TECHNICAL COMMITTEE ON Special Effects … COMMITTEE ON SPECIAL EFFECTS First Draft Meeting Minutes October 2, 2013 10 AM-6 PM EDT NFPA, Quincy, Ma Adobe Connect/Conference Call Meeting

TECHNICAL COMMITTEE ON

Special Effects AGENDA

Second Draft Meeting October 30, 2014

Embassy Suites Baltimore Inner Harbor 8 AM-4 PM

Note- Continental Breakfast served at 7:30AM. Lunch served at noon.

Day One-8 AM

1. Welcome. Josh Lazarus, Chair

2. Introductions and Update of Committee Roster. (Attached)

3. Approval of FD Meeting Minutes October 2, 2013. (Attached)

4. Staff updates.

a) Committee membership update. b) Annual 2015 revision cycle schedule review. (Attached) c) New Process Presentation.

5. Review of Public Comments NFPA 160. (Attached)

6. Review of Public Comments NFPA 1126. (Attached)

7. Task Group Report and Review-Hybrid Flame Effects. (Attached)

8. Other/New Business.

Proposed change to A. 3.3.19-Glenn Dean (Attached)

9. Formation of Task Groups for Next Revision Cycle.

10. Scheduling Next Meeting

11. Adjournment.

Address List No PhoneSpecial Effects SPE-AAA

Nancy Pearce10/10/2014

SPE-AAA

Joshua Lazarus

ChairJ Lazarus Company1018 Bergen Bld.Fort Lee, NJ 07024

SE 07/14/2004SPE-AAA

Robert Bauer

PrincipalThe Doyle Street Group3200 Foothill Drive, Unit 4Thousand Oaks, CA 91361-4949

IM 1/1/1995

SPE-AAA

Glenn A. Birket

PrincipalBirket Engineering, Inc.162 West Plant StreetWinter Garden, FL 34787Alternate: Daniel Birket

M 1/1/1995SPE-AAA

Randall W. A. Davidson

PrincipalRisk International & Associates, Inc.8803 West Ontario AvenueLittleton, CO 80128

SE 1/1/1995

SPE-AAA

Glenn A. Dean

PrincipalVirginia Department of Fire ProgramsState Fire Marshal’s Office1005 Technology Park DriveGlen Allen, VA 23059-4500International Fire Marshals AssociationAlternate: Steven Sites

E 10/29/2012SPE-AAA

Gregory V. Dumansky

PrincipalXL Global Asset Protection Services260 West Kenneth RoadGlendale, CA 91202

I 7/16/2003

SPE-AAA

June M. Fields

Principal79 Fountainhead CircleHenderson, NV 89052Alternate: R. Scott Schaffner

SE 1/1/1995SPE-AAA

Hardial Gore

PrincipalRADCO3220 East 59th StreetLong Beach, CA 90805Alternate: Michael L. Zieman

RT 03/07/2013

SPE-AAA

Jeremiah Harris

PrincipalHarris Production Services/PRG630 Ninth Avenue, Suite 610New York, NY 10036Alternate: Gregory Meeh

U 4/1/1995SPE-AAA

John Kelly

PrincipalWashington DC Fire & EMS DepartmentOffice of the Fire Marshal719 Opus AvenueCapitol Heights, MD 20743Alternate: John R. Kitchens

E 08/09/2012

SPE-AAA

Kenneth L. Kosanke

PrincipalPyroLabs, Incorporated1775 Blair RoadWhitewater, CO 81527Alternate: Lawrence T. Weinman

SE 7/22/1999SPE-AAA

Mark Lee

PrincipalUniversal Studios Orlando1000 Universal Studios Plaza, T58Orlando, FL 32819Alternate: John Hamaric

U 03/07/2013

1



SPE-AAA

Daryl Marmon

PrincipalWald-All American Fireworks4390 West 152nd CourtLeawood, KS 66224Pyrotechnics Guild International, Inc.Alternate: John R. Steinberg

M 3/4/2009SPE-AAA

Craig A. Meyers

PrincipalClark County Fire Department7312 Hospitality PlaceLas Vegas, NV 89131Alternate: Edward J. Kaminski

E 3/15/2007

SPE-AAA

Thaine Morris

PrincipalMP Associates Incorporated7511 Dungarton AvenueLos Angeles, CA 90045Alternate: David J. Pier

M 1/1/1995SPE-AAA

Andrew T. Nicholls

PrincipalOrlando Special Effects, Inc.14222 Lake Mary Jane RoadOrlando, FL 32832Alternate: Garry Hanson

M 10/3/2002

SPE-AAA

Amanda McLean Nixon

PrincipalPyroam, Inc./Luna Tech, Inc.PO Box 12245Huntsville, AL 35815Alternate: Brian M. Panther

M 7/29/2005SPE-AAA

Rachel Robbins

PrincipalNatural Resources CanadaExplosive Regulatory Division580 Booth StreetOttawa, ON K1A 0E4 CanadaEnforcementAlternate: Marie Vachon

E 3/4/2009

SPE-AAA

John T. Rodgers

PrincipalJohn T. Rodgers, PE4730 K La Villa MarinaMarina Del Rey, CA 90292Alternate: Bob Ross

M 1/1/1995SPE-AAA

Monona Rossol

PrincipalArts, Crafts & Theater Safety, Inc.181 Thompson Street, Suite 23New York, NY 10012-2568

SE 4/16/1999

SPE-AAA

Larry Schoeneman

PrincipalInteresting Products328 North Albany AvenueChicago, IL 60612-1718Entertainment Services & Technology AssociationAlternate: Karl G. Ruling

SE 1/16/1998SPE-AAA

Martin E. Steinke

PrincipalSeaWorld Parks & Entertainment7007 Sea Harbor DriveOrlando, FL 32829

U 4/15/2004

SPE-AAA

James D. Streett

PrincipalInternational Alliance of Theatrical Stage EmployeesLocal 4410358 McBroom Street, Suite NSunland, CA 91040

L 03/07/2013SPE-AAA

Bert von Rosen

PrincipalNatural Resources CanadaCanadian Explosives Research LaboratoryBldg. 12, 1 Haanel DriveBells Corners ComplexOttawa, ON K1A 1M1 CanadaResearch

RT 8/2/2010

2



SPE-AAA

Charles P. Weeth

PrincipalWeeth & Associates, LLC122 South 17th StreetLa Crosse, WI 54601-4208

SE 7/16/2003SPE-AAA

Christopher T. Wyman

PrincipalNew Hampshire State Fire Marshal's Office27 Derry StreetMerrimack, NH 03054National Association of State Fire MarshalsAlternate: Paul G. Makuc

E 03/07/2013

SPE-AAA

Tylor A. Wymer

PrincipalWOW!Works, A Buckley/Wymer Company614 East Highway 50, Suite 405Clermont, FL 34711Alternate: Eric Larsen

U 1/1/1995SPE-AAA

Marge Yarbrough

PrincipalCalifornia State Fire MarshalPO Box 77245Corona, CA 92877

E 7/28/2006

SPE-AAA

William J. Young

PrincipalSuperior Energy Systems, Ltd.13660 Station RoadColumbia Station, OH 44028National Propane Gas AssociationAlternate: Robert B. Nicholson, III

M 4/1/1995SPE-AAA

Tassilo Baur

Voting Alternate827 North Hollywood Way, #552Burbank, CA 91505The Alliance of Special Effects & Pyrotechnic Operators,Inc.Voting Alt. to ASEPO Rep.

U 1/14/2005

SPE-AAA

Daniel Birket

AlternateBirket Engineering Inc.PO Box 610190Ocoo, FL 34761-0190Principal: Glenn A. Birket

M 7/1/1995SPE-AAA

John Hamaric

AlternateUniversal Studios Orlando1000 Universal Studios Plaza, T-65Orlando, FL 32819Principal: Mark Lee

U 7/23/2008

SPE-AAA

Garry Hanson

AlternatePrecocious Pyrotechnics, Inc.4420 278th Avenue, NWBelgrade, MN 56312-9616Principal: Andrew T. Nicholls

M 8/2/2010SPE-AAA

Edward J. Kaminski

AlternateClark County Fire Department575 East FlamingoLas Vegas, NV 89119Principal: Craig A. Meyers

E 3/2/2010

SPE-AAA

John R. Kitchens

AlternateLos Angeles City Fire DepartmentPO Box 178Somis, CA 93066Principal: John Kelly

E 10/29/2012SPE-AAA

Eric Larsen

AlternateExplosive FX Inc.10 Wren CourtMiddletown, NJ 07748Principal: Tylor A. Wymer

U 10/29/2012

3



SPE-AAA

Paul G. Makuc

AlternateConnecticut State PoliceFire & Explosion Investigation Unit269 Maxim RoadHartford, CT 06114National Association of State Fire MarshalsPrincipal: Christopher T. Wyman

E 10/23/2013SPE-AAA

Gregory Meeh

AlternateJauchem & Meeh Inc.524 Sackett StreetBrooklyn, NY 11217Principal: Jeremiah Harris

U 4/15/2004

SPE-AAA

Robert B. Nicholson, III

AlternateEastern Propane Corporation255 Oak Ridge RoadPO Box 285Oak Ridge, NJ 07438National Propane Gas AssociationPrincipal: William J. Young

M 10/1/1996SPE-AAA

Brian M. Panther

AlternateHi-Tech FX LLC1135 Avenue IFort Madison, IA 52627Principal: Amanda McLean Nixon

M 3/4/2009

SPE-AAA

David J. Pier

AlternateMP Associates, Inc.6555 Jackson Valley RoadPO Box 546Ione, CA 95640Principal: Thaine Morris

M 1/12/2000SPE-AAA

Bob Ross

AlternatePyrotek Special Effects7676 Woodbine Avenue, Unit 8Markham, ON L3R2N2 CanadaPrincipal: John T. Rodgers

M 03/07/2013

SPE-AAA

Karl G. Ruling

AlternatePLASA North America630 Ninth Avenue, Suite 609New York, NY 10036Entertainment Services & Technology AssociationPrincipal: Larry Schoeneman

SE 4/28/2000SPE-AAA

R. Scott Schaffner

AlternateCSA International2805 Barranca ParkwayIrvine, CA 92606Principal: June M. Fields

SE 7/1/1995

SPE-AAA

Steven Sites

AlternateVirginia State Fire Marshals Office140 Brookside PlaceHarrisonburg, VA 22802International Fire Marshals AssociationPrincipal: Glenn A. Dean

E 07/29/2013SPE-AAA

John R. Steinberg

AlternatePyrotechnics Guild International, Inc.3944 Carthage RoadRandallstown, MD 21133Pyrotechnics Guild International, Inc.Principal: Daryl Marmon

M 10/3/2002

SPE-AAA

Marie Vachon

AlternateNatural Resources CanadaExplosive Regulatory Division1431 Merivale RoadOttawa, ON K1A 0G1 CanadaEnforcementPrincipal: Rachel Robbins

E 8/5/2009SPE-AAA

Lawrence T. Weinman

AlternateSchneier-Weinman Consultants7716 Trailside Estates Blvd.Austin, TX 78724Principal: Kenneth L. Kosanke

SE 4/4/1997

4



SPE-AAA

Michael L. Zieman

AlternateRADCO3220 East 59th StreetLong Beach, CA 90805-4502Principal: Hardial Gore

RT 1/12/2000SPE-AAA

Mark Hagemann

Nonvoting MemberUS Department of LaborOccupational Safety & Health Administration200 Constitution Ave. NW, Room N3609Washington, DC 20210

E 4/15/2004

SPE-AAA

Nancy Pearce

Staff LiaisonNational Fire Protection Association1 Batterymarch ParkQuincy, MA 02169-7471

09/05/2012

5

TECHNICAL COMMITTEE ON SPECIAL EFFECTS First Draft Meeting Minutes

October 2, 2013 10 AM-6 PM EDT NFPA, Quincy, Ma

Adobe Connect/Conference Call Meeting

Attendees Josh Lazarus, Chair Robert Bauer, Doyle Street Group, CA Glenn Birket, Birket Engineering, FL Glenn Dean, VA State Fire Marshals, VA June Fields, NV Reuben Goldberg, Technic Services, CA Hardial Gore, RADCO, CA Kenneth Kosanke, Pyrolabs, CO Daryl Marmon, Pyrotechnics Guild Intl, KS Amanda Mclean Nixon, Pyroam Inc/Luna Tech, AL Rachel Robbins, Natural Resources Canada, Canada James Streett, International Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employees, CA Charles Weeth, Weeth and Associates, WI Christopher Wyman, NH Fire Marshals Office, NH William Young, Superior Energy Systems, OH John Kitchens, LA Fire Dept, CA Brian Panther, Hi-Tech FX LLC, IA Robert Ross, Pyrotek, Canada Karl Ruling, Entertainment Services and Tech Association, NY Scott Schaffner, CSA International, CA John Steinberg, Pyrotechnics Guild, MD Nancy Pearce, NFPA Staff Guests: Matt Allan-MA DFS James Beardmore David Shatzer

1). Welcome-Committee Chair, Josh Lazarus. Committee chair welcomed members and guests and meeting began at 10:00 AM EDT. 2). Introduction of Attendees and Update of Committee Roster. Committee members and guests introduced themselves and their affiliations. 3). Minutes of Last Meeting/Conference call –July 17, 2013 were approved by the committee.

4). Staff updates-Nancy Pearce provided a powerpoint presentation on the new process, including an update on current committee makeup and the dates for the revision cycle.

a) Committee membership update. b) Annual 2015 revision cycle schedule. c) New Process Presentation-Nancy Pearce NFPA Staff. 5). Review of Public Inputs NFPA 160 and NFPA 1126. All public inputs were reviewed. 6). Additional First Revision Considerations for Committee-Task Group Work. a) Airshow Special Effects. First revisions for NFPA 160 and NFPA 1126 were created. b) Hybrid Flame Effects. First revisions for NFPA 160 and NFPA 1126 were created. c) Language on Smoke Issue. A first revision for NFPA 1126 was created. d) Staff Review. Definitions not used in the document were removed. 7). Additional Issues for Consideration. A determination about the type of meeting and a location for second draft meeting will be made at a future date. 8). Adjournment. Meeting was adjourned at 6 PM EDT.

2015 ANNUAL REVISION CYCLE*Public Input Dates may vary according to standards and schedules for Revision Cycles may change. Pleasecheck the NFPA Website for the most up to date information on Public Input Closing Dates and schedules at

www.nfpa.org/document # (i.e. www.nfpa.org/101) and click on the Next Edition tab.

ProcessStage

Process Step Dates forTC

Dates forTC with CC

Public Input Closing Date* 7/8/2013 7/8/2013Final Date for TC First Draft Meeting 12/13/2013 9/13/2013

Public Input Posting of First Draft and TC Ballot 1/31/2014 10/25/2013Stage Final date for Receipt of TC First Draft ballot 2/21/2014 11/15/2013

(First Draft) Final date for Receipt of TC First Draft ballot recirc 2/28/2014 11/22/2013Posting of First Draft for CC Meeting 11/29/2013Final date for CC First Draft Meeting 1/10/2014Posting of First Draft and CC Ballot 1/31/2014Final date for Receipt of CC First Draft ballot 2/21/2014Final date for Receipt of CC First Draft ballot recirc 2/28/2014Post First Draft Report for Public Comment 3/7/2014 3/7/2014

Public Comment Closing Date for Paper Submittal* 4/11/2014 4/11/2014Public Comment Closing Date for Online Submittal (e PC)* 5/16/2014 5/16/2014Final Date to Publish Notice of Consent Documents (Standards thatreceived no Comments)

5/30/2014 5/30/2014

Appeal Closing Date for Consent Standards (Standards that receivedno Comments)

6/13/2014 6/13/2014

Final date for TC Second Draft Meeting 10/31/2014 7/25/2014Comment Posting of Second Draft and TC Ballot 12/12/2014 9/5/2014Stage Final date for Receipt of TC Second Draft ballot 1/2/2015 9/26/2014

(Second Final date for receipt of TC Second Draft ballot recirc 1/9/2015 10/3/2014Draft) Posting of Second Draft for CC Meeting 10/10/2014

Final date for CC Second Draft Meeting 11/21/2014Posting of Second Draft for CC Ballot 12/12/2014Final date for Receipt of CC Second Draft ballot 1/2/2015Final date for Receipt of CC Second Draft ballot recirc 1/9/2015Post Second Draft Report for NITMAM Review 1/16/2015 1/16/2015

Tech Session Notice of Intent to Make a Motion (NITMAM) Closing Date 3/6/2015 3/6/2015Preparation Posting of Certified Amending Motions (CAMs) and Consent

Standards5/1/2015 5/1/2015

(& Issuance) Appeal Closing Date for Consent Standards 5/16/2015 5/16/2015SC Issuance Date for Consent Standards 5/26/2015 5/26/2015

Tech Session Association Meeting for Standards with CAMs 6/22 25/2015 6/22 25/2015

Appeals and Appeal Closing Date for Standards with CAMs 7/15/2015 7/15/2015Issuance SC Issuance Date for Standards with CAMs 8/20/2015 8/20/2015

Approved___ October 18, 2011 _ Revised__March 7, 2013_____________

Public Comment No. 5-NFPA 160-2014 [ Section No. 1.3.3 ]

1.3.3

This standard shall not apply to the following:

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4) Hybrid flame effects

(5)

(6)

(7) Manufacture, off-site storage, and transportation of materials and equipment used to produce flameeffects

(8) Use of flame effects in fire training, except where there is an audience that is not part of the training

(9)

(10) Traditional nontheatrical public display of flames such as the following:

(a) Use of lighted candles in restaurants or religious services

(b) Fireplaces in areas open to the public

(c) Restaurant cooking visible to the patrons

(d) Listed Group II flame effects

(e) Flame effects used in a fireworks display (see NFPA 1123)

(11) Use of consumer fireworks by the public

(12) Use of motor vehicles in races or sanctioned competitive sporting events

(13)

Statement of Problem and Substantiation for Public Comment

NFPA's Building Code Development Committee (BCDC) is suggesting the deletion of Item 4. The First Revision intends to remove hybrid flame effects from NFPA 160 and regulate them under NFPA 1126. This is inappropriate because the flame effect is the larger intended use of the effect. The pyrotechnic devise is used to trigger (or ignite) the larger event. So therefore the scope of NFPA 1126 does not reach to this larger event. See the new definition in 3.3.12.2 of Hybrid Flame Effect. Also NFPA’s BCDC agrees with the negative comment by Robert Bauer. His comments should also be related to the Annex section that deals with this issue.

Related Item

First Revision No. 5-NFPA 160-2013 [Section No. 1.3.3]

Submitter Information Verification

Submitter Full Name: Jim Muir

Organization: Building Safety Division, Clark County, Washington

Affilliation: NFPA's Building Code Development Committee (BCDC)

Street Address:

City:

State:

* Flame effects produced solely by pyrotechnic special effects devices or pyrotechnic material

* Use of pyrotechnic special effects

* Storage of flammable solids, liquids, and gases not to be used to create flame effects

* Nitrocellulose-based flame projectors

* Manufacture, transportation, storage, sale, or use of model or high-power rocket motors

* Use of ground-based effects utilizing explosives, liquid fuels, or other combustibles in air showenvironments

National Fire Protection Association Report http://submittals.nfpa.org/TerraViewWeb/ContentFetcher?commentPara...

1 of 6 10/15/2014 10:07 AM

Zip:

Submittal Date: Thu May 15 14:28:13 EDT 2014


2 of 6 10/15/2014 10:07 AM

Public Comment No. 2-NFPA 160-2014 [ New Section after 5.2.1 ]

5.2.1.1 The AHJ shall notify the local responding fire department of the use of approved flameeffects.


It is important that the ahj notify the local fire department if a flame effect has been approved. In many jurisdictionos the AHJ is not affiliated with the FD. It is important that the FD is aware of the use of flame effect if they receive a cal to respond to that address.

Related Item

Public Input No. 5-NFPA 160-2013 [New Section after 5.2.1]


Submitter Full Name: Bill Galloway

Organization: Southern Regional Fire Code De

Street Address:

City:

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Submittal Date: Thu Apr 17 15:54:43 EDT 2014


3 of 6 10/15/2014 10:07 AM


5.4.1 *

When required, a walk A walk -through and a representative demonstration of the flame effects shall beprovided to the authority having jurisdiction before flame effects are approved.


When flame effects will be used before an audience the fire hazard and life safety potential is so important that the walk through and representative demonstration of flame effects shall always be required.

The commitee statement of "The committee disagreed that a walk through and demonstration should always be required. This should be up to the discretion of the AHJ. The AHJ shall be permitted to waive this type of requirement based on past history, prior knowledge, and other factors" The norm should be a walk through if the AHJ wishes not to have a walk throught he can do that per the equivelancy statement in chapter 1.

Related Item

Public Input No. 4-NFPA 160-2013 [New Section after 5.4]




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4 of 6 10/15/2014 10:07 AM


11.2.2

The evaluation in 11.2.1 shall be coordinated with the building owner, the flame effect operator, and theauthority having jurisdiction. jurisdiction and the local responding fire department..


A fire hazard evaluation is so important that if it is determined that it is needed the local responding fire department should be included in cases where the fire department is a separate agency than the AHJ. The committee statement states the FD should already know about the flame effect during preplanning. The AHJ is not always in the FD and the FD does not perform preplanning ever day. It may take months to years for a fire department to conduct a preplan on facilities within its jurisdiction.

Related Item

Public Input No. 4-NFPA 160-2013 [New Section after 5.4]




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5 of 6 10/15/2014 10:07 AM

Public Comment No. 1-NFPA 160-2014 [ Section No. A.5.4.1 ]

A.5.4.1

The AHJ should notify the local responding fire companies of use of flame efffects and should invite thelocal responding fire companies to witness the demonstration to familiarize them with the potential hazardsinvolved.


Notification is a separate act than witnessing a demonstration. Many times a demonstration may not be necessary but notification of the responding fire companies should still occur.

Related Item

First Revision No. 4-NFPA 160-2013 [Section No. 5.4.1]


Submitter Full Name: Anthony Apfelbeck

Organization: Altamonte Springs Building/Fire Safety Division

Affilliation: N/A

Street Address:

City:

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6 of 6 10/15/2014 10:07 AM


1.3.4

This standard shall apply to any hybrid flame effect used before a proximate audience.


NFPA's Building Code Development Committee (BCDC, which is made up of building officials from across the country, does not support this change. The revision intends to add hybrid flame effects from NFPA 160 and regulate them under NFPA 1126. This is inappropriate because the flame effect is the larger intended use of the effect. The pyrotechnic devise is used to trigger (or ignite) the larger event. So therefore the scope of NFPA 1126 does not regulate this larger event. See the new definition in 3.3.12.2 of Hybrid Flame Effect. We agree with the negative comment by Mr. Bauer, whose comments might be good for an Annex section. Also see our related Public Comment to NFPA 160, Public Comment #5-NFPA 160.

Related Item

First Revision No. 6-NFPA 1126-2013 [New Section after 1.3.3]





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Submittal Date: Fri May 16 13:05:46 EDT 2014


1 of 5 10/15/2014 10:09 AM

Public Comment No. 7-NFPA 1126-2014 [ Section No. 1.3.6.4 ]

1.3.6.4 *

This standard shall not apply to the use of pyrotechnic devices that have been mounted on aircraft oncethe aircraft is airborne and operating under an FAA waiver as outlined in 14 CFR §91.119(b) or 14 CFR§91.119(c).


NFPA's Building Code Development Committee (BCDC) suggests deleting Section 1.3.6.4. It appears that this section conflicts with section 1.3.6.3. Section 1.3.6.3 regulates pryrotechnics on flying aircraft. 1.3.6.4 appears to be an exception when 14 CFR 91.119 (b) and (c) waivers are in place. These CFR sections provide altitude requirements and are not waivers. Since they are not waivers, they appear to always apply. We agree with the negative comment from Mr. Dean. Also, this information is also found within the Annex.

Related Item

First Revision No. 7-NFPA 1126-2013 [New Section after 1.3.5.2]





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2 of 5 10/15/2014 10:09 AM


5.2.3

Pyrotechnic materials and devices shall be supervised, except where they are secured or inaccessible in amanner approved by the AHJ .


The commitee states that securing fireworks as already addressed in many sections. The issue is practice vs reality when fireworks are no longer in storage and out waiting to be prepared for shooting. Many times they are left open and unsecure for others to have access to.

Related Item

Public Input No. 4-NFPA 1126-2013 [Section No. 5.2.3]




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3 of 5 10/15/2014 10:09 AM

Public Comment No. 8-NFPA 1126-2014 [ Section No. 6.4.1.1 ]

6.4.1.1 *

A When required by the AHJ, a walk-through and a representative demonstration of the pyrotechnics shallbe approved by the authority having jurisdiction before a permit is approved.


NFPA's Building Code Development Committee (BCDC) suggests this should be at the descretion of the AHJ. This should also be coordinated with NFPA 160, Public Input #4, section5.4.1.

Related Item

First Revision No. 12-NFPA 1126-2013 [Section No. 6.4.1.1]





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4 of 5 10/15/2014 10:09 AM

Public Comment No. 4-NFPA 1126-2014 [ Section No. A.6.4.1.1 ]

A.6.4.1.1

The AHJ should invite notify the local responding fire companies of the use of pyrotechnics before aproximate audience and should also invite the local responding fire companies to witness thedemonstration so they are familiar with the potential hazards involved.


Notification of an event is different from witnessing a demonstration. Many times a demonstration may not be necessary but the local responding companies should still be notified so they know the activity is occurring.

Related Item

First Revision No. 12-NFPA 1126-2013 [Section No. 6.4.1.1]


Submitter Full Name: Anthony Apfelbeck

Organization: Altamonte Springs Building/Fire Safety Division

Street Address:

City:

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5 of 5 10/15/2014 10:09 AM

Hybrid Flame Effect Task Group

NFPA Technical Committee on Special Effects

Darryl Marmon, Task Group Chair

Task Group Meeting of 05/29/2014, Las Vegas, NV

Possible Code Language Revisited

NFPA 160 First revision No. 5-NFPA 160-2013

1.3.3 (4) Hybrid flame effects

I. Revisions proposed to be made in NFPA 160

Chapter 1 Administration

1.3 Application.

1.3.2 This standard shall apply to the following:

(6) That portion or component of any hybrid flame effect that utilizes fuels, materials,

devices, and methodologies governed by this standard.

Chapter 3 Definitions

3.3 General Definitions

3.3.15 Flame Effect Material. Any solid, liquid or gas fuel, or combination thereof, that

requires the addition of oxygen in order to initiate and maintain combustion.

3.3.19* Flame Effect Systems, Classifications

3.3xx* Hybrid Flame Effect. For the purpose of this standard, a hybrid flame effect is a

flame effect that complies with this standard and is used in combination with a pyrotechnic

material or device that complies with NFPA 1126.

Chapter 5 Permit and Approval Requirements and Terms of Installation

5.2 Approval Requirements

5.2.1 Approval Requirements

5.2.1.1 That portion of the hybrid flame effect that is governed by NFPA 160 shall meet all of

the requirements of NFPA 160. That portion of the hybrid flame effect that is governed by

NFPA 1126 shall meet all of the requirements of NFPA 1126. When the standards impose

different requirements, the most stringent requirement shall be the one used, unless

otherwise approved by the AHJ.

5.2.2 Approval of Flame Effect Plan

5.2.2.3 In addition to meeting the requirements of 5.2.2.1 and 5.2.2.2, above, flame effect plans

for hybrid flame effects shall clearly indicate the lines of division between the jurisdiction of

NFPA 160 and NFPA 1126 that govern the use of each material or device used in the hybrid

effect and, if so required by the AHJ, cite or state the requirements imposed on such use by that

standard.

Chapter 8 Flame Effect Operator

8.1* Operator Qualifications

8.1.3 Hybrid Flame Effects Operator.

Subject to the approval of the AHJ , nothing in this standard shall prevent a properly licensed

and Approved pyrotechnic operator, who meets the requirements of 8.1.1 and 8.1.2 from acting

in the additional capacity of flame operator during the use and operation of hybrid flame effects

that meet the requirements of this standard.

Annex A Explanatory Material

A.3.3.19.7.1 Hybrid Flame Effect

1. Flame effects that use any of the fuels allowed by this standard, but are initiated or directly ignited by means of a pyrotechnic device are a common example of a hybrid flame effect. One example of this configuration is a flame effect that uses a pyrotechnic device or igniter to provide the initial flame to light a supervised pilot burner, which, when ignited, can be then proven by a conventional flame safeguard or other means. Often this hybrid configuration is used where the pilot burner is in and/or around water or spray, and conventional ignition means have been determined to be unreliable or to utilize voltages or currents that provide a risk of hazard to persons in and around the water. In other instances, this configuration might be used for added reliability, operational integration or simply for convenience, In any of these instances, the pyrotechnic igniter is used under the requirements of NFPA 1126, Standard for the Use of Pyrotechnics Before a Proximate Audience and is installed, maintained and operated by a Pyrotechnic Operator meeting the requirements of both NFPA 1126 and the AHJ. The flame effect itself, regardless of the fuel it uses, is designed, installed, and maintained to meet the requirements of NFPA 160, Standard for the Use of Flame Effects Before an Audience and operated by a Flame Effect Operator also meeting the requirements of both NFPA 160 and the AHJ.

2. A second example of a hybrid flame effect is one that utilizes a combustible dust, initially aerosolized and propelled out the end of the burner nozzle by a charge of compressed air and ignited as it passes through a field of burning metal sparks generated by yet another pyrotechnic device. Dust or powder fuel is an acceptable flame effect material under this standard. What triggers the classification of this effect as a hybrid flame effect is that the pyrotechnic ignition device(s) fall under the purview of NFPA 1126, Standard for the Use of Pyrotechnics Before a Proximate Audience. (Note that if a gas pilot burner or even a burning brand were used to ignite the a aerosolized powder, this flame effect would not be considered as hybrid and would fall entirely under the scope of NFPA 160.)

3. Another spectacular and often used flame effect, one that is typically limited to outdoor use, utilizes flammable or combustible liquid as a fuel, which would is an acceptable flame effect material under this standard. The fuel is held contained in a non-porous bag, and placed inside a suitable open topped container , which serves as a “mortar” or burner nozzle. Upon firing, the liquid is freed from the bag, lifted from the barrel and aerosolized by means of a substantial black powder lifting charge. A second pyrotechnic device may or may not be used to ensure ignition of the fuel at the mouth of the container. What causes this effect to be classified as a Hybrid Flame Effect is that the aerosolizing and igniting charges fall under the purview of NFPA 1126, Standard for the Use of Pyrotechnics Before a Proximate Audience or, depending upon the particular composition and quantity of the charge in use, possibly NFPA 495: Explosive Materials Code. Additionally, the storage and/or handling of the liquid fuel would be governed by the requirements of NFPA 30: Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code. (Note that if a compressed air charge was used to aerosolize the liquid and a gas fired pilot burner or even a burning brand was used to ignite the aerosol, this flame effect would not be considered as hybrid and would fall entirely under the scope of NFPA 160.)

NFPA 1126

III. Proposed revisions to be made in NFPA 1126

Chapter 1 Administration

1.3 Application.

1.3.5 Application to the Entertainment Industry.

1.3.12 This standard shall apply to any portion or component of any hybrid flame effect that

utilizes materials, devices, and methodologies governed by this standard.

1.3.14* This standard shall not apply to the use of flame effect materials as defined in NFPA

160, Standard for the Use of Flame Effects Before an Audience.

Chapter 3 Definitions

3.3 General Definitions

3.3.xx * Hybrid Flame Effect. For the purpose of this standard, a hybrid flame effect is a

flame effect that complies with NFPA 160 and is used in combination with a pyrotechnic

material or device that complies with this standard.

3.3.46* Pyrotechnic Material (Pyrotechnic Special Effects Material). A chemical mixture

that contains sufficient oxygen or oxidizing agent required to initiate or maintain

combustion and is used in the entertainment industry to produce visible or audible effects

by combustion, deflagration, or detonation. [1124, 2006].

Chapter 6 Permit Requirements and Operator Qualifications

6.2 Pyrotechnics Plans.

6.2.5 Hybrid Flame Effects shall meet the requirements of this standard or NFPA 160. That

portion of the hybrid flame effect that is governed by NFPA 1126 shall meet all of the

requirements of NFPA 1126. That portion of the hybrid flame effect that is governed by

NFPA 160 shall meet all of the requirements of NFPA 160. When the standards impose

different requirements, the most stringent requirement shall be the one used, unless

otherwise approved by the AHJ.

6.3 Content of Plans.

6.3.2.1 In addition to meeting the requirements of 6.3.1 and 6.3.2 above, flame effect plans

for hybrid flame effects shall clearly indicate the lines of division between the jurisdiction of

NFPA 1126 and NFPA 160 that govern the use of each material or device used in the hybrid

effect and, if so required by the AHJ, cite or state the requirements imposed on such use by

that standard.

6.5* Qualifications of Operators and Assistants

6.5.1.3 Subject to the approval of the AHJ , nothing in this standard shall prevent a properly

licensed and Approved pyrotechnic operator, who meets the requirements of 6.5.1, 6.5.1.1

and 6.5.1.2 from acting in the additional capacity of flame operator during the use and

operation of hybrid flame effects that meet the requirements of this standard.

Annex A Explanatory Material

A.1.3.14 For information on the use of solid, liquid or gaseous fuels, or combinations

thereof, in the entertainment industry, see NFPA 160, Standard for the Use of Flame Effects

Before an Audience. For information on flammable and combustible liquids, see NFPA 30,

Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code. For information on storage and handling of

liquefied petroleum gases, see NFPA 58, Standard for the Storage Use and Handling of

Liquefied Petroleum Gases. For information on the installation of fuel gas piping systems

and equipment, see NFPA 54, National Fuel Gas Code.

A. 3.3.4.6 Pyrotechnic materials are a class of energetic materials that evolve large amounts of heat. Combustion, deflagration, or the detonation of energetic materials is an exothermic redox reaction that is self-sustaining after an initial activating energy has been applied. A distinguishing characteristic of energetic materials is that all (or almost

B. all) of the oxygen or oxidizing agent required to initiate, propagate, maintain or accelerate the reaction is contained within the chemical composition of the material, whether as part of the compound, such as nitrocellulose, or as a finely divided mixture of discreet fuels and oxidants, such as aluminum (fuel) and ammonium perchlorate (oxidizer).

Change Annex A.3.3.19 to read as follows:

A.3.3.19 Flame Effect Systems, Classifications. Examples of flame effects are as follows:

(1) Group I. When used to give the illusion of danger to a performer, the use of Hhand-held

burning torches, cigarette lighters, candles, matches, and lighting paper in an ashtray,

jugglers burning batons, fire rings that are jumped through, and other fire effects that other

fire effects that have the illusion of danger to a performerare not included in another flame

effect group.

(2) Group II. Unattended torches, burning urns, and small fires.

(3) Group III. An attended, temporarily installed Eeffects used by traveling shows and

concerts and effects used for limited-duration special events, such as the Olympics. This

group also includes a traveling entertainment event that plays various venues, such as (but

not limited to) circuses, operas, musicals, stage plays, trade shows, or corporate events.

This group effect also includes a non-traveling entertainment event that plays a single

venue.

(4) Group IV. A burning cabin or bonfire and large single or multiple flaming brazier entrance

features used to create a “theme” atmosphere. A stand-alone-type flame effect control

system without any significant control supervision by a main show control system is used.

(5) Group V. A simulated building or vehicle explosion that is part of a larger theme-type

attraction. The flame effect control system is totally dedicated to the operation of the flame

effect elements. The flame effect control system maintains all its internal safety features,

with the interface between the flame effect control system and the main show control

system limited to those commands and status indicators that cannot alter or override the

flame supervisory system control logic.

(6) Group VI. A live-action stunt show that is part of a larger theme-type attraction. The flame

effect control system is totally dedicated to the operation of the flame effect elements. The

flame effect control system maintains all its internal safety features, with the interface

between the flame effect control system and the main show control system limited to those

commands and status indicators that cannot alter or override the flame supervisory system

control logic.

(7) Group VII. A fire created as part of an illusion used to make an item or individual

disappear.

See Table A.3.3.19 for a list of features included in each flame effect group.

Supporting statement:

This proposed change to the annex is not intended to cause any technical changes to the document but

is solely intended to clarify and reinforce the technical provision of the standard.

As currently written, the description and examples in A.3.3.19(1) for Group 1 flame effects has been the

basis for literally interpreting and applying a permit requirement upon productions even when only a

single candle or use of lighters by performers is incorporated as part of a live stage production before an

audience when the illusion of danger is not readily apparent or present.

While many examples may be cited, one example is the use of “Zippo” lighters in the stage production

of “Stomp”. During a period of the show, the rhythmic opening and closing of the Zippo lighters, along

with the sound of operating the spark wheel, by a group of performers is incorporated in the production

during a darkened period of the show. The danger to performers is not readily present or apparent.

Comparatively speaking, the presence of danger to a performer is inherent when juggling burning

batons or jumping through burning hoops.

The proposed change first qualifies the examples listed in the annex section by first saying the use of the

devices must give the illusion of danger to the performers. Granted, it can be said the proposed change

is subjective and interpretive, that it will cause AHJs to have to evaluate each use on the projection of

whether or not danger to the performer is present. That may be the more appropriate course of action

as opposed to simply listing everything at all times as a Group I effect, particularly when the illusion of

danger is not present.

The proposed change to Group III effects is simply to emphasize and reiterate the effect is one that uses

installed equipment, is temporary, attended and is time limited in its use.

While the proposed changes are intended to clarify and make distinct the differences between Group 1

and other flame effect groups, it is recognized that traveling shows may frequently use multiple groups

of flame effects.