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Technical PresentationsObjectives and Overview
Billy Sanders
Credit to Donald Spencer, a co-worker atSandia National Laboratories, and my
Communications Guru
Advancement of Scienceand Technology
Depends on:
Solving Problems
Communicating
Designing the Oral Presentation
I. Consider Advantages/Limitations
of Speech vs. Writing
II. Analyze the Dynamics
III. Organize the Content
IV. Design the Visual Aids
I.Speech vs. Writing
THE BASICS
Speech Writing
uses uses
LanguageLanguage
I.Speech vs. Writing
INHERENT CHARACTERISTICS
Speech is: Writing is:
primary derived
continuous fixed
augmented single
interactive solitary
immediate delayed
I.Speech vs. Writing
LIMITATIONS OF SPEECH
Being Remembered
Fixing Patterns
Giving Detail
Describing Appearances
Treating Complexities
I.Speech vs. Writing
ORAL PRESENTATION
We use it when we want to:
Secure a quick responseCapitalize on personal impactBe persuasiveAnswer questions on the spotMeet crises demanding immediate actionPromote personal image and prestigeEstablish and maintain personal-level
relationsEngage in deliberations leading to decisions
II.Analyzing the Dynamics
CONSIDERATIONS
Subject
Purpose
Audience
II.Analyzing the Dynamics
SUBJECT
Limit?
Focus?
Context?
Handout?
II.Analyzing the Dynamics
DECIDE YOUR PURPOSE
Giving Information?
or
Persuading?
II.Analyzing the Dynamics
CONSIDER THE AUDIENCE
How Large?How Diverse?How Knowledgeable?How Predisposed?How Do They Regard Me?What Do They Expect?
III.Organizing the Content
MAJOR STEPSDefine Subject
Divide
Order
Subdivide
Develop
— Introduce, Conclude —
III.Organizing the Content
DEFINE YOUR SUBJECT
Adapt to --
Purpose
Audience
— Write It Out —
III.Organizing the Content
DIVIDE THE SUBJECT INTO2, 3 or 4 Major Sections
Use a Logical Scheme:Time OrderOrder of ImportanceSpatial DistributionCause-EffectSomething Else?
Parts Should Be:Of Equal Size and ImportanceHave a Distinct FocusProvide Complete Coverage
III.Organizing the Content
DECIDE THE ORDER
Criteria --
Consider Your Logical SchemeDecide Order of Importance
Where do You Want Audience FocusConsider MemorabilityConsider Acceptability
III.Organizing the Content
SUBDIVIDE MAIN SECTIONS2-5 Subsections Max.
Avoid Further Subdivision
Re-examine --Subject LimitationFocusPurposeLogic Scheme
—Consider Handouts —
III.Organizing the Content
DEVELOPMENT
Arrange in Subsections
Facts IllustrationsData ExamplesObservations QuotationsArgument ComparisonsAnalysis Narration
III.Organizing the Content
CHECK EACH SUBSECTION
Adequate Development?
Excess Material?
Redundancy?
— Revise Accordingly —
III.Organizing the Content
INTRODUCTIONDefines --
SubjectPurposeTreatmentScopeContext
Provides --Filing System for Brain
— Initiates Interaction —
III.Organizing the Content
CONCLUSION
May Summarize Important Points
May List Conclusions
Re-stresses Central Theme
IV.Designing the Visual Aids
TWO BASIC TYPES
VERBALS: Print + A Few Lines
PICTORIALS: Everything Else
IV.Designing the Visual Aids
PUT ON VERBALS
Structural Cues --
Orient the Audience
Provide Information Filing System
Supporting Information --
Memory Joggers
Items for Emphasis
IV.Designing the Visual Aids
LANGUAGE
Be Consistent
Use Similar --
Parts of Speech
Word Order
Verb Tense
IV.Designing the Visual Aids
USE VIGOROUS LANGUAGE
Prefer -- Avoid --
Positive Cliches
Specific Jargon
Nouns,Verbs Esoterica
Active Exotica
IV.Designing the Visual Aids
CUT PUNCTUATION TO THE BONE
MINIMIZE WORD, LINE COUNT
Words < 25, Lines < 12
Too Many Too Much
Words → Reading
In Summary:
FOLLOW THE FOUR BASIC STEPSto
Designing the Oral Presentation
I. Consider Speech Vs. Writing
II. Analyze the Dynamics
III. Organize the Content
IV. Design the Visual Aids
ORAL PRESENTATION
Tool for Interaction
No Substitute for Writing
-- Therefore --
Adapt to Conditions
Capitalize On Inherent Strengths
Make Visuals Serve
Other Advice
Carefully plan your talk, it removes anxiety!
Practice your talk to improve delivery!
Don't worry about being nervous!
Relax!
Try to have fun!
Let’s analyze a few examples
