu phn tch. Th thi!

- Anh c sch ca Gaboriau cha? Lecoq c phi l thm t khng?

Holmes c mt c ch ma mai v mt ging bc bi:

- Lecoq ? ng ta gii v tay chn hn u c. ng ta ch c mi mt iu ng

khen l ngh lc. Cun sch y thc s lm ti pht ngn. Vn t ra cho ng ta l

xc nh th phm trong mt m t nhn. Vic y, ti s gii quyt trong hai mi bn

gi, cn ng ta phi mt mt thng.

Ti hi kh chu khi thy hai nhn vt m ti khm phc b coi thng. Ti li bn

ca s nhn xung ng ph nhn nhp bn di, ngh bng: ng bn nay c th rt

gii, nhng ng thi cng rt t mn. Holmes ni tip vi ging luyn tic:

- u ca ti by gi cn bit dng lm g na! Cha bao gi c mt v n no d

di ti khm ph c! Cng lm l vi ba v gian ln vng v vi nhng ng c l

liu n ni ngay mt nhn vin s cnh st cng nhn ra ngay.

S hunh hoang ca Holmes tip tc lm ti kh chu, ti thy tt hn ht l thay i

cu chuyn. Trn h ng bn kia c mt g cao ln, n mt xuynh xong, tay cm

mt phong b ln ang chm ch xem s nh cn tm. Ti ch tay v pha ngi y, ln

ting hi:

- Khng bit ngi kia tm nh no?

- Anh mun ni vin i lnh thy nh b kia phi khng? Holmes hi ti.

Li hunh hoang khoc lc ri! Ti ngh bng. ngh y va mi lt qua c ti

th nhn vt nhn ra s nh chng ti, ro bc qua ng. Chng ti nghe ting

g ca m m, ri ting bc chn nng n ln thang gc. Ngi y bc vo phng

chng ti, a phong b cho anh:

- C th cho ng Sherlock Holmes.

y l mt dp h bt thi hm hnh ca Holmes. Lc va ri, khi a ra nhng

li phng on liu kia, chc anh ta khng ngh l ti s c c hi gip mt ngi ny.

Ti hi, ging nh nhng:

- Ny anh, anh c th cho bit anh lm ngh g khng?

- Tha phi, tha ng. - Anh ta tr li cc cn - B ng phc ca ti ang c

a i sa.

- Trc y anh lm ngh g? Ti a mt nhn sang Holmes vi v ch giu.

- Ti binh chng lnh thy nh b, ng lon i. ng c iu g cn hi na

khng, tha ng? Xin cho.

Anh ta dp hai gt giy vo vi nhau, gi tay cho chng ti ri i.

Chng 3. B n Lauriston Garden.

Th tht ti ht sc kinh ngc trc bng chng v gi tr thc hnh ca nhng l

thuyt m Holmes nu. S knh n ca ti i vi ti phn tch ca anh tng vt ln.

Tuy vy, trong c ti vn cn vng vn mt cht hoi nghi l tt c cu chuyn ny

c xp t t trc le ti. Nhng le lm g? Quay li nhn Holmes, ti thy

anh c xong th. Nt mt m chiu v i mt xa vng.

- Lm th qui no m anh on c?

- on ci g? Holmes hi git ging.

- on l mt vin i lnh thy nh b.

- Xin li anh v nhng li cu knh . Ha ra, anh vn khng thy ngi a th

vn l mt vin lnh thy nh b?

- Qu l khng.

- Ngay bn ny ng, ti nhn thy mt hnh m neo to xm trn mu bn tay

ngi y v b ru theo ng quy nh ca lnh thy nh b. Anh chng c v t tin v

thm ch c dng iu ch huy? Mt anh chng nghim ngh, o mo, hi ng tui,

nhng chi tit khin ti tin rng anh ng n lon i.

- Tht l tuyt diu! Ti reo ln.

- C g u. - Tuy ni vy, song c theo v mt anh, ti tin rng ni kinh ngc v s

khm phc ca ti r rng lm anh vui thch - Va ny, ti c ni l thi nay khng cn

nhng trng n, nhng c l ti lm. Anh hy xem y.

Holmes a cho ti bc th va mi nhn.

- G th ny? Tht khng khip! - Ti tht ln.

- Ti thy v ny hi khc thng y. Anh vui lng c to ln, chng ta cng nghe

no.

ng Sherlock Holmes thn mn!

m qua c mt v n gh gm ti nh s 3 khu Lauriston Garden on st gn

ng Briston. Mt nhn vin cnh st thy c nh n ngi nh vo khong hai gi

sng. y l mt ngi nh b hoang nn anh ta on l c chuyn g khng bnh

thng. Anh ta thy ca ra vo ng. gian phng trng ra mt ng, anh ta thy

xc mt ngi n ng n mc lch s, trong ti c xp danh thip tn Enoch J.

Drebber, Cleveland, Ohio, U. S. A..

Khng c cch no xc nh r nguyn nhn ca ci cht. Trong gian phng c

nhiu vt mu, nhng trn thi th th khng c mt thng tch no. Chng ti khng

bit ngi ny vo ngi nh y bng cch no v ni chung ton b v n hy cn

l mt iu b n. Nu ng c th n c hin trng trc mi hai gi tra, ng

s gp ti . Ton b hin trng s c gi y nguyn cho n khi ng n. S rt

hn hnh cho ti nu c bit kin ca ng. Xin gi ng li cho thn thit.

Tobias Gregson

- Gregson l tay sng s nht Scotland Yard. - Holmes nhn xt - Hn v

Lestrade c coi l nhng phn t u t ca mt m khng ra g. C hai u nng

n, hng hi, nhng rt khun so. V ghen t nhau nh mt cp gi lu xanh.

Ti ngc nhin thy Holmes gi v bnh thn, li c v gn nh giu ct. Ti hi h:

- Ta khng c l pht no, phi khng anh? Ti i gi xe nh.

- Cha chc ti i.

- Nhng y chnh l c hi m anh mong mi t lu c m?

- Gi th ti g c v ny, th bao nhiu cng lao u vo tay Gregson, Lestrade

ht c. Khng phi l ngi ca nh nc l phi chu thit thi nh vy y.

- Nhng Gregson yu cu anh gip c m.

- Phi, hn bit ti gii hn hn v tha nhn iu vi ti. Nhng trc mt

ngi th ba, hn th ct li i cn hn phi cng nhn mnh l thua km. Du vy,

chng ta cng nn n xem sao. No, ta i i!

Holmes x tay vo chic o khoc ngoi, nhanh nhn chun b.

- Anh cm ly mi i.

- Anh mun ti cng i ?

- Phi.

Mt lc sau hai chng ti ngi trong mt chic xe nga chy nc i v pha

ng Briston. Bui sng hm y tri y my v sng m dy c. Mt tm mn ti

sm bao ph ln cc mi nh v ng nh phn chiu cc dy ph xm xt mt mu

bn. Holmes rt vui v, chuyn tr lun ming v nhng chic n v cm. Cn ti c

nn thinh v thi tit m m v v s vic bi thm va xy ra. Sau cng ti phi ct

ngang bi thuyt trnh v m nhc ca anh:

- Xem chng anh khng tm lm n cuc iu tra sp ti.

- c d kin g u. Mt sai lm c bn l c t trc cc gi thit trong khi

cha c trong tay cc s vic thc t. Lm nh vy khin cho nhn nh ca ta d b

chch lm.

- Anh s c ngay cc d kin, v ng Brixton y ri v ngi nh kia ka!

- ng ri! Dng li, bc x ch.

Cn mt trm mt na mi n hin trng nhng Holmes c i xung xe i

b. Ngi nh s 3 khu Lauriston Garden c mt v su thm gh rn. l ngi nh

th ba trong mt dy bn nh nm tht vo trong mt t. Hai ngi nh c ngi , hai

ngi kia b hoang. Hai nh b hoang ny by ra hay du ca s bun b v trn tri,

ch tr thnh thong y c hai ch Cho thu chy vi vt sn trn cc ca

knh lem luc. T h ng vo n nh phi qua mt mnh vn nh mc la tha

nhng cy con khng khiu, m yu. Ct ngang mnh vn l mt li i hp, ri si

trn ln t st mu vng ch. Tt c khu vc ny u sng nc v tri ma sut

m. Bao quanh mnh vn l bc tng gch cao khong mt mt, bn trn li c

hng ro g. ng ta lng vo ba tng ny l mt vin cnh st cao ln, xung

quanh c m ngi rnh vic ang c nghn mt vo trong nh.

Ti tng Holmes s xng thng vo nh v lao ngay vo vic. Nhng khng! Vi

mt v u oi gi to, anh i di li li trn h ng, l ng nhn t, nhn tri, nhn

cc ngi nh bn kia ng v hng rao g. Xem xt xong, anh bc trn lp c mc

ven li i, lun lun dn mt xung t. Hai ln anh dng li v c mt ln ti thy anh

thong n mt n ci v kh reo ln mt ting vui mng. C nhiu vt chn trn nn

t st t, nhng v cnh st dm nt li i ny ri, ti khng hiu bn ti c th hy

vng rt ra y c iu g.

ca nh, chng ti c mt g cao ln n tip. Mt ti mt, tc ri b, tay cm

mt quyn s, anh ta vi v tin v pha chng ti, nng nhit sit cht tay Holmes:

- ng n, tht tt qu. Ti cha ng chm n g ht.

- Tr ch ny. - Holmes p, tay ch li i - Mt n b gi xo qua y cng khng

th ph hoi nhiu hn. Nhng c l ng rt ra xong nhng kt lun ca mnh ri

mi cho php xy ra tnh trng ny, c phi khng, ng Gregson?

Nh thm t ni lng:

- Ti qu bn bn trong. ng Lestrade cng c mt ti y. Ti tng ng ta phi

mt n chuyn ny.

Holmes nhn ti trn trn mt, ging chm chc:

- c mt ng v Lestrade ri, chng cn g cho ngi th ba khm ph na.

Gregson xoa hai tay vi nhau, v hi lng:

- Chng ti lm tt c nhng g c th lm. Du sao, y l mt v k quc v ti

bit ng vn thch nhng v nh th.

- ng n y bng xe nga?

- Khng.

- C ng Lestrade cng khng ch?

- Phi.

- Th th chng ta vo trong xem gian phng i.

Sau kin khng n nhp g vi cu ni va ri, Holmes vo trong nh. Gregson

bc theo, v mt ng ngc.

Mt hnh lang nh, bi bm dn n nh bp v phng n. C hai ca, mt v

pha bn tri v mt v pha bn phi hnh lang. R rng mt trong hai ca ny b

ng kn t nhiu tun na Ca kia l ca m vo phng n, ni din ra tn thm

kch y b n. Holmes bc vo. Ti theo ngay.

y l mt gian phng rng, hnh vung, khng c th c no nn cng c v

rng. Tng ph bng mt loi giy r tin, c nhiu ch m t loang l v vi ba ch

giy b bong ra, thng xung, l lp va vng kh bn trong. i din vi ca ra vo

l mt l si, mt l lm bng tm gi cm thch trng. mt m mt l si c

cm mu nn bng sp . Chic ca s duy nht ca gian phng lem lut n ni nh

sng m c bn ngoi ri qua nhum ln khp gian phng mt mu xm nh nh th

lng.

Ngi cht nm sng soi trn sn, hai con mt trn trng nhn ln trn nh. Nn

nhn khong 43, 44 tui, ngi tm thc, vai rng, tc qun v en, ru rm xn

ngn. Mc mt chic o ui tm dy nng, bn trong l chic o gi-l bng da tt,

qun di mu sng, c o v ca tay o trng tinh. Mt chic m ng, sang trng v

rt sch nm ngay trn sn nh, cnh nn nhn. Hai bn tay nm cht, cnh tay dang

rng, chn qup vo nhau cho thy cuc vt ln vi t thn din ra ht sc khc lit.

Trn nt mt cng cn in mt ni kinh hong. Nt mt nhn nhm thnh mt v c

c gh s , cng vi ci trn ngn, ci mi tt d, hm rng nh ra, cng vi t th k

quc, cng lm cho ngi cht c mt v rt ging loi kh. Ti tng thy ci cht

di nhiu hnh dng, nhng cha bao gi thy n di dng thm khc n nh vy.

Lestrade vc ngi gy g, mt chot, ng ca cho chng ti:

- V ny s n o y. N vt tt c nhng v ti c chng kin.

- Khng c mt vt tch no. - Gregson ni.

- Khng c my may. - Lestrade xc nhn.

Holmes n cnh xc nn nhn, qu gi xung v xem xt rt cn thn.

- Hai ng kim tra k l khng c thng tch g ch? - Holmes ch nhng git

mu v nhng vt mu c rt nhiu xung quanh xc cht.

C hai thm t ca Scotland Yard cng ku ln:

- Hon ton chc chn.

- Th th tt nhin mu ny l ca mt k th hai, chc l ca hung th, nu nh

y l mt v m st.

Trong khi ni, nhng ngn tay nhanh nhn ca anh lng qung ch ny ch kia, s

nn, ln m, xem xt khp ni, cn i mt vn m ci v xa vng. Sau cng

Holmes ngi mi ri xem giy ngi cht.

- Khng ai x dch xc ny ch?

- Khng.

- By gi cc ng c th cho chuyn v nh xc c ri.

Gregson c sn mt ci cng v bn ngi gip vic. Khi ci xc c xc ln

th c mt chic nhn ri xung sn, Lestrade chp ly chic nhn, ngm ngha vi con

mt kinh ngc, reo ln:

- c mt mt ngi n b y! Mt chic nhn ci y m!

Va ni, ng ta va cha chic nhn t trong lng bn tay ca mnh ra cho chng

ti xem. Khng c g nghi ng: Chic vng trn nh xu mc mc bng vng ny

tng trang im cho ngn tay ca mt c du.

- Th l cng thm rc ri. - Gregson nh gi.

- ng c dm chc l chic nhn li khng gip ta cht no khng? Ngoi ra, ng

thy c nhng g trong cc ti o, ti qun nn nhn? - Holmes nhn xt.

Gregson ch nhng vt c by ra trn nhng bc thang di cng ngoi ca

bung:

- Tt c y. Mt chic ng h bng vng khc s 97.163 ca hng

Barkerraud, London. Mt dy x tch vng, dy dn v rt nng, mt chic nhn vng

c khc biu tng ca mt hi kn. Mt chic kp ca vt bng vng, chm thnh hnh

u ch, mt ci v ng nhng danh thip ghi tn Enoch J.Drebber trong thnh ph

Cleveland ph hp vi nhng ch vit tc E.J.D thu trn qun o. Khng c v tin

nhng c my ng tin, cng li l by bng. Hai bc th, mt bc gi cho

E.J.Drebber v bc kia gi cho k no tn l Joseph Stangerson.

- Gi v a ch no?

- Gi n S giao dch chng khon M. C hai bc th u l ca cng ty vn

chuyn tu bin Guion v cng ni n, ngy gi khi hnh cc chuyn tu ca h,

xut pht t Liverpool. R rng nn nhn sp sa ln tu i New York.

- Cc ng iu tra v mt ngi mang tn l Stangerson ny cha?

- iu tra ngay ch! - Gregson p - Ti cho ng li nhn tin trn tt c cc bo

hng ngy v c ngi n s giao dch chng khon M, nhng cha v.

- Cc ng lin lc vi Cleveland cha?

- Chng ti nh in sng nay.

- Cc ng t nhng cu hi nh th no trong in?

- Chng ti ch tng thut t m v n mng v ni s rt bit n nu nhn c

mi tin tc c th gip chng ti lm sng t v ny.

- ng c hi t m v mt im no m cc ng coi l thit yu khng?

- Ti c ni n Stangerson.

- Ngoi ra khng ni g khc? Liu c th c mt chi tit no y lm u mi cho

ton b v ny khng? Cc ng c nn nh in li khng?

- Ti in i tt c nhng g cn hi ri. Gregson ni vi v b xc phm.

Holmes ci thm v hnh nh nh c mt li nhn xt th Lestrade t gian phng

ng trc quay li, xoa hai tay vi v hi lng, ging khoa trng:

- ng Gregson , ti va mi pht hin mt chi tit ht sc h trng. - Mt Lestrade

sng ln. ng ta mng r ra mt v thng ng nghip ca mnh mt im: - Mi

cc ng li y! Lestrade hi h tr li gian phng khi ny.- y, cc ng n ng

ch ny ny.

ng ta bt mt que dim v gi ln cao st mt tng, ging c thng: - Cc ng

nhn y!

m tng ny, mt mnh giy dn ln b bong, ri i u mt, l mt

khong tng trt va th nhm, vng ch, hnh vung. Trn khong tng trn tri,

c ai nguch ngoc vit nhng ch mang mu sm bng mu kh: Rache. Nh

thm t h hi, ni tip:

- Chi tit ny b b st v y l ch ti nht trong phng. Th phm vit ch ny

bng chnh mu mnh. Ta hy nhn vt ny, ch mu chy dc trn tng. Chi tit

ny loi tr kh nng y l mt v t st. Ti sao hn vit ti ni ny. Ti xin ni l

do. Cc ng c thy ngn nn trn mt l si khng? Lc by gi, ngn nn ny c

thp sng v ch ny tr thnh ch sng nht trn bc tng.

- Gi y, pht hin ht ri, ng thy ngha n ra sao? Gregson vn hi vi v

khm phc.

- K ny ang nh vit tn Rachel, nhng khng kp vit cho trn tn. Cc ng hy

nh ly li ti: khi v ny c lm sng t, cc ng s thy mt ngi n b tn l

Rachel dnh lu vo y. ng c tin i, ng Holmes!

- Ti xin li - Holmes ni vi Lestrade khi thy ting ci ca mnh lm cho anh

chng bc tc. - ng l ngi u tin cho chng ti thy chi tit ny, v xem chng

k vit ch ny l nhn vt th hai trong v n. Ti cha c dp xem k gian phng,

nhng by gi, mn php cc ng, ti s xem xt mt lt.

Ni xong, anh rt trong ti ra mt cun thc dy v knh lp, d sot khp cn

phng, lc th dng li hi lu, lc th qu hn gi xung mt t; thm ch c lc nm

xoi, p bng xung sn. Anh b thu ht vo cng vic n ni hnh nh qun hn

chng ti, v anh lm bm nho nh mt mnh, thnh thong li kh reo ln, xut xoa, lu

bu hay hut so ming. Nhng hnh ng y c th din t nhng hy vng ca anh,

song cng c th coi l nhng li anh t khch l trong cng vic ca mnh. Trong hai

mi pht, anh mi m tm ti, dng thc o mt cch t m khong cch gia nhng

du vt hon ton v hnh i vi ti. i khi, anh li p ci thc dy vo tng.

ch trn sn nh, anh ht sc thn trng thu nht mt nhm nh th bi xam xm v

ct vo phong b. Sau cng anh dng knh lp soi tng nt ch ca ci t b n vit trn

tng. Sau , anh c v hi lng, ct thc dy v knh lp vo ti, a ra mt nhn

xt:

- C ngi bo rng thin ti l s lao ng ht sc kin tr. nh ngha y khng

hon ton chnh xc, nhng p dng vo cng vic ca ngi thm t th rt ng.

Gregson v Lestrade theo di mi ng tc ca nh thm t t vi mt v t m.

H cng ln ting hi:

- ng c kin g khng, ng Holmes?

Bn ti p, ging y chm chc:

- Cho ti c php gp vo mt tay c khc g lm hoen m vinh quang ca cc

ng trong v ny. Cc ng s t gii quyt n mt cch chng vnh v trn vn, mt

k th ba xen vo th tht l ng tic. Du vy, ti s ly lm hn hnh c gip cc

ng. Trong khi ch i, ti mun gp vin cnh st pht hin ra xc nn nhn. Cc

ng c th cho ti bit a ch ngi y c khng?

Lestrade nhn vo quyn s tay:

- John Rance. Hin gi, anh ta ht ca lm vic. ng c th li nh anh ta s 46

ng Audley, khu Kennington.

Holmes ghi a ch v bo ti:

- Bc s Watson, ta n gp anh chng y i. - Ri quay sang cc nh thm t ca

nc Anh - y l mt v m st, v th phm l mt ngi n ng. Mt ngi n

ng lc lng, cao hn 6 feet, tui trung nin. So vi tm vc th chn hi nh. Hn i

giy mi vung, ht x g Trichinopoly. Hn n y cng vi nn nhn trn mt chic

xe nga bn bnh. Con nga ko xe c ba mng st c v mt mng st mi chn

tri trc. Th phm c b mt gay, mng bn tay phi ca hn c bit di.

Hai thm t nh nc nhn nhau vi n ci hoi nghi. Gregson ln ting:

- Nu vy, nn nhn b git bng cch no?

- Bng thuc c - Holmes tr li vn tt ri ra v, nhng trc khi bc qua

ngng ca, anh cn quay li ni thm: - Cn mt chi tit ny na; ng Lestrade .

Rache trong ting c c ngha l tr th, vy ng ng mt thi gi tm kim c

Rachel lm g.

Sau ngn n nh ny, Holmes b v, li ng sau hai ch th h hc mm nhn

nhau.

Chng 4 : Li khai ca cnh st John Rance

Lc chng ti ri ngi nh s 3 ng Lauriston th mt gi tra. Holmes ko ti

n trm bu in gn nht, gi i mt bc in di. Sau , anh gi xe nga bo

nh n a ch m Lestrade ghi cho.

- Khng g gi tr bng nhng nhn chng trc tip. Thc ra, v ny c xc

nh ri, nhng hi bit thm vi chi tit cng khng tha.

- C thc cc chi tit m anh va ni l ng khng?

- iu u tin ti nhn ra ngay khi n hin trng l mt chic xe nga in bnh

thnh hai ci rnh su cnh b h. Trc m hm qua, tri khng ma mt tun. Vy

th chic xe li vt bnh ch c th y sau cn ma m qua. Ti thy c

cc du chn mt con nga. Mt trong nhng vt chn ny sc nt hn c ba vt chn

khc, iu chng t con nga c mt chic mng mi ng. C mt chic xe nga

n y sau khi tri ma v theo li Gregson cho bit sng nay khng thy n u,

ta suy ra chic xe ca hn n ri ri i trong m v do , n chnh l chic xe

ch hai ngi kia n ngi nh.

- Nghe ra kh n gin. Nhng cn v tm vc ca ngi hung th?

- C g u! Ta c th cn c vo chiu di ca bc chn m suy ra chiu cao ca

ngi. Ti thy vt chn ca ngi th hai trn lp t st ngoi nh v trn lp

bi trong gian phng. Ngoi ra, ti cn c mt cch khc kim tra cch tnh ca ti.

Khi vit trn tng, ngi ta thng vit ngang tm mt mnh. Ch vit kia, nh ti o

c, cch mt t ng 6 feet. D nh bn, phi khng bc s?

- Th cn tui hn?

- Mt ngi c th d dng phng bc 4 feet ri th khng th l ngi lung

tui. y cng l chiu di ca mt vng nc trn li i qua vn m hn bc

qua. K i giy sang trng c nh i vng qua vng nc cn k i giy th mi

vung th phng bc ngang qua. Khng c cht g b n im ny. Ti ch p dng

vo trong np sng hng ngy mt vi nguyn l quan st v suy on m ti nu

ln trong bi bo ca ti thi. C iu g khc anh thy kh hiu na khng?

- Mng tay v x g?

- My ch trn tng c vit bng mt ngn tay tr nhng trong mu. Chic knh

lp gip ti nhn ra l khi vit, ngn tay ngi ny co mnh ln lp va trt

tng, iu ny ch c th xy ra nu ngi ny c mng tay di. Ti tm thy ri rc

trn sn mt t tro en v xp, ch c loi x g Trichinopoly mi cho mt th tn nh

vy. Chnh nhng iu vn vt vy lm cho nh thm t c ti khc vi loi thm t

nh Gregson v Lestrade.

- Cn b mt ?

- B mt l mt kt lun hi to bo. Thi khng nn hi nhiu.

Ti a tay xoa trn:

- u ti xoay nh chong chng. Cng ngh cng khng bit u m ln. Ti sao hai

ngi y li n mt ngi nh b khng? Ngi nh xe ch h n hin nay ra sao?

Lm th no ngi ny li p buc c ngi kia ung thuc c? Mu u ra?

Hung th git ngi lm g? Ti sao li c mt chic nhn ph n? Ti sao hung th

vit ch RACHE trc khi b chy?

Bn ti n mt n ci ng tnh:

- Anh tm tt ngn gn v chnh xc nhng iu nan gii ca v ny. Hy cn

kh nhiu kha cnh kh hiu khc na. Cn v pht hin ca anh chng Lestrade kia?

Ch ny khng phi do mt ngi c vit. Nu anh ch , anh s thy ch A c

vit hi theo kiu ch ca ngi c. Th nhng, ngi c chnh cng bao gi cng

vit theo dng ch Latin, v vy ta c th khng nh rng nhng ch ny khng phi

do mt ngi c vit m l mt k mun gi lm ngi c, nhng vng v. y ch

l mt ci mu nhm nh lc hng cuc iu tra. Nhng thi, bc s Watson, ct

ngha ht cc php thut ca mnh th nh ph thy chng cn g l cao tay na. Cng

vy, nu ti by t vi anh qu nhiu phng php lm vic ca ti, anh s i n kt

lun l ti rt cuc cng chng c g c bit c.

- Khng khi no! Anh a php suy on ca anh n ch gn thnh mt mn

khoa hc chnh xc nh cha tng c trn th gii ny.

Nhng li ti ni v v khm phc trn nt mt ti khin Holmes mt v sung

sng.

- Ti xin k thm vi anh. K i giy c nh v k i giy mi vung cng n trn

mt chic xe, cng i trn li i qua vn. Vo nh, k i giy nh i i li li ngang dc

gian phng. Ti c th c thy iu trn lp bi, ti cn c th c c l cng i,

hn cng ni xung ln, c th thy r bc chn ngy mt di ca hn. Khi u ta

c mt im xut pht ng, vy phi xc tin gp ln thi, v chiu nay ti mun i

nghe ha nhc.

Cu chuyn gia hai chng ti din ra trn chic xe nga ang ln bnh. n

nhng ng ngch bn thu v gm ghic nht, chic xe bng dng li.

- n chung c Audley ri, trong kia ka - Ngi x ch ch mt khong hp gia

dy nh bng gch en s. - Ti ch cc ng ngoi ny.

Li i nh hp dn chng ti n mt ci sn gch hnh vung, xung quanh l

nhng cn nh nhp nha. i qua mt nhm tr Con rch ri v mt lot dy phi

qun o, chng ti tm n cn h s 46. Bn ca c mt tm bin nh bng ng khc

tn Rance. Hi ra, chng ti c bit vin cnh st i ng. Ngi nh a chng

ti vo ch gian nh ngoi. Mt lt sau, vin cnh st ra tip, v hi cu knh:

- Ti bo co ht n cnh st ri.

Holmes rt ra mt ng tin vng, mn m vi v t l:

- Chng ti mun nghe chnh anh k li.

Vin cnh st thay i hn thi :

- Ti sn sng.

Rance ngi xung chic gh m, cau my li vi v mt ca ngi khng mun

st mt chi tit no.

- Ca i tun ca ti l t 10 gi ti n 6 gi sng. Vo lc 11 gi m, xy ra mt

v nh nhau gn qun ru Con hu trng, ngoi ra kh yn tnh. n 1 gi, tri

bt u ma v ti gp Harry Murcher, vin cnh st i tun pha ng Holland

Grove. Chng ti ni vi nhau dm ba cu chuyn gc ph Henryetta. Mt lt sau

vo khong 2 gi, ti t nh mnh phi i mt vng v pha ng Briston. Ph x yn

tnh. Ti khng gp ai c, tuy c thy mt hai chic xe. Ti i thong th, va i va ngh

ti mt ly ru. Bng nhin mt vch nh sng lt ra t ca s mt ngi nh lm ti

ch . Ti vn bit hai ngi nh ng Lauriston vn b khng. V vy ti ng rng

c mt chuyn g khng bnh thng, khi ti vo n ca nh...

- ...Th anh ng li v quay ra ch ca vn. Ti sao?

- Vng, ng th. Nhng qui l, sao m ng bit? Khi ti n ca nh, cnh vt im

lm v vng v n ni ti phi quay tr li ca vn, xem c thy ngn n tun tra

ca Harry khng. Nhng khng thy bng mt ai c.

- Anh khng thy ai ngoi ph ?

- Khng mt ai, ngay mt con ch cng khng. Lc by gi, ti tr li, y cnh

ca. Cnh ca m ra d dng, bn trong hon ton yn tnh. Ti bc vo gian phng

c nh sng. Di nh sng chp chn ca mt ngn nn trn mt l si, ti thy...

- c ri, ti bit anh thy nhng g ri. Anh i vng quanh gian phng vi ba

ln, anh qu gi xung bn cnh xc cht, ri anh i ngang qua gian phng, th m

cnh ca gian bp v...

Rance bt ng dy, nt mt hong ht, con mt ng vc:

- ng np ch no m nhn thy ht cc hot ng ca ti?

Holmes ci vui v v t tm danh thip ca mnh ln bn:

- Ch bt gi ti v v n mng ny. Ti l mt trong nhng ngi sn ui con mi

ch khng phi l con mi u. Anh k tip i. Sau anh lm g?

Rance ngi xung, cha bt bng hong:

- Ti tr ra ca, hut ci. Nghe ting ci, Harry v hai vin cnh st khc ko n.

- Lc ngoi ph vn khng c ai ?

- Vng, t ra l khng c ai c th gip ti.

- Anh ni th l th no?

Vin cnh st ci nhn c mt:

- Trong i ti gp kh nhiu a say, nhng cha bao gi thy ai say nh g

ny. G ng ngoi ca khi ti trong nh bc ra. Ta ngi vo hng ro g,