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r;;;::an: Elementary I Back MatterStlIIistics: AStep byStepApproach, Fourth Edition
Tables
© The McGraw-HiliCompanies. Z001
I Appendix C: Tables
c
FactorialsThe BinomialDistribution
ThePoisson Distribution
RandomNumbersThe StandardNormal Distribution
The t DistributionThe Chi-SquareDistribution
TheF Distribution
CriticalValues for the PPMCCriticalValuesfor the SignTestCriticalValues for the Wilcoxon SignedRankTestCriticalValuesfor the Rank CorrelationCoefficientCriticalValues for the Numberof Runs
CriticalValuesfor the TukeyTest
668
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Bluman: ElementaryStatistics: AStep byStepApproach, Fourth Edition
BackMatter Glossary ofSymbols © The McGraw-HiliCompanies, 2001
Q
Glossary of Symbols
a y intercept of a line MR Midrange
(¥ Probability of a type I error MSB Mean square between groups
b Slope of a line MSw Mean square within groups (error)
(3 Probability of a type IT error n Sample size
C Column:frequency N Population size
cf Cumulative frequency neE) Number of ways E can occur
.c, Number of combinations of n objects taking n(S) Number of outcomes in the sample spacerata time 0 Observed frequency
C.V. Critical value P Percentile; ProbabilityCVar Coefficient of variation p Probability; population proportionD Difference; decile p Sample proportion15 Mean of the differences p Weighted estimate of pdJ. Degrees of freedom P(BIA) Conditional probabilitydJ.N. Degrees of freedom, numerator peE) Probability of an event EdJ.D. Degrees of freedom, denominator peE) Probability of the complement ofEE Event; expected frequency; maximum error .r; Number of permutations of n objects taking
of estimate rat a timeE Complement of an event
'iT Pi.,., 3.14e Euler's constant s- 2.7183 Q QuartileE(X) Expected value q 1 - p; test value for Tukey test
f Frequency q I-pF F test value; failure q 1-pF' Critical value for the Scheffe test R Range; rank sumMD Median Fs Scheffe test value
GM Geometric mean
8 Kruskal-Wallis test value rs Spearman rank correlation coefficient
8 0 Null hypothesis S Sample space; success
HI Alternative hypothesis S Sample standard deviation
lIM: Harmonic mean s2 Sample variance
k Number of samples U Population standard deviation
"- Number of occurrences for the Poisson u2 Population variancedistribution
Ux Standard error of the meanSD Standard deviation of the differences
~ Summation notationSest Standard error of estimate Ws Smaller sum of signed ranks, WilcoxonSSB Sum of squares between groups signed-rank test
SSw Sum of squares within groups X Data value; number of successes for a
sj- Between-group variance binomial distribution
s* Within-group variance X Sample mean
t ttest value x Independent variable in regression
t0i/2 Two-tailed t critical value XOM Grand mean
JL Population mean Xm Midpoint of a class
JLD Mean of the population differences X2 Chi-square
J.Lx Mean of the sample means y Dependent variable in regression
w Class width; weights y' Predicted y value
r Sample correlation coefficient Z z test value or z score
.R Multiple correlation coefficient Za/2 Two-tailed critical z value
r2 Coefficient of determination ! Factorial
p Population correlation coefficient
Bluman:ElementaryStatistics: A Step byStepApproach.Fourth Edition
I BackMatter I Glossary of Symbols © The McGraw-HiliCompanies. 2001
Foundations ofEngineering Economy
I
© The McGrew-HiliCompenies. 2002
1.Foundations ofEngineering Economy
The need for engineering economy is primarily motivated by the work thatengineers do in performing analysis, synthesizinq, and coming to a conclusion as they work on projects of all sizes. In other words, engineering economy is at the heart of making decisions. These decisions involve the fundamental elements of cash flows of money, time, and interest rates. Thischapter introduces the basic concepts and terminology necessaryfor an engineer to combine these three essential elements in organized, mathematically correct ways to solve problems that will lead to better decisions. Manyof the terms common to economic decision making are introduced here andused in later chapters of the text. Icons in the margins serve as back and forward cross-referencesto more fundamental and additional material through-out the book. .
The case study included after the end-of-chapter problems focuses onthe development of engineering economy alternatives.
Blank-TBrquin: Level One:ThisIs HowhEngineering Economy, Fihh AllStartsEdition
Blank-Tarquin: Level One: ThisIs How ItEngineering Economy, Fifth AllStartsEdition
1.Foundations ofEngineering Economy
© The McGraw-HiliCompanies, 2002
8. Identify the Excel© spreadsheet functions commonly used tosolve engineering economy problems.
4. Perform calculations about interest rates and rate of return.
7. Identify and use engineering economy terminology andsymbols.
6. Calculate simple interest and compound interest for one ormore interest periods.
5. Understand what equivalence means in economic terms.
3. Identify what is needed to successfullyperform anengineering economy study.
2. Determine the role of engineering economy in the decisionmaking process.
9. Understand the meaning and use of Minirnum AttractiveRate of Return (MARR).
1. Understand the types of questions engineering economycan answer.
10. Understand cash flows, their estimation, and how tographically represent them.
11. Usethe rule of 72 to estimate a compound interest rate ornumber of years for a present worth amount to double.
12. Develop a spreadsheet that involves simple and compoundinterest, incorporating sensitivity analysis.
This chapter will help you:
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
8luman: ElementaryStatistics:AStepbyStepApproach. Fourth Edition
BackMatter Appendix C:Tables © The McGraw-HiliCompanies, 2001
Appendix Tables 669
Bluman: ElementaryStatistics: AStep byStepAPproach, Fourth Edition
Appendix Tables
BackMatter Appendix C: Tables © The McGraw-HiliCompanies, 2001
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BackMatter AppendiX C: Tables © The McGrew-HiliCompanies, 2001
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Bluman: ElementaryStatistics: AStep byStepAPproach, Fourth Edition
Appendix Tables
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Bluman: ElementaryStatistics: AStep byStepApproach. Fourth Edition
BackMatter Appendix C: Tables © The McGraw-HiliCompanies. 2001
Appendix Tables 673
Note: Allvaluesof 0.0005 or less are omitted.
Source: JohnE.Freund, Modem Elementary Statistics, 8th ed., © 1992.Reprintedby permissionof Prentice Hall, Inc., Upper SaddleRiver,NewJersey.
Bluman: Elementary I lIaCK MlIIIer
Statistics: AStep byStepApproach. Fourth Edition
Appendix Tables
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Appendix Tables
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Appendix Tables
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Appendix Tables
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Reprinted with permission from W.H. Beyer, Handbook ofTables for Probability and Statistics, 2nd ed. Copyright CRC Press, Boca Raton,Florida, 1986.
Reprinted with permission frOID W. H. Beyer, Handbook ofTables for Probability and Statistics, 2nd ed. Copyright CRC Press, Boca Raton,
Florida, 1986.
682
Bluman: ElementaryStatistics: AStep byStepApproach, Fourth Edition
Appendix Tables
Back Matter Appendix C: Tables
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DackMatter Appendix C:Tables © The McGraw-HiliCompanies. 2001
. Appendix Tables 683
o z
Note:Use 0.4999for z valuesabove 3.09.
Source: FrederickMostellerand RobertE. K. Rourke,SturdyStatistics, TableA-I (Reading,Mass.: Addison-Wesley, 1973). Reprinted with'permission of the copyrightowners. . Area given
in table
Statistics: AStep byStepApproach. Fourth Edition
684 Appendix Tables
"Thisvaluehas been rounded to 1.28 in the textbook.
!>This valuehas been rounded to 1.65 in the textbook.
'This valuehas been rounded to 2.33 in the textbook.
dJ1ris valuehas been rounded to 2.58 in the textbook.
Source:AdaptedfromW. H. Beyer, Handbook ofTables for Probability and Statistics. 2nded., CRCPress, BocaRaton, Florida, 1986.Reprintedwith permission.
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Back Matter Appendix C: Tables
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Appendix Tables 685
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Source: Donald B. Owen. Handbook ofStatistics Tables, © 1962, by Addison-Wesley Publishing Co., Inc .. Reading, Massachusetts. Table
A-5. Reprinted with permission ofAddison-Woo", Longman. IG=:__X2
Bluman: ElementaryStatistics: AStepbyStepApproach, Fourth Edition
Appendix Tables
BackMatter AppendixC: Tables © The McGraw-HiliCompanies. 2001
Cit Bluman: ElementaryStatistics: A Step byStepApproach, Fourth Edition
BackMatter Appendix C: Tables © The McGraw-HiliCompanies. 2001
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Appendix Tables 689
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Note:TableJ is for one-tailed or two-tailedtests.The termn representsthe totalnumberof + and - signs.The test valueis the number of less frequent signs.
Source:FromJournal ofAmericanStatistical Association Vol. 41(1946)pp. 557-66.W. J. Dixon andA. M. Mood.
Appendix C:Tables
Source: FromBiometrika Tables for Statisticians Vol. 1 (1962)p. 138.Reprinted withpermission.
..., I Bluman: Elementary I BackMetterStatistics:A StepbyStepApproach. Fourth Edition
Bluman: Elementary I BackMatterSt8tistics: AStep by StepApproach, Fourth Edition
I AppendixG:Tables© The McGraw-HiliCompanies, 2001
Source: From SomeRapid Approximate StatisticalProcedures,Copyright1949,1964LerderleLaboratories,AmericanCyanamidCo.,Wayne, N.J.Reprinted withpermission.
692 Appendix Tables
Source:From N. L. Johnsonand F. C. Leone,Statisticaland ExperimentalDesign, Vol. I (1964),p. 412. Reprintedwith permission from the Instituteof MathematicalStatistics.
Source:Adaptedfrom C. Eisenhardtand F. Swed, 'Tables for TestingRandomness of Groupingin a Sequenceof Alternatives," The Annals ofStatistics 14 (1943), pp. 83-86. Reprintedwith permissionof the Institute of Mathematical Statisticsand of the Benjamin/Cummings Publishing Company, in whose publication,Elementary Statistics, 3rd ed. (1989), by MarioF.Triola,this table appears.
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BackMatter Appendix C: Tables
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Appendix Tables 693
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