Teма 10(author O.Mazuru).pdf

8/10/2019 Te 10(author O.Mazuru).pdf

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The State University of Medicine and

PharmacyN. Testemitanu

Chief of departament of Histology, Cytology and EmbryologyLilian Saptefrati

Vice Chief of departament of Histology, Cytology and Embryology

Tatiana Globa


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Theme10

CONNECTIVE TISSUES

Skeletal tissues


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Common characteristics of skeletal

tissues

common function supporting,

common source of developing

mesenchyme ,

structural identity formed by the special

types of the cells and extracellular matrix

that characterizes the functional

properties of tissues .


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Classification of cartilage


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Properties of cartilage tissues are:

no vessels ,

ability to

continued growth , strength and

elasticity ,

low level ofmetabolism .


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Components of cartilage tissues

Cells : - chondrogenic cells

- chondroblasts

- chondrocytes

Extracellular matrix: - collagen fibers

- elastic fibers- ground substance


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Functions of cartilage tissues

skeletal support ( during the embrionic

period),

elongation (endochondral ossification),

sliding area for joints and facilitated bones

movements,

flexible support (for ears and ear tubes,trachea and bronchi).


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Chondrogenesis

formation of chondrogenic islands ,

differentiation of chondroblasts and beginning of secretionextracellular matrixs substances,

growth cartilage bookmarks (interstitial andappositional growth).


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Chondrogenesis


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Hyaline cartilage

perichondrium

young chondrocyte

interterritorial matrix

isogenous group ofchondrocytes

territorial matrix


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Perichondrium.

It has two layers:- outer (fibrous)- formed by dense regular

connective tissues. Provide mechanical

support, protection, attachment.- inner (cellular)- contains chondrogenic

cells, chondroblasts. Provide cartilage

growth and maintenance.


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Hyaline cartilage

perichondrium

chondroblast

young chondrocyte

isogenous group of

chondrocytes

territorial matrix

interterritorial matrix


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Elastic cartilage

perichondruim

chondroblast

young

chondrocyte

isogenous

group of

condrocytes

elastic fibers


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Elastic cartilage

perichondruim

chondroblast

young chondrocyte

isogenous group of

condrocytes

elastic fibers


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Elastic cartilage

have the flexibility , macroscopically -

yellowish, opaque

tissue ,

cells produce type II

collagen and elastin,

matrix contains elastic

fibers.


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Elastic cartilage

Location:

-auricle,

-the ear canal,

-Eustachian tube,-the epiglottis,

-some cartilages of

the larynx.

Not exposed to

calcification.


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Fibrocartilage tissues

- mechanically resistant ,- located into pubic symphysis, intervertebral

discs, in the places of attachment of tendons tobone or hyaline cartilage ,

- no perichondrium .


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Bone

- form a skeleton thatprotects internal organsfrom damage,

- storage of minerals(calcium, phosphorus,and many others)- surrounds the bonemarrow,- form a system oflevers (Biophysics of

the movements).


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Osteoblasts

synthesis of organic components matrix (type I

collagen, proteoglycans, and glycoproteins),

located on the surface of the bone,

the degree of basophilia of the cytoplasm

decreases with a decrease in functional activity,

surrounding by them self with matrix transform

into osteocytes, forming a gap around it,

form the osteoid young ,not mineralized area

of the matrix.


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Osteocytes


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Osteoclasts


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Bone matrix consist of :

inorganic matter, 50% (calcium,

phosphate, bicarbonate, magnesium, etc.)

the organic component (collagen type I)

and ground substance (proteoglycans and

glycoproteins).

Intramembranous ossification


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Intramembranous ossification

(primary)


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Endochondral ossification


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Endochondral ossification

(secondary)


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Compact bone


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Teма 10(author O.Mazuru).pdf