Career Search Guide

Table of Contents Job loss .................................................................................................................................. 3 Responding to emotions and stress ....................................................................................... 3

Understand your reaction ................................................................................................................................... 3 Respond in a positive way .................................................................................................................................. 4 Tap your resources.............................................................................................................................................. 4 Take care of your health ..................................................................................................................................... 4

Protecting your finances ........................................................................................................ 5 Budgeting strategies ........................................................................................................................................... 5 Monthly Budget Checklist ................................................................................................................................... 6 Sample Letter to Creditors .................................................................................................................................. 7 Suggestions for using this sample letter: ............................................................................................................ 7

Getting back in the workforce ............................................................................................... 8 Appraise your skills and accomplishments ......................................................................................................... 8

Search for jobs ..................................................................................................................... 12 Networking........................................................................................................................................................ 12 Find a job online ................................................................................................................................................ 13

Write your resume .............................................................................................................. 14 Tips for writing an effective resume ................................................................................................................. 15 Styles of resumes .............................................................................................................................................. 16 Sample of a Reverse Chronological resume ..................................................................................................... 17 Sample of a Functional resume ........................................................................................................................ 18 Cover letters and thank-you notes ................................................................................................................... 19 Sample cover letter ........................................................................................................................................... 20 Sample thank-you note ..................................................................................................................................... 20 Critique your resume ........................................................................................................................................ 21

Prepare for your job interview ............................................................................................ 22 Interview do’s and don’ts ................................................................................................................................. 23 Checklist to ensure a good interview ............................................................................................................... 25

When life doesn’t go as planned… ....................................................................................... 27 When You Call ................................................................................................................................................... 27

Career Search Guide

Job loss You knew that work was slowing down and you even heard rumors that there might be layoffs. You’re a hard worker and had given your company your best. You never thought that you would be facing this dark day. You know it is not your fault, but you feel like a failure. How can you accept this event and move on with your life? This guidebook can help you get past your initial reaction to the loss and help you get back the security and confidence that your career provides.

Responding to emotions and stress Understand your reaction Security is essential to life. Your security came from being paid money and receiving respect for your contribution. You were able to provide for yourself and your family’s food and shelter. You will now have to deal with the unemployment lines and services which you thought would never touch your life. You probably received a lot of self-worth from your job and you may feel “I am what I do.” The more you feel

this way, the more crushed you will be.

Career Search Guide

Once you are no longer working, you may feel bored and not know what to do with your time. If your spouse is home, you may bump into each other all day. You may also avoid social situations so that you don’t have to reveal your change in job status.

The stress may be enough to make you physically ill. Your family has been affected and your life seems out of control.

Respond in a positive way Ask for support from your family and friends. You may feel like clamming up and suffering in silence, but this is the time to talk. Acknowledge your fears, disappointments and other feelings. If you have children, talk to them about what happened

and what you are going to do about it. Assure them that there will be food on the table, but let them help you figure out some ways to conserve expenses.

Keep busy constructively. Take care of your health with diet, exercise and rest.

Use your time to get closer to your family. Try not to take the layoff personally. See if the personnel department at work can give you constructive criticism on how to improve your strengths. Take time to assess yourself and acknowledge your gifts. Set new goals for yourself. Believe in yourself and your positive attitude will make you happier and more employable. Tap your resources Your company’s personnel department and the unemployment office will tell you what benefits you have coming and can help with your next move. Get your support network active, even though that may be the last thing you feel like doing. Talk to friends, clients, mentors, your union officials or your employee assistance program. A professional counselor can be vital. You have suffered a loss. You may go through the same stages as people in mourning. Acceptance of the situation comes through grieving your loss so that you can make positive life changes. With help, you may eventually see this shock as an opportunity. You are free to go back to school or you may find a better job. Counseling will also help get rid of any negative substitutes such as overuse of alcohol or other drugs and overeating. These substitutes can lead to more health, financial and emotional problems. If your job search goes on for more than six months, seek additional help. Take care of your health Keep yourself healthy by continuing to eat properly, exercise and allow time for fun. Just because you are unemployed doesn’t mean that you don’t deserve to have fun and to take care of your needs. Staying fit will help keep up your spirits and energy for searching for a new job.

Career Search Guide

Protecting your finances Budgeting strategies If you’re often out of money by payday, you might not know how to budget efficiently. Learn strategies that can help you plan a realistic budget and put you in control of your spending. Keep track of expenses Before starting the formal budget process, buy a small notebook and use it to track everyday expenses and how you spend your cash. At the end of a month, look over your expenditures. You’ll probably be surprised at how much you spend every day. Miscellaneous expenses such as lunches, snacks, newspapers and magazines can burn up your “cash on hand” very quickly. When you see where you’re spending your money every day, it will be that much easier to decide where you can cut back. Be reasonable Most of us can probably live within a very strict budget for a short period of time. But, after a while, such a budget can be more of a burden than a blessing. It’s important to start out with a budget that you can live with, especially if you’ve never used a budget before. If you’re overly strict, you might decide you can’t live with a budget and abandon the plan entirely. Try to plan out a budget that’s realistic. List priorities When making your budget, have a concrete financial goal in mind. Make a list of the things you need and a list of the things you want. Keep in mind your reason for keeping a budget. Set your priorities and save each month for major expenses. Be flexible If you find your budget is too tight (or not tight enough), feel free to change it. In fact, it might take a few months to find a budget that’s comfortable for you. In the meantime, however, you’re making a step toward controlling your spending and reaching your financial goals. See the sample budget on the following page and consider using it as a guide to help manage your finances.

Career Search Guide

Monthly Budget Checklist

For the month of

Budget Actual Difference Salary

Spouse's Salary Alimony/Child Support Social Security/Disability Savings/Interest Reimbursements Other

Expense/Outflows Budget Actual Difference Rent/Mortgage Home Insurance Utilities/Telephone Cable Groceries Laundry/Dry Cleaning Personal Care Car Payments Car Insurance Gas Daycare/Baby Sitting Spousal/Child Support Dining Out Recreation/Vacation Charity Credit Cards Other Loans Other Total Expenses Total Income

Career Search Guide

Sample Letter to Creditors Date: Company Name Address Address Re: Account #_________ Dear _______, I am experiencing financial difficulties because of _____________________ and cannot continue making payments at the current monthly amount. I have prepared a monthly budget for my basic, necessary living expenses and am allocating as much as possible to paying off my debt. I would like to work out a plan that will not negatively impact my credit rating. I am willing to commit to a monthly payment of $____, until the balance is paid off or my income returns to normal. Please let me know if this is acceptable to you. If I do not hear from you within 10 working days of the date of this letter, I will take that as an acceptance of my offer. Sincerely, (Your Name Signed) Your name typed Suggestions for using this sample letter: Be sure to include your account or reference number. Keep the explanation of your problem short and to the point. Examples: “my layoff and unemployment,” “the

serious illness of my spouse,” or “a significant drop in my income.” Keep a copy of each letter you send.

Career Search Guide

Getting back in the workforce Appraise your skills and accomplishments The first step in starting a job hunt is to be prepared. Understanding yourself and how your unique characteristics influence your job search will help you in selecting appropriate positions, updating your resume and preparing to interview for them. List your assets and liabilities as an employee

Assets. List all of your strengths, or assets, in terms of how they will help add value for potential employers you

have targeted. Be expansive. This is not the time for modesty.

Strength What value will be added for your employer?

1

2

3

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5

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Liabilities. List your potential liabilities for targeted positions with prospective employers. Then summarize how you will address each of these.

Liability How you overcame / are overcoming it

1

2

3

4

5 List your accomplishments Take stock of past workplace and personal accomplishments to help understand your skills. Use this knowledge to determine what future positions are appropriate for you. The following pages offer tools to help conceptualize these. Prepare at least 20 specific accomplishments that you have achieved in your life. To develop these, answer the following questions (writing your answers down helps to develop them fully). If you can’t think of 20 things, consider your actions from the perspective of your coworkers, supervisors, friends, etc. Why might they appreciate you? You’ll find you have many more accomplishments than you originally realized.

1. What was the problem or situation before you took action? Be specific. 2. How did the problem come to your attention? How did you identify the possible solutions? 3. What did you do? Describe the action you took and how you implemented the solution. 4. What was the impact or change as a result of your actions?

Use “Power Verbs” to describe your accomplishments

Statements of your previous accomplishments should contain:

Action: Verbs that show strong personal involvement Results: State specifics that translate to the job you want Quantifiers: Concrete examples using measurable figures

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Examples: 1. REDUCED inventory losses by _____% after IMPLEMENTING a tracking program that I DESIGNED and WROTE.

2. SAVED $______ by CONSOLIDATING purchasing into a centralized function and LEVERAGING the corporate

purchasing dollars. 3. MANAGED the relocation and consolidation of a data center to improve user satisfaction and to SAVE $______

annually. 4. DECREASED delivery time by ___ days by having the suppliers stock our standard order items.

Other “Action Verbs”:

Advised Expedited Operated Analyzed Facilitated Oversaw Balanced Generated Presented Conducted Hired Recruited Converted Initiated Reorganized Coordinated Introduced Researched Designed Investigated Simplified Developed Lead Supervised Directed Managed Summarized Evaluated Marketed Strengthened Expanded Negotiated Trained

Research a field or industry During your career, you may have acquired other skills and may be at a career crossroads where you can go in multiple directions. Or you may have education in one field while you have worked in another. It may benefit you to learn more about this new career path before appraising your skills and accomplishments. You can learn about an occupation, a firm or an industry by interviewing professionals in similar job roles. Set up these informational interviews by phone, mail, e-mail or preferably through a personal contact. Be careful not to focus exclusively on hiring authorities. Often these people are busy and not able to spend time

with you. Instead, look toward established professionals to interview for information that will help you find and qualify for a job.

Do not attempt to use the informational interview as a strategy to get a job interview or offer. Informational interviews are intended to learn what will be expected of you.

Where to look for contacts: Colleagues in your field with whom you have or have not worked. Professional associations and organizations Consulting agencies Friends Family Public service organizations and private clubs Colleges and universities Professional magazines, journals and other publications Newspaper/web-based articles and television reports Yellow pages and employee directories Volunteer organizations where you can develop new contacts while expanding your knowledge of the field

Career Search Guide

Remember, as the individual hoping to gain information, you control the informational interview. Be prepared with a list of questions, such as: How did you get your job? What is your educational background? What are the good things about your job? What are the liabilities of the job? What are the most common problems of this job, firm or industry? What would a salary range for this position be? Can you tell me about promotional opportunities in this field? What are your services, products, etc.? What is the future of this industry? How does your firm compare with others?

Ask the professional to review your resume and recommend other experiences that may help you. And most importantly, ask for three other contacts for informational interviews. After the informational interview, be sure to debrief and write down your impressions. Ask yourself: What did I learn? What was that individual’s career path? What special characteristics did he/she have that I might emulate? Why is he/she successful in this job? Is this a job that I want? Is this industry the one I want to work in? Do I need to see others to get more information? Was he/she objective? Did I remember to get other contacts? Based on what I learned, what can I start doing now to increase my probability of finding a job?

Other tips about informational interviews: These interviews should not exceed one hour. Send a thank you note after the conversation. This technique has been somewhat overdone and busy individuals are more reluctant to give you anything other

than telephone time, so be prepared with your list of questions when making your initial call.

Career Search Guide

Search for jobs Networking Networking is a proven technique of accessing a hidden job market. It involves basic exchanges of information. You develop a personal network of both employers and colleagues who may share job opportunities and hiring information about your specific job market. Networking is about identifying people you know or about developing relationships with people whom you might be able to share job-related information. It is a way of making yourself known to the greatest number of people who can help you achieve your goals. For sales people, it’s the process of building and maintaining business and personal relationships. For job seekers, it’s establishing a network of people who can, right now, help you find the position that is right for you. Recent studies of professional technical / managerial placements found that: 10% of positions are obtained through ads. 10% are obtained through agencies, recruiters, etc. 80% are obtained through networking.

Career Search Guide

Look at the competition It is not uncommon today for your resume to be one of 500 to 1000 submitted in response to a help-wanted ad. Retained headhunters are frequently no longer accepting resumes; contingency headhunters will take your

resume, but will not necessarily work in your best interest. By networking for a position, you can get the jump on much of the competition for a position and present

yourself in the best possible light. Networking do’s Always carry updated resumes, business cards and cover letters to share with others. The more materials you

can spread around your professional community, the more success you will have. Maintain and update a contact record of your personal network. Include notes on past conversations. Keep in

touch with your contacts regularly. Establish and maintain relationships. Identify individuals you would like to meet and call them. Ask them for advice. Treat your conversations as a way

to exchange and share mutually beneficial information. Networking don’ts Don’t focus exclusively on hiring authorities (those that have the power to hire). Networking is often very

successful if you target all levels of a particular field. Don’t consider networking to be strictly a job-finding technique. Networking is about getting to know the field

and the relevant actors in the field. Find a job online Many Internet sites allow you to create an online resume that you can automatically attach when applying for a position through them. Some can even search open positions for your qualifications and send you regular e-mail alerts when a match is found. You can search for jobs and find other career tips on these websites: www.monster.com www.careerbuilder.com www.jobbankusa.com www.rileyguide.com www.careerlab.com www.quintcareers.com www.ajb.org www.careercity.com www.jobs.com www.salary.com

Career Search Guide

Write your resume Your resume serves as an introduction to you. Its purpose is to present an image of you by illustrating your basic talents, strengths, education and experiences. A resume should arouse the curiosity of the reader and make the reader want to talk to you. A good resume will enable you to effectively reaffirm your positive qualities in the interview. It opens the door for conversation during the interview. Most people make two mistakes on their resumes. They try to tell too much. And they focus on titles and positions (what you did) instead of talents and strengths (how well you did it). Your resume should be: A sales brochure for you. It may be used as a direct mail piece of a point-of-sale ad. It is a sales tool that

highlights the results of your background. It should convince the reader that you are worth exploring further, giving enough detail to get you an interview. Your resume should emphasize your accomplishments that would not otherwise be seen in a listing of your previous job functions.

A first impression of you. Most employers are looking for a person who fits specific traits they feel would be successful in the job. Your resume should be a reflection of your personal style and strengths. A listing of responsibilities in previous positions does not give the employer an impression of your personal strengths. This is why it is important to identify your accomplishments before starting the rest of your job campaign.

Career Search Guide

A positive, lasting reminder of you. Your resume should introduce what will eventually be the content of your interview. It also serves as a reminder of your conversation in the interview and allows the employer to remember you as a person.

The key elements of a good resume: Heading: Name, address, telephone number, fax number, e-mail address, and any other means of contacting

you. Summary: A short and concise statement that describes your generic qualifications and style. Employment history: A summary of work experiences and accomplishments that demonstrate your ability to get

results in a position. Education: A list of your educational background including highest degree and technical training. Professional memberships: Memberships and offices held in organizations that support your continuing

development and networking. Publications: A list of publications that support your qualifications as an expert in the field.

Tips for writing an effective resume Resumes go through “phases” during which some things are more acceptable than others. For example, not too long ago it was “fashionable” to end your resume with the phrase “References available upon request.” This is no longer true. The fact is, there are no set rules for creating or formatting your resume. The following “tips” may help you develop your own style of resume. Your goal is to produce a document that emphasizes your talents and strengths in the best light and in a manner with which you feel comfortable. Keep it simple! Use short phrases rather than sentences. Do not expound or embellish. Keep it short! Your resume should never be longer than two pages. An employer MUST be able to scan your

resume in a couple minutes and still catch the essence of its content. Make your resume “user friendly.” Keep it easy to read by using simple words and a direct tone. Bring your resume “alive.” Use action verbs to begin statements. Use accomplishment statements instead of a

recital of job responsibilities. Use the present tense when describing your current position and past tense for past positions.

List education after your employment history. Emphasize experience and accomplishments instead of educational preparation.

Create a resume that is visually attractive. Develop a format that makes use of blocked text offset with large areas of white space. Use a good word processor and printer. Right justify and use the bold feature. Be sure your resume is not “busy” with too little spaces and too many indentations.

Do not abbreviate or use terms that are industry slang. Be sure the reader will know what you are talking about. Write out all numerals unless 10 or above.

Be prepared to update and improve your resume every time you apply for a new position. Customize your skills and accomplishments to what’s important for each different position, putting the most relevant on top (if not using a chronological format).

Use quality paper stock that is 8 ½” by 11” in white, cream, or buff. Pale gray may also be acceptable. Never use odd size or color paper. Match your letterhead and envelopes to your resume paper stock.

Provide reference information on a separate sheet only after they have been requested. Do not give personal information such as marital status, religion, number of children or general physical

condition.

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Styles of resumes Most resume styles described in books and computer programs are based on variations and combinations of two formats: Reverse Chronological and Functional. The key to writing an effective resume is choosing the right style for you — one that emphasizes your strengths and deemphasizes your weaknesses. Whichever resume style you choose, be sure to include examples of results you produced that benefited your previous employer(s). Employers want to see measurable achievements; they want to know that they are going to hire someone who can contribute to their organization’s bottom line. The Reverse Chronological resume This format lists the jobs you’ve had by dates of employment, starting with your most recent job. The usual arrangement is: dates of employment, job title, name and address of company, a brief description of the duties performed, skills used and major ways you have benefited the company. Make sure you include all transferable skills. This format stresses what you accomplished in each of the positions you held.

Use if… Do not use if… You have progressed up a clearly defined career ladder and are looking for career advancement

You have had many different types of jobs

You have recent experience in the field you are seeking You have changed jobs frequently. You have a continuous work history in your field You are trying to change fields.

You are just starting out in your field. The Functional resume This format emphasizes your skills and accomplishments as they relate to the job for which you are applying. Like other resume formats, you should include all transferable skills. A functional resume presents a profile of your experience based on professional strengths or skills groupings. Your employment history usually follows, but in less detail than in a chronological resume. Use if… You have worked for only one employer, but have performed a wide variety of jobs You are applying for a job that is different from your present or most recent job You have little or no job experience (i.e. recent graduates). Emphasize activities that demonstrate qualities such

as leadership and organizational skills at work, or in organizations such as clubs You have gaps in your work history You are re-entering the job market after several years of freelancing, consulting, homemaking or unemployment

Do not use if… Your work history is stable and continuous, because employers assume a functional resume hides a spotty,

unstable work history

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Sample of a Reverse Chronological resume

First Name Last Name Street address City, State, Zip

Email address, if applicable (999) 999 – 9999

Summary: Sales / Marketing professional with 12 years progressively responsible experience with multi-outlet retailers. Demonstrated ability to motivate sales force and increase sales. Skilled in developing advertising campaigns and sales promotions. Experience: Since 1990 Assistant to the Marketing Director, Colonial Kitchens, Inc., Columbus, OH

Supervised a staff of 10, covering operations in three states • Introduced new marketing techniques and set-up training program for key staff to

implement new procedures • Developed promotional campaign, including yearly contest for naming new product styles • Developed successful advertising campaign using radio and print media • Increased sales an average of 30% in all market territories

1984 – 90 Sales Director, Pots and Pans, Inc., Memphis, TN

Supervised sales staff in 15 outlets statewide • Increased sales by 22%, profits by 9% • Developed training programs and yearly goals for outlet managers • Promoted good will by representing firm at community events, Chamber of Commerce and

charitable associations 1980 – 84 Sales Manager, Nickel and Dime’s Department Store, Kile, OH

Managed Hardware and Kitchenware Departments, Supervised 13 sales personnel Ensured suitable display of merchandise on selling floor Analyzed trends and ensured availability of best selling items Controlled inventory for two departments Directed changeover from manual to computer billing and inventory control

Education: Bachelor of Arts, Marketing, Ohio State University, OH References: Available upon request

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Sample of a Functional resume

First Name Last Name Street address City, State, Zip

Email address, if applicable (999) 999 – 9999

OBJECTIVE: Sales / Marketing Director in the Retail Trade Industry EXPERIENCE: Sales: Increased sales by 22% using innovative techniques Developed training programs and yearly goals for sales managers in 15 outlet operations Promoted good will by representing firm at community events, Chamber of Commerce and charitable

associations Ensured suitable display of merchandise on selling floor Directed changeover from manual to computer billing and inventory control

Marketing: Increased sales an average of 30% in market territory Supervised a staff of 10, covering operations in three states Introduced new marketing techniques and set-up training program for key staff to implement new procedures Developed promotional campaign, including yearly contest for naming new product styles Developed successful advertising campaign using radio and print media

WORK HISTORY: 1990 - Present Assistant to the Marketing Director, Colonial Kitchens, Inc., Columbus, OH 1984 – 90 Sales Director, Pots and Pans, Inc., Memphis, TN 1980 – 84 Sales Manager, Nickel and Dime’s Department Store, Kile, OH EDUCATION: Bachelor of Arts, Marketing, Ohio State University, OH REFERENCES: Available upon request

Career Search Guide

Cover letters and thank-you notes Cover letters Every time you send a copy of your resume to a prospective employer, include a cover letter expressing your interest in working for that organization. The cover letter is read by the employer before the resume, thus it forms the employer’s first impression of you. Each letter should be original and individually typed. It should not duplicate information included in your resume. It should briefly highlight the skills or positions that you previously held and draw connections to the position that you currently seek. It can also be used to add additional information that you think is important to the employer. To complete a professional image, you should use the same paper for your cover letter and resume. Your cover letter should include three sections, usually formatted as three separate paragraphs: Address your letter to an individual, correctly spelling the name, title and business address. State clearly the

specific position or type of work you are seeking and how you heard of the position opening. Succinctly tie your qualifications to what you know about the position and organization. Refer to the resume.

Employer research in essential in this step. Highlight and expand on information presented in your resume that is especially relevant to this job.

Request an interview. Specify a date that you will follow up with a phone call. It is your responsibility to take control of your job search and inquire about the next step in the process.

Thank-you note It is appropriate to send a thank-you note after an interview, indicating your respect and appreciation to your prospective employer. This helps you to express your continued interest in the position, as well as portray professionalism to your prospective employer. Thank-you notes should: Be hand-written only if you have very good handwriting. Most people type the thank-you note. Be on good quality, white or cream colored paper Be simple and brief Express your appreciation for the interviewer’s time Show enthusiasm for the job Get across that you can and want to do the job Include an offer to supply the interviewer with any additional information, if required

Career Search Guide

Sample cover letter Street address City, State, Zip December 21, 2002 Mr. Alfred Newman, President Alnew Consolidated Stores, Inc. 1 Newman Place New City, OK 03033 Dear Mr. Newman: I am interested in the position of national sales director, which you recently advertised in the Retail Sales and Marketing newsletter. I am very familiar with your company’s innovative marketing techniques, as well as your enlightened policy in promoting and selling environmentally sound merchandise nationwide. I have been active for some time now in environmental protection projects, both as a representative of my current employer and on my own. I recently successfully introduced a new line of kitchen products that exceeds federal standards, is environmentally safe and is selling well. The enclosed resume outlines my experience and skills in both sales and marketing in the retail field. I would like to meet with you to discuss how my skills would benefit Alnew Consolidated Stores. You can reach me at (513) 987–6543. If I do not hear from you sooner, I will plan to contact you on January 7 to arrange a time when we can get together. Thank you for your time and consideration. Sincerely, First Name Last Name Sample thank-you note Dear Mr. Newman: I really appreciated you taking the time to meet with me this afternoon. I believe that my experience in dealing with new products would fit right in with your marketing plan. I am very interested in working for your company. As we agreed, you will hear from me next Thursday. Sincerely, First Name Last Name

Career Search Guide

Critique your resume Once you have completed your resume, ask yourself the following questions to ensure that it is appropriate and ready to submit to prospective employers. It’s also a good idea to have relatives, friends and other professionals review your resume with these questions in mind. An uninvolved individual’s feedback is often more honest than we allow our own to be. Appearance / Format What is the basic format of this resume? Is this resume pleasing to the eye? Does it make good use of white space? (To test this, try holding the paper upside-down and on its sides. The

printed area of the page should appear relatively balanced from all perspectives). Is the resume right justified? Block formatted? What does the appearance or format say about the person submitting it? Is the paper an appropriately heavy stock and color? Does it match the envelope and other letterhead used? Are there any misspelled words? Is formatting and punctuation consistent throughout the resume?

Content Is the resume “scanable?” Can you get a quick impression by scanning the content with your eyes? Does this resume entice you to read more or know more about this individual? Does this resume give you a good first impression? Is the writing style such that it sounds alive and action oriented? Does this resume simply list the job functions or do you get the sense that this individual can get results? Are there terms or abbreviations that you do not understand? Is this resume interesting or do you have to force yourself to read the entire text? Are there large blocks of text that your eye tends to skip over? Does this resume focus on results as opposed to education? What does this resume say about the person submitting it? What would you do to improve this resume?

Career Search Guide

Prepare for your job interview Research the company. The more you know about the company and the job you are applying for, the better you will appear in the interview. Your interest and motivation will impress an interviewer, and your knowledge about the company will make you better able to explain what you can do for it. Find out as much information as you can about the company, its products and its customers. If possible, talk to people who work at the company. There may be other sources of information on the Web, especially if the company is publicly traded. Practice answers to the common interview questions on page 25. Rehearse these with a friend. You should be able to answer each question in approximately 30 seconds. Your answers should sound comfortable and confident, but be careful not to sound too well rehearsed. Also, be aware that the interviewer might not ask these questions in the same way or they might include some questions that are not included here. So get more comfortable with the answers than the questions listed here. Prepare questions to ask the interviewer. These should be a combination from the list on page 26 as well as ones based on your own personal needs and research of the position. Prepare interview materials. Bring copies of resumes with you (even if you have already submitted one), a list of references, a pen and paper and samples of your previous work, if appropriate. Dress comfortably and professionally. If you are in doubt about how to dress, be conservative. The following can guide you:

Career Search Guide

For Women: For Men: A straightforward business suit is best. A clean, ironed shirt and conservative tie are

necessary. Wear sensible pumps. A simple jacket or business suit is a good idea

as well. Be moderate with make-up and perfume. Shoes should be polished. Wear simple jewelry. Face should be clean-shaven; facial hair should

be neatly trimmed. Hair and fingernails should be well groomed. Hair and fingernails should be well groomed. Use cologne or after-shave sparingly.

Interview do’s and don’ts Do: Ask for a business card Ask questions Be flexible Be specific Clarify Express focused goals Express interest Keep the ball rolling Listen Match your needs to those of the company Polish your facts Relax Show respect Thank the interviewer for his/her time Use notes

Don’t: Argue with the interviewer Ask how you did Assume Be late Be contacted during the interview (pager/cell phone) Bring in the kitchen sink Dominate Initiate talking about money Interrupt Mention other offers Ramble Undersell yourself Use diluted language Use over-inflated language

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Common interview questions Tell me about yourself. Why do you want to work here? What are your best skills? What is your major weakness? Do you prefer to work by yourself or with others? What are your career goals? What are your hobbies? / What do you do for fun? How do you handle stress? What salary are you looking for? What can you do for us that someone else can't do? What did you like best about your previous employer? Least? What qualifications do you have that relate to the position? Tell me about the worst boss you’ve ever had. What new skills or capabilities have you developed recently? Give me an example from a previous job where you've shown initiative. What have been your greatest accomplishments recently? What is important to you in a job? What motivates you in your work? What have you been doing since your last job? What qualities do you find important in a coworker? What would you like to be doing five years from now? How will you judge yourself successful? How will you achieve success? What type of position are you interested in? How will this job fit in your career plans? What do you expect from this job? Rate yourself on a scale from one to ten. Do you have a location preference? Can you travel? What hours can you work? When could you start? What have you learned from your past jobs? What were your biggest responsibilities? What specific skills acquired or used in previous jobs relate to this position? How does your previous experience relate to this position? What did you like most/least about your last job? Whom may we contact for references? How do you think your education has prepared you for this position? What were your favorite classes/activities at school? Why did you choose your major? Do you plan to continue your education?

Career Search Guide

Questions to ask an interviewer What are the responsibilities of this position? To whom would I directly report? Can you tell me about the management style of that individual? How does your company stand apart from its competition? What standards are used to measure employment? How did the position come to be open? What is the retention rate at this company? What are you looking for in a candidate? Ask the interviewer why he/she joined the company, what he/she likes about the company, and how long

he/she has worked there. What career path can I expect with this company/position? If I work hard and prove my value to this company, where can I expect to be five years from now? How will I be trained to perform the duties of this position? I read in ______ that a major competitor of yours is increasing its market share in your main market. What plans

does your firm have to regain its lost market share? What is a workweek like for an individual with this position at your company? What would a typical day look like for me if I was offered this position? How does this position contribute to the overall company mission and philosophy? What characteristics best describe an individual who is successful in this position? How much decision-making authority and autonomy would be given to me as a new employee? What other departments / positions will I interact with most? How would you describe the organization’s culture?

Checklist to ensure a good interview Before the Interview Be prepared to: Dress appropriately for the interview Appear confident with written information about

the company and interviewer’s name, location and time of interview

Answer “surprise” questions the employer is likely to ask

Express your qualifications as they relate to the open position

Discuss your strengths Describe your weaknesses as possible strengths Fill out the application, carefully, completely and

neatly

Career Search Guide

During the Interview Be prepared to: Discuss the company’s

products or services with enthusiasm

State why you want to work for the organization and what you can contribute to it

Know salary ranges, but let the employer bring up the subject and make an offer before discussing pay

Furnish references whom you have already contacted

Appear enthusiastic with a positive attitude

Tell the employer your future plans (1 – 5 years)

Look the interviewer in the eye (or the bridge of his/her nose) Speak well about previous employers Let the employer know you want the job Keep the conversation confined to job-related information Close the interview by asking, “when do you plan to make a decision?” Express appreciation to the interviewer, saying it with a smile, eye-to-eye contact and a firm handshake

After the interview Be prepared to: Review answers and note any changes for future interviews Write a thank you note Follow-up to learn of the employer’s decision

Good Luck!

Career Search Guide

When life doesn’t go as planned… When challenges arise, Aetna Resources For Living provides support, guidance, information and resource referrals to you and your eligible household members. While being laid off can bring about exciting opportunities in the long run, it can also present serious challenges along the way. And the loss of a job not only impacts you, but the whole family as well. At Aetna Resources For Living, we can help with many issues, including: Managing stress and anxiety Coping with grief and loss Enhancing parenting skills Handling conflict Taking control of finances Preparing for your job search Developing leadership skills Conquering addiction Becoming physically fit Dealing with legal matters Locating childcare or eldercare Balancing work and family… and much more.

Services are confidential and free — 24/7, 365 days a year. When You Call We’ll partner with you to assess your needs. If you and/or others in your family need counseling, you will be referred to a local provider. If you need help finding community or government resources, we’ll perform a comprehensive search and provide you with resource options appropriate for your specific situation. We can’t promise you a stress-free life. But we can provide you with tools and support to awaken your own resiliency. Start now. Help is just a call or a click away! Aetna Resources For LivingSM is the brand name used for products and services offered through the Aetna group of subsidiary companies. The EAP is administered by Aetna Behavioral Health, LLC, Aetna Health of California, Inc. and Health and Human Resources Company, Inc.

This material is for informational purposes only. All calls are confidential, except as required by law (i.e., when a person’s emotional condition is a threat to himself/herself or others, or there is suspected child, spousal or elder abuse, or abuse to people with disabilities). Services are available to you and your household members, including dependent children up to age 26, whether they live at home or not.

Information is believed to be accurate as of the production date; however, it is subject to change. For more information about Aetna plans, refer to www.aetna.com.

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