Technical Description SMA Series 4.3

8/10/2019 Technical Description SMA Series 4.3

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Technical Description

TransXpressSynchronous Add Drop MultiplexerSMA Series 4

Products:SMA16/4 Rel. 4.3

SMA4/1 Rel. 4.3

Issue 0212.03.2003

SIEMENS AG January 2002Information and Communications Networks - Transmission Systems DivisionHofmannstrae 51, D-81359 Mnchen

Copyright Siemens AG 2001 All Rights ReservedTitle: Technical Description, SMA Series 4 File: SMA-S4.3-TD_02.docIssue: Date: Ordering Nr./SNR Author: ICN CM TS 3 page 1/86Issue 02 12.03.2003 B. Maier, X. Bartels


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This is an unpublished work the Copyright in which vests in Siemens AG. All rights reserved.

The information contained herein is the property of Siemens AG and is supplied without liability for errors

or omissions. No part may be reproduced, disclosed or used except as authorised by contract or otherwritten permission. The copyright and foregoing restriction on reproduction and use extend to all media inwhich the information may be embodied.

The Company reserves the right to alter without notice the specification, design, price or conditions ofsupply of any product or service.

Disclaimer:This Technical Description is provided as a generic descriptive document only. It does not include anylegally binding statement. The product features, and details thereof, discussed in this TechnicalDescription may include those that prove to be temporarily or permanently unavailable



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CONTENTSSYNCHRONOUS ADD DROP MULTIPLEXER SMA SERIES 4................................................................. ..... 1

1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION .............................................................. ............................................................ ... 6 1.1 I NTRODUCTION ...................................................... ........................................................... ................................. 6 1.2 K EY FEATURES AND BENEFITS ............................................................ ........................................................... ... 7

2 APPLICATIONS ........................................................... .............................................................. ..................... 10 2.1 SMA S ERIES 4 AS TERMINAL MULTIPLEXER (TMX)..................................................... .................................. 10 2.2 SMA S ERIES 4 AS ADD DROP MULTIPLEXER (ADM)............................................ .......................................... 11 2.3 SMA S ERIES 4 AS LOCAL CROSS -CONNECT (LXC)................................................................. ........................ 12 2.4 SMA16/4 IN DWDM O PERATION ....................................................... ........................................................... . 12

3 PRODUCT OVERVIEW ......................................................... ............................................................ ............ 13 3.1 MULTIPLEX STRUCTURE .................................................. ........................................................... ..................... 13 3.2 SMA S ERIES 4 S YSTEM IMPLEMENTATIONS ........................................................... ......................................... 14

3.2.1 Block Diagram of SMA16/4 System Architecture ................................................................ ................... 14 3.2.2 Block Diagram of SMA4/1 System Architecture ............................................................. ........................ 14

Figure 6a:Functional Diagram of the Multiplexer SMA16/4 (double-row) ........................................................... 15 3.2.3 Optical STM-16 Interface OIS16D, OIS16-2D.............. ........................................................... .............. 17 3.2.4 Optical STM-4 Interface OIS4D, OIS4-2D.................... ................................................................ ......... 18 3.2.5 Optical STM-1 Interface OIS1D .............................................................. ............................................... 18 3.2.6 Electrical 155 Mb/s and/or 140 Mb/s Interface EIPS1D (switchable) ................................................... 19 3.2.6 3.2.7 Gigabit Ethernet Interface Unit ETH1000.......................................... ........................................... 19 3.2.7 Fast Ethernet Interface Unit ETH100............................................................... ...................................... 20 3.2.8 ETH P4 four port 10/100BT card ......................................................... .................................................. 21 3.2.8 Electrical 34 Mb/s and/or 45 Mb/s Interface EI3-3 (switchable) ........................................................... 21

3.2.9 Electrical 2 Mb/s Interface EI2-42 ......................................................................................................... 22 3.2.10 Electrical 2 Mb/s Interface EI2-42P (Protection).............................................................. ..................... 22 3.2.11 Switching Network and System Clock Unit SN64 ..................................................................... ............. 22 3.2.12 Timing Reference T3/T4 for 2048 kbit/s (CLA)..................................................................................... .. 23 3.2.13 Internal Processing Unit IPU16 .................................................................. .......................................... 23 3.2.14 RPR (Resilient Packet Ring) ................................................................................ ................................... 24 3.2.15 Overhead Access Unit OHA.................................. ................................................................ .................. 27 3.2.16 System Control Unit SCU-R2E ................................................................... ............................................ 27 3.2.17 MIBS-Modules ............................................................................................................... ......................... 28 3.2.18 Optical Amplifier Units OBD and OPD.................................................................................................. 28

3.3 LINE AND TRIBUTARY ACCESS CAPACITIES ................................................... .................................................. 29 3.3.1 Equipping of SMA16/4 ................................................... ............................................................. ............ 29 3.3.2 Equipping of SMA4/1 ....................................................... ........................................................... ............ 32

3.4 UPGRADING OF SMA S ERIES 4 N ETWORK ELEMENTS ...................................................... ............................... 33 4 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION .......................................................... ................................................................. ... 35 4.1 CONTROLLER ARCHITECTURE .................................................... ........................................................... ........... 35 4.2 OVERHEAD ACCESS AND HANDLING ................................................... ........................................................... . 36

4.2.1 EOW Processing ......................................................... ................................................................. ........... 36 4.2.2 Overhead Cross-Connect Functionality (OHX)............................................... ....................................... 37 4.2.3 Interfaces for User Channels (Auxiliary Interface) ................................................................................ 37

4.3 SUPERVISION AND ALARM FACILITIES ........................................................... .................................................. 38 4.3.1 Methodology........................................................ ........................................................... ......................... 38 4.3.2 Local Craft and Network Craft Terminal (LCT/NCT) ............................................................... ............. 38 4.3.3 External User Alarms (TIF)....................................................... .......................................................... ... 38 4.3.4 Bw7R Interface................................................ ................................................................ ........................ 39



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4.4 TIMING AND SYNCHRONISATION .......................................................... ........................................................... . 41 4.5 PROTECTION .......................................................... ........................................................... ............................... 42

4.5.1 Traffic Protection........................................................ ................................................................ ............ 42 4.5.2 Equipment Protection ................................................................................ ............................................. 43

4.6 SOFTWARE / F IRMWARE ................................................... ........................................................... ..................... 44 4.7 AUTOMATIC LASER SHUTDOWN .......................................................... ........................................................... . 44 4.8 FORWARD ERROR CORRECTION (FEC) FOR STM-16............................................................... ........................ 44 4.9 CONCATENATION CONVERTER ................................................... ........................................................... ........... 45 4.10 SONET I NTERWORKING .................................................. ........................................................... ..................... 45 4.11 SMA S ERIES 4 M ANAGEMENT ................................................... ........................................................... ........... 46

4.11.1 Local Management (LCT)........................ ................................................................ ............................... 46 4.11.2 Remote Management................................ ........................................................... .................................... 46

4.12 FAULT MANAGEMENT ..................................................... ........................................................... ..................... 47 4.13 PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT ............................................................ ........................................................... . 48 4.14 POWER SUPPLY ...................................................... ........................................................... ............................... 49

5 EQUIPMENT PRACTICE ...................................................... ............................................................ ............ 50 5.1 R ACK DESIGN AND MULTIPLE SUBRACK MOUNTING ....................................................... ............................... 50 5.2 SUBRACK DESIGN OF SMA16/4 ( DOUBLE -ROW )................................................................ .............................. 52 5.3 SUBRACK DESIGN OF SMA4/1 ( SINGLE -ROW ) ........................................................ ......................................... 53

6 MAINTENANCE AND COMMISSIONING............. ................................................................ .................. 56 6.1 MAINTENANCE PHILOSOPHY ...................................................... ........................................................... ........... 56 6.2 MONITORING POINTS AND SELF TEST ............................................................ .................................................. 56 6.3 PERFORMANCE MONITORING ..................................................... ........................................................... ........... 56 6.4 LOOPS AND PRBS I NJECTION .................................................... ........................................................... ........... 57 6.5 EQUIPMENT I NVENTORY DATA ............................................................ ........................................................... . 57

7 TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS................................................... .......................................................... 58 7.1 INTERFACES ............................................................. .............................................................. ..................... 58

7.1.1 Optical interfaces STM-16 (1 port per card) .............................................................. ........................... 58 7.1.2 Optical interfaces STM-4 (1 port per card) ............................................................... ............................ 58 7.1.3 Optical interfaces STM-1 (4 ports per card)................................................. ......................................... 58 7.1.4 Electrical interface STM-1 (4 ports per card)...................................................................................... .. 58 7.1.5 Gigabit Ethernet Interface 1000BASE-SX/LX (1 port per card)............................................................. 58 7.1.6 Fast Ethernet Interface 100BASE-TX (1 port per card) ............................................................. ............ 59 7.1.7 Electrical tributary interface 10/100BaseT (4 ports per card) ............................................................... 59 7.1.8 Electrical RPR interface 10/100BaseT (4 ports per card) ......................................................... ............. 59 7.1.9 Gigabit Ethernet Interface 1000BASE-SX/LX (1 port per card)............................................................. 59 7.1.10 Electrical interface 140 Mb/s (4 ports per card) ................................................................................... 60 7.1.11 Electrical interface 45 Mb/s (3 ports per card) ..................................................................................... 60 7.1.12 Electrical interface 34 Mb/s (3 ports per card) ..................................................................................... 60 7.1.13 Electrical interface 2 Mb/s (42 ports per card) ..................................................................................... 60 7.1.14 Power Supply Interface.......................................................... .............................................................. ... 61 7.1.15 LCT interface .......................................................... ........................................................... ..................... 61 7.1.16 Network Management Interface........................ ................................................................ ...................... 61 7.1.17 2-Wire interface for an analogue handset .............................................................. ................................ 61 7.1.18 4-Wire E&M interface..................................... ................................................................ ........................ 61 7.1.19 Bell interface ........................................................... ........................................................... ..................... 61 7.1.20 Interface for 64 kbit/s data channels (V.11)................................................................. ........................... 62 7.1.21 Interface for 64-kbit/s overhead channels (G.703)....................................................... .......................... 62 7.1.22 TIF (External Alarm) Contact Capacity ............................................................... .................................. 62 7.1.23 TIF (External Alarm) Contact Functionality ...................................................................... .................... 62 7.1.24 Fan Alarm Interface (SMA16/4) ............................................................ ................................................. 63 7.1.25 BW7R Interface........................................................... ................................................................ ............ 63 7.1.26 Interfaces for network clock synchronisation ................................................................ ......................... 63



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7.2 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS ........................................................... .................................................. 64 7.2.1 STM-16 Bidirectional Self-healing Ring Protection (BSHR-2, 2 x BSHR2) ........................................... 64 7.2.2 Multiplex Section Protection ( 1+1 MSP)................................................................. .............................. 64 7.2.3 Sub-Network Connection Protection............................................. .......................................................... 64 7.2.4 Equipment Protection ................................................................................ ............................................. 64 7.2.5 Fault Management ............................................................. .......................................................... ........... 64 7.2.6 Performance Management.............. ................................................................ ........................................ 64 7.2.7 Packet performance Monitoring ............................................................. ................................................ 64 7.2.8 Configuration Management .......................................................... .......................................................... 65 7.2.9 Transit Delays of Traffic Paths (typical values) ..................................................................................... 65 7.2.10 Single Fibre Operation ............................................................... ......................................................... ... 65

7.3 OPERATING VOLTAGE AND POWER CONSUMPTION ........................................................... ............................... 67 7.4 EQUIPMENT S WEIGHT ..................................................... ........................................................... ..................... 68 7.5 OPTICAL PLANNING DATA ......................................................... ........................................................... ........... 69

7.5.1 Planning Data for optical STM-16 interfaces without booster and preamplifier............. ...................... 69 7.5.2 Planning Data for optical STM-16 interfaces with booster and preamplifier........................................ 71 7.5.3 Planning Data for optical STM-16 interfaces for DWDM applications ................................................. 73 7.5.4 Planning Data for optical STM-4 interfaces..................................... ...................................................... 75 7.5.5 Planning Data for optical STM-1 interfaces..................................... ...................................................... 77

7.6 E NVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS ............................................................ ........................................................... . 78 7.7 ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY : ........................................................... ................................................... 78 7.8 LCT/NCT O PERATION R EQUIREMENTS ......................................................... .................................................. 78

8 GLOSSARY OF ABBREVIATIONS...................................................... ...................................................... 80

9 RELATED STANDARDS...................................................... ............................................................. ............ 81

10 ANNEX ...................................................... ........................................................... ......................................... 85 10.1 EQUIPMENT MODULARITY OF SMA S ERIES 4 ......................................................... ......................................... 85



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1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION

1.1 IntroductionThis document is intended to provide the reader with comprehensive information on theSynchronous Add/Drop Multiplexer family SMA Series 4 that comprises the application typesSMA16/4 (double-row subrack) and SMA4/1 (single-row subrack). Please note, the SMA16/4 isidentical to the former SMA16 product from the hardware point of view. To make SMA16 amember of the SMA Series 4 product line, SMA16 had to be renamed to SMA16/4 showing thatit is capable of establishing STM-16 and STM-4 network applications. The advantage now isthat the product SMA16/4 can start as STM-4 Multiplexer that can be easily upgraded to anSTM-16 Multiplexer by simply fitting the STM-16 line cards and a SW-upgrade. The productSMA4/1 addresses mainly the STM-4 applications but can also be used in high capacity STM-1applications.

The SMA Series 4 is the new generation of Siemens SDH synchronous multiplexer to enablemultiplexing of PDH and SDH tributary signals into higher bit rates up to STM-16 level. Itconsists of a common HW and SW platform for network applications of STM-1, STM-4, andSTM-16. Both the products SMA16/4 and SMA4/1 of the SMA Series 4 family feature highflexibility as they can be used as an Add/Drop Multiplexer, as a Local Cross-Connect or as a

plain Line Terminal.

The SMA Series 4 family provides a very flexible equipping of tributary interfaces in a range beginning from 2 Mb/s PDH up to optical STM-4 SDH. It can house a variety of tributary slide-in units allowing for a 100 percent add/drop via the non-blocking cross-connect matrix with theeffective capacity of 64 STM-1 equivalents (or 4032 TU-12) in the SMA16/4 and 16 STM-1equivalents (or 1008 TU-12) in the SMA4/1. Extraction and insertion at all VC-levels, namelyVC-4, VC-3, VC-2, and VC-12 are possible.

The SMA16/4 is also suitable for DWDM-operation. A huge variety of coloured 2.5 Gbit/slaser sources according to the ITU-recommendation G.692 are available with the product.

A important new feature of the Series 4.3 are the Ethernet interfaces (10/100BT mapped into E1VC-12 or E3 VC-3; Fast Ethernet mapped into VC-4; Gigabit Ethernet mapped into VC-4

or VC-4-4v).

Resilient Packet Ring (RPR) is a network topology being developed as a new standard for fiberoptic rings (This standard shall be defined in ITU 802.17). RPR is designed to meet therequirements of a packet-based MAN like guaranteed service quality and bandwidthmanagement within Service level agreements. RPR is a ring-based architecture that consists of

packet-switching nodes connecting to adjacent nodes over a single fiber pair.

RPR is introduced in the SMA 16 Rel. 4.3.

The information given here addresses the Application Software Release 4.3. Please refer also tothe related Customer Feature List for the complete feature set.



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1.2 Key Features and Benefits

One of the main features of the SMA Series 4 is the common HW and SW platform that featuresthe unrestricted ability to add and drop 2 Mb/s signals (VC-12) directly to and from the STM-1,STM-4, or STM-16 line signals. Up to 252 x 2 Mb/s ports (42 ports per card) are provided evenwith the single-row SMA4/1 in a 1:n card protection arrangement. Therefore, by means ofinterconnecting SMA16/4 with SMA4/1 on an optical STM-1 level (with optional 1+1 MSP

protection) up to 504 fully protected 2 Mb/s in two independent 1:n card protection groups are possible within one single ETSI or 19 type rack.



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Summary of the key features:

SMA16/4: STM-16 optical line interfaces for applications in short/long haul fiber-opticlinks and for integrated DWDM solutions according to ITU G.692 Rec., see section

7.5. Tributary interfaces for electrical 2, 34, 45, 140 Mb/s, and STM-1 as well as a number

of dedicated interfaces for optical STM-1 and STM-4. Ethernet interfaces for 10/100BT, Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet RPR (Resilient Packet Ring) Switching matrix capacity of 64 x STM-1 equivalents on AU-4, TU-3, -2, -12 level;

capacity of 16 x STM-1 used with SMA4/1. Total add/drop capacity of up to 32 x STM-1 with SMA16/4 and up to 8 x STM-1 with

SMA4/1 on SDH and up to 252 x 2 Mb/s PDH.

Unrestricted line-line, tributary-line and tributary-tributary connectivity. Ring interconnection for rings on line and tributary side. Integrated optical boosters for both STM-16 and STM-4 optical interfaces and optical

pre-amplifiers for STM-16. Extensive traffic protection facilities including

1+1 MSP for line and optical tributary interfaces,SMA16/4: 2-fibre MS-SPRing (BSHR-2) protection switching for STM-16 line signalsin self healing ring configurations,2-fibre MS-SPRing (BSHR-2) protection switching for STM-4 line and tributary signalsin self healing ring configurationsSNC/P (path protection) including Drop & continue.

Equipment protection1:1 card protection for all optical traffic interfaces combined with MS protection (CardRelease Switching),1+1 card protection for 34 /45 Mb/s tributary interfaces,

1:n (n 3) card protection for 140 Mb/s / STM-1 electrical tributaries,

1:n (n 6) card protection for 2 Mb/s tributary interfaces,Optional duplication of Switching Matrix and Clock Unit,

Distributed on-board power supplies. Automatic laser shutdown procedures according to ITU G.958 and ITU G.Ion SW download facility to all applicable system sub-units Support of Engineering Order Wire (EOW) and Data Service Channels (V.11, G.703) Single fibre operation for all STM-1, 4, 16 optical interfaces without optical

booster/pre-amplifier for applications in areas with lack of fibre availability In-band FEC (forward error correction) facility for STM-16 optical links Contiguous concatenation handling of VC-4-4c, VC-4-16c signals (via converter)



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SONET interworking with STS-3-3c, STS-12-3c, STS-12-12c, and STS - 48-3c,STS-48-12c, STS-48-48c signals

Near-end and far-end performance management for all signal layers

Please note: Theres no extra booster shelf for the SMA 16 available. When the rack capacity isexceeded due to usage of booster and preamplifier cards please contact technical salesdepartment to discuss possible solutions.



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2 APPLICATIONS

The SMA Series 4 network elements SMA16/4 and SMA4/1 can be used in many applications.

2.1 SMA Series 4 as Terminal Multiplexer (TMX)

Both the SMA16/4 and SMA4/1 can be used as Terminal Multiplexer in the following way:

STM-1, 4, 16SMA

working

protection

622 Mb/s (STM-4)155 Mb/s el/op (STM-1)140 Mb/s

2 Mb/s34/45 Mb/s

FE / GbE10/100BT

Figure 1: Terminal Application

The SMA Series 4 terminal multiplexer are equipped with a non-blocking switching network andthus provide cross-connectivity between all line and tributary interfaces on all levels VC-4,VC-3, VC-2, and VC-12.



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2.2 SMA Series 4 as Add Drop Multiplexer (ADM)

The SMA Series 4 ADMs are equipped with a non-blocking switching network. Therefore they provide cross-connectivity between all line and tributary interfaces for the signal levels VC-4,VC-3, VC-2, and VC-12.

STM-1,4,16east

SMA

working

protection


STM-1,4,16west

working

protection

34/45 Mb/s2 Mb/s

10/100BTFE / GbE

RPR (for doublerow subrack)

Figure 2: Add/Drop Application

In this type of application the following protection schemes are possible for the line signals:

Protection scheme Remark

SNCP Utilise STM-n west and STM-n east

MSP 1+1 Each 1+1 STM-n MSP link allocatesn STM-1 equivalents in the switch

BSHR-2 For STM-16 line and STM-4 tributarysignals.

Multiple BSHR-2 Supported for STM-16 and STM-4.

On the tributary side, a maximum capacity of 32 STM-1 equivalents can be processed andconnected to the line side with SMA16/4. With SMA4/1 the total capacity is 16 x STM-1 thatcan be arbitrarily allocated.



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2.3 SMA Series 4 as Local Cross-Connect (LXC)

Both SMA Series 4 products SMA16/4 and SMA4/1 provide full Cross-Connectivity betweenline-line, line-trib and trib-trib, limited only by the capacity of the switching network or theavailable slots. This applies for all supported layers VC-4, VC-3, VC-2, and VC-12 for the cross-connection-types unidirectional and bidirectional with or without SNCP.

STM-1,4,16

SMA


2 Mb/s

STM-1,4,16

34/45 Mb/s

10/100BFE / GbE

RPR (for doublerow subrack)

Figure 3: Local Cross-Connect Application

2.4 SMA16/4 in DWDM Operation

The SMA16/4 network element is designed to operate directly in DWDM transmission networkson the STM-16 line side, e.g. to be connected to our DWDM system MTS.

STM-16

SMA16/42.5Gb/s

622 Mb/s (STM4)155 Mb/s el/op (STM1)Fast / Gigabit Ethernet RPR140 Mb/s 34/45 Mb/s2 Mb/s

DWDM

Terminal

STM-16

SMA16/42.5Gb/s

DWDM

Terminal

622 Mb/s (STM4)155 Mb/s el/op (STM1)Fast / Gigabit Ethernet RPR140 Mb/s 34/45 Mb/s2 Mb/s

Figure 4: SMA16/4 connected to DWDM Terminal



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3 PRODUCT OVERVIEW

3.1 Multiplex Structure

The equipment is based on the SDH multiplexing structure (acc. to ETS 300 147) as shown inFigure 5 below. As can be seen, the multiplexing via the administration unit AU-4 is supported.

STM-N AU4

TUG3

TUG2

VC-3

C12VC-12switching level

C3

140 Mbit/s

2 Mbit/s

3 x

7 x

3 x

N x 155 Mbit/s

C4VC4 AUG

TU12

TU2

TU3

VC-2

N = 1, 4, 1645 Mbit/s

34 Mbit/s

Figure 5: Structure of Multiplexing within SMA Series 4



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3.2 SMA Series 4 System Implementations

3.2.1 Block Diagram of SMA16/4 System Architecture

The SMA16/4 is mainly a full connectivity STM-16 ADM with a switching granularity down toVC-12 level that can also be used for STM-4 or even high capacity STM-1 network applications.The design is based on traffic and tributary cards together with a lower order switch coreconsisting of IPU16 and SN64 cards, see the block diagram in figure 6a below. The equipment isconceived as a double row subrack that houses all the traffic and tributary cards. Allinterconnections are done via the backplane. (please refer to figure 6a)

3.2.2 Block Diagram of SMA4/1 System Architecture

The SMA4/1 is mainly a full connectivity STM-4 ADM with a switching granularity down toVC-12 level that can also be used for STM-1 network applications. The design is based on traffic

and tributary cards together with a lower order switch core consisting of IPU16 and SN64 cards,see the block diagram in figure 6b below. The equipment is conceived as a single row subrackthat houses all the traffic and tributary cards. All interconnections are done via the backplane.

Note: As nearly all slots of the SMA4/1 (single-row subrack) can be arbitrarily equipped withSDH and PDH type interfaces a clear distinction between Line and Tributary side is hardly

possible. In a further sense, the slot positions T#8 and T#9 can be regarded as Line side whileT#6 and T#7 can be both, Line side or Tributary side, depending on its equipping. (pleaserefer to figure 6b)



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Figure 6a:Functional Diagram of the Multiplexer SMA16/4 (double-row)

S6MD

S6MD

S6MD

S6MD

S6T

L#1

S6MD

S6MD

S6MD

S6MD

S6T

OIS16(-2)D

IPU16#1-x

BSHR-4 ProtectionLinks

S6MD

S6MD

S6MD

S6MD

S6T

OIS16(-2)D

S6MD

S6MD

S6MD

S6MD

S6T

OIS16(-2)D

16

16

ISDH ISDH

16

16

OH-bu

SN64-x IPU16#2-x

S6MD

OIS4(-2)D

S4MDO(2)

OIS1D

S4MD

EIPS1D

4 x S4TR

UTIF155

S4CS

2 x DCC-b

ICB

PBUS

plane-xplane-y

UTIF155

16

UTIF155

16

16

SETS(no log. partof plane!)EDSTM1S

EDSTM1S

EDSTM1S

EDSTM1S

EDSTM1S

EDSTM1S

EDSTM1S

EDSTM1S

EDSTM1S

EDSTM1S

EDSTM1S

EDSTM1S

EDSTM1S

EDSTM1S

EDSTM1S

EDSTM1S

6UTIF155 6+1

16

16

ISDH

selection(in

LSW64)

61610

10

1 x STM4-op. 4 x STM1-op.

4 x 140/155M-electrical

UTIF155

S4CS

8

8

88

IPU16#4-x IPU16#3-x

MSP/BSHR-2ProtectionLinks

OPD

optical-IF

optical-IFOBD

optical-IF

optical-IF

LTU

EBSLS(V2)

PSUTP(V2)

EI2-42

42 x 2Mbit/s

P12MD2

DSMC

EI3-3(V2)

3 x(34

Mbit/sor 4

5 Mbit/s),

per port configuration

TL3M

LSW6464#3

2

LSW6464#3

2

Slot numdue to sh

notes:

-work- shr2-

west

-mspPro

t- shr2-east-

work

OIS16(-2)D

L#2

L#4

L#3

(odd)

(even)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

CLA

PHAST-3N

DART

VSC7123

MAC IXF1002

KS8761

MAC21440

C5 ASICS

LTU-ETH

POS R3

4 x 10/100Eth or Gbe

1 x 100BT

4 x 10/100BT1 x 1000B-SX1 x 1000B-LX LTU-4

EmTRoEth100DEth1000D Eth-P4

S6MD2



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Figure 6b: Functional Diagram of the Multiplexer SMA4/1 (single-row)

IPU16#1-x

BSHR-4 ProtectionLinks

SN64-x

S4CS

plane-xplane-y

UTIF155

16

SETS(no log. partof plane!)EDSTM1S

EDSTM1S

EDSTM1S

EDSTM1S

EDSTM1S

EDSTM1S

EDSTM1S

EDSTM1S

6 +1

selection(in LSW64)

6

UTIF155

4

LSW64#32

LSW64#32

notes:

CLA

OBDOPDEI2-42 p

1 x

LBT protection

16

T#1T#2T#3T#4 T#5

T#8

4

ISDH

MSP/BSHR-2ProtectionLinks

- work

OIS4(-2)D

- SHR2West(only for OIS4(-2)D)

OIS1DOBDOPD

O

ISDH

4

OOO

T#6

4 ISDH

- work

OIS4(-2)D

- SHR2West(only for OIS4(-2)D)

OIS1DEIPS1D

O

ISDH

4

OOO

EI3-3EI2-42

EE

UTIF155 UTIF155- CPProt(only for EIPS1)

OBD / OPD

EthP4Eth100DEth1000D

EthP4

Eth1000D

OIS4(-2)DOIS1D EIPS1DOBDOPD EI2-42 EI3-3

OIS4(-2)DOIS1DEIPS1DOBDOPD EI2-42EI3-3

OIS4(-2)D OIS1D EIPS1D

EI2-42 EI3-3

OIS4(-2)DOIS1DOBDOPD

EI2-42EI3-3

6 xHBT/LBT

OBDOPD

LTU for140/155MBit/s/Ethernet


EBSLprot.MBit/s/Ethernet

MBit/s/Ethernet

PSUTPprot.




EthP4

Eth1000D





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3.2.3 Optical STM-16 Interface OIS16D, OIS16-2D

For optical STM-16 signals (2.5 Gb/s) a variety of interfaces are provided for different rangesand applications (short/long haul, high power, DWDM), see section 7.5 for details. TheOIS16D/-2D card provides one bidirectional port, i.e. receiver and transmitter. A maximumequipping of 4 cards is possible to achieve a maximum of 4 STM-16 ports.The STM-16 optical interface unit OIS16D/-2D is designed to meet performance requirements ofITU-T Recommendation G.957 and for DWDM applications G.692. It is used as STM-16 lineinterface and is, apart from the backplane connector, identical to the line interface used in theSiemens SL16 Series 2 equipment.

The OIS16D/-2D houses the laser module and performs the control of several laser parameterslike modulation current and temperature. Monitoring of these parameters is performed andcommunicated to the System Control Unit via the on board microprocessor PCU. A laser safetyshutdown (ALS) procedure is provided in conformance with ITU-T Rec. G.958 to ensure the

protection of personnel in case of fibre breaks.

The optical input and output power, the bias current, the modulation current, and the transmitwavelength are monitored and can be requested from LCT/NCT or NMS. The APD and lasertemperature are also monitored.

After opto-electrical conversion the incoming STM-16 signal is descrambled and demultiplexedto the VC-4 level and the section overhead is extracted. All traffic related overhead bytes (e.g.B1, B2, J0, K1, K2, Pointer) are processed on the unit. The OH-bytes designated for EOW/userchannels as well as the data communication channel bytes D1 to D12 are passed to the internal

bus systems "OH-Bus/DCC-Bus".

Then the VC-4 signals are forwarded to the working and standby (if equipped) InternalProcessing Unit IPU16 for the further signal processing.In the transmit direction the VC-4 signals are selected from the working or standby IPU16 unit.Then the section overhead is processed/inserted from the OH-bus, the signals are multiplexed tothe STM-16 level and passed to the laser module.

For DWDM operation coloured lasers are provided, see section Optical Planning Data.

To enhance the application range of the STM-16 systems, the OIS16D/-2D cards are designed tooperate with optical boosters and pre-amplifiers. A complete range of interfaces as presented inITU-T G.957 and G.scs is available.The standard optical connector mounted at the front of the card is E2000 type. Other connector

types FC-PC, DIN, and SC connectors are possible using available adaptors.The new OIS16-2D card supersedes the OIS16D card with release of SMA Series 4.2. It is fullycompatible from electrical and optical parameters point of view. Additionally, the new cardoffers enhancement in network performance with three valuable add-on features In-band FEC(Forward Error Correction) , Handling of contiguously concatenated VC-4s, and Handlingof SONET signals. Please note, that FEC and concatenation conversion (i.e. conversion ofcontiguos into virtual concatenated signals) are mutually exclusive features, i.e. FEC andconcatenation can not be used concurrently at one OIS16-2D card.



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3.2.4 Optical STM-4 Interface OIS4D, OIS4-2D

For STM-4 optical signals (622 Mb/s) a variety of interfaces are provided covering differentranges and applications (long/short haul, high power). The OIS4D/-2D card provides one

bidirectional port, i.e. receiver and transmitter. Equipping of up to 8 cards is possible.

The STM-4 optical interface unit OIS4D/-2D complies with requirements of ITU-T Rec G.957.It is used as STM-4 tributary interface.

The OIS4D/-2D unit houses the laser module, modulates it with STM-4 signal and performs thecontrol of several laser parameters like modulation current and temperature. Monitoring of these

parameters is performed and communicated to the System Control Unit via the on boardmicroprocessor PCU. A laser safety shutdown (ALS) is provided in conformance with ITU-TRec G.958 to ensure the protection of personnel in case of fibre breaks.

The optical input and output power, the bias current, the modulation current, and the transmitwavelength are monitored and can be requested from LCT/NCT or NMS. The APD and laser

temperature are also monitored.After opto-electrical conversion the incoming STM-4 signal is descrambled and demultiplexedto the VC-4 level and the section overhead is extracted. All traffic related overhead bytes (e.g.B1, B2, J0, K1, K2, Pointer) are processed on the unit. The OH-bytes designated for EOW/userchannels as well as the data communication channel bytes D1 to D12 are passed to the internal

bus systems OH-Bus and DCC-Bus respectively.

Then the VC-4 signals are forwarded to the working and standby (if equipped) switch planeconsisting of IPU16 and SN64 cards.

In the transmit direction the VC-4 signals are selected from the working or standby IPU16 unit.

Then the section overhead is processed/inserted from the OH-bus, the signals are multiplexed tothe STM-4 level and passed to the laser module.

The standard optical connector mounted at the front of the card is E2000 type. Other connectortypes FC-PC, DIN, and SC connectors are possible using available adaptors.

The new OIS4-2D card supersedes the OIS4D card with release of SMA Series 4.2. It is fullycompatible from electrical and optical parameters point of view. Additionally, the new cardoffers enhancement in network performance with two valuable add-on features Handling ofcontiguously concatenated VC-4s, and Handling of SONET signals.

3.2.5 Optical STM-1 Interface OIS1DFor optical STM-1 signals (155 Mb/s) a variety of interfaces are provided for different rangesand applications (long/short haul). The OIS1D card provides four bidirectional ports, i.e. fourreceivers and four transmitters. An equipping of up to 8 cards is possible to achieve a maximumof 32 optical STM-1 ports..

The STM-1 optical interface unit OIS1D complies with the requirements of ITU-T Rec G.957.

The OIS1D is designed to interface only STM-1 tributary signals. Both the VC-4 monitoringfunctions HPOM and HSUM can be arbitrarily configured to supervise the received equippedVC-4s and supervisory unequipped VC-4s respectively.



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The processing on the OIS1D includes the optical to electrical conversion, scrambler anddescrambler pointer processing, MSP facilities, adaptation and monitoring functions.

All traffic related section and path overhead bytes (e.g. B1, B2, J0, K1, K2, Pointer) are processed on the unit. A number of selectable SOH bytes can be passed to the OH-Bus. AlsoDCC access for tributary interfaces is possible via the DCC-Bus.

All unit monitoring and control is done by the onboard PCU.

The standard optical connector mounted at the front of the card is E2000 type. Other connectortypes FC-PC, DIN, and SC connectors are possible using available adaptors.

A redesigned OIS1D card supersedes the current OIS1D card with release of SMA Series 4.2.The new card is fully compatible from electrical and optical parameters point of view.Additionally, the new card offers transparency to SONET signals to allow their transmission.

3.2.6 Electrical 155 Mb/s and/or 140 Mb/s Interface EIPS1D (switchable)

For electrical STM-1 signals (155 Mb/s, SDH) and plesiochronous signals of 140 Mb/s (PDH) acommon interface card is provided. This card houses 4 bidirectional ports, i.e. four receivers andfour transmitters. Each single port on the card can be configured to operate as electrical STM-1or as 140 Mb/s port. An equipping of up to 8 cards is possible to achieve a maximum of 32working electrical STM-1/140 Mb/s ports.

It is possible to operate two 1:n card protection groups, n = 1, 2, 3. To enable this card protectionit is necessary to equip an EBSLS card for each protection group and one PSUTP card for their

power supply. In this configuration up to 24 working STM-1/140 Mb/s ports are possible.

The incoming signal is regenerated, descrambled and the OH is extracted. All traffic relatedsection and path overhead bytes (e.g. B1, B2, J0, K1, K2, Pointer/ B3, J1, C2) are processed onthe unit.

A number of selectable SOH bytes can be passed to the OH-Bus. Also DCC access for tributaryinterfaces is possible via the DCC-Bus.

The VC-4s are forwarded to the working and standby (if equipped) IPU16 unit for the lowerorder signal processing.

In the transmit direction the VC-4 signals are selected from the working or standby IPU16. Thesection overhead is processed/inserted from the OH-bus and added to the signal that is thenscrambled and CMI coded.


3.2.7 Gigabit Ethernet Interface Unit ETH1000

The Gigabit Ethernet interface unit (ETH1000) is designed to meet performance requirements ofIEEE 802.3z (Singlemode/Monomode, 1300nm/850nm, Duplex SC). It is used as a one portGigabit Ethernet interface (optical front access) and can be seen as a new plug-in unit carryingthe same traffic capacity as a STM-4 tributary card (managed by OS).

Two variants are provided: SX and LX (see chapt. Interfaces and Optical Planning Data).



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The GBE Interface unit houses the optical module, the GBE Transceiver, the MAC Controllerand a FPGA for POS data processing (HLDC-like-framing, FCS generation, byte stuffing,scrambling, SDH mapping) being in accordance with ITU G.707 (02/00).

Two modes are provided for Gigabit Ethernet data processing:

Single AU-4-mode providing 155Mbps used for GBE and Quad AU-4-mode providing 622Mbps used for GBE.

In Single AU4-mode the HDLC framed data packets are mapped in the first AU4 of thegenerated STM4 payload. The remaining three AU4s are filled with AU-AIS and not used fordata transmission. The unused AU4s dont occupy capacity on the switching network. This isnecessary because the S6MD2, which provides the interface to the working and protectionSNL64, expects a proper STM4 signal in any case. In Single AU4-mode the c/v converter must

be switched off.

In Quad AU4-mode a AU4-4c is completely filled with the HDLC framed data packets. Thiscontiguous concatenated STM4c is transported over the SDH network by converting it to a AU4-4v (four virtual concatenated AU4s) done by the S6MD2. The SCU-SW has to handle this signalas an corresponding group Tp.

The mechanism mentioned above allows to scale the SDH capacity (single AU4 or quad AU4)used for GBE via LCT/NCT or TNMS. This is a important feature, because network providersdont want to pay the whole GBE data capacity (up to 1000 Mpbs) as a leased line.

As well Laser Safety function as Signal Detect function (LOS) are implemented on the opticalinterface module.

Ethernet Network statistic functions (Performance Management) such as number of good/bad

transmitted packets, buffer overflow TCA, fLinkDown, etc. provided by the MAC controller aresupported by the NE-SW. A far-end flow control is also implemented.


3.2.7 Fast Ethernet Interface Unit ETH100Also this Ethernet interface provides a full duplex transparent Ethernet link for interconnectionof distributed campus backbones via SDH networks. The ETH100 is an one port card using thecapacity of a single VC-4 (managed by OS).

The Fast Ethernet Interface will be implemented conforming to IEEE 802.3u 100BASE-T. A

datarate of 10 Mbit/s and half-duplex mode are NOT supported. 100BASE-T describes aninterface for twisted pair copper cables of the type/quality category 5, RJ45 (see chapt.Interfaces and Optical Planning Data).

The Fast Ethernet module (ETH100) is pretty similar in structure to the Gigabit Ethernet module(ETH1000).

By means of the Ethernet Trail Termination function the electrical Fast Ethernet signal for fullduplex transmission over the twisted pair cable is formed (i.e. clock recovery, date de/encoding,data de-/serialization). Additionally statistic functions such as goodPacketsReceived,

badPacketsReceived and goodPacketsTransmitted are supported.



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The Switching Network SN64 performs the routing of the VC-12 to VC-4 containers betweenthe traffic interfaces and can be duplicated if required. Unidirectional and bi-directionalconnections as well as broadcasting and drop-and-continue of traffic are supported.

If an SN64 protection card is equipped an automatic switch-over to the protection card is carriedout in case the working SN64 fails.

All card monitoring, configuration, and control is done by the onboard PCU.

The SN64 also houses the synchronous equipment timing source (SETS functionality). Itsynchronises the system from either STM-N (T1) or 2 Mb/s (T2) signal or from one of the twoexternal 2.048 MHz (or 2.048 Mb/s via external Clock Adapter CLA) clocks (T3). In case oftiming reference failure an internal system clock oscillator is used in hold-over or free run modewith appropriate accuracy (better than 4.6 ppm).

The timing reference selection is performed according to the quality level and a userconfigurable priority list in automatic mode or in forced mode by either the LCT/NCT or the

NMS. The Synchronisation Status Message Byte S1 handling (Timing Marker) is supported.The synchronisation HW can be duplicated by fitting a SN64 protection card. Then any failure ingenerating the internal system clock T0 leads to an automatic switch-over to the protectionSETS. This switch-over is not hitless and causes a short-time (micro seconds) signal disruptionin the transmitted line and tributary signals.Please note that in case of the optional 1+1 switch network protection a duplication of allrelated IPU16 cards is mandatory.

3.2.12 Timing Reference T3/T4 for 2048 kbit/s (CLA)

The T3/T4 Clock Adapter CLA is an external module installed in the top of the rack andcontains 3 independent and bi-directional clock adaptation channels. Each clock adaptationchannel can be used for the conversion from 2048 kbit/s into 2048 kHz of the T3 clock and 2048kHz into 2048 kbit/s of the T4 clock of a NE.A 2048 kbit/s timing reference signal T3/T4 carrying SSM/QL information is supported with anspecial common mode DC-transmission superimposed to the 2048 kHz clock signal in balancedmode between CLA and NE. For further technical data see section 7.1.

The CLA operates with input voltage 48/60V from station power supply in the rack and isneither supervised nor controlled by a NE.

3.2.13 Internal Processing Unit IPU16

The IPU16 is a card that performs all the signal processing for the lower path-layers VC-12, VC-2, and VC-3, and for the higher order path layer VC-4. For this eight highly integrated ASICs oflatest technology are utilised. Each ASIC processes two STM-1 equivalents. Therefore, oneIPU16 card enables the connection and processing of 16 x STM-1.

Due to HW re-use, the following monitoring possiblities are given for lower order monitoring: Up to 32 free allocatable LPOM or LSUM functions can be enabled per AU-4



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To assure that only the shortest way over the ring is used (bandwidth reuse) each node builds upMAC address tables (MACAT). This tables contains the information if a certain destinationMAC address can shorter be reached clockwise or counter-clockwise.In case of an error (e.g. one link down on the ring) the MACATs are modified and all the

Ethernet packets are routed over the intact part of the ring. Its also possible to use SDH protection mechanisms (for example BSHR) if available.

One important feature of packet switched networks is the statistical share of bandwidth theuser doesnt need the nominal bandwidth all the time. So overbooking is possible, that means thesame bandwidth is shared among different users at different time. On the other hand in somecases guaranteed bandwidth is necessary.So two classes of traffic have been defined in RPR: Stream and best effort. Stream means thatthe booked bandwidth is guaranteed all the time. Here no overbooking is possible. Best efforttraffic means that the bandwidth is not guaranteed. Sent packets are transmitted in the best

possible way (depends of the current packet load on the ring). If the bandwidth available is notsufficient, packets are discarded.To avoid congestion for best effort traffic (in case too much users send packets at the same time)flow control will be implemented.RPR passes the Ethernet frames transparently. Theres no impact on any Layer 3 protocols.

-Only double row variant SMA16/4 is designed for RPR application.

RN1

MSI

RN2 MSI

RN5 MSI

RN3

MSI

RN4 MSI

MSI

MSI

Clockwise

Counter Clock Control Packet

Data Packet

Resilient Packet Ring

RN1

MSI

RN1

SMA

RN2 MSI RN2 SMA

RN5 MSI RN5 SMA

RN3

MSI

RN3

SMA

RN4 SMA

MSI

SMA

MSI SMA

Clockwise

Counter Clock Control Packet

Data Packet

Resilient Packet Ring

Prerequisite of RPR application is a RPR card positioned in two neighboured tributary slots . Upto two RPR cards per SMA are available. The RPR card builds up a RPR ring node (RN). A



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RPR can have up to 16 ring nodes. For one SMA it is possible either to be member of two ringsor to use both RPR cards for a common ring.

Available RPR Cards

The access of RPR ring is realised by Ethernet ports at the RPR card directly. There are threetypes of RPR cards in this release available:4x10/100BT1xGbE 850nm1xGbE 1300nm

Ring BandwidthEither 1xVC-4 or 1xVC-4-4v

Ethernet Port GranularityThe actual bandwidth used by a customer at an Ethernet port of RPR card can be configured ondemand, Fast Ethernet port in 1 Mbit/s steps and GbE port in 10 Mbit/s steps.

Framing on RingThe RPR header does not support frame delineation. This function is done by PPP in HDLC-likeframing as described in RFC1662.

Traffic Classification within RPRTwo traffic classes can be defined on Ethernet port basis to access the RPR: Stream trafficwith guaranteed bandwidth and Best Effort traffic with overbooking possibility, configurable

peak bandwidth and average bandwidth predictable due to fairness protocol. The bandwidth

configured for Stream traffic is permanently reserved but not permanently used - within thering and can be used by Best Effort traffic). The Stream traffic can be used for example forSLA contracted bandwidth reservation and even suitable for audio/video streams.

Closed User Group (CUG)With aid of CUG feature, VPNs (Virtual Private Network) can be built up. Different customersare strictly separated from each other. Each Ethernet port can be assigned into one CUG. Up to 4CUGs per RPR Ring Node (respectively RPR card).

MAC AddressesMAC address learning and MAC address ageing according to IEEE802.1d are implemented inRPR. MAC address learning is protected against MAC address scan attack from one CUG toanother. Up to 128,000 MAC address entries are possible for one RPR ring node. Each CUG hasits own MAC address table and forms a own broadcast domain. Up to 2000 MAC address entriesare allowed per CUG. Static MAC address entries per RN are supported also to prevent

permanent flooding in case of pure unidirectional traffic.

VLAN ApplicationsVLAN transparent forwarding is used at each Ethernet port of RPR. This means that differentcustomers can be separated using VLAN award equipment such as Switch or Router beforeconnecting to RPR.



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Transparency to Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)Spanning Tree Protocol is used in Ethernet network to avoid loop in the network. If there is anyring topology existing in the network the STP disconnects the ring. RPR supports STP in theway that it transmits the STP protocol (Bridge Protocol Data Units (BPDU)) transparently

through the RPR. Switch or router of local end-customer handle blocking and non-blocking ofinterfaces. The RPR interfaces are always non-blocking.

Protection FeaturesRPR utilizes both fibers concurrently for frame transport and to accelerate control signal

propagation for adaptive bandwidth utilization and for self-healing purposes. From this point ofview, RPR and BSHR (Bi-directional self-healing Ring) in the circuit switched world look alike,except that in RPR no additional bandwidth is reserved for protection reason that lies fallow untila protection case occurs.

3.2.15 Overhead Access Unit OHA

To support EOW (engineering order wire) and data service channels (V.11, G.703) one overheadcard OHA is provided that also allows versatile POH and SOH access and flexible OHX-functionality.

The OHA card processes and cross-connects overhead bytes, allowing byte access to the userand implementing the engineering order wire (EOW). It provides access and throughput of theSOH bytes of the line and tributary interfaces. The unit receives these bytes via the system'sinternal OH-Bus. The onboard Overhead Processing facility (OHP) provides bi-directional cross

connections between selectable OH bytes from any STM-N interface at line or tributary side.Also a routing of OH-bytes to the auxiliary channel user interfaces is provided. These channelsare accessible at the connector field set back on the upper side of the subrack.

The OHA card provides overhead access to all STM-N interfaces. In case of 1+1 MSP protectionthe RSOH is sent separate per link and MSOH is broadcast on both working and protection lines.For more information on Overhead access and handling, please refer to section 4.2.

3.2.16 System Control Unit SCU-R2E

The System Control Unit (SCU-R2E) provides the central monitoring and control for the system

(SEMF function). It also performs the MCF, i.e. handling the information of F, Q and ECCinterfaces. Internal control is performed via the ICB bus system which connects the SCU

processor unit to the PCU processor units on the cards. A second bus system called ProtectionBus PBUS connects the SCU and the traffic cards. It is used as an "express channel" for thecommunication referring to protection switching thus enabling the system to provide fastswitching times. Both buses are parts of the Internal Communication System ICS.

The SCU interfaces to the cards/communicates via the interfaces listed below:

Traffic and Non-traffic cards (via the Internal Communication System ICS ).

ECC, Q and F interface (via MCF function).



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Rack and station alarm bus (Relay contacts).

Using these interfaces, the SCU performs the following functions:

It monitors all the system alarms and extends their states to the network management systemand the rack alarm bus. It will also extend the information to a Local Craft Terminal.

On request it passes all the system performance information to the network managementsystem and to the local craft terminal.

It will configure the system to either default settings or to settings passed to it from thenetwork management system or the local terminal. The latest settings will always be stored innon-volatile memory within the system.

System identity for each card within the system is also available via the SCU.

3.2.17 MIBS-Modules

The SMA16/4 and SMA4/1 has two MIBS-modules in a protection architecture that are part ofthe subrack. They are implemented as replaceable units to ease their repair in case ofmalfunction. The task of the MIBS-module is to accommodate 4 Mbyte of FEPROM for thestorage of all persistent configuration data handled by the System Control Unit (SCU-R2E).

3.2.18 Optical Amplifier Units OBD and OPD

To bridge extremely long distances integrated optical Boosters (OBD) for STM-4 and STM-16signals and Pre-amplifiers (OPD) for STM-16 signals are provided. They are based on single pumped elements.

The booster input can either be connected to an STM-16 line interface card or to an STM-4tributary card. This is only possible with a high return loss (HRL) cable that is delivered with the

booster.

Optical preamplifiers OPD can be used together with STM-16 interface cards. Theinterconnection is only possible with high return loss (HRL) cabling that is delivered togetherwith OPD.

Please note: Theres no extra booster shelf for the SMA 16 available. When the rack capacity isexceeded due to usage of booster and preamplifier cards please contact technical salesdepartment to discuss possible solutions.



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3.3 Line and Tributary Access Capacities

3.3.1 Equipping of SMA16/4

The line and tributary access capacities are related to the cross-connection capacity of theswitching matrix (SN64 card) and to internal traffic connection assignment limitations. For theequipping of the four line slots L#1 to L#4 this leads to the precondition that for all equippedSTM-16 cards (OIS16* = OIS16D or OIS16-2D) the sum of AU-4 channels assigned forworking traffic must not exceed 32. With the assignment rules that

an OIS16* card in 'Working' mode assigns 16 AU-4s, an OIS16* card in 'MS-Protection' mode assigns 0 AU-4 (no extra traffic provided) , an OIS16* card in 'BSHR-2 West or East' mode assigns 8 AU-4s (no extra traffic provided)

the following combinations of OIS16* cards are supported in the first product release:

Application L#1Slot 501

L#2Slot 502

L#3Slot 509

L#4Slot 510

Working (Protection) - -- Working - -- - Working (Protection)

Terminal Multiplexer TMX with(optional linear MSP protection)

- - - WorkingWorking Working - -

- - Working WorkingAdd/Drop Multiplexer ADM with(optional linear MSP protection)

Working (Protection) Working (Protection)

BSHR-West BSHR-East - -- - BSHR-West BSHR-EastBSHR-West BSHR-East Working (Protection)

ADM with one BSHR-2orone BSHR-2 + STM-16 link with(optional linear MSP protection) Working (Protection) BSHR-West BSHR-East

ADM for dual BSHR-2 BSHR-West BSHR-East BSHR-West BSHR-East

The architecture of the SMA16/4 allows for high-capacity tributary access. The table belowshows the maximum number of usable tributary interfaces to connect PDH and SDH signals. Upto 12 units (Cards) in versatile mixing can be housed in the subrack. The greyed types aresubject to a product release beyond SMA16/4 S4.2. Please regard the limitations described

below.



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Interface Type Protection Portsper Card

Portsper NE

Units (Cards)

2 Mb/s 1:N (N 6)card protection

42 252 w: 6 x EI2-42 p: 1 x EI2-42

2 Mb/s None 42 252 w: 6 x EI2-42

34 / 45 Mb/s 1+1 card protection

3 9 w: 3 x EI3-3 p: 3 x EI3-3

34 / 45 Mb/s None 3 18 w: 6 x EI3-3

10/100BT(mapped in E1/E3)

- 4 24 6 x ETH P4

140 Mb/s 2 x 1:N (N 3)card protection

4 24 w: 2 x 3 x (EIPS1D + LTUS) p: 2 x (EIPS1D + EBSLS) +

PSUTP

140 Mb/s None 4 32 w: 8 x (EIPS1D + LTUS)

STM-1-el. 2 x 1:N (N 3)card protection

4 24 w: 2 x 3 x (EIPS1D + LTUS) p: 2 x (EIPS1D + EBSLS) +

PSUTP

STM-1-el. None 4 32 w: 8 x (EIPS1D + LTUS)

STM-1-opt. 1+1 MSP 4 16 w: 4 x OIS1D p: 4 x OIS1D

STM-1-opt. None 4 32 w: 8 x OIS1D

STM-4 1+1 MSP 1 4 w: 4 x OIS4* p: 4 x OIS4*

STM-4 None 1 8 w: 8 x OIS4*

STM-4 : Rel 4.3 4 x BSHR-2 1 8 (w/p) w/p: 4 x (2 x OIS4*)

STM-16 - - - None; only on line side!

Fast Ethernet - 1 8 8 x ETH 100

Gigabit Ethernet - 1 8 8 x ETH 1000

RPR - Either4x10/100BT

or 1xGbE

Eachcombination

of cardtypes

possible

2 x RPR-A per NE;

OHA (overhead) - 4 x V.112 x G.703

4 x V.112 x G.703

1 x OHA

OBD (booster) - 1 12 12 x OBD

OPD (preamplifier) - 1 12 12 x OPD

w: Working p: Protection OIS4* = OIS4D or OIS4-2D



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Please note the following two details on the tributary equipping:

1. The three LBT slots 402, 403, 404 (see figure 9 in section 5.2) share their capacity on theswitching matrix (SN64) with the HBT of the mixed LBT/HBT slot 405. Therefore, anytributary slot from the set {402, 403, 404} can only be equipped with an LBT-type interfacecard {EI2-42, EI3-3, ETH P4} if the slot 405 is not to be equipped with an HBT-typeinterface card {EIPS1D, OIS1D, OIS4D, OIS4-2D, ETH 100, ETH 1000}. Or vice versa, thetributary slot 405 can only be equipped with an HBT-type interface card {EIPS1D, OIS1D,OIS4D, OIS4-2D, ETH 100, ETH 1000} if any tributary slot from the set {402, 403, 404} isnot to be equipped with an LBT-type interface card {EI2-42, EI3-3, ETH P4}.

Example: It is not possible to operate an EI2-42 in slot 402, 403, or 404 and an EIPS1D inslot 405 at the same time.

2. A second limitation applies to the two LBT/HBT slots 406 and 411. When slot 406 isequipped with a HBT-type interface card {EIPS1D, OIS1D, OIS4D, OIS4-2D, ETH 100,TTH 1000} then slot 411 can not be equipped with an LBT-type interface card {EI2-42, EI3-3, ETH P4}.

Conclusion: To avoid the above mentioned two limitations with SMA16/4 as far as possible, theequipping of HBT-type interface cards at the LBT/HBT positions 405 and 406 should be avoidedas long as not necessarily required. Therefore it is recommended to equip LBT-type interfacecards from the left to the right, and HBT-type interface cards from the right to the left.

Apart from taking a free slot, optical Boosters or Preamplifiers do not cause any furtherlimitation on the equipping of the subrack.



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3.3.2 Equipping of SMA4/1

The SMA4/1 allows for the equipping of up to 9 slots for traffic ports. Two of the slots (409 and408) are assigned to HBT type interfaces (EIPS1D, OIS1D, OIS4*), six slots (407 to 402) areshared LBT/HBT slots , and one slot (401) is dedicated to the protection card for the 1:n 2 Mb/scard protection.

The flexible architecture of the SMA4/1 allows for versatile traffic port access. The table belowshows the maximum number of usable traffic interfaces to connect PDH and SDH signals. Up to9 units (used as Line or Tributary Cards) in versatile mixing can be housed in the subrack. Thegreyed types are subject to a product release SMA4/1 Rel. 4.3. Please regard the limitationdescribed below.


Portsper NE

Units (Cards)

2 Mb/s 1:N (N 6)card protection

42 252 w: 6 x EI2-42 p: 1 x EI2-42

2 Mb/s None 42 252 w: 6 x EI2-42

34 / 45 Mb/s 1+1 card protection

3 9 w: 3 x EI3-3 p: 3 x EI3-3

34 / 45 Mb/s None 3 18 w: 6 x EI3-3

10/100BT(mapped in E1/E3)

- 4 24 6 x ETH P4

140 Mb/s 1:N (N 3)

card protection

4 12 w: 3 x (EIPS1D + LTUS) p: (EIPS1D + EBSLS) +

PSUTP

140 Mb/s None 4 12 w: 3 x (EIPS1D + LTUS)

STM-1-el. 1:N (N 3)card protection

4 12 w: 3 x (EIPS1D + LTUS) p: (EIPS1D + EBSLS) +

PSUTP

STM-1-el. None 4 12 w: 3 x (EIPS1D + LTUS)

STM-1-opt. 1+1 MSP 4 16 w: 4 x OIS1D p: 4 x OIS1D

STM-1-opt. None 4 16 w: 4 x OIS1DSTM-4 1+1 MSP 1 4 w: 4 x OIS4*

p: 4 x OIS4*

STM-4 None 1 4 w: 4 x OIS4*

STM-4 : Rel 4.3 2 x BSHR-2 1 4 (w/p) w/p: 2 x (2 x OIS4*)

Fast Ethernet - 1 4 4 x ETH 100

Gigabit Ethernet - 1 6 6 x ETH 1000

OHA (overhead) - 4 x V.112 x G.703

4 x V.112 x G.703

1 x OHA



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Portsper NE

Units (Cards)

OBD (booster) - 1 9 9 x OBD

w: Working p: Protection OIS4* = OIS4D or OIS4-2D

Please note the following equipping limitation for SMA4/1:

The two slots 406 and 409 share their capacity on the switching matrix (SN64) with respect tothe provisioning mode working HBT. Therefore, HBT cards like EIPS1D, OIS1D or OIS4* inslot 406 and 409 are mutual exclusive as working.

Consequence: This means that an SNCP protected ring with optical STM-1 or STM-4 Linecards in slot 408 and 409 excludes a working EIPS1, OIS1D, or OIS4* card in slot 406, butBSHR-2 or MSP protection schemes established in slots 408/409 do not affect the equipping ofslot 406.

Apart from taking a free slot, optical Boosters (OBD) do not cause any further limitation on theequipping of the SMA4/1 subrack.

3.4 Upgrading of SMA Series 4 Network Elements

There are different upgrade opportunities within the SMA Series 4 product family.To avoid unauthorized upgrade within the SMA 4.3 family (i.e. upgrade to SMA 16 without

buying the SMA 16 licence) a key code is necessary for upgrading an SMA 4 to an SMA 16.Basically the following upgrade facilities are supported:

Increase the number of traffic interfacesBoth SMA16/4 and SMA4/1 network elements can be upgraded by adding more line or tributarycards. This can be done without affecting the existing traffic in the network.

Upgrade STM-1, 4, 16 rings with additional node(s)This can be done without loss of traffic by forcing traffic with SNCP or BSHR protection, whereapplicable, in the protected path of the ring. Only short traffic interruptions are incurred for thetime of forced protection switching (< 50 ms).

SW-Updates/Upgrades with new featuresDownload of a new embedded Software version (APS) supporting the enhanced or new featuresinto the Network Element(s) and reboot to activate the new Software will not affect the traffic.This can be done locally with Local Craft Terminal (LCT) or remotely with Network CraftTerminal (NCT) or Management System TNMS. For fall back reasons, the former Softwareversion is still kept in the NE.

Upgrade SMA16/4 from STM-4 to STM-16 application



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The SMA16/4 (double-row subrack) is perfectly suitable for both high-capacity STM-4 andSTM-16 network applications. Once established for STM-4 applications, it can easily beupgraded later to a full functional STM-16 Multiplexer by simply adding the required number ofSTM-16 line cards (up to four) in the dedicated slots and downloading the Software upgrade to

enable the new STM-16 features. This can be done without affecting the existing traffic in thenetwork.To avoid unauthorized upgrade (i.e. without buying the SMA 16 licence) a key code is necessaryfor upgrading an SMA 4 to an SMA 16.

SMA 4Rel 4.2

SMA 16Rel 4.3

SMA 16Rel 4.2

SMA 4Rel 4.3

Software keyrequired

Software keyrequired

NoSoftware key

required

Software keyreqired



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4 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

4.1 Controller ArchitectureThe system control and monitoring is performed by a distributed architecture of interconnectedmicro-processors in a two level hierarchy, see figure 7 below. All alarm, status and controlinformation is processed on each individual slide-in unit by an on-board microprocessor calledPeripheral Control Unit (PCU). The main system controller, the Synchronous Control Unit(SCU-R2E), controls the entire network element and provides interfaces to a local and remoteOperating System. Each PCU communicates with the SCU-R2E or with neighbouring PCUsusing the Internal Communication System ICS = ICB + PBUS.

The information gathered by the SCU-R2E is exchanged with the Network Management systemvia the network management Q interface using the MCF function. The Q interface is a G.773 B3interface with high speed Ethernet access (10 Mb/s). The SCU-R2E also provides an F interfaceto connect a Local Craft Terminal (LCT).

For feature enhancements or debugging, software download is possible for all units of thesystem. During download the traffic is not affected.Figure

HDLCEthernet

SCU-R2E

QF

V 24

ICSICB

PBUS

DCCB1DCCB2 (used for SMA16/SMA4s> V2)EDI

ICB PBUS

HDLC

Shut downbutton

Alarms: AI1,2 T0BW7R

SDI

MIBSmodule

new LTUS

EBSLSwithout PCU

PSUTP

PCUD

IPU16

PCUD

SN64

PCUB

OIS16(-2 D

PCUB

OIS4(-2 D

PCUB

OIS1D

PCUB

EIPS1

PCUB

EI2-42

TIF

SRAP-PI

OHA

PCUAPCUB

OBD

PCUB

OPD

PCUB

EI3-3

OIS16(2-)D andRPRN-A in SMA16onl

PCUB

EthP4 Eth1000D

PCUD

Eth100D

PCUD MCU-B

EthP4

RPRN-A

LTU-ETHLTUS

LTU-4

Figure 7: SMA Series 4-Controller Architecture



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4.2 Overhead Access and HandlingAll traffic related OH-bytes as A1, A2, J0, B1, B2, K1, K2, and AU-Pointer (H1,Y, H2, 1*, H3)are extracted and inserted on the respective interface units. The SOH-bytes used for EOW or

user (auxiliary) channels are to be passed via the internal "OH-Bus" system to the overheadaccess card OHA for data processing. Therefore to operate an EOW and/or to utilise userchannel interfaces G.703, V.11 an OHA card is mandatory.

Note: The D1 to D12 bytes are not handled on the OHA card. They are transported via the DCC- busses to the MCF-function located on the system control unit (SCU-R2E card).

The following SOH and POH bytes are handled within SMA Series 4 equipment:

SOH VC-4/3 POH VC-2/12 POHA1 A1 A1 A2 A2 A2 J0 NU NU J1 V5

B1 E1 F1 NU NU B3 J2

D1 D2 D3 C2 N2

H1 Y Y H2 1* 1* H3 H3 H3 G1 K4B2 B2 B2 K1 K2 F2

D4 D5 D6 H4

D7 D8 D9 F3

D10 D11 D12 K3

S1 Z1 Z1 Z2 Z2 M1 E2 NU NU N1

Only the yellow (grey) highlighted bytes are accessible by means of the OH-Bus for the use of

Timing Marker : S1,Engineering Order Wire : E1 or E2,User channels (G.703, V.11) : F1, NU, Z1, Z2, (3,8), (6,2), (6,3) and F2, F3 of VC-4 POH.

Please note: In case of STM-N signals only the SOH of the first STM-1#1 is possible. Theutilisation of the bytes F2 and F3 of VC-4/3 POH is only possible for VC-4 in conjunction withthe electrical tributary card EIPS1D in 140 Mb/s PDH mode.

4.2.1 EOW Processing

The SMA Series 4 EOW processing supports a telephone link to one or more remote networkelements by using the RSOH byte E1 and the MSOH byte E2 for communication. The first

product release provides only one single EOW conference. In a later release two EOWconferences will be supported. EOW in chain as well as in ring configurations is supported. Forring configurations an EOW ring manager is provided to suppress EOW loops.

A 2-wire DTMF handset (as in SL16 R2 systems) is used. It provides a DTMF keypad (keys: 0to 9, *, #), a DTMF transmitter and a build-in ringer.



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4.3 Supervision and Alarm Facilities

4.3.1 Methodology

All units of the SMA Series 4 are supervised by the microprocessor-controlled supervision

system outlined in section 4.1. The design philosophy is in accordance with ITU-T Rec. G.781 toG.784 and ETSI ETS 300 417 and comprises Fault, Configuration, Performance, and Security(Access) Management.

4.3.2 Local Craft and Network Craft Terminal (LCT/NCT)

The Local Craft Terminal (LCT) is the tool for installation, (re)configuration, on-sitemaintenance and service purposes. It allows access to all configurable system parameters via asuitable graphical user interface (GUI). Also a simplified network control layer (NCT mode) isavailable that allows small sub-networks to be monitored. The NCT mode represents allconnected network elements as a coloured symbol (e.g. a circle). The colour of these symbolswill change according to the received alarm status. A double click on one of the symbols willautomatically start the respective local craft application for further fault analysis.

LCT/NCT has the following characteristics:

(simple) network control mode (NCT- mode) as a cost effective solution for managing smallnetworks (approximately 50 network elements) by providing fault management capability(typical application: small, isolated local/city network)

supports performance/fault and configuration management in local mode (LCT - mode) F interface (9,6 kbit/s) or Q interface (10 Mb/s) remote login into any reachable network element. So, even using an LCT, is possible to

configure a remote element in case its NSAP address is already configured. security management: authentication, automatic time-out off-line mode for software testing and preparing command sequences setting of cross-connections and loopbacks for service purposes open SW architecture: Windows NT at the PC running LCT/NCT is used. network elements SW management: software download to local and to remote network

element

4.3.3 External User Alarms (TIF)The SMA16/4 provides 16 external user alarm interfaces in two groups of eight via a separateTIF (Telemetry Interface) device not part of the subrack and in addition two direct externalalarm inputs available at the connector panel. This TIF device may be equipped at the top of therack or due to the electrical characteristics of the used G.703 interfaces for the interconnection tothe OHA card, it can also be located somewhere else in a far distance to the rack. In case ofSMA4/1 the TIF is a module that can be equipped directly into the top of the subrack.

Note: The utilisation of the TIF requires one G.703 interface of the OHA card for each group ofeight alarm inputs/outputs to be connected. In case of using all 16 external alarm inputs/outputs

none of the two G.703 interfaces is left for other purposes! The interfaces can be accessed via Copyright Siemens AG 2001 All Rights ReservedTitle: Technical Description, SMA Series 4 File: SMA-S4.3-TD_02.docIssue: Date: Ordering Nr./SNR Author: ICN CM TS 3 page 38/86Issue 02 12.03.2003 B. Maier, X. Bartels


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two Sub-D connectors at the connector panel whereby one G.703 interface and two V.11interfaces use the same connector.

4.3.4 Bw7R InterfaceFailures signalled by any card are processed by the SCU-R2E and are forwarded to differentalarm interfaces as shown in figure 7-a below: SubRack Alarm Panel - Phone Interface (SRAP-PI) End of rack row indication (LZE) Conventional central observation panel (ZBBeo)

SCU-R2E

RT1RT2+ S

A LEDB LED

EL LED

- S+ S

Key RT

ABEL

GND

za(a)za(b)

lea

bel

R A

R BR EL

a1

b1el1

SEMF

LZE-a

LZE-bLZE-el

ZA(A)ZA(B)

LE

}}

za(a)

za(b)le

a2

b2el2

Ucc

Bw7Rconnector

R ZA(A)R ZA(B)

R LE

to LZE

to ZBBeo

SRAP-PI

Ucc

GND

Figure 7-a: Functionality of local alarm signalling

The SRAP-PI is located at the upper front edge of the subrack. It indicates failures within thesubrack. This panel contains the indication LEDs A, B and EL and a reset button RT for alarmacknowledgement. The SRAP-PI indicators are powered with an extra signalling voltage +S/-S.in the range of 10.5 to 75 V.



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Functionality of the SRAP Name Component Alarm Type RemarksA LED

(red)PromptEquipment

Alarm

Lights up if an alarm with severity level prompt occurs. Cangenerally be acknowledged with the key RT. If NUBAT1

AND NUBAT2 (external power supply) are both interrupted,acknowledgement through RT is impossible.

B LED (amber)

Documents

Technical Description SMA Series 4.3