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Take notes Only take notes on new material
New material will be in blue
_____ land that rose gradually from _____ to west
Land eroded by _____ and _____
_____ rainfall Frequent _____
storms
FLAT
EAST
WIND
WATER
LOW
DUST
* Before the Civil War the Great Plains was seen as a treeless wasteland* After the Civil War new technology changed this view of the Great Plains and it was considered a vast area to be settled
____________was used to keep cattle in and predators out
A ______________ would make it possible to cultivate the hard soil
_______________ was perfect for crops like wheat and barley
Since there was no wood, houses in the Great Plains was made of _______________.
Because of the _______________, people no longer had to depend on water ways as the only means of fast, cheap travel.
_______________ were used to pull water out of the ground for animals and people.
Large amounts of _______________ could be raised and shipped back east for processing.
People had a variety of reasons to move west Opportunities to own land through the
__________ Act. The possibility of finding __________ in California
and the Rocky Mountains The feeling of discovery and __________ __________ wanted a fresh start away from the
discrimination in the east New __________ made it easier to live out west
Homestead
Gold and Silver
Adventure!!
Former Slaves
Inventions
The Homestead Act, passed in 1862, promised 180 acres of land to anyone that would farm it for ??? years Small filing fee FREE LAND!!
Problems with Homesteading Immigrants and easterners rushed west for
free land Not many had the money to move west
and start a farm Only about 20% of the land actually went
to small farmers Most of it went to large companies who sold it
at high prices
Exodusters African Americans
Moved west to escape discrimination they faced in the south at the end of Reconstruction
A large group moved to Kansas in 1879
40,000-70,000 moved by 1881
Named themselves Exodusters after the chapter in the Bible, Exodus
Last major rush took place in Oklahoma Government forced the Natives to sell
their land and move Farmers could claim free homesteads in
Oklahoma, but not until noon on April 22, 1889
100,000 people lined the OK boarder A gunshot sounded at noon and people
took off! “Boomers” (those who left at noon) arrived
to find the “Sooners” had snuck over the boarder in the night and claimed the much of the best land
Shelter Very little trees so
farmers began building housed out of sod, soil held together by grass roots
Sod houses had problems
Leaked when it rained Snakes damp
Sodbusting The sod that covered the Great Plains
could crack a wood or iron plow A new steel plow allowed farmers to bust
through the sod and plant their fields That’s why they are known as “sodbusters”
Windmills helped bring up water that laid deep underground
Reapers, threshing machines and binders helped harvest crops.
Surviving the Climate Dry climate was a threat
Could kill crops Fire that could travel “as fast as a horse
could run” Grasshoppers Horrible winters that buried people and
animals inside their homes
Women on the Plains Had to be strong Made everything by hand
Soap Clothes Candles Preserved food for winter Other goods
Women on the Plains Most school teachers were women Tended to the sick if there were no
doctors Lived miles apart
Church, picnics, dances, and weddings were big deals!
The Category is REGIONS? Question: What region would former
slaves leave?
The Category is Westward Expansion: the Video.
During the Westward Expansion rap, we learned that Native Americans had to adapt to the white American culture. What vocabulary term means “to adapt to another’s culture?” Hint: It begins with the letter “A”