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8/10/2019 Tatap Muka 3-3 -2-Struktur Sel Eukariot-charis 2014
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STRUKTUR SEL EUKARIOT
Tatap muka - 3
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Cytoplasm of Eukaryotes
Membranous Organelles
Nucleus
Endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi body
Lysosomes, peroxisomes, vacuoles, and vesicles
Mitochondria
Chloroplasts
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Lysosomes, Peroxisomes, Vacuoles, and
Vesicles
Store and transfer chemicals within cells
May store nutrients in cell
Lysosomes contain catabolic enzymes
Peroxisomes contain enzymes that degrade
poisonous wastes
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Charis Amarantini Biologi Sel
LISOSOM (lysiscut)
- single membrane, variable size
- membraneous sacs containing a large variety of low pH hydrolytic
enzymes-plants contain the analogous vacuoles
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Lysosomes circular, but bigger than
ribosomes
Garbage disposal of thecell
Contain digestive
enzymes that breakdown wastes
Function: to breakdown food into particlesthe rest of the cell can
use and to destroy oldcells
Nickname: Clean-upCrews
Which organelles do
lysosomes work with?
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Mitochondria
An intracellular organelle.
There are 100 to 1000s of mitochondria/cell.
All mitochondria come from the mother.
Mitochondria have their own DNA.
Found in all cell types, except the RBC.
Major functions of mitochondria:
Makes energy in the form of ATP.
Programmed cell death (apoptosis).
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Mitochondria (mitosthread, chondrosgranule)
evolved from aerobic bacteria
site of cellular respiration (aerobic metabolism)large ellipsoid ~ 2000/eukaryotic cell (~ 1/5 cell)
two lipid membranes
smooth outer & highly folded inner with invaginations called cristae
has two spaces (inner membrane space & matrix internal space)
Interior matrix contains 70S ribosomes and circular molecule of DNA
respiratory enzymes form gel-like matrix of inner membrane
Produce most of cells ATP
couples chemical energy from nutrient oxidation to synthesis
of ATP (energy storage molecule)ATP is exported to rest of cell to fuel processes
contains DNA, RNA and ribosomes for the synthesis of
some mitochondrial components
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Chloroplast
Found only in plant cells
Contains the green pigmentchlorophyll
Site of food (glucose)production
Bound by a doublemembrane
Function: traps energy fromthe sun to produce food forthe plant cell