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911645
2SUPERVISOR'S USE ONLY
9 11 6 4 M
© Mana Tohu Mātauranga o Aotearoa, 2015. Pūmau te mana. Kia kaua rawa he wāhi o tēnei tuhinga e whakahuatia ki te kore te whakaaetanga tuatahi a te Mana Tohu Mātauranga o Aotearoa.
MĀ TE KAIMĀKA ANAKE
TAPEKE
Te Mātauranga Matū, Kaupae 2, 201591164M Te whakaatu māramatanga ki te honohono,
te hanga, ngā āhuatanga me ngā huringa pūngao
9.30 i te ata Rāhina 23 Whiringa-ā-rangi 2015 Whiwhinga: Rima
Paetae Kaiaka KairangiTe whakaatu māramatanga ki te honohono, te hanga, ngā āhuatanga me ngā huringa pūngao.
Te whakaatu māramatanga hōhonu ki te honohono, te hanga, ngā āhuatanga me ngā huringa pūngao.
Te whakaatu māramatanga matawhānui ki te honohono, te hanga, ngā āhuatanga me ngā huringa pūngao.
Tirohia mēnā e rite ana te Tau Ākonga ā-Motu (NSN) kei runga i tō puka whakauru ki te tau kei runga i tēnei whārangi.
Me whakamātau koe i ngā tūmahi KATOA kei roto i tēnei pukapuka.
He taka pūmotu kua whakaritea ki te Rau Rauemi L2-CHEMMR.
Mēnā ka hiahia whārangi atu anō koe mō ō tuhinga, whakamahia ngā whārangi wātea kei muri o tēnei pukapuka, ka āta tohu ai i te tau tūmahi.
Tirohia mēnā e tika ana te raupapatanga o ngā whārangi 2 – 21 kei roto i tēnei pukapuka, ka mutu, kāore tētahi o aua whārangi i te takoto kau.
ME HOATU RAWA KOE I TĒNEI PUKAPUKA KI TE KAIWHAKAHAERE Ā TE MUTUNGA O TE WHAKAMĀTAUTAU.
Te Mātauranga Matū 91164M, 2015
MĀ TE KAIMĀKA
ANAKE
TŪMAHI TUATAHI
(a) TātuhiatehangangaaLewis(hoahoatongiirahiko)mōiarāpoingotaewhaiakenei:
Te rāpoi ngota O2 OCl2 CH2O
Hanganga a Lewis
(b) Kataeaengāngotawarotehonokingāngotarerekēkiaputaaingāmomopūhuirerekēmaha.
EwhakaatuanatetūtohiewhaiakeitehangangaLewismōngārāpoingotaeruaewhaiwaroanaheingotapū,teCCl4meteCOCl2.Hererekēngākokihonongamengāāhuaoēneirāpoingota.
Te rāpoi ngota
CCl4 COCl2
Hanganga a Lewis Cl C Cl
Cl
ClCl C Cl
O
AromātaihiatehangangaLewisoiarāpoingotaheiwhakatauitetakehererekēngākokihonongamengāāhua.
Itōtuhingamewhakauruekoe:
• tekokihonongaāwhiwhiiiarāpoingota
• teāhuaoiarāpoingota
• ngātakeewhakariteaiiteāhuametekokihonongamōiarāpoingota.
2
QUESTION ONE
(a) DrawtheLewisstructure(electrondotdiagram)foreachofthefollowingmolecules.
Molecule O2 OCl2 CH2O
Lewis structure
(b) Carbonatomscanbondwithdifferentatomstoformmanydifferentcompounds.
ThefollowingtableshowstheLewisstructurefortwomoleculescontainingcarbonasthecentralatom,CCl4andCOCl2.Thesemoleculeshavedifferentbondanglesandshapes.
Molecule CCl4 COCl2
Lewis structure Cl C Cl
Cl
ClCl C Cl
O
EvaluatetheLewisstructureofeachmoleculetodeterminewhytheyhavedifferentbondanglesandshapes.
Inyouranswer,youshouldinclude:
• theapproximatebondangleineachmolecule
• theshapeofeachmolecule
• factorsthatdeterminetheshapeandbondangleforeachmolecule.
3
Chemistry 91164, 2015
ASSESSOR’S USE ONLY
Te Mātauranga Matū 91164M, 2015
MĀ TE KAIMĀKA
ANAKE
(c) HererekēngārāpoingotaoBeCl2meBF3itemeakāoreitetinorawakangāirahikomōngāngotapū,BemeB,kiawhaiangaāpitikī.KuawhakaaturiangāhangangaaLewisiraronei.
Cl Be Cl F B FF
Heōritetepitoruatanga1ongārāpoingotaerua.
Porohitatiatekupuewhakaahuaanaitepitoruatangaoauarāpoingota.
pitorua pitokore
Parahautiatōkōwhiringa.
1tōranga
4
(c) BeCl2andBF3areunusualmoleculesbecausetherearenotenoughelectronsforthecentralatoms,BeandB,tohaveafullvalenceshell.TheirLewisstructuresareshownbelow.
Cl Be Cl F B FF
Bothmoleculeshavethesamepolarity.
Circlethewordthatdescribesthepolarityofthesemolecules.
polar non-polar
Justifyyourchoice.
5
Chemistry 91164, 2015
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Te Mātauranga Matū 91164M, 2015
MĀ TE KAIMĀKA
ANAKE
(d) Katauhohetehaurehuwaiwaroruaewaro,C2H4(g),kitehaurehupūkane,Br2(g),eaikitewhāriteewhaiake.
C C (g) + Br Br (g) H C C H (g)H
H
H H H
Br BrH
Tātaihiatehuringahāwera,∆rH°,mōtetauhohengaiwaengaingāhaurehuwaiwaroruaewarometepūkane,eaikingāhāwerahonongatohariteirotoitetūtohiiraro.
Whakaaturiakatoatiaōmahingametewhakauruingāwaehāngaikitōwhakautu.
Hononga Hāwera hononga toharite / kJ mol–1
Br–Br 193C–C 346C=C 614C–Br 285C–H 414
6
(d) Ethenegas,C2H4(g),reactswithbrominegas,Br2(g),asshownintheequationbelow.
C C (g) + Br Br (g) H C C H (g)H
H
H H H
Br BrH
Calculatetheenthalpychange,∆rH°,forthereactionbetweenetheneandbrominegases,giventheaveragebondenthalpiesinthetablebelow.
Showyourworkingandincludeappropriateunitsinyouranswer.
Bond Average bond enthalpy / kJ mol–1
Br–Br 193C–C 346C=C 614C–Br 285C–H 414
7
Chemistry 91164, 2015
ASSESSOR’S USE ONLY
Te Mātauranga Matū 91164M, 2015
MĀ TE KAIMĀKA
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TŪMAHI TUARUA
(a) Keirotoingāwhakamahanaringatētahimehangatinopūhakerawaotekonutaiehākawa2 (sodiumethanoate),ā,inawhakahohea,kawhātioatametewhakaputawera.
Porohitatiatekupuewhakaahuapaianaitēneitauhohenga.
putawera pauwera
Homaitētahipūtakemōtōkōwhiringa.
(b) (i) Whakanaohiaaitekūhukairotoingātipuitewāoteahotakakameinatauhohetehauhā3,CO2(g),metewai,H2O(),kiaputaaitekūhuka,C6H12O6(aq),metehaurehuhāora,O2(g).Kataeatewhakaatutetauhohengaahotakakamemātewhāriteewhaiake:
6CO2(g) + 6H2O() → C6H12O6(aq) + 6O2(g)∆rH°=2803kJmol–1
Porohitatiatekupuewhakaahuapaianaitēneitauhohenga.
putawera pauwera
Homaitētahipūtakemōtōkōwhiringa.
(ii) Tātaihiaehiatenuiotepūngaokawhenumitia,kaputarāneiirotoitetauhohengaahotakakamemēnākatinotauhohete19.8gotehauhā,CO2(g),kitewaiinati,H2O(),kiaputatekūhuka,C6H12O6(aq),metehaurehuhāora,O2(g).
Whakaaturiakatoatiaōmahingametewhakauruingāwaehāngaikitōwhakautu.
M(CO2)=44.0gmol–1
2konutaiwinika3warohāora-rua
8
QUESTION TWO
(a) Handwarmerscontainasupersaturatedsolutionofsodiumethanoatewhich,whenactivated,crystallisesandreleasesheat.
Circlethetermthatbestdescribesthisreaction.
exothermic endothermic
Giveareasonforyourchoice.
(b) (i) Glucoseismadeinplantsduringphotosynthesiswhencarbondioxidegas,CO2(g),andwater,H2O(),reacttoproduceglucose,C6H12O6(aq),andoxygengas,O2(g).Thephotosynthesisreactioncanberepresentedbythefollowingequation:
6CO2(g) + 6H2O() → C6H12O6(aq) + 6O2(g)∆rH°=2803kJmol–1
Circlethetermthatbestdescribesthisreaction.
exothermic endothermic
Giveareasonforyourchoice.
(ii) Calculatehowmuchenergyisabsorbedorreleasedinthephotosynthesisreactionif19.8gofcarbondioxidegas,CO2(g),reactscompletelywithexcesswater,H2O(),toformglucose,C6H12O6(aq),andoxygengas,O2(g).
Showyourworkingandincludeappropriateunitsinyouranswer.
M(CO2)=44.0gmol–1
9
Chemistry 91164, 2015
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Te Mātauranga Matū 91164M, 2015
MĀ TE KAIMĀKA
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(c) Kawhakamahiatētahitōpuniitiwhaihaurehupūwaro,C4H10(g),kitewhakawerawai,eaikitehoahoairaro.Kaineaetētahiākongatehuringapaemahanairotoitewaimetetātaiitengingihaotepūwaro3.65g,kawhakaputainate106kJotewera.
HAUREHU
Thermometer
Metal can
Water
Tap
Small camping gas ‘bottle’
Inepaemahana
Kēnemaitai
Wai
Kōrere
‘Pātara’haurehupuniiti
Ewhakaaturiaanatetauhohengamōtengingihaotepūwarokitewhāriteiraro.
2C4H10(g) + 13O2(g) → 8CO2(g) + 10H2O()
(i) Tātaihiatepanonihāweranoa(∆rH)mōtēneitauhohenga,mātewhakamahiingāinengaorunga.
M(C4H10)=58.0gmol–1
10
(c) Asmallcampstovecontainingbutanegas,C4H10(g),isusedtoheatsomewater,asshowninthediagrambelow.Astudentmeasuresthetemperaturechangeinthewaterandcalculatesthatwhen3.65gofbutaneiscombusted,106kJofheatisreleased.
GAS
Thermometer
Metal can
Water
Tap
Small camping gas ‘bottle’
Thereactionforthecombustionofbutaneisshownintheequationbelow.
2C4H10(g) + 13O2(g) → 8CO2(g) + 10H2O()
(i) Calculatetheenthalpychange(∆rH)forthisreaction,basedontheabovemeasurements.
M(C4H10)=58.0gmol–1
11
Chemistry 91164, 2015
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Te Mātauranga Matū 91164M, 2015
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(ii) Kotehuringahāweraewhakaaetiaanamōtetauhohengangingihaotehaurehupūwaro,C4H10(g),he∆r H=–5754kJmol
–1.
Whakamāramahiatetakehererekēteotingaitātaihiaekoeitewāhanga(c)(i)kiteuaraewhakaaetiaana.
MehomaiekoengātakeeRUAnekeaturāneiitōtuhinga.
(iii) Whakaotihia,mengātapangaanō,tehoahoapūngaomōtengingihaotehaurehupūwaroewhakaatuanaingāpūmatūhohe,ngāhua,metehuriotehāwera.
Energy
Reaction proceeds
Pūngao
Haeretonutetauhohenga
12
(ii) Theacceptedenthalpychangeforthecombustionreactionofbutanegas,C4H10(g),is∆rH=–5754kJmol
–1.
Explainwhytheresultyoucalculatedinpart(c)(i)isdifferenttotheacceptedvalue.
Inyouranswer,youshouldincludeatleastTWOreasons.
(iii) Complete,includinglabels,theenergydiagramforthecombustionofbutanegasshowingreactants,products,andthechangeinenthalpy.
Energy
Reaction proceeds
13
Chemistry 91164, 2015
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Te Mātauranga Matū 91164M, 2015
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(iv) Hekorawhaitaketehaurehupūwaroitemeainangingihatia,kaputahepūngao.
Whakamāramahiatetakeheahaiwhakaputainaaihepūngaoitēneitauhohenga,eaikitewaihangametewāwāhihononga.
Kāoreehiahiatiaanahetātaitanga.
14
(iv) Butanegasisausefulfuelbecausewhenitundergoescombustion,energyisreleased.
Explainwhyenergyisreleasedinthisreaction,intermsofmakingandbreakingbonds.
Nocalculationsarerequired.
15
Chemistry 91164, 2015
ASSESSOR’S USE ONLY
Te Mātauranga Matū 91164M, 2015
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TŪMAHI TUATORU
(a) Whakaotihiatetūtohiiraromātekīmaiitemomototoka,temomokorakorakeiroto,mengātōpanakumeiwaengaingākorakoraiiatotoka.
Totoka Tūmomo totoka Tūmomo korakora Ngā tōpana kume i waenga korakora
Cu(s)(konukura)
PCl3(s)(pūtūtaewhetū
pūhaumāota-toru)
SiO2(s)(takawaihāora-rua)
KCl(s)(konurehupūhaumāota)
(b) Hewēitepaemahanarūmatepūtūtaewhetūpūhaumāota-toru,PCl3,ā,kāoreekawehikoana.
Whakamāramahiamaiēneikitengaeruaeaikingākorakora,hanganga,metehonohonootePCl3.
16
QUESTION THREE
(a) Completethetablebelowbystatingthetypeofsolid,thetypeofparticle,andtheattractiveforcesbetweentheparticlesineachsolid.
Solid Type of solid Type of particle Attractive forces between particles
Cu(s)(copper)
PCl3(s)(phosphorustrichloride)
SiO2(s)(silicondioxide)
KCl(s)(potassiumchloride)
(b) Phosphorustrichloride,PCl3,isaliquidatroomtemperature,anddoesnotconductelectricity.
Explainthesetwoobservationsintermsoftheparticles,structure,andbondingofPCl3.
17
Chemistry 91164, 2015
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Te Mātauranga Matū 91164M, 2015
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(c) Whakaarohiaiatotokaotekonukara,Cu,takawaihāora-rua,SiO2,metekonurehupūhaumāota,KCl.
Whakaotihiatetūtohiiraromātetautohukeiēheaoēneitotokangāāhuatangaōkikoerārangitiaana.
Ngā āhuatanga ōkiko Totoka
Kāoretetotokaerewairotoitewai,ā,hemāngohe.
Herewatetotokairotoitewai,ā,eharaitemāngohe.
Kāoretetotokaerewairotoitewai,ā,eharaitemāngohe.
ParahautiaōkōwhiringaeRUAeaikingākorakora,hanganga,metehonongaoēneitotoka.Kawhakaaetiatewhakamahihoahoaheitautokoitōtuhinga.
18
(c) Considereachofthesolidscopper,Cu,silicondioxide,SiO2,andpotassiumchloride,KCl.
Completethetablebelowbyidentifyingwhichofthesesolidshavethelistedphysicalproperties:
Physical properties Solid
Thesolidisinsolubleinwaterandismalleable.
Thesolidissolubleinwaterandisnotmalleable.
Thesolidisinsolubleinwaterandisnotmalleable.
JustifyTWOofyourchoicesintermsoftheparticles,structure,andbondingofthesesolids.Youmayusediagramsinyourjustification.
19
Chemistry 91164, 2015
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Te Mātauranga Matū 91164M, 2015
MĀ TE KAIMĀKA
ANAKETAU TŪMAHI
He whārangi anō ki te hiahiatia.Tuhia te (ngā) tau tūmahi mēnā e tika ana.
20
21
Chemistry 91164, 2015
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QUESTION NUMBER
Extra paper if required.Write the question number(s) if applicable.
911
64
M
Level 2 Chemistry, 201591164M Demonstrate understanding of bonding,
structure, properties and energy changes
9.30 a.m. Monday 23 November 2015 Credits: Five
Achievement Achievement with Merit Achievement with ExcellenceDemonstrate understanding of bonding, structure, properties and energy changes.
Demonstrate in-depth understanding of bonding, structure, properties and energy changes.
Demonstrate comprehensive understanding of bonding, structure, properties and energy changes.
Check that the National Student Number (NSN) on your admission slip is the same as the number at the top of this page.
You should attempt ALL the questions in this booklet.
A periodic table is provided on the Resource Sheet L2–CHEMMR.
If you need more room for any answer, use the extra space provided at the back of this booklet and clearly number the question.
Check that this booklet has pages 2 – 21 in the correct order and that none of these pages is blank.
YOU MUST HAND THIS BOOKLET TO THE SUPERVISOR AT THE END OF THE EXAMINATION.
English translation of the wording on the front cover