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GE Medical Systems

Technical Publications

5122542-100Rev. 2

LOGIQ 3 Expert/LOGIQ 3 Pro/LOGIQ 3 Advanced Reference Manual

R4.x.x

MHLW Approved Number: 21400BZY00408000

Operating Documentation

Copyright ©2005,2010 By General Electric Co.

ARM_Rev_2.book Page 1 Monday, March 15, 2010 2:19 PM

GE Medical Systems

Regulatory Requirement

This manual is a reference for the LOGIQ 3 Expert/LOGIQ 3 Pro/LOGIQ 3 . It applies to all versions of the R4.x.x software for the LOGIQ 3 Expert/LOGIQ 3 Pro/LOGIQ 3 ultrasound system.

GE Medical Systems: Telex 3797371P.O. Box 414, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201 U.S.A.(Asia, Pacific, Latin America, North America)

GE Ultraschall: TEL: 49 212.28.02.208Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG: FAX: 49 212.28.02.431Beethovenstraße 239Postfach 11 05 60D-42655 Solingen GERMANY


LOGIQ 3 Expert/LOGIQ 3 Pro/LOGIQ 3 Advanced Reference Manual i-1Direction 5122542-100 Rev. 2

Revision History

List of Effective Pages

Table i-1: Reason for Change

REV DATE REASON FOR CHANGE

Rev . 1 Feb 24, 2005 Initial Release

Rev . 1 Mar 15 2010 Removed Ce information

Table i-2: List of Effective Pages

PAGE NUMBERREVISION NUMBER PAGE NUMBER

REVISION NUMBER

Title Page Rev. 2 2-1 thru 2-10 Rev. 2

Revision History i-1 and i-2 Rev. 2 3-1 thru 3-74 Rev. 2

Table of Contents i-3 thru i-4 Rev. 2 Index 1 thru 2 Rev. 2

1-1 thru 1-110 Rev. 2

Please verify that you are using the latest revision of this document. Information pertaining to this document is maintained on GPC (GE Medical Systems Global Product Configuration). If you need to know the latest revision, contact your distributor, local GE Sales Representative or in the USA call the GE Ultrasound Clinical Answer Center at 1 800 682 5327 or 1 262 524 5698.


i-2 LOGIQ 3 Expert/LOGIQ 3 Pro/LOGIQ 3 Advanced Reference ManualDirection 5122542-100 Rev. 2

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LOGIQ 3 Expert/LOGIQ 3 Pro/LOGIQ 3 Advanced Reference Manual 1-15122542-100 Rev. 2

Table Of Contents

Chapter 1 — Acoustic OutputBioeffects

Concerns Surrounding the Use of Diagnostic Ultrasound - - - - - - - - - - - 1-2FDA Acoustic Output Data

Maximum Output Summary - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1-16Acoustic Output

Table Key - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1-18

Chapter 2 — Measurement FormulasMeasurement Acronyms

Cardiac Measurements - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-2Measurement Formulas

Formulas–Generic - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-14

Chapter 3 — OB TablesOB Tables

ASUM - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-2Berkowitz - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-3Brenner - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-4Campbell - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-4Eriksen - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-5Goldstein - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-6Hadlock - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-7Hansmann - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-13Hellman - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-21Hill - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-21Hohler - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-22Jeanty - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-22JSUM - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-34Kurtz - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-38Mayden - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-39Mercer - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-40Merz - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-41Moore - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-51Nelson - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-51Osaka - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-52Paris - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-56Rempen - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-59


Table Of Contents

1-2 LOGIQ 3 Expert/LOGIQ 3 Pro/LOGIQ 3 Advanced Reference Manual5122542-100 Rev. 2

Robinson - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-64Tokyo - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-64Tokyo Shinozuka - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-68Williams - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-74Yarkoni - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-74

Index-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------Index-1


LOGIQ 3 Expert/LOGIQ 3 Pro/LOGIQ 3 Advanced Reference Manual 1-1Direction 5122542-100 Rev. 2

Chapter 1

Acoustic Output

Provides Acoustic Output information and tables, as well as possible bioeffects and prudent use.


Acoustic Output

1-2 LOGIQ 3 Expert/LOGIQ 3 Pro/LOGIQ 3 Advanced Reference ManualDirection 5122542-100 Rev. 2

Bioeffects

Concerns Surrounding the Use of Diagnostic Ultrasound

During a diagnostic ultrasound examination, high frequency sound penetrates and interacts with tissue in and around the area of anatomy to be imaged. Only a small portion of this sound energy is reflected back to the probe for use in constructing the image while the remainder is dissipated within the tissue. The interaction of sound energy with tissue at sufficiently high levels can produce biological effects (aka bioeffects) of either a mechanical or thermal nature. Although the generation of bioeffect is intentional with therapeutic ultrasound, it is generally undesired in diagnostic applications and may be harmful in some conditions.

NOTE: The American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine (AIUM) has published a document entitled "Medical Ultrasound Safety". This three part document covers Bioeffects and Biophysics, Prudent Use and Implementing ALARA.

Ultrasound users should read the AIUM documents to become more familiar with Ultrasound safety. A copy of this document is included as part of the documentation package (Document 2163920-100).

To contact the AIUM concerning their publications:

• In the USA, by telephone at 1-800-638-5352.• To write them, use the following address:

AIUM14750 Sweitzer LaneSuite 100Laurel, MD, USA 20707-5906


Bioeffects


Measurement Precision and Uncertainty

Precision and measurement uncertainty of the system used to measure the acoustic output is provided in the following table. These values are determined in accordance with Section 6.4 of the Standard for Real-Time Display of Thermal and Mechanical Acoustic Output Indices on Diagnostic Ultrasound Equipment, rev 2 AIUM/NEMA 2004, and the Acoustic Output Measurement Standard for Diagnostic Ultrasound Equipment, rev 3 NEMA 2004.

Table 1-1: Measurement Precision and Uncertainty

Center Frequency

Acoustic Power

Peak Rarefactional

PressureAcoustic Intensity

Measurement Uncertainty

+ 0.02% + 2.5% + 12.8% + 25.6%


Acoustic Output


Thermal Bioeffect

As with most forms of energy,ultrasound is attenuated as it passes through tissue and is converted to heat,which if produced at sufficient rates, will increase tissue temperature to a point where tissue damage may result.Major factors contributing to thermal bioeffect can can be categorised as tissue categorized as tissue characteristics or control parameters.

• Physical tissue characteristics like acoustic impedence ,attenuation ,absorption,and perfusion determine the rates of heat production and heat transfer.The susceptibility of some tissues ,further complicate the concern for Long-term effects.

• The Time Average density of available Ultrasound energy is mainly determined by acoustic parameters like output frequency,Pulse amplitude ,Pulse duration,duty cycle,beam shape,and beam motion.These parameters are controlled by the operator through equipment selections such as probe type, operating mode ,focul depth,sample volume location,and output control settings.the operator also has significant influence by controlling probe motion and dwell time. These “Control Parameters” from the means through which the operator can minimize thermal bioeffect.


Bioeffects


Mechanical Bioeffect

In a similar manner ,the interaction of ultrasound energy with tissue can produce a number of non-thermal or mechanical effects.The most significant is cavitation which results from the action of the oscillating ultrasound pressure on tiny gas bubbles with in the tissues. Cavitation has caused mechanical damage on a cellular level such as microscopic tears and hemorrhage in laboratory tests with small animals.the major contributing factors can again be categorised as either tissue characteristics or control parameters:

• The physical characteristics of tissue such as the presence and size of microscopic gas bubbles and the sensitivity of the tissue to the effects of cavitation will influence the potential for and magnitude of cavitation.

• Acoustic field parameters like output frequency,peak pulse amplitude s and perhaps pulse length are the primary parameters effecting the onset of cavitation.these are controlled by the operator through appropriate equipment selections.

Althogh it is generally accepted that no harmful biological effects have been demonstrated at the frequency ,intensity,and exposure times used in diognostic examinations,research in to the potential for harmful effects continues.The operator is encouraged to survey the literature for future developments on bioeffects and to become familiar with the references at the end of this section.


Acoustic Output


Operator Awareness and Actions to Minimize bioeffect

The operator must be aware of the particular conditions that exist during the examination to recognize the potential for bioeffect and then take appropriate action to reduce the risk.The recognization of potential harm comes from an understanding of tissue characteristics and a real-time knowledge of acoustic output.Taking appropriate action requires familiarity with equipment operation and examination skills like implementing alternative techniques for obtaining the same diognostic information.

Tissue Characteristics

Tissue Characteristics vary considerably throughout the body.they influence the acoustic field and determine the heating / cooling rates and cavitation potential.Ultrasound energy dissipates as it passes through the tissue causing the deeper tissue to encounter much lower levels.Some tissues like bone readiy convert ultrasound energy to heat,while others like blood and amniotic fluid pass the energy on to adjucent tissue relatively unattenuated.

A perticular situation that represents a tissue combination requiring extra precaution is a third trimester transabdominal fetal examination where there is a very thin abdominal wall and a long fluid path.The relative lack of attenuating tissue along the acoustic path will significantly increase the available energy in the fetal tissue.Additionally,fetal tissues are more susceptible to long term injury due to nature of developing tissue.focussing the ultra sound beam on or near fetal bone further increases the risk.

Otherthan fetal tissue,there is increased susceptability for heating in any tissue that cannot easily conduct or distribute heat due to low blood perfusion.As the examination progresses,the operator must be aware of changing tissue conditions.


Bioeffects


Acoustic Output

awareness of the acoustic output level can be a difficult task for the operator,espcially when the objective is to obtaine a quality image.Older ultrasound equipment had limited means,if any,for indicating the acoustic output level.In most cases ,the operator had to be familiar with the output intensities as described in the operator manual.To improve operator awareness of acoustic output,this system incorporates an output display that directly indicates the potential for mechanical and thermal bioeffects as equipment controls are adjusted.

The output display consists of four numeric index values that indicate the potential for producing bioeffects(three indices are for heating effect and one for cavitation).As the user changes equipment settings that alter the acoustic output,the output display indices are immediately updated to reflect the changes in potential for producing .The indices are based on mathematical models and each is normalized so that the potential for bioeffect becomes more significant as the indices reach a value 1.0 or larger.

A mechanical index (MI) provides an indication of the potential for the possible onset of transient cavitation within tissue while the three thermal indices provide an indication of the potential for heat generation within tissue.The different thermal indices may be used depending on the type of tissue being examined:

• Soft Tissue Thermal Index (TIS) is used as an indicator ofthe potential to generate heat within soft tissues.this is the most used thermal indicator.

• bone Thermal Index (TIB) is used as an indicator of the potential to generate heat at the beam focus when focussing on or near bone that is adjucent to very sensitive tissue.this index is intended as a thermal indicator for second and third trimester fetal examination or transfontanelle neonatal cephalic exams.

• Cranial Bone Thermal Index (TIC) is used as an indicator of the potential to generate heat in the near-field when the beam passes through bone at the surface as with adult or pediatric cranial applications.


Acoustic Output


Acoustic Output(cont’d)

Tissue heating is more of a concern when the acoustic beam is stationary, so the thermal index is likely to increase when Doppler or M-Modes are selected.The influence of specific operator controls on acoustic output is described along with the functional purpose of the control through out the user manual and a summary is provided in safety.

The operator now has easy access to the status of acoustic output and , when combined with the knowledge of tissue characteristics and beam location, the risk of potential bioeffect can be readily assessed.this display conforms to the AIUM/NEMA Output Display Standard[1] for Ultrasound imaging equipment.

Operator Intervention

When conditions indicate a potential for harmful bioeffect, the operator should take action promptly to reduce the risk by changing equipment settings or altering procedural techniques:

• Output display index values much greater than 1.0 represents an increased risk for tissues in perticular beam locations.the potential for heating will normally only occur near the surface or at the focus,while the potential for cavitation is reduced away from the focus.selecting non scan operating modes such as PW or CW Doppler and M-Mode will significantly increase the thermal index because the beam is stationary.

• Optimise gain and other image enhancement features before increasing the acoustic output control or other equipment controls that significantly affect the output level.Become thoroughly familiar with all controls that affect output and observe the output display for results.controls affecting output are described throughout the user manual.


Bioeffects


Operator Intervention(Cont’d)

• Development and practice skills to localize anatomy and optimize image quality rapidly, then freeze the image as soon as the necessary diognostic information is obtained.It takes time for tissue temparatures to increase ,so reducing exposuer time can significantly reduce the potential for injury.

• Avoid susceptible tissues , if possible ,by changing probe position ,entrace angles or probe type. Higher frequency probes will not penetrate as deep while linear probes have lower near field energy density.Avoid focussing on bone or poorly perfused tissue.do not allow the acoustic beam to penetrate or focus on or near the eye.

Although choices like probe selection , mode of operation and other control adjustments have a significant affect on output levels, the ability to chnage these selections is often restricted by the type of examination or clinical objectives.Therefore , some examinations may require relatively high output levels to achieve success.

The decission to raise acoustic output to potentially harmful levels must include an assessment of the risk/benefit potential. Such decessions are routine with imaging modalities incorporating ionizing radiation such as Nuclear Medicine, X-Ray and CT.The principle of ALARA is widely used in these modalities for minimizing the exposure risk and is now a recommended practice with highlevel diagnostic ultrasound.

CAUTION:

During each ultrasound examination , the clinical user is expected to weigh the medical benefit of the diognostic information obtained against the risk of harmful effects. Once an optimal image is achived the need for incresing acoustic output or prolonging the exposure can not be justified. It is important, therefore , for the user to be familiar with system controls that affect image quality as well as acoustic output.Complete descriptions of image optimization and acoustic output controls are provided in the user interactions.


Acoustic Output


Implementing the ALARA Methods

The Primary objective for any ultrasound examination is to obtaine diagnostic information of sufficient quality to benefit the patient. Image Quality can usually be improved by increasing the acoustic output or taking more time to refine the image.These same actions, however, will also increase the risk of harmful bioeffects when imaging sensitive tissues or when high output levels are used.the operator is therefore encouraged to use the lowest acoustic output setting necessary to produce clinically acceptable data.

The principle of ALARA , which stands for As low as reasonably achievable, is to keep the radiation exposure at the minimum level necessary to obtain the diagnostic information.This principle is widely practiced in medical x-ray protection where exposure at any level is potentially harmful.Historically,ALARA was initiated as a cautions approachfor dealing with uncertain hazards but has since become the principle method for reducing the risk of injury from hazards that do not have safe minimum threshold.

While no minimum thresolds for harmful bioeffects have been established with the use of diagnostic ultrasound, the principle of ALARA can be readily implemented on equipment incorporating an output display. As the operator adjusts the equipment to optimize the image quality, the display interactively updates to indicate the effect on output.

Controls that have no noticeable impact on image quality should be set to minimize the output while controls that improve the image quality and also increase acoustic output should be set no higher than needed to achive a diagnostic quality image. If the output display indicates values much greater than 1.0 , the operator should reduce the exposure time and freeze the image as soon as possible.

At very low levels(<0.4) , the display is in active and potential for harmful bioeffect is negligible. More detailed information concerning the use of ALARA in medical practice can be found in NCRP Report No.107^2.


Bioeffects


Clinical Instruction for Fetal Use

Following are illustrative examples of clinical instructions for fetal Doppler use which were prepared by Harold Schulman,M.D. and Jhon Hobbins,M.D.

Umbilical artery

To Obtain a signal:

For continuous wave doppler instrument , Place the pencil probe with appropriate conducting gel on the meternal abdomen. The volume should be at a comportable level and the power output and gain at a mid-setting. Slowly move the pencil probe by changing the angle or location on the meternal abdomen until the characteristic sound of the fetal umbilical flow can be heard.This is a swishing sound witha rate usually between 120 and 160 BPm. It should be lacking in discernible clicks or sounds similar to valve movement on cordiac auscultation. When the image is obtained , adjust the controls in order to optimize the imageby reducing the power output to the lowest setting at which a good qualitysignal is obtained.The gain setting should also be reduced to make the signal appear crisp with minimal background noise. If diagnostic flow signals are not obtained, the angle of the beam incident to the ubbilical cord should be examined to determine whether diognostic flow is present. When a good quality signal is obtained all the way across the display screen , the image amy be frozen.

Prior to taking measurements, the signals should be examined to exposure that the variations in wave form size that may be caused by fetal breathing movements are not present.Fetal breathing movements will invalidate any measurements due to the variations they cause in umbilical flow.

If a duplex doppler system is being used, then the umbilical cord should be visualized and attempted to be seen in as much of its length as is feasible, Considering its usual cooling.The sample volume size(“gate”) should be adjusted to encompass the entire vessel. If this vessel is being seen only in crossection , and diastollic flow is not seen, this may be an artifact caused by the angle between the beam and the vessel and anothersampling site should be examined.when this crosssectional view is obtained, rotating the transducer 90 degrees may bring a greater length of the cord into view and permit examination of an area where the artery can be seen at a more advantageous angle.Indices of pulsality , if calculated, should be determined for each of several heartbeats and averaged.


Acoustic Output


Uterine artery

For Continuous wave doppler systems,place the pencil probe in the lower lateral portion of the mother’s abdomen.generally just above the groin and directed toward the cervix.Adjust the angle or position until the characteristic wave form of the uterine/ arcuate artery is obtained.Without visualization, it is important to search carefully for the wave form with the greatest amount of diastolic flow compared to the systolic flow in a way that might appear abnormal if obtained from the uterine artery itself. The power and gain settings should be adjusted to the lowest levels at which adequate signals are obtained with a minimul amount of noise relative to the signal. The image may be frozen when the desired number of waveforms are present on the screen.

For pulsed doppler systems, Place the transducer in lower other portion of the meternal abdomen. The orientation should be towards the parametria area can then be examinedby maneuvering the sample volume until the characteristics wave forms are obtained.examinations should be confined to the area that is composedof the myometrium amd may be most fruitful close to the placenta. Indices for pulasatility , if calculated, should be determined for each of several heartbeats and averaged.

Fetal Heart

Fetal cardiac doppler studies can be performed only with duplex ultrasound systems. the fetal heart should be carefully examined in all standard planes to determine whether or not the anatomy is normal. These planes should inclued :four-chamber view, long axis left ventricles, short axis of the great vessels, aortic arch, and pulmonary artery ductus views. The area for sampling should be visualized as clearly as possible to the ultrasound beam. The sample volume should be placed in this area with an appropriate size selected to sample as desired. Power output control should be at the lowest settingscompatible with obtaining an adequate image and the gain setting should be maintained to keep an adequate signal without excessive noise. Excluding the actual valves from the sample volume will help to minimize unnecessary noise from the signals obtained.


Bioeffects


Efficacy Of Fetal Doppler

The following are clinical obstritrical where ther are experimental data that demonstrate the efficacy of Doppler.Provided by Jhon C.Hobbins,M.D. and Peter Burns,Ph.D.4

IUGR

Many studies have shown a good correlation between abnorma waveform( or decreased blood flow) and increased perinatal mortality5, Fetal hypoxia 6,7,8 ,and neonatal eveents such as necrotizing enterocolitics(NEC), and interventricular hemorrhage(IVH)8. It must be pointed out that the doppler studies initially designed to identity altered fetal growth had a predictably low sensitivity because the category of small for dates frequently includes genetically small but completely normal fetuses and neonates.Thus far, all studies have shown that the rare doppler pattern of reverse diastollic flow in the umbilical artery has been very highly correlated with adverse outcome and may warrent immediate intervention. conversely, anormal waveform in the umbilical artery has been rarely associated with stillbirth in a high risk pregnancy.

Cardiac Anomalies

Doppler has become an integral part of fetal schocardiaographic studies. Its use has been directly derived from well-documented pediatric and adult Doppler research.The etiology and seriousness of fetal arrhythmias is relatively easy to determine with pulsed doppler interrogation of ventricular diastollic filling patterns.Benign patterns such as premature atrial extrasystoles can be more easily diognised with Doppler than with older approach of M-Mode echocardiography.Doppler has proven useful as well in the understanding and interpretation of structural heart disease and the appearence of non-immune hydrops. Improved diognostic and prognostic ability has permitted more accurate counseling of parents whose fetuses have structural cardiac abnormalities.


Acoustic Output


Efficacy Of Fetal Doppler(cont’d)

Summary

It is important to realize that current investigation DOES NOT support the concept that Doppler waveform analysis in the above obestritrical conditions provides information that is meant to replace other conventional tests, or the biophysical profile, also, it should not replace classical non-doppler ultrasound scanning methods. Rather , it appears that Doppler is of value when used in conjuction with these other tests. Lastly, there is little data to suggest that an isolated Doppler examination of the fetus can be used as a screening tool in a low-risk population to identify the compromised fetus.

As with the evolution of any new diognostic technique, the indications for use may change when new experimental data become avilable.

Suggested Guiedlines

Following are suggested guidelines prepared by Harold Schulman,M.D

Overview

There are two types of Doppler instruments, continuous Wave(CW) and pulsed .Modern instruments use directional Dopplers, that is they portray forward and reverse flow on a split screen.The CW Doppler traverses the entire vessel Diameter and summerises a veriety of reflections, including those from the vessel wall and neighboring vessels. The pulsed Doppler is focused and may sample the red cell flow in different loci within the radius, but has the advantage of rejecting extraneous current instrumentation utilize output energies which exceede guidelines for safety obestrtric ultrasound.


Bioeffects


Suggested Guiedlines(cont’d)

Methodology:

Doppler studies on the umbilical arteries are carried out after manual palpation of the uterus and fetus. In pregnancies before 28 weeks, the fetus cannot be easily felt hencethe probe is placed on the upper third of the uterus at the midline. The probe is gently rotated until the umbilical signal is heard and clearly identified on the screen. There should be 3-4 clear dense waveforms will not be equal in intensity or frequency;hence,measurements must be postponeduntil the fetus is quiet. If there is tachycardia or bradycardia, the measurements have no clear meaning because now the waveform represents a complex mixure of resistance, cardiac output, and time needed to empty a vascular region. The image is frozen and the measurement are taken.We have found it useful to continuouslyrecord the examination on audiotape because the signal is immediately captured and not lost when the fetus or cord moves.

This process is repeated at least twice more and the results from the three studies are averaged. Although the S/D ratio is ,in theory, an angle-independent measurement, there may be differences in the ratio when the artery is studied near the abdomen or near the insertion in thye placenta.When three different angle measurements are taken, we found an average experimental error of 6% and a maximum of 16%.the uterine artery signals may be more difficult to obtain and require more training to develop expertise. The probe is directed in the lower quadrants at the paracervical area where the uterine artery enters the uterus. Three potential signals may be encountered wave form is identified. The mature waveform is generally present by 20 weeks,but should be achived no later than 26 weeks.The pulse wave frequency should coincide with the meternal pulse and 4 equla and dense images should be seen on each side of the uterus. The results from both sides are averaged to give a single number.the S/D ratio appears to provide a simple and reproducible measurement, but a number of other calculations have also been proposed.Interoserver error with this technique is 4% with a maximum error of 10%.


Acoustic Output


FDA Acoustic Output Data

Maximum Output Summary

The following tables list the typical maximum acoustic output levels achievable with LOGIQ 3 Expert/LOGIQ 3 Pro/LOGIQ 3 for all probes and operational modes. It is intended that this is information be useful in making ALARA decisions and selecting the most appropriate probe for the application. In accordance with US FDA Guidelines, the overall maximum acoustic SPTA intensity for LOGIQ 3 Expert/LOGIQ 3 Pro/LOGIQ 3 is limited to 720 mW/cm2 and MI is limited to 1.9. Modes for which TI does not exceed 0.1 are indicated by <0.1.

Table 1-2 shows all of the probes’ operating modes. The following pages contain probe acoustic output tables for those noted in Table 1-2.

Table 1-2: Summary Table

Operating Mode 3C 3.5C 5C 8C BE9C E8C 8L 10L 10LB

B-Mode X X X X X X X X X

M-Mode (includes B-Mode)

X X X X X X X X X

Color Flow X X X X X X X X X

M Color Flow X X X X X X X X X

Pulsed Doppler (includesB-Mode)

X X X X X X X X X

Continuous Wave (CW) Doppler


FDA Acoustic Output Data


Maximum Probe Temperature

Table 1-3: Summary Table (Continued)

Operating Mode 12L 3S 7S

B-Mode X X X

M-Mode (includingB-Mode)

X X X

Color Flow X X X

M Color Flow X X X

Pulsed Doppler (includingB-Mode)

X X X

Continuous Wave (CW) Doppler

X X

Table 1-4: Maximum Probe Temperature

ProbeMax

Temp ProbeMax

Temp ProbeMax

Temp ProbeMax

Temp

3C 29.64 E8C 28.11 3S 25.59

3.5C 30.70 8L 37.95 7S 26.20

5C 26.50 10L 40.89

8C 41.17 10LB 28.64

BE9C 40.97 12L 39.90

Notes: Lens temperature measured under following conditions per IEC 60601-2-37:1. Thermocouple was placed at the geometric center of the lens.2. Probe placed upright in contact with above thermal phantom.3. Autofreeze capability disabled.4. Lens temperature monitored for 30 min.5. Measurement uncertainty: 2 degC.

*Thermal phantom made with tissue-mimicking material as referenced in IEC60601-2-37: Appendix J.


Acoustic Output


Acoustic Output

Table Key

Table 1-5: Table Key

FDA IEC Meaning—IEC 60601-2-37 / FDA & NEMA UD2, UD3

a α Acoustic Attenuation Coefficient / Derating factor (usually 0.3 dB/cm-MHz)

Aaprt Aarpt -12db Output Beam Area / Active aperture area

CMI Normalizing Coefficient

Deq Deq Equivalent Aperture Diameter / (same)

d-6 d-6 Pulse Beam Width / Beam diameter at –6 dB

deq deq Equivalent Beam Diameter

fc ƒawf Acoustic Working Frequency / Center frequency

Ipa Ipa Pulse-Average Intensity

Ipa.3 Ipa,α Attenuated Pulse-Average Intensity

PII Ipi Pulse-Intensity Integral

PII.3 Ipi,α Attenuated Pulse-Intensity Integral

ITA Ita(z) Temporal-Average Intensity

ITA.3(Z) Ita,α(z) Attenuated Temporal-Average Intensity / (at depth z)

ISPTA(Z) Izpta(z) Spatial-Peak Temporal-Average Intensity

ISPTA.3(Z) Izpta,α(z) Attenuated Spatial-Peak Temporal-Average Intensity

MI MI Mechanical Index

Wo P Output Power / Time average acoustic power at the source

W.3(Z) Pα Attenuated Output Power / Time average acoustic power derated to depth z

Wo1 P1 Bounded Output Power / Power emitted from the central 1cm of aperture

PII pi Pulse Pressure Squared Integral / Pulse intensity integral

pr pr Peak-Rarefactional Acoustic Pressure / (same)


Acoustic Output


pr.3 prα Attenuated Peak-Rarefactional Acoustic Pressure / (same)

PRF prr Pulse Repetition Rate / Pulse repetition frequency

TI TI Thermal Index / (same)

TIB TIB Bone Thermal Index / (same)

TIC TIC Cranial-Bone Thermal Index / (same)

TIS TIS Soft-Tissue Thermal Index / (same)

PD td Pulse Duration / (same)

x-12,y-12 X, Y -12 dB Output Beam Dimensions / (same)

Z Z Distance from the Source to a Specified Point / (same)

Zsp Zb Depth for TIB / Depth at which the relevant index is maximum

Zbp Zbp Break-Point Depth / (same)

Zsp Zs Depth for TIS / Depth at which the relevant index is maximum

Table 1-5: Table Key

FDA IEC Meaning—IEC 60601-2-37 / FDA & NEMA UD2, UD3


Acoustic Output


Probe Name:3C

Table 1-6: Transducer Mode 3C Operating Mode: B Mode

Index Label MI

TIS TIB

TICscan

non-scannon-scanAaprt< Aaprt>1

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.9

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 1.5

P Wo (mW)

min of [Pα(zs, Ita,α(zs)] [(W.3(Z1),ITA.3(z1)])

zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm) 1.1

z at max. Ipi,α zsp (cm)

deq(zb) deq(zsp) (cm)

ƒawf fc (MHz) 3.4 3.4 3.4

Dim of Aaprt X (cm) 3.6 3.6

Y (cm) 1.03 1.03

td PD (µsec) 0.4

prr PRF (Hz) 2245.7

pr at max. Ipi pr@PIImax (MPa) 1.7

deq at max. Ipi deq@PIImax (cm)

Focal Length FLX (cm) 0.22 0.22

FLY (cm) 0.9 0.9

Ipa,αat max. MI IPA.3@MImax (W/cm2) 62.62

Frequency (MHz) 3.0 3.0 3.0

Image Depth (cm) 30.0 20.0 20.0

Other Conditions


Acoustic Output


Table 1-7: Transducer Mode 3C Operating Mode: M Mode (Inc. B-Mode)

Index Label MI

TIS TIB

TICscan


Global Maximum: Index Value 0.85 0.7 0.3

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 1.51

P Wo (mW) 31.0 21.0


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm) 1.4 3.1


deq(zb) deq(zsp) (cm) 0.3

ƒawf fc (MHz) 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4

Dim of Aaprt X (cm) 3.6 1.4 3.6

Y (cm) 1.03 1.03 1.03

td PD (µsec) 0.38

prr PRF (Hz) 2245.7


deq at max. Ipi deq@PIImax (cm) 0.3


FLY (cm) 0.89 0.89

Ipa,αat max. MI IPA.3@MImax (W/cm2) 80

Frequency (MHz) 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0

Image Depth (cm) 30.0 20.0 24.0 20.0


Acoustic Output


Table 1-8: Transducer Mode 3C Operating Mode: Color Flow Mode (Inc. M-Mode)

Index Label MI

TIS TIB

TICscan


Global Maximum: Index Value 0.84 3.2 2.9 4.6

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 1.55

P Wo (mW) 270.1 179.7 270.1


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm) 3.96 3.3



ƒawf fc (MHz) 2.5 3.25 3.2 2.5


Y (cm) 1.03 1.03 1.03

td PD (µsec) 0.84

prr PRF (Hz) 1698.7




FLY (cm) 0.89 0.89


Frequency (MHz) 3.3 2.5 3.3 2.5

Image Depth (cm) 3.5 4.8 3.5 3.5

Vel Scale (kHz) 1.9 2.45 1.07 1.07

Line Density

Penet OFF ON OFF OFF

ROI 60 10

PS 14 14 14 14


Acoustic Output


Table 1-9: Transducer Mode: 3C Operating Mode: Pulsed Doppler (inc. B-Mode)

Index Label MI

TIS TIB

TICscan



IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 1.0

P Wo (mW) 42.6 79.7 42.6


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm) 5.08 7.7



ƒawf fc (MHz) 3.3 3.3 3.5 3.3


Y (cm) 1.03 1.03 1.03

td PD (µsec) 1.13

prr PRF (Hz) 1736.11




FLY (cm) 0.89 0.89


Frequency (MHz) 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3

Image Depth (cm) 3.2 21.0 7.7 7.7

Vel Scale (kHz) 1.7 5.84 5.84

SV 2 5.84 5.84

B Pause (on/off)

Penet OFF - OFF OFF


Acoustic Output


Probe Name:3.5C

Table 1-10: Transducer Mode __3.5C____ Operating Mode: B Mode

Index Label MI

TIS TIB

TICscan


Global Maximum: Index Value 0.5 2.1

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 1.54

P Wo (mW) 147.0


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm) 1.0



ƒawf fc (MHz) 3.04 2.8

Dim of Aaprt X (cm) 1.8

Y (cm) 1.3

td PD (µsec) 0.41




Focal Length FLX (cm) 6.4

FLY (cm) 6.6


Frequency (MHz) 3.3 3.3

Image Depth (cm) 30.0 21.0

other conditions


Acoustic Output


Table 1-11: Transducer Mode 3.5C Operating Mode: M Mode (Inc. B-Mode)

Index Label MI

TIS TIB

TICscan



IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 1.5

P Wo (mW) 34.8 147.0


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm) 1.0 3.6



ƒawf fc (MHz) 3.04 2.4 2.8


Y (cm) 1.3 1.3

td PD (µsec) 0.41





FLY (cm) 6.6

Ipa,αat max. MI

IPA.3@MIma

x (W/cm2)

71.49

Frequency (MHz) 3.3 T5.0 3.3

Image Depth (cm) 30.0 30.0 21.0


Acoustic Output


Table 1-12: Transducer Mode 3.5C Operating Mode: Color Flow Mode (Inc. M-Mode)

Index Label MI

TIS TIB

TICscan



IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 1.4

P Wo (mW) 31.5 138.3


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm) 5.31 5.0



ƒawf fc (MHz) 3.2 3.1 3.3


Y (cm) 1.3 1.3

td PD (µsec) 1.14

prr PRF (Hz) 3360.2




FLY (cm) 6.6



Image Depth (cm) 4.1 4.8 4.1

Vel Scale (kHz) 3.4 1.23 7.69

Penet OFF OFF ON

Line Density

ROI 70 5

PS 14 14 14


Acoustic Output


Table 1-13: Transducer Mode: 3.5C Operating Mode: Pulsed Doppler (inc. B-Mode)

Index Label MI

TIS TIB

TICscan



IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 1.35

P Wo (mW) 31.5


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm) 1.4 3.7





Y (cm) 1.3

td PD (µsec) 1.57

prr PRF (Hz) 1736.1



Focal Length FLX (cm)

FLY (cm)




Vel Scale (kHz) 1.7 1.23

B Pause (on/off)

SV 3 4

Penet OFF ON


Acoustic Output


Probe Name :5C


Index Label MI

TIS TIB

TICscan



IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 1.65

P Wo (mW) 100.7 100.7


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm) 1.86



ƒawf fc (MHz) 3.97 3.97 3.97


Y (cm) 0.92 0.92

td PD (µsec) 0.34

prr PRF (Hz) 2722.6




FLY (cm) 0.74 0.74



Image Depth (cm) 24 18.0 18.0

Other Conditions


Acoustic Output



Index Label MI

TIS TIB

TICscan



IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 1.63

P Wo (mW) 100.7 100.7


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm) 2.09



ƒawf fc (MHz) 4.04 4.1 4.04


Y (cm) 0.92 0.92

td PD (µsec) 0.36

prr PRF (Hz) 2722.6




FLY (cm) 0.74 0.74

Ipa,αat max. MI

IPA.3@MIma

x (W/cm2)

116.2


Image Depth (cm) 24.0 18.0 18.0


Acoustic Output



Index Label MI

TIS TIB

TICscan



IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 2.34

P Wo (mW) 199.0 37.8 199.0


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm) 2.08 3.1



ƒawf fc (MHz) 3.97 4.0 3.9 4.0

Dim of Aaprt X (cm) 0.64 1.4 0.64

Y (cm) 0.92 0.9 0.92

td PD (µsec) 1.06

prr PRF (Hz) 6039.6




FLY (cm) 0.74 0.74


Frequency (MHz) 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0

Image Depth (cm) 3.3 2.1 3.3 2.1

Vel Scale (kHz) 2 2 2 2

Penet ON ON ON ON

Line Density

ROI 60 10 10

PS 14 14 14 14


Acoustic Output



Index Label MI

TIS TIB

TICscan

non-scan

non-scan

Aaprt<

Aaprt>1


IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 1.35

P Wo (mW) 82.1 37.8


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm) 2.36 3.4



ƒawf fc (MHz) 4.0 4.0 4.0


Y (cm) 0.92 0.92

td PD (µsec) 1.85

prr PRF (Hz) 2063.0




FLY (cm) 0.74



Image Depth (cm) 3.3 15 3.3

Vel Scale (kHz) 1 1

B Pause (on/off)

SV 3 3

Penet ON ON


Acoustic Output


Probe Name :8C


Index Label MI

TIS TIB

TICscan



IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 1.8 8.8

P Wo (mW) 8.8


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm)

z at max. Ipi,α zsp (cm) 1.8


ƒawf fc (MHz) 5.3 5.3 5.3


Y (cm) 0.5 0.5

td PD (µsec) 0.2

prr PRF (Hz) 7490.6




FLY (cm) 3.0 3.0



Image Depth (cm) 1.83 1.83 1.83

Other Conditions


Acoustic Output



Index Label MI

TIS TIB

TICscan



IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa)

P Wo (mW) 1.8 8.8 8.8 8.8


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm)



ƒawf fc (MHz) 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3


Y (cm) 0.5 0.5 0.5

td PD (µsec) 0.2

prr PRF (Hz) 7485




FLY (cm) 3.0 3.0

Ipa,αat max. MI

IPA.3@MIma

x (W/cm2)

125.7

Frequency (MHz) 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0

Image Depth (cm) 1.83 1.83 1.83 1.83


Acoustic Output



Index Label MI

TIS TIB

TICscan



IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 2.8

P Wo (mW) 13.9 13.9


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm)



ƒawf fc (MHz) 4.8 4.8 4.8


Y (cm) 0.5 0.5

td PD (µsec) 0.6

prr PRF (Hz) 8176.6




FLY (cm) 3.0 3.0



Image Depth (cm) 1.63 1.63 1.63

Vel Scale (kHz) 0.9 0.9 0.9

Line Density 1.0 1.0 1.0

Penet OFF OFF OFF

ROI 20.0 20.0 20.0

PS 14 14 14


Acoustic Output



Index Label MI

TIS TIB

TICscan



IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 2.4

P Wo (mW) 13.9 13.9 13.9


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm)



ƒawf fc (MHz) 4.9 4.8 4.8 4.8


Y (cm) 0.5 0.5 0.5

td PD (µsec) 0.6

prr PRF (Hz) 4531




FLY (cm) 3.0 3.0


Frequency (MHz) 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0

Image Depth (cm) 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.65

Vel Scale (kHz) 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3

B Pause (on/off) OFF OFF OFF OFF

SV 1 1 1 1

Penet Off Off Off Off


Acoustic Output


Probe Name :BE9C

Table 1-22: Transducer Mode BE9C Operating Mode: B Mode

Index Label MI

TIS TIB

TICscan



IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 4.0

P Wo (mW) 4.7 4.7


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm)



ƒawf fc (MHz) 5.3 5.3 5.3


Y (cm) 0.5 0.5

td PD (µsec) 0.3

prr PRF (Hz) 4212.3




FLY (cm) 3.0 3.0



Image Depth (cm) 1.76 1.76 1.76

Other Conditions


Acoustic Output


Table 1-23: Transducer Mode BE9C Operating Mode: M Mode (Inc. B-Mode)

Index Label MI

TIS TIB

TICscan



IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 1.44

P Wo (mW) 1.05 1.05 1.05


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm)

z at max. Ipi,α zsp (cm) 1.8 1.80


ƒawf fc (MHz) 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3


Y (cm) 0.5 0.5 0.5

td PD (µsec) 0.3

prr PRF (Hz) 946




FLY (cm) 3.0 3.0

Ipa,αat max. MI

IPA.3@MIma

x (W/cm2)

71.6

Frequency (MHz) 5.33 5.3 5.3 5.3

Image Depth (cm) 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8


Acoustic Output


Table 1-24: Transducer Mode BE9C Operating Mode: Color Flow Mode (Inc. M-Mode)

Index Label MI

TIS TIB

TICscan



IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 0.1

P Wo (mW) 13.7 13.7


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm)



ƒawf fc (MHz) 5.0 5.0 5.0


Y (cm) 0.5 0.5

td PD (µsec) 0.6

prr PRF (Hz) 4342.2




FLY (cm) 3.0 3.0





Penet OFF OFF OFF

Line Density 1 1 1

ROI 40 40 40

PS 12 12 12


Acoustic Output


Table 1-25: Transducer Mode: BE9C Operating Mode: Pulsed Doppler (inc. B-Mode)

Index Label MI

TIS TIB

TICscan



IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 1.1

P Wo (mW) 15.6 15.6 15.6


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm)



ƒawf fc (MHz) 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0


Y (cm) 0.5 0.5 0.5

td PD (µsec) 1.2

prr PRF (Hz) 4168.4




FLY (cm) 3.0 3.0


Frequency (MHz) 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0

Image Depth (cm) 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8

Vel Scale (kHz) 10.4 10.4 10.4 10.4 10.4

SV 2 2 2 2 2

B Pause(on/off) Off Off Off Off Off

Penet Off Off Off Off Off


Acoustic Output


Probe Name:E8C

Table 1-26: Transducer Mode E8C Operating Mode: B Mode

Index Label MI

TIS TIB

TICscan



IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 2.3

P Wo (mW)


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm) 1.65



ƒawf fc (MHz) 5.2

Dim of Aaprt X (cm)

Y (cm)

td PD (µsec) 0.26

prr PRF (Hz) 4210.6




FLY (cm)


Frequency (MHz) 6.0

Image Depth (cm) 14.0

Other Conditions


Acoustic Output


Table 1-27: Transducer Mode E8C Operating Mode: M Mode (Inc. B-Mode)

Index Label MI

TIS TIB

TICscan



IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 2.24

P Wo (mW)


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm) 1.65



ƒawf fc (MHz) 5.2

Dim of Aaprt X (cm)

Y (cm)

td PD (µsec) 0.26





FLY (cm)

Ipa,αat max. MI

IPA.3@MIma

x (W/cm2)

250.8

Frequency (MHz) 6



Acoustic Output


Table 1-28:

Index Label MITIS TIB

TICscan non-scan non-

scanAaprt< Aaprt>1


IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 1.61

P Wo (mW) 16.7


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm) 2.34 1.5





Y (cm) 0.5

td PD (µsec) 0.73





FLY (cm)


Frequency (MHz) 5 4.0



Penet OFF ON

Line Density 1.0 1.0

ROI 13.0 13.0

PS 14 16


Acoustic Output


Table 1-29: Transducer Mode: E8C Operating Mode: Pulsed Doppler (inc. B-Mode)

Index Label MI

TIS TIB

TICscan



IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 1.51

P Wo (mW) 16.7


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm) 2.32 2.2





Y (cm) 0.5

td PD (µsec) 1.05

prr PRF (Hz) 2637.1




FLY (cm)


Frequency (MHz) 5 4.0



B Pause(on/off)

SV 2 2

Penet OFF ON


Acoustic Output


Probe Name:8L

Table 1-30: Transducer Mode 8L Operating Mode: B Mode

Index Label MI

TIS TIB

TICscan



IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 1.8

P Wo (mW) 9.7 9.7


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm)



ƒawf fc (MHz) 5.1 5.2 5.2


Y (cm) 0.5 0.5

td PD (µsec) 0.2

prr PRF (Hz) 4212.3




FLY (cm) 1.7 1.7




Other Conditions


Acoustic Output


Table 1-31: Transducer Mode 8L Operating Mode: M Mode (Inc. B-Mode)

Index Label MI

TIS TIB

TICscan



IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 1.7

P Wo (mW) 8.2 8.2 8.2


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm)



ƒawf fc (MHz) 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1


Y (cm) 0.5 0.5 0.5

td PD (µsec) 0.2

prr PRF (Hz) 4212.3




FLY (cm) 1.7 1.7

Ipa,αat max. MI

IPA.3@MIma

x (W/cm2)

240.3

Frequency (MHz) 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0

Image Depth (cm) 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1


Acoustic Output


Table 1-32: Transducer Mode 8L Operating Mode: Color Flow Mode (Inc. M-Mode)



scanAaprt< Aaprt>1


IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 1.9

P Wo (mW) 134.2 134.2


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm)



ƒawf fc (MHz) 4.5 4.5 4.5


Y (cm) 0.5 0.5

td PD (µsec) 0.8

prr PRF (Hz) 4212.3




FLY (cm) 1.7 1.7




Vel Scale (kHz) 13.0 13.0 13.0

PS 8.0 8.0 8.0


Penet OFF OFF OFF

ROI 12.0 12.0 12.0


Acoustic Output


Table 1-33: Transducer Mode: 8L Operating Mode: Pulsed Doppler (inc. B-Mode)

Index Label MI

TIS TIB

TICscan



IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 1.1

P Wo (mW) 58.4 58.4 58.4


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm)



ƒawf fc (MHz) 4.2 4.5 4.5 4.5


Y (cm) 0.5 0.5 0.5

td PD (µsec) 1.2

prr PRF (Hz) 1222.5



Focal Length FLX (cm) 1.2 3.6 3.6

FLY (cm) 1.7 1.7 1.7


Frequency (MHz) 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0

Image Depth (cm) 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

Vel Scale (kHz) 13.0 13.0 13.0 13.0 13.0

B Pause(on/off) OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF

SV 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0

Penet OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF


Acoustic Output


Probe Name:10L


Index Label MI

TIS TIB

TICscan



IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 3.2

P Wo (mW) 8.2 8.2


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm)



ƒawf fc (MHz) 5.3 5.3 5.3


Y (cm) 0.5 0.5

td PD (µsec) 0.2

prr PRF (Hz) 7663




FLY (cm) 6.0 6.0




Other Conditions


Acoustic Output


Table 1-35: Transducer Mode 10LOperating Mode: M Mode (Inc. B-Mode)

Index Label MI

TIS TIB

TICscan



IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 3.2

P Wo (mW) 8.2 8.2 8.2


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm)



ƒawf fc (MHz) 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3


Y (cm) 0.5 0.5 0.5

td PD (µsec) 0.2

prr PRF (Hz) 7663




FLY (cm) 6.0 6.0

Ipa,αat max. MI

IPA.3@MIma

x (W/cm2)

240.3

Frequency (MHz) 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0

Image Depth (cm) 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9


Acoustic Output





scanAaprt< Aaprt>1


IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 3.9

P Wo (mW) 9.9 9.9


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm)



ƒawf fc (MHz) 4.9 4.9 4.9


Y (cm) 0.5 0.5

td PD (µsec) 0.6

prr PRF (Hz) 500




FLY (cm) 6.0






Penet OFF OFF OFF

ROI 10.0 10.0 10.0

PS 14 14 14


Acoustic Output



Index Label MI

TIS TIB

TICscan



IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 3.4

P Wo (mW) 13.2 13.2 13.2


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm)



ƒawf fc (MHz) 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0


Y (cm) 0.5 0.5 0.5

td PD (µsec) 0.6

prr PRF (Hz) 4168



Focal Length FLX (cm) 1.8 1.8 1.8

FLY (cm) 6.0 6.0 6.0


Frequency (MHz) 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0

Image Depth (cm) 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4

Vel Scale (kHz) 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3

B Pause(on/off) OFF OFF OFF OFF

SV 1 1 1 1

Penet OFF OFF OFF OFF


Acoustic Output


Probe Name:10LB

Table 1-38: Transducer Mode 10LB Operating Mode: B Mode

Index Label MI

TIS TIB

TICscan



IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 3.8

P Wo (mW) 73.9 73.9


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm) 1.2



ƒawf fc (MHz) 5.8 5.8 5.8


Y (cm) 0.55 0.55

td PD (µsec) 0.22

prr PRF (Hz) 4211.0




FLY (cm) 0.07 0.07



Image Depth (cm) 14.0 12 12

Other Conditions


Acoustic Output


Table 1-39: Transducer Mode 10LB Operating Mode: M Mode (Inc. B-Mode)

Index Label MI

TIS TIB

TICscan



IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 3.52

P Wo (mW) 73.9 69.96


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm) 1.32



ƒawf fc (MHz) 5.91 5.9 5.4


Y (cm) 0.5 0.5

td PD (µsec) 0.22





FLY (cm) 2.5 2.5

Ipa,αat max. MI

IPA.3@MIma

x (W/cm2)

589.5


Image Depth (cm) 14.0 12 13.0


Acoustic Output


Table 1-40: Transducer Mode 10LB Operating Mode: Color Flow Mode (Inc. M-Mode)



scanAaprt< Aaprt>1


IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 3.92

P Wo (mW) 127.0 139.0 127.0


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm) 1.2 2.9



ƒawf fc (MHz) 5.02 5.02 5.02 5.02


Y (cm) 0.5 0.6 0.5

td PD (µsec) 0.59

prr PRF (Hz) 5411.3




FLY (cm) 2.5 2.5


Frequency (MHz) 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0

Image Depth (cm) 3.0 2.2 3.0 2.2

Vel Scale (kHz) 5.4 19.61 1.62 19.61

PS 1.45 4 14 4

Line Density

Penet ON ON ON ON

ROI 20mm 10mm 10mm


Acoustic Output


Table 1-41: Transducer Mode: 10LB Operating Mode: Pulsed Doppler (inc. B-Mode)

Index Label MI

TIS TIB

TICscan



IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 2.3

P Wo (mW) 151.0 139.0 151.0


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm) 1.38 4.6



ƒawf fc (MHz) 5.02 5.0 5.0 5.0


Y (cm) 0.5 0.5 0.5

td PD (µsec) 1.12

prr PRF (Hz) 1318.5




FLY (cm) 2.5 2.5


Frequency (MHz) 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0

Image Depth (cm) 1.4 12.0 4.6 4.6

B Pause(on/off)

Vel Scale (kHz) 1.3 10.87 10.87

SV 2 4 4

Penet ON OFF OFF


Acoustic Output


Probe Name:12L


Index Label MI

TIS TIB

TICscan



IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 3.3

P Wo (mW) 13.6 13.6


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm)



ƒawf fc (MHz) 6.7 6.7 6.7


Y (cm) 0.3 0.3

td PD (µsec) 0.2

prr PRF (Hz) 5423




FLY (cm) 1.2 1.2




Other Conditions


Acoustic Output


Table 1-43: Transducer Mode 12L Operating Mode: M Mode (Inc. B-Mode)

Index Label MI

TIS TIB

TICscan



IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 3.0

P Wo (mW) 11.4 11.4 11.4


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm)



ƒawf fc (MHz) 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7


Y (cm) 0.3 0.3 0.3

td PD (µsec) 0.2

prr PRF (Hz) 5400




FLY (cm) 1.2 1.2

Ipa,αat max. MI

IPA.3@MIma

x (W/cm2)

96.4

Frequency (MHz) 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0

Image Depth (cm) 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4


Acoustic Output





scanAaprt< Aaprt>1


IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 4.0

P Wo (mW) 73.7 73.7


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm)



ƒawf fc (MHz) 5.2 5.2 5.2


Y (cm) 0.3 0..3

td PD (µsec) 0.6

prr PRF (Hz) 8176.6




FLY (cm) 1.2 1.2




PS 14 14 14



Penet OFF OFF OFF

ROI 10 10 10


Acoustic Output



Index Label MI

TIS TIB

TICscan



IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 3.0

P Wo (mW) 73.7 73.7 73.7


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm)



ƒawf fc (MHz) 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3


Y (cm) 0.3 0.3 0.3

td PD (µsec) 0.6

prr PRF (Hz) 8340.3




FLY (cm) 1.2 1.2


Frequency (MHz) 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0

Image Depth (cm) 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4

Vel Scale (kHz) 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3

SV 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

B Pause(on/off) OFF OFF OFF OFF

Penet OFF OFF OFF OFF


Acoustic Output


Probe Name:3S

Table 1-46: Transducer Mode 3S Operating Mode: B Mode

Index Label MI

TIS TIB

TICscan



IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 1.3

P Wo (mW) 166.2


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm) 4.55





Y (cm) 1.3

td PD (µsec) 0.58

prr PRF (Hz) 2241.0




FLY (cm) 8.0



Image Depth (cm) 30.0 210

Other Conditions


Acoustic Output


Table 1-47: Transducer Mode 3S Operating Mode:M-Mode (Inc. B-Mode)

Index Label MI

TIS TIB

TICscan



IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 1.3

P Wo (mW) 121.9


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm) 4.55





Y (cm) 1.3

td PD (µsec) 0.58





FLY (cm) 8.0

Ipa,αat max. MI

IPA.3@MIma

x (W/cm2)

192.7




Acoustic Output


Table 1-48: Transducer Mode 3S Operating Mode: Color Flow Mode (Inc. M-Mode)

Index Label MI

TIS TIB

TICscan



IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 1.35

P Wo (mW) 44.9 134.6


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm) 5.23 2.9



ƒawf fc (MHz) 2.5 1.9 1.6


Y (cm) 1.3 1.3

td PD (µsec) 1.1

prr PRF (Hz) 4125.4




FLY (cm) 8.0


Frequency (MHz) 2 2.0 2.0


Vel Scale (kHz) 4.1 1.62 4.73

Penet OFF OFF OFF

Line Density

ROI 60 10

PS 10 16 14


Acoustic Output


Table 1-49: Transducer Mode: 3S Operating Mode: Pulsed Doppler (inc. B-Mode)

Index Label MI

TIS TIB

TICscan



IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 1.2

P Wo (mW) 44.9


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm) 4.22 4.5



ƒawf fc (MHz) 1.68 1.68


Y (cm) 1.3

td PD (µsec) 2.93

prr PRF (Hz) 1318.6




FLY (cm)





B Pause(on/off)

SV 5 4

Penet ON OFF


Acoustic Output


Table 1-50: Transducer Mode:3S Operating Mode :CW Doppler

Index Label MI

TIS TIB

TICscan



IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 3.1

P Wo (mW) 57.2


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm) 1.6





Y (cm) 0.4

td PD (µsec) 0.6

prr PRF (Hz) 1900.0




FLY (cm) 5.8


Frequency (MHz) D5.0 D2.0 2.5

Image Depth (cm)


Acoustic Output


Probe Name:7S

Table 1-51: Transducer Mode 7S Operating Mode: B Mode

Index Label MI

TIS TIB

TICscan



IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 2.76

P Wo (mW) 89.9


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm) 2.52



ƒawf fc (MHz) 3.99 3.99


Y (cm) 0.7

td PD (µsec) 0.6

prr PRF (Hz) 4192.9




FLY (cm) 8.0


Frequency (MHz) T4 T4


Other Conditions


Acoustic Output


Table 1-52: Transducer Mode 7S Operating Mode: M Mode (Inc. B-Mode)

Index Label MI

TIS TIB

TICscan



IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 2.32

P Wo (mW) 79.4


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm) 2.33



ƒawf fc (MHz) 3.97 3.97

Dim of Aaprt X (cm) 1

Y (cm) 0.7

td PD (µsec) 0.61





FLY (cm)

Ipa,αat max. MI

IPA.3@MIma

x (W/cm2)

362.72

Frequency (MHz) T4 T4

Image Depth (cm) 14.0 14


Acoustic Output


Table 1-53: Transducer Mode 7S Operating Mode: Color Flow Mode (Inc. M-Mode)

Index Label MI

TIS TIB

TICscan



IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 3.4

P Wo (mW) 44.9 105.0


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm) 2.26 2.26



ƒawf fc (MHz) 3.46 3.46 3.46

Dim of Aaprt X (cm) 1.0 1

Y (cm) 0.7 0.7

td PD (µsec) 095

prr PRF (Hz) 4251.7




FLY (cm) 8.0


Frequency (MHz) 3.3


Vel Scale (kHz) 4.3

Line Density

Penet OFF

ROI 60 10

PS 10 10 10


Acoustic Output


Table 1-54: Transducer Mode: 7S Operating Mode: Pulsed Doppler (inc. B-Mode)

Index Label MI

TIS TIB

TICscan



IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 2.4

P Wo (mW) 8.2 44.9


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm) 2.3 2.33



ƒawf fc (MHz) 3.4 5.1 3.4


Y (cm) 0.3 0.7

td PD (µsec) 1.17





FLY (cm) 1.5





B Pause(on/off)

SV 2 2

Penet OFF OFF


Acoustic Output


Table 1-55: Transducer Mode:7S Operating Mode :CW Doppler

Index Label MI

TIS TIB

TICscan



IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 (MPa) 3.1

P Wo (mW) 158.73 158.73

158.73


zs z1 (cm)

zbp zbp (cm)

zb zsp (cm) 2.84 2.84



ƒawf fc (MHz) 4.01 4.01 4.01 4.01

Dim of Aaprt X (cm) 0.93 0.93 0.93

Y (cm) 0.7 0.7 0.7

td PD (µsec)

prr PRF (Hz)




FLY (cm) 3.50 3.50

Ipa,αat max. MI IPA.3@MImax (W/cm2)

Frequency (MHz) D4.0 D4.0 D4.0

Image Depth (cm)

Other conditions


Acoustic Output




Chapter 2

Measurement Formulas

Reference for measurement formula tables for the various applications.




Measurement Acronyms

Cardiac Measurements

The following table shows tha cardiac measurements available on the LOGIQ 3 Expert/LOGIQ 3 Pro/LOGIQ 3

When you make a measurement,you select the abbreviationfor the measurement on the Touch Panel. Most abbreviations are made using acronyms. The following table lists acronyms used for naming cardiac measurements.

Table 2-1: Cardiac Measurements

Abbreviations Definition Unit

%FS LV Fractional Shortening, 2D %

%FS LV Fractional Shortening, M-mode %

%IVS Thck IVS Fractional Shortening, 2D %

%IVS Thck IVS Fractional Shortening, M-mode %

%LVPW Thck LV Posterior Wall Fractional Shortening, 2D %

%LVPW Thck LV Posterior Wall Fractional Shortening, M-mode %

Ao Arch Diam Aortic Arch Diameter cm

Ao asc Ascending Arch Diameter cm

Ao Desc Diam Descending Aortic Diameter cm

Ao Isthmus Aortic Isthmus cm

Ao Root Diam Aortic Root Diameter cm

Ao Root Diam Aortic Root Diameter, M-mode cm

AR ERO PISA:Regurgitant Orifice Area cm2

AR Flow PISA:Regurgitant Flow ml/s

AR PHT AV Insuf. Pressure Half Time ms

AP Rad PISA:Radius of Aliased Point cm

AR RV PISA:Regurgitant Volume Flow ml

AR Vel PISA:Aliased Velocity m/s




AR Vmax Aortic Insuf. Peak Velocity m/s

AR VTI Aortic Insuf. Velocity Time Integral cm

ARed max PC Aortic Insuf. End-Diastole Pressure Gradient mm Hg

ARed Vmax Aortic Insuf. End-Diastole Velocity m/s

AV Acc Slope Aortic Valve Flow Acceleration m/s2

AV Acc Time Aortic Valve Acceration Time ms

AV AccT/ET AV Acceleration to Ejection Time Ratio

AV CO Cardiac Output by AOrtic Flow Vmin

AV Cusp Aortic Valve Cusp Separation, 2D cm

AV Cusp Aortic Valve Cusp Separation, M-mode cm

AV Dec Time Aortic Valve Decelation Time ms

AV Diam Aortic Diameter, 2D cm

AV max PG Aortic Valve Peak Pressure Gradient mm Hg

AV mean PG Aortic Valve Mean Pressure Gradient mm Hg

AV SV Stroke Volume by Aortic Flow ml

AV Vmax Aortic Valve Peak Velocity m/s

AV VTI Aortic Valve Velocity Time Integral cm

AVA (Vmax) AV Area by Continuity Equation by Peak V cm2

AVA (VTY) AV Area by Continuity Equation VTI cm2

AVA Planimetry Aortic Valve Area cm2

AVET Aortic Valve Ejection Time ms

AVET Aortic Valve Ejection Time, M-mode ms

CO (A-L A2C) CO 2CH, Single Plane, Area-Length l/min

CO (A-L A4C) CO 4CH, Single Plane, Area-Length l/min

CO (Biplane) CO, Bi-Plane, MOD l/min

CO (Bullet) CO, Bi-Plane, Bullet l/min

CO (MOD A2C) CO 2CH, Single Plane, MOD (Simpson) l/min

CO (MOD A4C) CO 4CH, Single Plane, 4CH, MOD (Simpson) l/min

CO (Cube) Cardiac Output, 2D, Cubic l/min






CO (Cube) Cardiac Output, M-mode, Cubic l/min

CO (Tech) Cardiac Output, 2D, Teicholtz l/min

CO (Tech) Cardiac Outpu, M-mode, Teicholtz l/min

D-E Excursion MV Anterior Leaflet Excursion cm

D-E Excursion Mitral Valve D-E Slope cm

EDV (Bullet) LV Volume, Diastolic, Bi-Plane, Bullet ml

EDV (Cube) Left Ventricle Volume, Diastolic, 2D, Cubic ml

EDV (Cube) Left Ventricle Volume, Diastolic, M-mode, Cubic ml

EDV (Teich) Left Ventricle Volume, Diastolic, 2D, Teicholtz ml

EDV (Teich) Left Ventricle Volume, Diastolic, M-mode, Teicholtz ml

E-F (A-L A2C) Ejection Fraction, 2CH, Sigle Plane, Area-Length %

EF (A-L A4C) Ejection Fraction, 4CH, Sigle Plane, Area-Length %

EF (Biplane) Ejection Fraction, Bi-Plane, MOD %

EF (Bullet) Ejection Fraction, 2CH, Bi-Plane, Bullet %

EF (MOD A2C) Ejection Fraction, 2CH, Single Plane, MOD %

EF (MOD A4C) Ejection Fraction, 4CH, Single Plane, 4CH, MOD (Simpson) %

E-F Slope Mitral Valve E-F Slope m/s

EF (Cube) Ejection Fraction, 2D, Cubic %

EF (Cube) Ejection Fraction, M-mode, Cubic %

EF (Teich) Ejection Fraction, 2D, Teicholtz %

EF (Teich) Ejection Fraction, M-mode, Teicholtz %

EPSS E-Point-toSeptum Separation, M-mode cm

EPSS 2D E-Point-to-Septum Separation, 2D cm

ERC Effective Regurgitant Orifice cm2

ESV (Bullet) LV Volume, Systolic, Bi-Plane, Bullet ml

ESV (Cube) Left Ventricle Volume, Systolic, 2D, Cubic ml

ESV (Cube) Left Ventircle Volume, Systolic, M-mode, Cubic ml

ESV (Teich) Left Ventricle Volume, Systolic, 2D, Teicholtz ml

ESV (Teich) Left Ventricle Volume, Systolic, M-mode, Teicholtz ml

HR AV Heart Rate, Dop bpm






HR Heart Rate, 2D, Teicholtz bpm

HR Heart Rate for 2CH study bpm

HR Heart Rate for 4CH study bpm

HR Heart Rate for 2CH AL study bpm

HR Heart Rate for 2CH MOD study bpm

HR Heart Rate for 4CH AL study bpm

HR Heart Rate for 4CH MOD study bpm

HR Heart Rate for Bullet study bpm

HR Heart Rate for Bi-Plane MOD study bpm

HR LV Heart Rate, Dop bpm

HR Heart Rate, M-mode, Teicholtz bpm

HR Heart Rate bpm

IVC Inferior Vena Cava cm

IVCT Isovolumic Contraction Time ms

IVRT Isovolumic Relaxation Time ms

IVSd Interventricular Septum Thickness, Diastolic, 2D cm

IVSd IVS Thickness, Diastolic, M-mode cm

IVSs Interventricular Septum Thickness, Systolic, 2D cm

IVSs IVS Thickness, Systolic, M-mode cm

LA Diam Left Atrium Diameter, 2D cm

LA Diam Left Atrium Diameter, M-mode cm

LA Diam Right Atrium DIameter, 2D cm

LA Major Left Atrium Major cm

LA Minor Left Atrium Minoro cm

LA/Ao LA Diameter to AoRoot Diameter Ratio, 2D

LA/Ao LA Diameter to AoRoot Diameter Ratio, M-mode

LAEDV (MOD A4C) LA Volume, Single Plane, MOD ml

LAESV (MOD A4C) LA Volume, Systolic, SIngle Plane MOD ml

LIMP Left Index of Myocardial Performance

LVA(s) Left Ventricular Area, Systolic, 2CH cm2






LVAd (A2C) Left Ventricular Area, Diastolic, 2CH cm2

LVAd (A4C) Left Ventricular Area, Diastolic, 4CH cm2

LVAd (sax) LV area, SAX, Diastolic cm2

LVAend (d) LV Endocardial Area, SAX cm2

LVAepi (d) LV Epicardial Area, SAX cm2

LVAs (A4C) Left Ventricular Area, Systolic, 4CH cm2

LVAs (sax) LV Area, SAX, Systolic cm2

LVd Mass LV Mass, Diastolic, 2D g

LVd Mass LV Mass, Diastolic, M-mode g

LVd Mass Index LV Mass Index, Diastolic, 2D g/m2

LVd Mass Index LV Mass Index, Diastolic, M-mode g/m2

LVEDV (A-L A2C) LV Volume, Diastolic, 2CH, Area-Length ml

LVEDV (A-L A4C) LV Volume, Diastolic, 4CH, Area-Length ml

LVEDV (MOD A2C) LV Volume, DIastolic, Single Plane, 2CH, MOD ml

LVEDV (MOD A4C) LV Volume, Distolic, Single Plane, 4CH, MOD ml

LVEAD (MOD BP) LV Volume, Diastolic, Bi-Plane, MOD ml

LVESV (A-L A2C) LV Volume, Systolic, 2CH, Area-Length ml

LVESV (A-L A4C) LV Volume, Systolic, 4CH, Area-Length ml

LVESV (MOD A2C) LV Volume, Systolic, Single Plane, 2CH, MOD ml

LVESV (MOD A4C) LV Volume , Systolic, Single Plane, 4CH, MOD ml

LVESV (MOD BP) LV Volume, Systolic, Bi-Plane, MOD ml

LVESV (MOD LAX) LV Volume, Diastolic, Apical View, LAX MOD ml

LV ESV (MOD LAX) LV Volume, Systolic, Apical View, LAX, MOD ml

LVET Left Ventricle Ejection Time ms

LVIDd LV Internal Dimension, Distolic, 2D cm

LVIDd LV Internal Dimension, Distolic, M-mode cm

LVIDs LV Internal Dimension, Systolic, 2D cm

LVIDs LV Internal Dimension, Systolic, M-mode cm

LVLd (Apical) Left Ventricular Length, Diastolic, 2D cm






LVLs (Apical) Left Ventricular Length, Systolic, 2D cm

LVOT Area Left Ventricle Outflow Tract Area cm2

LVOT CO Cardiac Output by Aortic Flow l/min

LVOT Diam Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Diameter cm

LVOT max PG LVOT Peak Pressure Gradient mmHg

LVOT mean PG LVOT Mean Pressure Gradient mmHg

LVOT SI Stroke Volume Index by Aortic Flow ml/m2

LVOT SV Stroke Volume by Aortic Flow ml

LVOT Vmax LVOT Peak Velocity m/s

LVOT Vmean LVOT Velocity TIme Integral cm

LVPWd Left Ventricular Pesterior Wall Thickness, Diastolic, 2D cm

LVPWd Left Ventricular Posterior Wall Thickness, Diastolic, M-mode cm

LVPWs Left Ventricular Pesterior Wall Thickness, Systolic, 2D cm

LVPWs Left Ventricular Posterior Wall Thickness, Systolic, M-mode cm

LVs Mass LV Mass, Systolic, 2D g

LVs Mass LV Mass, Systolic, M-mode g

LVs Mass Index LV Mass Index, Systolic, 2D g/m2

LVs Mass Index LV Mass Index, Systolic, M-mode g/m2

LAAd (A2C) Left Atrium Area, Apical 2C cm2

LAAd (A4C) Left Atrium Area, Apical 4C cm2

MCO Mitral Valve Closure to Opening ms

MP Area Mitral Valve Prosthesis cm2

MR Acc Time MV Regurg. Flow Acceleration g

MR ERO PISA : Regurgitant Orifice Area cm2

MR Flow PISA : Regurgitant Flow ml/g

MR max PG Mitral Regurg. Peak Pressure Gradient mmHg

MR Rad PISA : Radius of Aliased Point cm

MR RV PISA : Regurgitant Volume Flow ml

MR Vel PISA : Aliased Velocity m/s






MR Vmax Mitral Regurg. Peak Velocity m/s

MR Vmax PISA : CW Peak Velocity m/x

MR Vmean Mitral Regurg. Mean Velocity m/s

MR VTI Mitral Regurg. Velocity Time Integral cm

MR VTI PISA : CW Velocity Time Integral cm

MV A Dur Mitral Valve A-Wave Duretion ms

MV A Velocity MV Velocity Peak A m/s

MV Acc Slope Mitral Valve Flow Acceleration m/s2

MV Acc Time Mitral Valve Acceleration Time ms

MV Acc/Dsc Time MV : Acc.Time/Decel. Time Ratio

MV an diam Mitral Valve Annulus Diameter, 2D cm

MV CO Cardiac Output by Mitral Flow l/min

MV Dec Slope Mitral Valve Flow Deceleration m/s2

MV Dec Time Mitral Valve Deceleration Time ms

MV E Velocity MV Velocity Peak E m/s

MV E/A Ratio Mitral Valve E-Peak to A-Peak Ratio

MV max PG Mitral Valve Peak Pressure Gradient mmHg

MV mean PG Mitral Valve Mean Pressure Grafient mmHg

MV PHT Mitral Valve Pressure Half Time ms

MV SI Stroke Volume Index by Mitral Flow ml/m2

MV SV Stroke Volume by Mitral Flow ml

MV Time to Peak Mitral Valve Time to Peak ms

MV Vmax Mitral Valve Peak Velocity m/s

MV Vmean MV Mean Velocity m/s

MV VTI Mitral Valve Velocity Time Integral cm

MVA Mitral Valve Area cm2

MVA by PHT Mitral Valve Area according to PHT cm2

MVA by plan Mitral Valve Area, 2D cm2

MVET Mitral Valve Ejection Time ms






P Vein A Pulmonary Vein Velocity Peak A (reverse) m/s

P Vein A Dur Pulmonary Vein A-Wave Duration ms

P Vein D Pulmonary Vein End-Diastolic Peak Velocity m/s

P Vein S Pulmonary Vein Systolic Peak Velocity m/s

PAEDP Pulmonary Artery Diastolic Pressure mmHg

PE(d) Pericard Effusion, M-mode cm

PEs Pericard Effusion, 2D cm

PR max PG Pulmonic Insuf. Peak Pressure Gradient mmHg

PR mean PG Pulmonic Insuf. Mean Pressure Gradient mmHg

PR PHT Pulmonic Insuf. Pressure Half Time ms

PR Vmax Pulmonic Insuf. Peak Velocity m/s

PR VTI Pulmonic Insuf. Velocity Time Integral cm

PRend max PG Pulmonic Insuf. End-Diastole Pressure Gradient mmHg

PRend Vmax Pulmonic Insuf. End-Diastolic Velocity m/s

Pulmonic Diam Pumonary Artery Diameter, 2D cm

PV Acc Slope Pulmonic Valve Flow Acceleration m/s2

PV Acc Time Pulmonic Valve Acceleration Time ms

PV Acc Time/ET Ratio PV Acceleration to Ejection Time Ratio

PV an Diam Pulmonic Valve Annulus Diameter, 2D cm

PV Ann Area Pulmonic Valve Area cm2

PV CO Cardiac Output by Pulmonic Flow l/min

PV max PG Pulmonic Valve Peak Pressure Gradient mmHg

PV mean PG Pulmonic Valve mean Pressure Gradient mmHg

PV SV Stroke Volume by Pulmonic Flow ml

PV Vmax Pulmonary Artery Peak Velocity m/s

PV Vmax Pulmonic Valve Peak Velocity m/s

PV Vmean PV Mean Velocity m/s

PV VTI Puomonic Valve Velocity Time Integral cm

PVA (VTI) Pulmonary Artery Velocity Time Integral cm2

PVein S/D Ratio Pulmonary Vain SD Ratio






PVET Pulmonic Valve Ejectin Time ms

PVPEP Pulmonic Valve Pre-Ejection Period ms

PVPEP/ET Ratio PV Pre-Ejection to Ejection Time Ratio

Qp/Qs Pulmonic-to-Systemic Flow Ratio

RA Major Right Atrium Major, 2D cm

RA Minoro Right Atrium Minor, 2D cm

RAEDV A2C Right Atrium End Diastolic Volume, Apical chamber cm2

RAEDV A-L RA End Diastolic Volume (A-L) ml

RAEDV MOD RA Volume Diastoric, Single Plan, MOD ml

RAEDV MOD RA End Diastoric Volume (MOD) ml

RAESV A-L RA End Systolic Volume (A-L) ml

RAESV MOD RA Volume Systolic , Single Plan, MOD ml

RAESV MOD RA End Systolic Volume (MOD) ml

RALd Right Atrium Length, Diastole cm

RALs RA Length, Systole cm

RIMP Right Index of Myocardial Performance

RJA (A4C) Regurgitant Jet Area cm2

RJA/LAA Regurgitant Jet Area ratio RJA/LAA

RV Major Right Ventricle Major cm

RV Minor Right Ventricle Minor cm

RVAWd Right Ventricle Wall Thickness, Diastolic, 2D cm

RVAWs Right Ventricle Wall Thickness, Systolic, 2D cm

RVET Right Ventricle Ejection time s

RVIDd Right Ventricle Diameter, Diastolic, 2D cm

RVIDd Right Ventricle Diameter, Diastolic, M-mode cm

RVIDs Right Ventricle Diameter, Systolic, 2D cm

RVIDs Right Ventrricle Diameter, Systolic, M-mode cm

RVOT Area Right Ventricle Outflow Tract Area cm2

RVOT Diam RV Output Tract Diameter, 2D cm

RVOT Diam RV Output Trace Diameter, M-mode cm






RVOT max PG RVOT Peak Pressrure Gradient mmHg

RVOT mean PG RVOT Mean Pressure Gradient mmHg

RVOT SI LV Stroke Volume Index by Pulmonic Flow ml/m2

RVOT SV Stroke Volume by Pulmonic Flow ml

RVOT Vmax RVOT Peak Velocity m/s

RVOT Vmean RVOT Mean Velocity m/s

RVOT VTI RVOT Velocity Time Integral cm

RVSP Right Ventricle Systolic Presure mmHg

RVWd Right Ventricle Wall Thickness, Diastolic, M-Mode cm

RVWs Right Ventricle Wall Thickness, Systolic, M-mode cm

RAA(d) Right Atrium Area, 2D, Diastole cm2

RAA(s) Right Atrium Area, 2D, Systole cm2

SI (A-LA2C) LV Stroke Index, Single Plane, 2CH, Area-Length ml/m2

SI (A-LA4C) LV Stroke Index, Single Plane, 4CH, Area-Length ml/m2

SI (Biplane) LV Stroke Index, Biplane, MOD ml/m2

SI (Bullet) LV Stroke Index, Biplane, Bullet ml/m2

SI (MOD A2C) LV Stroke Index, Single Plane, 2CH, MOD ml/m2

SI (MOD A4C) LV Stroke Index, Single Plane, 4CH, MOD ml/m2

SI (Teich) LV Stroke Index, Teicholtz, 2D ml/m2

SI (Teich) LV Stroke Index, Teicholtz, M-mode ml/m2

SV (A-LA2C) LV Stroke Volume, Single Plane, 2CH, Area-Length ml

SV (A-LA4C) LV Stroke Volume, Single Plane, 4CH, Area-Length ml

SV (Biplane) LV Stroke Volume, Biplane, MOD ml

SV (Bullet) LV Stroke Volume, Biplane, Bullet ml

SV (MOD A2C) LV Stroke Volume, Single Plane, 2CH, MOD (Simpson) ml

SV (MOD A4C) LV Stroke Volume, Single Plane, 4CH, MOD (Simpson) ml

SV (Cube) LV Stroke Volume, 2D, Cubic ml

SV (Cube) LV Stroke Volume, M-mode, CUbic ml

SV (Teich) LV Stroke Volume, 2D, Teicholtz ml






SV (Teich) LV Stroke Volume, M-mode, Teicholtz ml

Systemic Diam Systemic Vein Diameter, 2D cm

Systemic Vmax Systemic Vein Peak Velocity m/s

Systemic VTI Systemic Vein Velocity Time Integral cm

TCO Tricuspid Valve Closure to Opening ms

TR max PG Tricuspid Regurg. Peak Pressure Gradient mmHg

TR mean PG Tricuspid Regurg. Mean Pressure Gradient mmHg

TR Vmax Tricuspid Regurg. Peak Velocity m/s

TR Vmean Tricuspid Regurg. Mean Velocity m/s

TR VTI Tricuspid Regurgitation Velocity Time Integral cm

TV A Dur Tricuspid Valve A-Wave Duratin ms

TV A Velocity Tricuspid Valve A Velocity m/s

TV Acc Time Tricuspid Valve Time to Peak ms

TV Ann Area Tricuspid Valve Area cm2

TV Ann Diam Tricuspid Valve Annulus Diameter, 2D cm

TV Area Tricuspid Valve Area, 2D cm2

TV CO Cardiac Output by Tricuspid Flow l/min

TV Dec Slope Tricuspid Valve Flow Deceleration m/s2

TV E Velocity TV Valve E Velocity m/s

TV E/A Ratio Tricuspid Valve E-Peak to A-Peak Ratio

TV max PG Tricuspid Valve Peak Pressure Gradient mmHg

TV mean PG Tricuspid Valve Mean Pressure Gradient mmHg

TV PHT Tricuspid Valve Pressure Half Time ms

TV SV Stroke Volume by Tricuspid Flow ml

TV Vmean TV Mean Velocity m/s

TV VTI Tricuspid Valve Velocity Time Integral cm

VSD max PG VSD Peak Pressure Gradient mmHg

VSD Vmax VSD Peak Velocity m/s

%FS LV Fractional Shortening, 2D %

%FS LV Fractional Shortening, M-mode %






%IVS Thck IVS Fractional Shortening, 2D %

%IVS Thck IVS Fractional Shortening, M-mode %

%LVPW Thck LV Posterior Wall Fractional Shortening, 2D %

%LVPW Thck LV Posterior Wall Fractional Shortening, M-mode %







Formulas–Generic

Table 2-2: Generic Calculation Formulas

Calc Mnemonic Calc Name Input Measurements Formula

MaxPG Maximum PressureGradient

two Doppler blood flow peak velocities

MaxPG[mmHg]=4x|(v1^2-v2^2)|

MeanPG Mean Pressure Gradient flow velocities from one time marker to another time marker in a Doppler display

MeanPG[mmHg]= n4x (Vi^2)/n i=1

% Stenosis Stenosis Ratio two areas (by ellipse, trace, circle or distance)

% Stenosis= [1-(Aresidual/ Alumen)]x100

PI Pulsatility Index two Doppler blood flow peak velocities and TAMAX

PI=(Vmax-Vdiastole)/

TAMAXa

a.Vdiastole = Vmin or Vend-diastole (depends on preset selection)

RI Resistivity Index two Doppler blood flow peak velocities

RI=(Vmax-Vdiastole)/Vmaxa

HR Heart Rate (beats/minute) one 2 beat time interval HR[BPM]=120[sec]/2beat time [sec]

A/B Ratio Velocities Ratio two Doppler blood flow peak velocities

A/B=V1/V2

TAMAX Time Averaged Maximum Velocity (Trace Method is Peak or manual)

two time marks in a Doppler display

TAMAX=sum{Vt} from t1 to t2/(t2-t1) [cm/s or m/s]

TAMIN Time Averaged Minimum Velocity (Trace method is Floor)


TAMIN=sum{Vt} from t1 to t2/(t2-t1) [cm/s or m/s]

TAMEAN Time Averaged Mean Velocity (Trace method is Mean)


TAMEAN=sum{Vt} from t1 to t2/(t2-t1) [cm/s or m/s]




.

Table 2-3: Volume Calculation Formulas

Calc Name Input Measurements Formula

Volume (spherical) one distance Vol[ml]=(π/6)xd^3

Volume (prolate spheroidal) two distances, d1>d2 Vol[ml]= (π/6)xd1xd2^2

Volume (prolate spheroidal) one ellipse, d1 major axis, d2 minor axis

Vol[ml]= (π/6)xd1xd2^2

Volume (spheroidal) three distances Vol[ml]= (π/6)xd1xd2xd3

Volume (spheroidal) one distance d1, one ellipse, d2 major axis, d3 minor axis

Vol[ml]= (π/6)xd1xd2xd3

Table 2-4: Bladder Volume Calculation Formulas

Calc Name Input Measurements Formula

Volume (bladder) three distances Vol[ml]= (π/6)xd1xd2xd3

Volume (bladder 0.7) three distances Vol[ml]= 0.7xd1xd2xd




Formulas–OB

Table 2-5: OB Calculation Formulas

Calc Mnemonic Calc Name

Input Measurements Formula

Author Reference

AC Abdominal Circumference

circumference by trace, ellipse, circle or two distances

AC=13.3+1.61 (GA) -0.00998 (GA)2

Hadlock et al, Radiology, 152:497-501, 1984

BPD Biparietal Diameter

one distance BPD = -3.08+0.41 (GA) - 0.000061 (GA)3

CRL Crown Rump Length

one distance CRL=1.684969+ 0.315646xd1+ 0.049306xd1^2+ 0.004057xd1^3+ 0.000120456xd1^4

FL Femur Length one distance FL = -3.91 + 0.427 (GA) - 0.0034 (GA)2

GS Gestational Sac three distances GS [wk] = 1.42450142 * (d1+d2+d3)/3+ 3.6225

HC Head Circumference

circumference by trace, ellipse, circle or two distances

HC=-11.48 + 1.56 (GA) - 0.0002548 (GA)3

HC Head Circumference

one ellipse HC [mm] = 2.325 * (BPD [mm]^2 + OFD [mm]^2)^0.5

Hansmann, Ultrasound Diagnosis in Obstetrics and Gynecology, 438-9, 1985

EF Ejection Fraction

two distances on M-Mode (End-diastolic dimension and End-systolic dimension on M-Mode)

EF = (1 - Ds^3 / Dd^3) n/a




Table 2-6: CUA Hadlock Formulas

Calc Mnemonic

Calc Name Formula

Author Reference

CUAa Composite Ultrasound Age

1. CUA (BPD) = 9.54 + 1.482 * BPD + 0.1676 * BPD2

2. CUA (HC) = 8.96 + 0.540 * HC + 0.0003 * HC3

3. CUA (AC) = 8.14 + 0.753 * AC + 0.0036 * AC2

4. CUA (FL) = 10.35 + 2.460 * FL + 0.170 * FL2

5. CUA (BPD, HC) = 10.32 + 0.009 * HC2 + 1.3200 * BPD + 0.00012 * HC3

6. CUA (BPD, AC) = 9.57 + 0.524 * AC + 0.1220 * BPD2

7. CUA (BPD, FL) = 10.50 + 0.197 * BPD * FL + 0.9500 * FL + 0.7300 * BPD

8. CUA (HC, AC) = 10.31 + 0.012 * HC2 + 0.3850 * AC9. CUA (HC, FL) = 11.19 + 0.070 * HC * FL + 0.2630 *

HC10. CUA (AC, FL) = 10.47 + 0.442 *AC + 0.3140 * FL2 -

0.0121 * FL3

11. CUA (BPD, HC, AC) = 10.58 + 0.005 * HC2 + 0.3635 * AC + 0.02864 * BPD * AC

12. CUA (BPD, HC, FL) = 11.38 = 0.070 * HC * FL + 0.9800 * BPD

13. CUA (BPD, AC, FL) = 10.61 + 0.175 * BPD * FL + 0.2970 * AC + 0.7100 * FL

14. CUA (HC, AC, FL) = 10.33 + 0.031 * HC * FL + 0.3610 * HC + 0.0298 * AC * FL

15. CUA (BPD, HC, AC, FL) = 10.85 + 0.060 * HC * FL + 0.6700 * BPD + 0.1680 * AC

Hadlock, Radiology, 1984 152:497-501

a.Formulas are used only if Hadlock HC, FL, AC and BPD are used and CUA is selected as the presetin the CUA/AUA for Hadlock preset in the System M&A Preset Menu. If other authors are used, CUAautomatically changes to AUA and an average value is displayed.

Table 2-7: EFW Calculation Formulas



Author Reference

EFW Estimated Fetal Weight

AC and HC EFW [kg] = 10^ (1.182+(0.0273*HC [cm])+(0.07057*AC [cm] - (0.00063*AC [cm]^2)-(0.0002184*AC [cm] * HC [cm]))

Hadlock, Radiology, 150:535, 1984


BPD, AC, and FL EFW [g]=10^(1.335-(0.0034*AC [cm] * FL [cm]) + (0.0316 * BPD [cm]) + (0.0457 * AC [cm]) + (0.1623 * FL [cm]

Hadlock, AJOG, 151:333, 1985





AC, HC, and FL EFW [g]=10^(1.326-(0.00326 * AC [cm] * FL [cm]) + (0.0107 * HC [cm]) + (0.0438 * AC [cm]) + (0.158 * FL [cm]))

Hadlock, AJOG, 151:333, 1985


AC, HC, BPD, FL EFW [g] = 10^(1.3596- (0.00386 * AC [cm] * FL [cm]) + (0.0064 * HC [cm]) + (0.00061 * BPD [cm] * AC [cm]) + (0.0424 * AC [cm]) + (0.174 * FL [cm]))

Hadlock, AJOG, 151:333, 1985


AC and FL EFW [g] = 10^(1.304 + 0.05281 * AC [cm] + 0.1938 * FL [cm] - 0.004 * AC [cm] * FL [cm])

Hadlock, Radiology, 150:535, 1984


EFW [g] = -3200.40479 + 157.07186 * AC [cm] + 15.90391 * BPD [cm]^2

Merz


EFW [g] = 0.515263 -0.105775 * BPD [mm] + (0.000930707 * BPD [mm]^2 + 0.0649145 * TAD [mm] - 0.00020562 * TAD [mm]^2

German


AC and BPD EFW [kg] = 10^(-1.7492 + 0.166 * BPD [cm] + 0.046 * AC [cm] - 2.646 * AC [cm] * BPD [cm]/1000)

Shepard, AJOG, 142:47, 1982


BPD [cm] and AC [cm]

EFW [g] = 10^(1.7288+0.09184 * BPD [cm] + 0.02581 * AC [cm] + 0.00011 * BPD [cm] * AC [cm])

Shepard/Warsoff


BPD [cm] and AC [cm]

EFW [g] =10^(3-1.7492 + (0.166 * BPD [cm]) + (0.04 * A [cm]) - (0.002646 * AC [cm] * BPD [cm]))

Richards/Berkowitz


EFW [g] = 1.07 * BPD [cm]^3 + 3.42 * APTD [cm] * TTD [cm] * FL [cm]

Tokyo University


BPD, AxT, FL [cm] EFW1 [g] =1.07 * BPD [cm]^3 + 3.42 * AxT [cm2] * FL [cm]

Tokyo Shinozuka

Table 2-7: EFW Calculation Formulas (Continued)



Author Reference




Amniotic FluidIndex (AFI)

The normal values are considered to be:

36-40 weeks

0-5 cm = very low

5.1-8.0 cm = low

8.1 - 18.0 cm = normal

>18.0 = high

Dr. Rutherford/Dr. Phelan, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Volume 70, No. 3, Part 1, p.353-6, Sept. 1987.

28-40 weeks

15.0 cm = average

>20.0 - 24.0 = hydramnios

<5.0-6.0 = Oligohydramnios

Dr. C.C. Smith, The Female Patient, Volume 15, p.85-97, March 1990.


BPD, AC, FL [cm] EFW2 [g] = 1.07 * BPD [cm]^3 + 0.30 * AC [cm]^2 * FL [cm]

Tokyo Shinozuka


BPD, AxT, LV [cm] EFW3 [g] = 1.07 * BPD [cm] ^3 + 2.91 * AxT [cm2] * LV [cm]

Tokyo Shinozuka

Table 2-7: EFW Calculation Formulas (Continued)



Author Reference

Sagittal

Transverse




Formulas–GYN Table 2-8: GYN Calculation Formulas



Ut-L Uterine Length one distance Ut-L[cm or mm]=d1

Ut-H Uterine Height one distance Ut-H[cm or mm]=d1

Ut-W Uterine Width one distance Ut-W[cm or mm]=d1

Ut-Volume Uterine Volume Ut-L, Ut-H, Ut-W Ut-Volume=0.5236 x Ut-L[cm or mm] x Ut-H[cm or mm] x Ut-W[cm or mm]

UtPFD Uterus Portio-Fundus Distance

one distance

UtAP Anterior-Posterior Uterus Diameter

one distance

UtQ Transverse Uterus Diameter

one distance

Endo Endometrium Thickness one distance Endo[cm or mm]=d1

Lt. Ov-L Left Ovarian Length one distance Lt. Ov-L[cm or mm]=d1

Lt. Ov-H Left Ovarian Height one distance Lt. Ov-H[cm or mm]=d1

Lt. Ov-W Left Ovarian Width one distance Lt. Ov-W[cm or mm]=d1

Lt. Ov-Volume Left Ovarian Volume Lt. Ov-L, Lt. Ov-H, Lt. Ov-W

Lt. Ov-Volume=0.5236 x Lt. Ov-L[cm or mm] x Lt. Ov-H[cm or mm] x Lt. Ov-W[cm or mm]

Rt. Ov-L Right Ovarian Length one distance Rt. Ov-L[cm or mm]=d1

Rt. Ov-H Right Ovarian Height one distance Rt. Ov-H[cm or mm]=d1

Rt. Ov-W Right Ovarian Width one distance Rt. Ov-W[cm or mm]=d1

Rt. Ov-Volume Right Ovarian Volume Rt. Ov-L, Rt. Ov-H, Rt. Ov-W

Rt. Ov-Volume=0.5236 x Rt. Ov-L[cm or mm] x Rt. Ov-H[cm or mm] x Rt. Ov-W[cm or mm]

Lt. Ov-RI Left Ovarian Vessel Resistive Index


Lt. Ov-RI= (Vmax-Vdiastole)/Vmaxa

Ut-RI Uterine Vessel Resistive Index


Ut-RI= (Vmax-Vdiastole)/Vmaxa

Rt. Ov-RI Right Ovarian Vessel Resistive Index


Rt. Ov-RI= (Vmax-Vdiastole)/

Vmaxa




LtOvFo[ml] Left Ovary Follicles One distanceb D1[cm]3 x π/6

Two distancesb D1[cm]2 x D2x[cm] π/6 : (D1 <D2)

D1[cm] x D2[cm]2 x π/6 : (D2 <D1)

Three distances D1[cm] x D2[cm]x D3[cm] x π/6

RtOvFo[ml] Right Ovary Follicles One distanceb D1[cm]3 x π/6

Two distancesb D1[cm]2 x D2[cm] x π/6 : (D1 <D2)

D1[cm] x D2[cm]2 x π/6 : (D2 <D1)

Three distances D1[cm] x D2[cm] x D3[cm] x π/6

Lt. Ov-PI Left Ovarian Vessel Pulsatility Index

Lt. Ov-PI=(Vmax-Vdiastole)/

TAMAXc

Rt. Ov-PI Right Ovarian Vessel Pulsatility Index

Rt. Ov-PI=(Vmax-Vdiastole)/

TAMAXd

a.Vdiastole = Vmin or Vend-diastole (depends on preset selection)b.To calculate LtOvFo or RtOvFo with one (or two distances), press the Clear key after the first (orsecond distance) measurement(s).c.Vdiastole = Vmin or Vend-diastole (depends on preset selection)d.Vdiastole = Vmin or Vend-diastole (depends on preset selection)

Table 2-8: GYN Calculation Formulas






Formulas–VascularTable 2-9: Vascular Calculation Formulas

Calc Mnemonic Calc Name Input Measurements Formula

RT ECA Right External Carotid Artery Velocity

one Doppler blood flow peak velocity

RT ECA=v1[cm/s or m/s]

RT CCA Right Common Carotid Artery Velocity


RT CCA=v1[cm/s or m/s]

RT BIFURC Right Carotid Bifurcation Velocity


RT BIFURC=v1[cm/s or m/s]

RT ICA Right Internal Carotid Artery Velocity


RT ICA=v1[cm/s or m/s]

RT ICA/CCA Right Internal Carotid Artery Velocity/Common Carotid Artery Velocity Ratio


RT ICA/CCA=VICA/VCCA

LT ECA, LT CCA, LT BIFURC, LT ICA, LT ICA/CCA

Same as above, for Left Carotid Artery

Same as above Same as above

A/B Ratio Velocities Ratio two Doppler blood flow peak velocities

A/B=|V1/V2|

% Stenosis Stenosis Ratio two areas (by ellipse, trace, circle or distance)

% Stenosis=[1-(Aresidual/ Alumen)]x100

S/D Ratio Systolic Velocity/Diastolic Velocities Ratio


S/D=|Vsystole/Vdiastolea|

a.Vdiastole = Vmin or Vend-diastole (depends on preset selection)

PI Pulsatility Index two Doppler blood flow peak velocities and TAMAX

PI=|(Vmax-Vdiastole)/

TAMAXa|

RI Resistivity Index two Doppler blood flow peak velocities

RI=|(Vmax-Vdiastole)/

Vmaxa|

HR Heart Rate (beats/minute) one 2 beat time interval (measured manually or automatically)

HR[BPM]=120[sec]/2 beat time[sec]




Formulas-Cardiac

The Following table lists the cardiac calculations. the folders where to find tha calculations and related measurements are indicated in brackets “[ ]”.

Table 2-10: Cardiac Calculation Formulas

%FS [Dimension, Cube/Teicholz]Mode : 2D, CF, VR2DFormula : (({LFIDd}-[LVIDs])/{LVIDd])Needs measurement : LVIDd [Dimension, Cube/Teichloz], LVIDs [Dimension, Cube/Teichloz]Measured by : LVs[2DLV], LVIDs[2DCaliper], EF(Cube) [AutoCalc]

%FS [Generic, Dimension]Mode : MM, CM, AMM, CAMM, VRMMFormula : (({LFIDd}-[LVIDs])/{LVIDd])Needs measurement : LVIDd [Generic, Dimension], LVIDs [Generic, Dimension]Measured by : LVs[

%IVS Thck [Dimension]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: (({IVSs}-{IVSd})/{IVSd})Needs measurement: IVSs [Dimension], IVSd [Dimension]Measured by: LVs [2DLV], IVSs [2DCALIPER]

%IVS Thck [Dimension]Mode: MM:CM:AMM:CAMM:VRMMFormula: (({IVSs}-{IVSd})/{IVSd})Needs measurement: IVSs [Dimension], IVSd [Dimension]Measured by: IVSs [MMDISCALIPER]

%LVPW Thck [Dimension]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: (({LVPWs}-{LVPWd})/{LVPWd})Needs measurement: LVPWs [Dimension], LVPWd [Dimension]Measured by: LVs [2DLV], LVPWs [2DCALIPER]

%LVPW Thck [Dimension]Mode: MM:CM:AMM:CAMM:VRMMFormula: (({LVPWs}-{LVPWd})/{LVPWd})Needs measurement: LVPWs [Dimension], LVPWd [Dimension]Measured by: LVPWs [MMDISCALIPER]

Ao st junct/Ao [Dimension]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: {Ao st junct}/{Ao Diam}Needs measurement: Ao st junct [Dimension], Ao Diam [Dimension]Measured by: Ao st junct [2DCALIPER]




Ao/LA [Generic, Dimension]Mode: MM:CM:AMM:CAMM:VRMMFormula: {Ao Diam}/{LA Diam}Needs measurement: Ao Diam [Generic, Dimension], LA Diam [Generic, Dimension]Measured by: LA/Ao [MMLAAO]

AP Area [Aortic]Mode: CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: {LVOT Diam}^2*0.785*({LVOT VTI}/{AP VTI})Needs measurement: LVOT Diam [Aortic], LVOT VTI [Aortic], AP VTI [Aortic]Measured by: AP Area [SDMANTRACE]

AR ERO [PISA]Mode: CF:CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: {AR Flow}/{AR Vmax}Needs measurement: AR Flow [PISA], AR Vmax [PISA]Measured by: AR Trace [AUTOCALC]

AR RV [PISA]Mode: CF:CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: {AR Flow}/{AR Vmax}*{AR VTI}Needs measurement: AR Flow [PISA], AR Vmax [PISA], AR VTI [PISA]Measured by: AR Trace [AUTOCALC]

AV Acc Time/ET Ratio [Aortic]Mode: CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: {AV AccT}/{AVET}Needs measurement: AV AccT [Aortic], AVET [Aortic]Measured by: AVET [SDTIMECALIPER]

AV Area [Dimension]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: 3.14/4*{AV Diam}^2Needs measurement: AV Diam [Dimension]Measured by: AV Diam [2DCALIPER]

AV CI [Aortic]Mode: CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: (({AV Diam}^2*0.785*{AV VTI})*{HR}/60)/{BSA}Needs measurement: AV Diam [Aortic], AV VTI [Aortic], HR [Aortic]Measured by: AV Trace [SDMANTRACE]

AV CO [Aortic]Mode: CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: ({AV Diam}^2*0.785*{AV VTI})*{HR}/60Needs measurement: AV Diam [Aortic], AV VTI [Aortic], HR [Aortic]Measured by: AV Trace [SDMANTRACE]

AV SI [Aortic]Mode: CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: ({AV Diam}^2*0.785*{AV VTI})/{BSA}Needs measurement: AV Diam [Aortic], AV VTI [Aortic]Measured by: AV Trace [SDMANTRACE]





AV SV [Aortic]Mode: CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: {AV Diam}^2*0.785*{AV VTI}Needs measurement: AV Diam [Aortic], AV VTI [Aortic]Measured by: AV Trace [SDMANTRACE]

AVA (VTI) [Aortic]Mode: 2D:CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: 3.14/4*{LVOT Diam}^2*{LVOT VTI}/{AV VTI}Needs measurement: LVOT Diam [Aortic], LVOT VTI [Aortic], AV VTI [Aortic]Measured by: AV Trace [AUTOCALC]

AVA Vmax [Aortic]Mode: 2D:CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: 3.14/4*{LVOT Diam}^2*abs({LVOT Vmax}/{AV Vmax})Needs measurement: LVOT Diam [Aortic], LVOT Vmax [Aortic], AV Vmax [Aortic]Measured by: AV Vmax [AUTOCALC]

AVA Vmax [Aortic]Mode: 2D:CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: 3.14/4*{LVOT Diam}^2*abs({LVOT Vmax}/{AV Vmax})Needs measurement: LVOT Diam [Aortic], LVOT Vmax [Aortic], AV Vmax [Aortic]Measured by: AV Trace [AUTOCALC]

AVA Vmax, Pt [Aortic]Mode: 2D:CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: 3.14/4*{LVOT Diam}^2*abs({LVOT Vmax}/{AV Vmax})Needs measurement: LVOT Diam [Aortic], LVOT Vmax [Aortic], AV Vmax [Aortic]Measured by: AV Vmax [AUTOCALC]

AVA Vmax, Pt [Aortic]Mode: 2D:CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: 3.14/4*{LVOT Diam}^2*abs({LVOT Vmax}/{AV Vmax})Needs measurement: LVOT Diam [Aortic], LVOT Vmax [Aortic], AV Vmax [Aortic]Measured by: AV Trace [AUTOCALC]

CI A-L A2C [Single Plane A2C, AutoBiplane]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2D:TraceFormula: (({LVEDV A-L A2C}-{LVESV A-L A2C})*{HR}/60)/{BSA}Needs measurement: LVEDV A-L A2C [Single Plane A2C, AutoBiplane], LVESV A-L A2C [Single Plane A2C, AutoBiplane], HR [Single Plane A2C, AutoBiplane]Measured by: R-R [2DCALIPER], A2C [2DAUTOVOLUME]

CI A-L A2C [Single Plane A2C]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: (({LVEDV A-L A2C}-{LVESV A-L A2C})*{HR}/60/Auto)/{BSA}Needs measurement: LVEDV A-L A2C [Single Plane A2C], LVESV A-L A2C [Single Plane A2C], HR [Single Plane A2C]Measured by: LVESV A2C [2DVOLUMETRACE]





CI A-L A4C [Single Plane A4C, AutoBiplane]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2D:TraceFormula: (({LVEDV A-L A4C}-{LVESV A-L A4C})*{HR}/60)/{BSA}Needs measurement: LVEDV A-L A4C [Single Plane A4C, AutoBiplane], LVESV A-L A4C [Single Plane A4C, AutoBiplane], HR [Single Plane A4C, AutoBiplane]Measured by: R-R [2DCALIPER], A4C [2DAUTOVOLUME]

CI A-L A4C [Single Plane A4C]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: (({LVEDV A-L A4C}-{LVESV A-L A4C})*{HR}/60)/{BSA}Needs measurement: LVEDV A-L A4C [Single Plane A4C], LVESV A-L A4C [Single Plane A4C], HR [Single Plane A4C]Measured by: LVESV A4C [2DVOLUMETRACE]

CI A-L LAX [Single Plane LAX, AutoBiplane]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2D:TraceFormula: (({LVEDV A-L LAX}-{LVESV A-L LAX})*{HR}/60)/{BSA}Needs measurement: LVEDV A-L LAX [Single Plane LAX, AutoBiplane], LVESV A-L LAX [Single Plane LAX, AutoBiplane], HR [Single Plane LAX, AutoBiplane]Measured by: R-R [2DCALIPER], AutoVolume [2DAUTOVOLUME]

CI Biplane [Biplane]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2D:TraceFormula: d = biplane({LVLd A4C},{LVDisks},{LVLd A2C},{LVDisks})Needs measurement: LVLd A4C [Biplane], LVLd A2C [Biplane], LVLs A4C [Biplane], LVLs A2C [Biplane], HR [Biplane]Measured by: R-R [2DCALIPER]

CI bp el [Biplane Ellipse]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2D:TraceFormula: ((d-s)*{ECG/HeartRate}/60)/{BSA} where: s = (8/(3*3.14159))*{LVAs(A4C)}*{LVAs(sax MV)}/{2D/LVIDs} d = (8/(3*3.14159))*{LVAd A4C}*{LVAd (sax MV)}/{LVIDd}Needs measurement: LVAd A4C [Biplane Ellipse], LVAd (sax MV) [Biplane Ellipse], LVIDd [Biplane Ellipse], LVAs A4C [Biplane Ellipse], LVAs sax MV [Biplane Ellipse], LVIDs [Biplane Ellipse], HR [Biplane Ellipse]Measured by: R-R [2DCALIPER]

CI bullet [Bullet]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2D:TraceFormula: ((d-s)*{ECG/HeartRate}/60)/{BSA} where: s =5/6*{LVAs(sax)}*{LVLs(apical)} d = 5/6*{LVAd sax)}*{LVLd apical}Needs measurement: LVAd sax) [Bullet], LVLd apical [Bullet], LVAs sax) [Bullet], LVLs apical [Bullet], HR [Bullet]Measured by: R-R [2DCALIPER]

CI MOD A2C [Single Plane A2C, AutoBiplane]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2D:TraceFormula: (({LVEDV MOD A2C}-{LVESV MOD A2C})*{HR}/60)/{BSA}Needs measurement: LVEDV MOD A2C [Single Plane A2C, AutoBiplane], LVESV MOD A2C [Single Plane A2C, AutoBiplane], HR [Single Plane A2C, AutoBiplane]Measured by: R-R [2DCALIPER], A2C [2DAUTOVOLUME]





CI MOD A2C [Single Plane A2C]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: (({LVEDV MOD A2C}-{LVESV MOD A2C})*{HR}/60)/{BSA}Needs measurement: LVEDV MOD A2C [Single Plane A2C], LVESV MOD A2C [Single Plane A2C], HR [Single Plane A2C]Measured by: LVESV A2C [2DVOLUMETRACE]

CI MOD A4C [Single Plane A4C, AutoBiplane]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2D:TraceFormula: (({LVEDV MOD A4C}-{LVESV MOD A4C})*{HR}/60)/{BSA}Needs measurement: LVEDV MOD A4C [Single Plane A4C, AutoBiplane], LVESV MOD A4C [Single Plane A4C, AutoBiplane], HR [Single Plane A4C, AutoBiplane]Measured by: R-R [2DCALIPER], A4C [2DAUTOVOLUME]

CI MOD A4C [Single Plane A4C]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: (({LVEDV MOD A4C}-{LVESV MOD A4C})*{HR}/60)/{BSA}Needs measurement: LVEDV MOD A4C [Single Plane A4C], LVESV MOD A4C [Single Plane A4C], HR [Single Plane A4C]Measured by: LVESV A4C [2DVOLUMETRACE]

CI MOD LAX [Single Plane LAX, AutoBiplane]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2D:TraceFormula: (({LVEDV MOD LAX}-{LVESV MOD LAX})*{HR}/60)/{BSA}Needs measurement: LVEDV MOD LAX [Single Plane LAX, AutoBiplane], LVESV MOD LAX [Single Plane LAX, AutoBiplane], HR [Single Plane LAX, AutoBiplane]Measured by: R-R [2DCALIPER], AutoVolume [2DAUTOVOLUME]

CI mod sim [Modified Simpson]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2D:TraceFormula: ((d-s)*{ECG/HeartRate}/60)/{BSA} where: s = ({LVLs(apical)}/9)*((4*{LVAs(sax MV)})+(2*{LVAs(sax PM)})+sqrt({LVAs(sax MV)}*{LVAs(sax PM)})) d = ({LVLd apical}/9)*((4*{LVAd (sax MV)})+(2*{LVAd sax PM})+sqrt({LVAd (sax MV)}*{LVAd sax PM}))Needs measurement: LVLd apical [Modified Simpson], LVAd (sax MV) [Modified Simpson], LVAd sax PM [Modified Simpson], LVLs apical [Modified Simpson], LVAs sax MV [Modified Simpson], LVAs sax PM [Modified Simpson], HR [Modified Simpson]Measured by: R-R [2DCALIPER]

CI(Cube) [Dimension, Cube/Teicholz]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2D:TraceFormula: ((d-s)*{ECG/HeartRate}/60)/{BSA} where: s = {2D/LVIDs}^3 d = {LVIDd}^3Needs measurement: LVIDd [Dimension, Cube/Teicholz], LVIDs [Dimension, Cube/Teicholz], HR [Dimension,Cube/Teicholz]Measured by: R-R [2DCALIPER]





CI(Cube) [Generic, Dimension]Mode: MM:CM:AMM:CAMM:VRMMFormula: ((dv-sv)*{MM/HeartRate}/60)/{BSA} where: sv = {MM/LVIDs}^3 dv = {LVIDd}^3Needs measurement: LVIDd [Generic, Dimension], LVIDs [Generic, Dimension], HR [Generic, Dimension]Measured by: Heartrate [MMTIMECALIPER]

CI(Teich) [Dimension, Cube/Teicholz]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2D:TraceFormula: ((d-s)*{ECG/HeartRate}/60)/{BSA} where: s = 7/(2.4+{2D/LVIDs})*{2D/LVIDs}^3 d = 7/(2.4+{LVIDd})*{LVIDd}^3Needs measurement: LVIDd [Dimension, Cube/Teicholz], LVIDs [Dimension, Cube/Teicholz], HR [Dimension,Cube/Teicholz]Measured by: R-R [2DCALIPER]

CI(Teich) [Generic, Dimension]Mode: MM:CM:AMM:CAMM:VRMMFormula: ((dv-sv)*{MM/HeartRate}/60)/{BSA} where: sv = 7/(2.4+{MM/LVIDs})*{MM/LVIDs}^3 dv = 7/(2.4+{LVIDd})*{LVIDd}^3Needs measurement: LVIDd [Generic, Dimension], LVIDs [Generic, Dimension], HR [Generic, Dimension]Measured by: Heartrate [MMTIMECALIPER]

CO A-L A2C [Single Plane A2C, AutoBiplane]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2D:TraceFormula: ({LVEDV A-L A2C}-{LVESV A-L A2C})*{HR}/60Needs measurement: LVEDV A-L A2C [Single Plane A2C, AutoBiplane], LVESV A-L A2C [Single Plane A2C, AutoBiplane], HR [Single Plane A2C, AutoBiplane]Measured by: R-R [2DCALIPER], A2C [2DAUTOVOLUME]

CO A-L A2C [Single Plane A2C]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: ({LVEDV A-L A2C}-{LVESV A-L A2C})*{HR}/60Needs measurement: LVEDV A-L A2C [Single Plane A2C], LVESV A-L A2C [Single Plane A2C], HR [Single Plane A2C]Measured by: LVESV A2C [2DVOLUMETRACE]

CO A-L A4C [Single Plane A4C, AutoBiplane]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2D:TraceFormula: ({LVEDV A-L A4C}-{LVESV A-L A4C})*{HR}/60Needs measurement: LVEDV A-L A4C [Single Plane A4C, AutoBiplane], LVESV A-L A4C [Single Plane A4C, AutoBiplane], HR [Single Plane A4C, AutoBiplane]Measured by: R-R [2DCALIPER], A4C [2DAUTOVOLUME]

CO A-L A4C [Single Plane A4C]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: ({LVEDV A-L A4C}-{LVESV A-L A4C})*{HR}/60Needs measurement: LVEDV A-L A4C [Single Plane A4C], LVESV A-L A4C [Single Plane A4C], HR [Single Plane A4C]Measured by: LVESV A4C [2DVOLUMETRACE]





CO A-L LAX [Single Plane LAX, AutoBiplane]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2D:TraceFormula: ({LVEDV A-L LAX}-{LVESV A-L LAX})*{HR}/60Needs measurement: LVEDV A-L LAX [Single Plane LAX, AutoBiplane], LVESV A-L LAX [Single Plane LAX, AutoBiplane], HR [Single Plane LAX, AutoBiplane]Measured by: R-R [2DCALIPER], AutoVolume [2DAUTOVOLUME]

CO A-L LAX [Single Plane LAX]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: ({LVEDV A-L LAX}-{LVESV A-L LAX})*{HR}/60Needs measurement: LVEDV A-L LAX [Single Plane LAX], LVESV A-L LAX [Single Plane LAX], HR [Single Plane LAX]Measured by: LVESV LAX [2DVOLUMETRACE]

CO Biplane [Biplane]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2D:TraceFormula: d = biplane({LVLd A4C},{LVDisks},{LVLd A2C},{LVDisks})Needs measurement: LVLd A4C [Biplane], LVLd A2C [Biplane], LVLs A4C [Biplane], LVLs A2C [Biplane], HR[Biplane]Measured by: R-R [2DCALIPER]

CO bp el [Biplane Ellipse]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2D:TraceFormula: (d-s)*{ECG/HeartRate}/60 where: s = (8/(3*3.14159))*{LVAs(A4C)}*{LVAs(sax MV)}/{2D/LVIDs} d =(8/(3*3.14159))*{LVAd A4C}*{LVAd (sax MV)}/{LVIDd}Needs measurement: LVAd A4C [Biplane Ellipse], LVAd (sax MV) [Biplane Ellipse], LVIDd [Biplane Ellipse], LVAs A4C [Biplane Ellipse], LVAs sax MV [Biplane Ellipse], LVIDs [Biplane Ellipse], HR [Biplane Ellipse]Measured by: R-R [2DCALIPER]

CO bullet [Bullet]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2D:TraceFormula: (d-s)*{ECG/HeartRate}/60 where: s =5/6*{LVAs(sax)}*{LVLs(apical)} d = 5/6*{LVAd sax)}*{LVLd apical}Needs measurement: LVAd sax) [Bullet], LVLd apical [Bullet], LVLs apical [Bullet], HR [Bullet]Measured by: R-R [2DCALIPER]

CO MOD A2C [Single Plane A2C, AutoBiplane]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2D:TraceFormula: ({LVEDV MOD A2C}-{LVESV MOD A2C})*{HR}/60Needs measurement: LVEDV MOD A2C [Single Plane A2C, AutoBiplane], LVESV MOD A2C [Single Plane A2C, AutoBiplane], HR [Single Plane A2C, AutoBiplane]Measured by: R-R [2DCALIPER], A2C [2DAUTOVOLUME]

CO MOD A2C [Single Plane A2C]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: ({LVEDV MOD A2C}-{LVESV MOD A2C})*{HR}/60Needs measurement: LVEDV MOD A2C [Single Plane A2C], LVESV MOD A2C [Single Plane A2C], HR[Single Plane A2C]Measured by: LVESV A2C [2DVOLUMETRACE]





CO MOD A4C [Single Plane A4C, AutoBiplane]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2D:TraceFormula: ({LVEDV MOD A4C}-{LVESV MOD A4C})*{HR}/60Needs measurement: LVEDV MOD A4C [Single Plane A4C, AutoBiplane], LVESV MOD A4C [Single Plane, A4C, AutoBiplane], HR [Single Plane A4C, AutoBiplane]Measured by: R-R [2DCALIPER], A4C [2DAUTOVOLUME]

CO MOD A4C [Single Plane A4C]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: ({LVEDV MOD A4C}-{LVESV MOD A4C})*{HR}/60Needs measurement: LVEDV MOD A4C [Single Plane A4C], LVESV MOD A4C [Single Plane A4C], HR[Single Plane A4C]Measured by: LVESV A4C [2DVOLUMETRACE]

CO MOD LAX [Single Plane LAX, AutoBiplane]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2D:TraceFormula: ({LVEDV MOD LAX}-{LVESV MOD LAX})*{HR}/60Needs measurement: LVEDV MOD LAX [Single Plane LAX, AutoBiplane], LVESV MOD LAX [Single Plane LAX, AutoBiplane], HR [Single Plane LAX, AutoBiplane]Measured by: R-R [2DCALIPER], AutoVolume [2DAUTOVOLUME]

CO MOD LAX [Single Plane LAX]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: ({LVEDV MOD LAX}-{LVESV MOD LAX})*{HR}/60Needs measurement: LVEDV MOD LAX [Single Plane LAX], LVESV MOD LAX [Single Plane LAX], HR[SinglePlane LAX]Measured by: LVESV LAX [2DVOLUMETRACE]

CO mod sim [Modified Simpson]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2D:TraceFormula: (d-s)*{ECG/HeartRate}/60 where: s = ({LVLs(apical)}/9)*((4*{LVAs(sax MV)})+(2*{LVAs(sax d =({LVLd apical}/9)*((4*{LVAd (sax MV)})+(2*{LVAd sax PM})+sqrt({LVAd (sax MV)}*{LVAd sax PM}))Needs measurement: LVLd apical [Modified Simpson], LVAd (sax MV) [Modified Simpson], LVAd sax PM[Modified Simpson], LVLs apical [Modified Simpson], LVAs sax MV [Modified Simpson], LVAs sax PM[Modified Simpson], HR [Modified Simpson]Measured by: R-R [2DCALIPER]

CO(A-L) [Generic]Mode: 2D:CF:TraceFormula: ({EDV(A-L)}-{ESV(A-L)})*{HR}/60Needs measurement: ESV(A-L) [Generic], HR [Generic]Measured by: R-R [2DCALIPER]

CO(Cube) [Dimension, Cube/Teicholz]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2D:TraceFormula: (d-s)*{ECG/HeartRate}/60 where: s = {2D/LVIDs}^3 d = {LVIDd}^3Needs measurement: LVIDd [Dimension, Cube/Teicholz], LVIDs [Dimension, Cube/Teicholz], HR[Dimension,Cube/Teicholz]Measured by: R-R [2DCALIPER]





CO(Cube) [Generic, Dimension]Mode: MM:CM:AMM:CAMM:VRMMFormula: (dv-sv)*{MM/HeartRate}/60 where: sv = {MM/LVIDs}^3 dv = {LVIDd}^3Needs measurement: LVIDd [Generic, Dimension], LVIDs [Generic, Dimension], HR [Generic, Dimension]Measured by: Heartrate [MMTIMECALIPER]

CO(Teich) [Dimension, Cube/Teicholz]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2D:TraceFormula: (d-s)*{ECG/HeartRate}/60 where: s = 7/(2.4+{2D/LVIDs})*{2D/LVIDs}^3 d =7/(2.4+{LVIDd})*{LVIDd}^3Needs measurement: LVIDd [Dimension, Cube/Teicholz], LVIDs [Dimension, Cube/Teicholz], HR[Dimension,Cube/Teicholz]Measured by: R-R [2DCALIPER]

CO(Teich) [Generic, Dimension]Mode: MM:CM:AMM:CAMM:VRMMFormula: (dv-sv)*{MM/HeartRate}/60 where: sv = 7/(2.4+{MM/LVIDs})*{MM/LVIDs}^3 dv =7/(2.4+{LVIDd})*{LVIDd}^3Needs measurement: LVIDd [Generic, Dimension], LVIDs [Generic, Dimension], HR [Generic, Dimension]Measured by: Heartrate [MMTIMECALIPER]

EDV bp el [Biplane Ellipse]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: (8/(3*3.14159))*{LVAd A4C}*{LVAd (sax MV)}/{LVIDd}Needs measurement: LVAd A4C [Biplane Ellipse], LVAd (sax MV) [Biplane Ellipse], LVIDd [Biplane Ellipse]Measured by: LVEF BP-EL [AUTOCALC]

EDV bullet [Bullet]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: 5/6*{LVAd sax)}*{LVLd apical}Needs measurement: LVAd sax) [Bullet], LVLd apical [Bullet]Measured by: LVEF Bullet [AUTOCALC]

EDV mod sim [Modified Simpson]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: ({LVLd apical}/9)*((4*{LVAd (sax MV)})+(2*{LVAd sax PM})+sqrt({LVAd (sax MV)}*{LVAd sax PM}))Needs measurement: LVLd apical [Modified Simpson], LVAd (sax MV) [Modified Simpson], LVAd sax PM[Modified Simpson]Measured by: EF mod sim [AUTOCALC]

EDV(Cube) [Dimension, Cube/Teicholz]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: {LVIDd}^3Needs measurement: LVIDd [Dimension, Cube/Teicholz]Measured by: LVd [2DLV], LVIDd [2DCALIPER], EF(Cube) [AUTOCALC]





EDV(Cube) [Generic, Dimension]Mode: MM:CM:AMM:CAMM:VRMMFormula: {LVIDd}^3Needs measurement: LVIDd [Generic, Dimension]Measured by: LV Study [MMLV], LVIDd [MMDISCALIPER]

EDV(Teich) [Dimension, Cube/Teicholz]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: 7/(2.4+{LVIDd})*{LVIDd}^3Needs measurement: LVIDd [Dimension, Cube/Teicholz]Measured by: LVd [2DLV], LVIDd [2DCALIPER], EF(Cube) [AUTOCALC]

EDV(Teich) [Generic, Dimension]Mode: MM:CM:AMM:CAMM:VRMMFormula: 7/(2.4+{LVIDd})*{LVIDd}^3Needs measurement: LVIDd [Generic, Dimension]Measured by: LV Study [MMLV], LVIDd [MMDISCALIPER]

EF A-L A2C [Biplane, Single Plane A2C, AutoBiplane]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: ({LVEDV A-L A2C}-{LVESV A-L A2C})/{LVEDV A-L A2C}Needs measurement: LVEDV A-L A2C [Biplane, Single Plane A2C, AutoBiplane], LVESV A-L A2C [Biplane,Single Plane A2C, AutoBiplane]Measured by: EF SP A2C [AUTOCALC], LVESV A2C [2DVOLUMETRACE], A2C [2DAUTOVOLUME]

EF A-L A4C [Biplane, Single Plane A4C, AutoBiplane]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: ({LVEDV A-L A4C}-{LVESV A-L A4C})/{LVEDV A-L A4C}Needs measurement: LVEDV A-L A4C [Biplane, Single Plane A4C, AutoBiplane], LVESV A-L A4C [Biplane, Single Plane A4C, AutoBiplane]Measured by: EF SP A4C [AUTOCALC], LVESV A4C [2DVOLUMETRACE], A4C [2DAUTOVOLUME]

EF A-L LAX [Single Plane LAX, AutoBiplane]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: ({LVEDV A-L LAX}-{LVESV A-L LAX})/{LVEDV A-L LAX}Needs measurement: LVEDV A-L LAX [Single Plane LAX, AutoBiplane], LVESV A-L LAX [Single Plane LAX, AutoBiplane]Measured by: LVESV LAX [2DVOLUMETRACE], EF SP LAX [AUTOCALC], AutoVolume [2DAUTOVOLUME]

EF Biplane [Biplane, AutoBiplane]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: d = biplane({LVLd A4C},{LVDisks},{LVLd A2C},{LVDisks})Needs measurement: LVLd A4C [Biplane, AutoBiplane], LVLd A2C [Biplane, AutoBiplane], LVLs A4C [Biplane,AutoBiplane], LVLs A2C [Biplane, AutoBiplane]Measured by: EF Biplane [AUTOCALC]





EF mod sim [Modified Simpson]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: ({LVLd apical}/9)*((4*{LVAd (sax MV)})+(2*{LVAd sax PM})+sqrt({LVAd (sax MV)}*{LVAd sax PM}))Needs measurement: LVLd apical [Modified Simpson], LVAd (sax MV) [Modified Simpson], LVAd sax PM [Modified Simpson], LVLs apical [Modified Simpson], LVAs sax MV [Modified Simpson], LVAs sax PM [Modified Simpson]Measured by: EF mod sim [AUTOCALC]

EF(A-L) [Generic]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: ({EDV(A-L)}-{ESV(A-L)})/{EDV(A-L)}Needs measurement: ESV(A-L) [Generic], EDV(A-L) [Generic]Measured by: EF Volume [AUTOCALC]

EF(Cube) [Dimension, Cube/Teicholz]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: (d-s)/d where: s = {2D/LVIDs}^3 d = {LVIDd}^3Needs measurement: LVIDd [Dimension, Cube/Teicholz], LVIDs [Dimension, Cube/Teicholz]Measured by: LVs [2DLV], LVIDs [2DCALIPER], EF(Cube) [AUTOCALC]

EF(Cube) [Generic, Dimension]Mode: MM:CM:AMM:CAMM:VRMMFormula: (dv-sv)/dv where: sv = {MM/LVIDs}^3 dv = {LVIDd}^3Needs measurement: LVIDd [Generic, Dimension], LVIDs [Generic, Dimension]Measured by: LV Study [MMLV], LVIDs [MMDISCALIPER]

EF(MOD) [Generic]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: ({EDV(MOD)}-{ESV(MOD)})/{EDV(MOD)}Needs measurement: EDV(MOD) [Generic], ESV(MOD) [Generic]Measured by: EF Volume [AUTOCALC]

EF(Teich) [Dimension, Cube/Teicholz]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: (d-s)/d where:s = 7/(2.4+{2D/LVIDs})*{2D/LVIDs}^3 d = 7/(2.4+{LVIDd})*{LVIDd}^3Needs measurement: LVIDd [Dimension, Cube/Teicholz], LVIDs [Dimension, Cube/Teicholz]Measured by: LVs [2DLV], LVIDs [2DCALIPER], EF(Cube) [AUTOCALC]

EF(Teich) [Generic, Dimension]Mode: MM:CM:AMM:CAMM:VRMMFormula: (dv-sv)/dv where: sv = 7/(2.4+{MM/LVIDs})*{MM/LVIDs}^3 dv = 7/(2.4+{LVIDd})*{LVIDd}^3Needs measurement: LVIDd [Generic, Dimension], LVIDs [Generic, Dimension]Measured by: LV Study [MMLV], LVIDs [MMDISCALIPER]





ESV bp el [Biplane Ellipse]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: (8/(3*3.14159))*{LVAs A4C}*{LVAs sax MV}/{LVIDs}Needs measurement: LVAs A4C [Biplane Ellipse], LVAs sax MV [Biplane Ellipse], LVIDs [Biplane Ellipse]Measured by: LVEF BP-EL [AUTOCALC]

ESV bullet [Bullet]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: 5/6*{LVAs sax)}*{LVLs apical}Needs measurement: LVAs sax) [Bullet], LVLs apical [Bullet]Measured by: LVEF Bullet [AUTOCALC]

ESV mod sim [Modified Simpson]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: ({LVLs apical}/9)*((4*{LVAs sax MV})+(2*{LVAs sax PM})+sqrt({LVAs sax MV}*{LVAs sax PM}))Needs measurement: LVLs apical [Modified Simpson], LVAs sax MV [Modified Simpson], LVAs sax PM [Modified Simpson]Measured by: EF mod sim [AUTOCALC]

ESV(Cube) [Dimension, Cube/Teicholz]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: {LVIDs}^3Needs measurement: LVIDs [Dimension, Cube/Teicholz]Measured by: LVs [2DLV], LVIDs [2DCALIPER], EF(Cube) [AUTOCALC]

ESV(Cube) [Generic, Dimension]Mode: MM:CM:AMM:CAMM:VRMMFormula: {LVIDs}^3Needs measurement: LVIDs [Generic, Dimension]Measured by: LV Study [MMLV], LVIDs [MMDISCALIPER]

ESV(Teich) [Dimension, Cube/Teicholz]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: 7/(2.4+{LVIDs})*{LVIDs}^3Needs measurement: LVIDs [Dimension, Cube/Teicholz]Measured by: LVs [2DLV], LVIDs [2DCALIPER], EF(Cube) [AUTOCALC]

ESV(Teich) [Generic, Dimension]Mode: MM:CM:AMM:CAMM:VRMMFormula: 7/(2.4+{LVIDs})*{LVIDs}^3Needs measurement: LVIDs [Generic, Dimension]Measured by: LV Study [MMLV], LVIDs [MMDISCALIPER]





HR (Generic, Dimension, Biplane, Modified Simpson, Cube/Teicholz, Single Plane A4C, Single Plane A2C, Single Plane LAX, Bullet, Biplane Ellipse)Mode: 2D:CF:Trace:VR2DFormula: 60/{R-R}Needs measurement: R-R [Generic, Dimension, Biplane, Modified Simpson, Cube/Teicholz, Single Plane A4C, Single Plane A2C, Single Plane LAX, Bullet, Biplane Ellipse]Measured by: R-R [2DCALIPER]Used to calculate: CO(A-L),CO(Teich),CI(Teich),CO(Cube),CI(Cube),CO Biplane,CI Biplane,CO mod sim,CImod sim,CI A-L A4C,CO MOD A4C,CI MOD A4C,CI A-L A2C,CO A-L A2C,CI A-L A2C,CO MOD A2C,CI MOD A2C,CO A-L LAX,CI A-L LAX,CO MOD LAX,CI MOD LAX,CO bullet,CI bullet,CO bp el,CI bp el

HR [Generic, Dimension]Mode: MM:CM:AMM:CAMM:VRMMFormula: 60/{Time}Needs measurement: Time [Generic, Dimension]Measured by: Heartrate [MMTIMECALIPER]Used to calculate: CO(Cube),CO(Teich),CI(Teich),CI(Cube)

HR [Generic]Mode: CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: 60/{Time}Needs measurement: Time [Generic]Measured by: Heartrate [SDTIMECALIPER]

IVSd/LVPWd [Dimension]Mode: MM:CM:AMM:CAMM:VRMMFormula: {IVSd}/{LVPWd}Needs measurement: IVSd [Dimension], LVPWd [Dimension]Measured by: LVPWd [MMDISCALIPER]

LA/Ao [Generic, Dimension]Mode: MM:CM:AMM:CAMM:VRMMFormula: {LA Diam}/{Ao Diam}Needs measurement: LA Diam [Generic, Dimension], Ao Diam [Generic, Dimension]Measured by: LA/Ao [MMLAAO]

LIMP [Mitral Valve, Aortic]Mode: CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: ({MCO}-{AVET})/{AVET}Needs measurement: MCO [Mitral Valve, Aortic], AVET [Mitral Valve, Aortic]Measured by: LIMP [AUTOCALC]

LVCI Dopp [Aortic]Mode: PW:VRPWFormula: ({LVOT Diam}^2*0.785*{LVOT VTI}*{HR}/60)/{BSA}Needs measurement: LVOT Diam [Aortic], LVOT VTI [Aortic], HR [Aortic],Measured by: LVOT Trace [SDMANTRACE]





LVCO Dopp [Aortic]Mode: PW:VRPWFormula: {LVOT Diam}^2*0.785*{LVOT VTI}*{HR}/60Needs measurement: LVOT Diam [Aortic], LVOT VTI [Aortic], HR [Aortic]Measured by: LVOT Trace [SDMANTRACE]

LVd Mass (ASE) [Generic]Mode: MM:CM:AMM:CAMM:VRMMFormula: ((1.04*(({IVSd}+{LVIDd}+{LVPWd})^3-({LVIDd})^3))*0.8+0.6)/1000Needs measurement: IVSd [Generic], LVIDd [Generic], LVPWd [Generic]Measured by: LV Study [MMLV]

LVd Mass [Dimension]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: ((1.04*(({IVSd}+{LVIDd}+{LVPWd})^3-({LVIDd})^3))-13.6)/1000Needs measurement: IVSd [Dimension], LVIDd [Dimension], LVPWd [Dimension], LVIDd [Dimension]Measured by: LVPWd [2DCALIPER]

LVd Mass [Generic, Dimension]Mode: MM:CM:AMM:CAMM:VRMMFormula: ((1.04*(({IVSd}+{LVIDd}+{LVPWd})^3-({LVIDd})^3))-13.6)/1000Needs measurement: IVSd [Generic, Dimension], LVPWd [Generic, Dimension], LVIDd [Generic, Dimension]Measured by: LV Study [MMLV], LVPWs [MMDISCALIPER]

LVd Mass A-L [Mass]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: 1.05*5/6*({LVAd(sax epi)}*({LVLd(apical)}+t)-{LVAd(sax PM)}*{LVLd(apical)})/1000 where: t =sqrt({LVAd sax EPI}/3.14159)-sqrt({LVAd sax PM}/3.14159)Needs measurement: LVAd sax EPI [Mass], LVAd sax PM [Mass], LVLd apical [Mass]Measured by: LVMass(d) [AUTOCALC]

LVd Mass I A-L [Mass]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: m/{BSA} where: m = 1.05*5/6*({LVAd(sax epi)}*({LVLd(apical)}+t)-{LVAd(sax PM)}*{LVLd(apical)})/1000 t = sqrt({LVAd sax EPI}/3.14159)-sqrt({LVAd sax PM}/3.14159)Needs measurement: LVAd sax EPI [Mass], LVAd sax PM [Mass], LVLd apical [Mass]Measured by: LVMass(d) [AUTOCALC]

LVd Mass Ind (ASE) [Generic]Mode: MM:CM:AMM:CAMM:VRMMFormula: (((1.04*(({IVSd}+{LVIDd}+{LVPWd})^3-({LVIDd})^3))*0.8+0.6)/1000)/{BSA}Needs measurement: IVSd [Generic], LVIDd [Generic], LVPWd [Generic]Measured by: LV Study [MMLV]





LVd Mass Index [Dimension]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: m/{BSA} where m = ((1.04*(({IVSd}+{LVIDd}+{LVPWd})^3-({LVIDd})^3))-13.6)/1000Needs measurement: IVSd [Dimension], LVIDd [Dimension], LVPWd [Dimension], LVIDd [Dimension]Measured by: LVPWd [2DCALIPER]

LVd Mass Index [Generic, Dimension]Mode: MM:CM:AMM:CAMM:VRMMFormula: (((1.04*(({IVSd}+{LVIDd}+{LVPWd})^3-({LVIDd})^3))-13.6)/1000)/{BSA}Needs measurement: IVSd [Generic, Dimension], LVIDd [Generic, Dimension], LVPWd [Generic, Dimension]Measured by: LV Study [MMLV], LVPWs [MMDISCALIPER]

LVEDV MOD BP [Biplane, AutoBiplane]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: biplane({LVLd A4C},{LVDisks},{LVLd A2C},{LVDisks})Needs measurement: LVLd A4C [Biplane, AutoBiplane], LVLd A2C [Biplane, AutoBiplane]Measured by: EF Biplane [AUTOCALC]

LVEF BP-EL [Biplane Ellipse]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: (d-s)/d where: s = (8/(3*3.14159))*{LVAs(A4C)}*{LVAs(sax MV)}/{2D/LVIDs} d = (8/(3*3.14159))*{LVAd A4C}*{LVAd (sax MV)}/{LVIDd}Needs measurement: LVAd A4C [Biplane Ellipse], LVAd (sax MV) [Biplane Ellipse], LVIDd [Biplane Ellipse], LVAs A4C [Biplane Ellipse], LVAs sax MV [Biplane Ellipse], LVIDs [Biplane Ellipse]Measured by: LVEF BP-EL [AUTOCALC]

LVEF Bullet [Bullet]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: (d-s)/d where: s =5/6*{LVAs(sax)}*{LVLs(apical)} d = 5/6*{LVAd sax)}*{LVLd apical}Needs measurement: LVAd sax) [Bullet], LVLd apical [Bullet], LVLs apical [Bullet]Measured by: LVEF Bullet [AUTOCALC]

LVEF MOD A2C [Biplane, Single Plane A2C, AutoBiplane]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: ({LVEDV MOD A2C}-{LVESV MOD A2C})/{LVEDV MOD A2C}Needs measurement: LVEDV MOD A2C [Biplane, Single Plane A2C, AutoBiplane], LVESV MOD A2C [Biplane, Single Plane A2C, AutoBiplane]Measured by: EF SP A2C [AUTOCALC], LVESV A2C [2DVOLUMETRACE], A2C [2DAUTOVOLUME]

LVEF MOD A4C [Biplane, Single Plane A4C, AutoBiplane]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: ({LVEDV MOD A4C}-{LVESV MOD A4C})/{LVEDV MOD A4C}Needs measurement: LVEDV MOD A4C [Biplane, Single Plane A4C, AutoBiplane], LVESV MOD A4C [Biplane, Single Plane A4C, AutoBiplane]Measured by: EF SP A4C [AUTOCALC], LVESV A4C [2DVOLUMETRACE], A4C [2DAUTOVOLUME]





LVEF MOD LAX [Single Plane LAX, AutoBiplane]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: ({LVEDV MOD LAX}-{LVESV MOD LAX})/{LVEDV MOD LAX}Needs measurement: LVEDV MOD LAX [Single Plane LAX, AutoBiplane], LVESV MOD LAX [Single Plane LAX, AutoBiplane]Measured by: LVESV LAX [2DVOLUMETRACE], EF SP LAX [AUTOCALC], AutoVolume [2DAUTOVOLUME]

LVESV MOD BP [Biplane, AutoBiplane]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: biplane({LVLs A4C},{LVDisks},{LVLs A2C},{LVDisks})Needs measurement: LVLs A4C [Biplane, AutoBiplane], LVLs A2C [Biplane, AutoBiplane]Measured by: EF Biplane [AUTOCALC]

LVIDd Index [Dimension]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: {LVIDd}/{BSA}Needs measurement: LVIDd [Dimension],Measured by: LVIDd [2DCALIPER]

LVIDd Index [Dimension]Mode: MM:CM:AMM:CAMM:VRMMFormula: {LVIDd}/{BSA}Needs measurement: LVIDd [Dimension]Measured by: LVIDd [MMDISCALIPER]

LVIDs Index [Dimension]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: {LVIDs}/{BSA}Needs measurement: LVIDs [Dimension]Measured by: LVIDs [2DCALIPER]

LVIDs Index [Dimension]Mode: MM:CM:AMM:CAMM:VRMMFormula: {LVIDs}/{BSA}Needs measurement: LVIDs [Dimension]Measured by: LVIDs [MMDISCALIPER]

LVOT Area [Dimension]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: 3.14/4*{LVOT Diam}^2Needs measurement: LVOT Diam [Dimension]Measured by: LVOT Diam [2DCALIPER]

LVOT Diam [Aortic]Mode: CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: {LVOT Diam}Needs measurement: LVOT Diam [Aortic]Measured by: AP Area [SDMANTRACE]Used to calculate: AP Area





LVOT Diam [Mitral Valve]Mode: CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: {LVOT Diam}Needs measurement: LVOT Diam [Mitral Valve]Measured by: MP Area [SDMANTRACE]Used to calculate: MP Area

LVOT VTI [Aortic]Mode: CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: {LVOT VTI}Needs measurement: LVOT VTI [Aortic]Measured by: AP Area [SDMANTRACE]Used to calculate: AP Area

LVOT VTI [Mitral Valve]Mode: CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: {LVOT VTI}Needs measurement: LVOT VTI [Mitral Valve]Measured by: MP Area [SDMANTRACE]Used to calculate: MP Area

LVPEP/ET [Aortic]Mode: CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: {LVPEP}/{LVET}Needs measurement: LVPEP [Aortic], LVET [Aortic]Measured by: LVET [SDTIMECALIPER]

LVPEP/ET [Time]Mode: MM:CM:AMM:CAMM:VRMMFormula: {LVPEP}/{LVET}Needs measurement: LVPEP [Time], LVET [Time]Measured by: LVET [MMTIMECALIPER]

LVs Mass (ASE) [Generic]Mode: MM:CM:AMM:CAMM:VRMMFormula: ((1.04*(({IVSs}+{LVIDs}+{LVPWs})^3-({LVIDs})^3))*0.8+0.6)/1000Needs measurement: IVSs [Generic], LVIDs [Generic], LVPWs [Generic]Measured by: LV Study [MMLV]

LVs Mass [Dimension]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: ((1.04*(({IVSs}+{LVIDs}+{LVPWs})^3-({LVIDs})^3))-13.6)/1000Needs measurement: IVSs [Dimension], LVIDs [Dimension], LVPWs [Dimension]Measured by: LVPWs [2DCALIPER]

LVs Mass [Generic, Dimension]Mode: MM:CM:AMM:CAMM:VRMMFormula: ((1.04*(({IVSs}+{LVIDs}+{LVPWs})^3-({LVIDs})^3))-13.6)/1000Needs measurement: IVSs [Generic, Dimension], LVIDs [Generic, Dimension], LVPWs [Generic, Dimension]Measured by: LV Study [MMLV], LVPWs [MMDISCALIPER]





LVs Mass A-L [Mass]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: 1.05*5/6*({LVAs(sax epi)}*({LVLs(apical)}+t)-{LVAs(sax PM)}*{LVLs(apical)})/1000 where: t =sqrt({LVAs sax EPI}/3.14159)-sqrt({LVAs sax PM}/3.14159)Needs measurement: LVAs sax EPI [Mass], LVAs sax PM [Mass], LVLs apical [Mass]Measured by: LVMass(s) [AUTOCALC]

LVs Mass Ind (ASE) [Generic]Mode: MM:CM:AMM:CAMM:VRMMFormula: (((1.04*(({IVSs}+{LVIDs}+{LVPWs})^3-({LVIDs})^3))*0.8+0.6)/1000)/{BSA}Needs measurement: IVSs [Generic], LVIDs [Generic], LVPWs [Generic]Measured by: LV Study [MMLV]

LVs Mass Ind A-L [Mass]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: m/{BSA} where: m = 1.05*5/6*({LVAs(sax epi)}*({LVLs(apical)}+t)-{LVAs(sax PM)}*{LVLs(apical)})/1000 t = sqrt({LVAs sax EPI}/3.14159)-sqrt({LVAs sax PM}/3.14159)Needs measurement: LVAs sax EPI [Mass], LVAs sax PM [Mass], LVLs apical [Mass]Measured by: LVMass(s) [AUTOCALC]

LVs Mass Index [Dimension]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: m/{BSA} where: m = ((1.04*(({IVSs}+{LVIDs}+{LVPWs})^3-({LVIDs})^3))-13.6)/1000Needs measurement: IVSs [Dimension], LVIDs [Dimension], LVPWs [Dimension]Measured by: LVPWs [2DCALIPER]

LVs Mass Index [Generic, Dimension]Mode: MM:CM:AMM:CAMM:VRMMFormula: (((1.04*(({IVSs}+{LVIDs}+{LVPWs})^3-({LVIDs})^3))-13.6)/1000)/{BSA}Needs measurement: IVSs [Generic, Dimension], LVIDs [Generic, Dimension], LVPWs [Generic, Dimension]Measured by: LV Study [MMLV], LVPWs [MMDISCALIPER]

LVSI Dopp [Aortic]Mode: PW:VRPWFormula: {LVOT Diam}^2*0.785*{LVOT VTI}/{BSA}Needs measurement: LVOT Diam [Aortic], LVOT VTI [Aortic],Measured by: LVOT Trace [SDMANTRACE]

LVSV Dopp [Aortic]Mode: PW:VRPWFormula: {LVOT Diam}^2*0.785*{LVOT VTI}Needs measurement: LVOT Diam [Aortic], LVOT VTI [Aortic]Measured by: LVOT Trace [SDMANTRACE]





MP Area [Mitral Valve]Mode: CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: {LVOT Diam}^2*0.785*({LVOT VTI}/{MP VTI})Needs measurement: LVOT Diam [Mitral Valve], LVOT VTI [Mitral Valve], MP VTI [Mitral Valve]Measured by: MP Area [SDMANTRACE]

MR ERO [PISA]Mode: CF:CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: {MR Flow}/{MR Vmax}Needs measurement: MR Flow [PISA], MR Vmax [PISA]Measured by: MR Trace [AUTOCALC]

MR RV [PISA]Mode: CF:CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: {MR Flow}/{MR Vmax}*{MR VTI}Needs measurement: MR Flow [PISA], MR Vmax [PISA], MR VTI [PISA]Measured by: MR Trace [AUTOCALC]

MV AccT/DecT [Mitral Valve]Mode: CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: {MV AccT}/{MV DecT}Needs measurement: MV AccT [Mitral Valve], MV DecT [Mitral Valve]Measured by: MV AccT [SDCALIPER]

MV Area [Dimension]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: 3.14/4*{MV Ann Diam}^2Needs measurement: MV Ann Diam [Dimension]Measured by: MV Ann Diam [2DCALIPER]

MV CI [Mitral Valve]Mode: CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: {MV Ann Diam}^2*0.785*{MV VTI}*{HR}/60/{BSA}Needs measurement: MV Ann Diam [Mitral Valve], MV VTI [Mitral Valve], HR [Mitral Valve]Measured by: MV Trace [SDMANTRACE]

MV CO [Mitral Valve]Mode: CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: {MV Ann Diam}^2*0.785*{MV VTI}*{HR}/60Needs measurement: MV Ann Diam [Mitral Valve], MV VTI [Mitral Valve], HR [Mitral Valve]Measured by: MV Trace [SDMANTRACE]

MV E/A Ratio [Mitral Valve]Mode: CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: {MV E Vel}/{MV A Vel}Needs measurement: MV E Vel [Mitral Valve], MV A Vel [Mitral Valve]Measured by: MV A Vel [SDPTCALIPER], MV A Vel [AUTOCALC]

MV SI [Mitral Valve]Mode: CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: {MV Ann Diam}^2*0.785*{MV VTI}/{BSA}Needs measurement: MV Ann Diam [Mitral Valve], MV VTI [Mitral Valve],Measured by: MV Trace [SDMANTRACE]





MV SV [Mitral Valve]Mode: CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: {MV Ann Diam}^2*0.785*{MV VTI}Needs measurement: MV Ann Diam [Mitral Valve], MV VTI [Mitral Valve]Measured by: MV Trace [SDMANTRACE]

MVA (VTI) [Mitral Valve]Mode: 2D:CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: 3.14/4*{LVOT Diam}^2*{LVOT VTI}/{MV VTI}Needs measurement: LVOT Diam [Mitral Valve], LVOT VTI [Mitral Valve], MV VTI [Mitral Valve]Measured by: MV Trace [AUTOCALC]

MVA By PHT [Mitral Valve]Mode: CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: 22/({MV PHT})Needs measurement: MV PHT [Mitral Valve]Measured by: MV E/A Velocity [SDEA3], MV PHT [SDCALIPER]

P Vein S/D Ratio [Pulmonary Vein]Mode: PW:VRPWFormula: {P Vein S}/{P Vein D}Needs measurement: P Vein S [Pulmonary Vein], P Vein D [Pulmonary Vein]Measured by: P Vein D [SDPTCALIPER]

PAEDP [Pulmonic]Mode: CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: {PRend PG}+{RAP}Needs measurement: PRend PG [Pulmonic], RAP [Pulmonic]Measured by: PRend Vmax [AUTOCALC]

PR ERO [PISA]Mode: CF:CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: {PR Flow}/{PR Vmax}Needs measurement: PR Flow [PISA], PR Vmax [PISA]Measured by: PR Trace [AUTOCALC]

PR RV [PISA]Mode: CF:CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: {PR Flow}/{PR Vmax}*{PR VTI}Needs measurement: PR Flow [PISA], PR Vmax [PISA], PR VTI [PISA]Measured by: PR Trace [AUTOCALC]

Pulmonic CO [Shunts, Congenital Heart]Mode: CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: {Pulmonic SV}*{Pulmonic HR}/60Needs measurement: Pulmonic SV [Shunts, Congenital Heart], Pulmonic HR [Shunts, Congenital Heart]Measured by: Pulmonic VTI [SDMANTRACE]





Pulmonic SV [Shunts, Congenital Heart]Mode: CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: 3.14159/4*{Pulmonic Diam}^2*{Pulmonic VTI}Needs measurement: Pulmonic Diam [Shunts, Congenital Heart], Pulmonic VTI [Shunts, Congenital Heart]Measured by: Pulmonic VTI [SDMANTRACE], Pulmonic VTI [SDMANTRACE]Used to calculate: Pulmonic CO

PV A/MV A Dur [Pulmonary Vein]Mode: PW:VRPWFormula: {P Vein A Dur}/{MV A Dur}Needs measurement: P Vein A Dur [Pulmonary Vein], MV A Dur [Pulmonary Vein]Measured by: P Vein A Dur [SDTIMECALIPER]

PV A/MV VTI [Pulmonary Vein]Mode: PW:VRPWFormula: {P Vein A Dur}/{MV VTI}Needs measurement: P Vein A Dur [Pulmonary Vein], MV VTI [Pulmonary Vein]Measured by: P Vein A Dur [SDTIMECALIPER]

PV AccT/ET [Pulmonic]Mode: CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: {PV AccT}/{PVET}Needs measurement: PV AccT [Pulmonic], PVET [Pulmonic]Measured by: PVET [SDTIMECALIPER]

PV A-MV A Dur [Pulmonary Vein]Mode: PW:VRPWFormula: {P Vein A Dur}-{MV A Dur}Needs measurement: P Vein A Dur [Pulmonary Vein], MV A Dur [Pulmonary Vein]Measured by: P Vein A Dur [SDTIMECALIPER]

PV Area [Dimension]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: 3.14/4*{PV Ann Diam}^2Needs measurement: PV Ann Diam [Dimension]Measured by: PV Ann Diam [2DCALIPER]

PV CI [Pulmonic, Valvular PS]Mode: CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: (({PV Ann Diam}^2*0.785*{PV VTI})*{HR}/60)/{BSA}Needs measurement: PV Ann Diam [Pulmonic, Valvular PS], PV VTI [Pulmonic, Valvular PS], HR [Pulmonic, Valvular PS]Measured by: PV Trace [SDMANTRACE]

PV CO [Pulmonic, Valvular PS]Mode: CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: ({PV Ann Diam}^2*0.785*{PV VTI})*{HR}/60Needs measurement: PV Ann Diam [Pulmonic, Valvular PS], PV VTI [Pulmonic, Valvular PS], HR [Pulmonic, Valvular PS]Measured by: PV Trace [SDMANTRACE]





PV SI [Pulmonic, Valvular PS]Mode: CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: ({PV Ann Diam}^2*0.785*{PV VTI})/{BSA}Needs measurement: PV Ann Diam [Pulmonic, Valvular PS], PV VTI [Pulmonic, Valvular PS]Measured by: PV Trace [SDMANTRACE]

PV SV [Pulmonic, Valvular PS]Mode: CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: {PV Ann Diam}^2*0.785*{PV VTI}Needs measurement: PV Ann Diam [Pulmonic, Valvular PS], PV VTI [Pulmonic, Valvular PS]Measured by: PV Trace [SDMANTRACE]

PVA (Vmax) [Pulmonic]Mode: 2D:CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: 3.14/4*{RVOT Diam}^2*{RVOT Vmax}/{PV Vmax}Needs measurement: RVOT Diam [Pulmonic], RVOT Vmax [Pulmonic], PV Vmax [Pulmonic]Measured by: PV Vmax [AUTOCALC]

PVA (Vmax) [Pulmonic]Mode: 2D:CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: 3.14/4*{RVOT Diam}^2*{RVOT Vmax}/{PV Vmax}Needs measurement: RVOT Diam [Pulmonic], RVOT Vmax [Pulmonic], PV Vmax [Pulmonic]Measured by: PV Trace [AUTOCALC]

PVA (VTI) [Pulmonic]Mode: 2D:CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: 3.14/4*{RVOT Diam}^2*{RVOT VTI}/{PV VTI}Needs measurement: RVOT Diam [Pulmonic], RVOT VTI [Pulmonic], PV VTI [Pulmonic]Measured by: PV Trace [AUTOCALC]

Qp/Qs [Shunts, Congenital Heart]Mode: CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: 3.14159/4*{Pulmonic Diam}^2*{Pulmonic VTI}/(3.14159/4*{Systemic Diam}^2*{Systemic VTI})Needs measurement: Pulmonic Diam [Shunts, Congenital Heart], Pulmonic VTI [Shunts, Congenital Heart], Systemic Diam [Shunts, Congenital Heart], Systemic VTI [Shunts, Congenital Heart]Measured by: Qp/Qs [AUTOCALC]

RIMP [Pulmonic, Tricuspid Valve]Mode: CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: ({TCO}-{PVET})/{PVET}Needs measurement: TCO [Pulmonic, Tricuspid Valve], PVET [Pulmonic, Tricuspid Valve], PVET [Pulmonic, Tricuspid Valve]Measured by: RIMP [AUTOCALC]

RVOT Area [Dimension]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: 3.14/4*{RVOT Diam}^2Needs measurement: RVOT Diam [Dimension]Measured by: RVOT Diam [2DCALIPER]





RVOT CI [Pulmonic, Valvular PS]Mode: PW:VRPWFormula: (({RVOT Diam}^2*0.785*{RVOT VTI})*{HR}/60)/{BSA}Needs measurement: RVOT Diam [Pulmonic, Valvular PS], RVOT VTI [Pulmonic, Valvular PS], HR [Pulmonic, Valvular PS],Measured by: RVOT Trace [SDMANTRACE]

RVOT CO [Pulmonic, Valvular PS]Mode: PW:VRPWFormula: ({RVOT Diam}^2*0.785*{RVOT VTI})*{HR}/60Needs measurement: RVOT Diam [Pulmonic, Valvular PS], RVOT VTI [Pulmonic, Valvular PS], HR [Pulmonic, Valvular PS]Measured by: RVOT Trace [SDMANTRACE]

RVOT SI [Pulmonic, Valvular PS]Mode: PW:VRPWFormula: ({RVOT Diam}^2*0.785*{RVOT VTI})/{BSA}Needs measurement: RVOT Diam [Pulmonic, Valvular PS], RVOT VTI [Pulmonic, Valvular PS],Measured by: RVOT Trace [SDMANTRACE]

RVOT SV [Pulmonic, Valvular PS]Mode: PW:VRPWFormula: {RVOT Diam}^2*0.785*{RVOT VTI}Needs measurement: RVOT Diam [Pulmonic, Valvular PS], RVOT VTI [Pulmonic, Valvular PS]Measured by: RVOT Trace [SDMANTRACE]

RVPEP/ET [Pulmonic]Mode: CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: {RVPEP}/{RVET}Needs measurement: RVPEP [Pulmonic], RVET [Pulmonic]Measured by: RVET [SDTIMECALIPER]

RVPEP/ET [Time]Mode: MM:CM:AMM:CAMM:VRMMFormula: {RVPEP}/{RVET}Needs measurement: RVPEP [Time], RVET [Time]Measured by: RVET [MMTIMECALIPER]

RVSP [Tricuspid Valve]Mode: CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: {TR maxPG}+{RAP}Needs measurement: TR maxPG [Tricuspid Valve], RAP [Tricuspid Valve]Measured by: TR Vmax [AUTOCALC]

SI A-L A2C [Biplane, Single Plane A2C, AutoBiplane]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: ({LVEDV A-L A2C}-{LVESV A-L A2C})/{BSA}Needs measurement: LVEDV A-L A2C [Biplane, Single Plane A2C, AutoBiplane], LVESV A-L A2C [Biplane,Single Plane A2C, AutoBiplane]Measured by: EF SP A2C [AUTOCALC], LVESV A2C [2DVOLUMETRACE], A2C [2DAUTOVOLUME]





SI A-L A4C [Biplane, Single Plane A4C, AutoBiplane]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: ({LVEDV A-L A4C}-{LVESV A-L A4C})/{BSA}Needs measurement: LVEDV A-L A4C [Biplane, Single Plane A4C, AutoBiplane], LVESV A-L A4C [Biplane, Single Plane A4C, AutoBiplane]Measured by: EF SP A4C [AUTOCALC], LVESV A4C [2DVOLUMETRACE], A4C [2DAUTOVOLUME]

SI A-L LAX [Single Plane LAX, AutoBiplane]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: ({LVEDV A-L LAX}-{LVESV A-L LAX})/{BSA}Needs measurement: LVEDV A-L LAX [Single Plane LAX, AutoBiplane], LVESV A-L LAX [Single Plane LAX, AutoBiplane]Measured by: LVESV LAX [2DVOLUMETRACE], EF SP LAX [AUTOCALC], AutoVolume [2DAUTOVOLUME]

SI Biplane [Biplane, AutoBiplane]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: d = biplane({LVLd A4C},{LVDisks},{LVLd A2C},{LVDisks})Needs measurement: LVLd A4C [Biplane, AutoBiplane], LVLd A2C [Biplane, AutoBiplane], LVLs A4C [Biplane, AutoBiplane], LVLs A2C [Biplane, AutoBiplane]Measured by: EF Biplane [AUTOCALC]

SI bp el [Biplane Ellipse]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: (d-s)/{BSA} where: s = (8/(3*3.14159))*{LVAs(A4C)}*{LVAs(sax MV)}/{2D/LVIDs} d = (8/(3*3.14159))*{LVAd A4C}*{LVAd (sax MV)}/{LVIDd}Needs measurement: LVAd A4C [Biplane Ellipse], LVAd (sax MV) [Biplane Ellipse], LVIDd [Biplane Ellipse], LVAs A4C [Biplane Ellipse], LVAs sax MV [Biplane Ellipse], LVIDs [Biplane Ellipse]Measured by: LVEF BP-EL [AUTOCALC]

SI bullet [Bullet]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: (d-s)/{BSA} where: s =5/6*{LVAs(sax)}*{LVLs(apical)} d = 5/6*{LVAd sax)}*{LVLd apical}Needs measurement: LVAd sax) [Bullet], LVLd apical [Bullet], LVLs apical [Bullet],Measured by: LVEF Bullet [AUTOCALC]

SI MOD A2C [Biplane, Single Plane A2C, AutoBiplane]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: ({LVEDV MOD A2C}-{LVESV MOD A2C})/{BSA}Needs measurement: LVEDV MOD A2C [Biplane, Single Plane A2C, AutoBiplane], LVESV MOD A2C [Biplane, Single Plane A2C, AutoBiplane]Measured by: EF SP A2C [AUTOCALC], LVESV A2C [2DVOLUMETRACE], A2C [2DAUTOVOLUME]

SI MOD A4C [Biplane, Single Plane A4C, AutoBiplane]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: ({LVEDV MOD A4C}-{LVESV MOD A4C})/{BSA}Needs measurement: LVEDV MOD A4C [Biplane, Single Plane A4C, AutoBiplane], LVESV MOD A4C [Biplane, Single Plane A4C, AutoBiplane]Measured by: EF SP A4C [AUTOCALC], LVESV A4C [2DVOLUMETRACE], A4C [2DAUTOVOLUME]





SI MOD LAX [Single Plane LAX, AutoBiplane]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: ({LVEDV MOD LAX}-{LVESV MOD LAX})/{BSA}Needs measurement: LVEDV MOD LAX [Single Plane LAX, AutoBiplane], LVESV MOD LAX [Single Plane LAX, AutoBiplane]Measured by: LVESV LAX [2DVOLUMETRACE], EF SP LAX [AUTOCALC], AutoVolume [2DAUTOVOLUME]

SI mod sim [Modified Simpson]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: d-s/{BSA} where: s = ({LVLs(apical)}/9)*((4*{LVAs(sax MV)})+(2*{LVAs(sax PM)})+sqrt({LVAs(saxMV)}*{LVAs(sax PM)})) d = ({LVLd apical}/9)*((4*{LVAd (sax MV)})+(2*{LVAd sax PM})+sqrt({LVAd (saxMV)}*{LVAd sax PM}))Needs measurement: LVLd apical [Modified Simpson], LVAd (sax MV) [Modified Simpson], LVAd sax PM [Modified Simpson], LVLs apical [Modified Simpson], LVAs sax MV [Modified Simpson], LVAs sax PM [Modified Simpson]Measured by: EF mod sim [AUTOCALC]

SI(A-L) [Generic]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: ({EDV(A-L)}-{ESV(A-L)})/{BSA}Needs measurement: ESV(A-L) [Generic]Measured by: EF Volume [AUTOCALC]

SI(Cube) [Dimension, Cube/Teicholz]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: (d-s)/{BSA} where: s = {2D/LVIDs}^3 d = {LVIDd}^3Needs measurement: LVIDd [Dimension, Cube/Teicholz], LVIDs [Dimension, Cube/Teicholz]Measured by: LVs [2DLV], LVIDs [2DCALIPER], EF(Cube) [AUTOCALC]

SI(Cube) [Generic]Mode: MM:CM:AMM:CAMM:VRMMFormula: (dv-sv)/{BSA} where: sv = {MM/LVIDs}^3 dv = {LVIDd}^3Needs measurement: LVIDd [Generic], LVIDs [Generic],Measured by: LV Study [MMLV]

SI(MOD) [Generic]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: ({EDV(MOD)}-{ESV(MOD)})/{BSA}Needs measurement: EDV(MOD) [Generic], ESV(MOD) [Generic]Measured by: EF Volume [AUTOCALC]

SI(Teich) [Dimension, Cube/Teicholz]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: (d-s)/{BSA} s = 7/(2.4+{2D/LVIDs})*{2D/LVIDs}^3 d = 7/(2.4+{LVIDd})*{LVIDd}^3Needs measurement: LVIDd [Dimension, Cube/Teicholz], LVIDs [Dimension, Cube/Teicholz]Measured by: LVs [2DLV], LVIDs [2DCALIPER], EF(Cube) [AUTOCALC]





SI(Teich) [Generic]Mode: MM:CM:AMM:CAMM:VRMMFormula: (dv-sv)/{BSA} where: sv = 7/(2.4+{MM/LVIDs})*{MM/LVIDs}^3 dv = 7/(2.4+{LVIDd})*{LVIDd}^3Needs measurement: LVIDd [Generic], LVIDd [Generic], LVIDs [Generic]Measured by: LV Study [MMLV]

SV A-L A2C [Biplane, Single Plane A2C, AutoBiplane]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: {LVEDV A-L A2C}-{LVESV A-L A2C}Needs measurement: LVEDV A-L A2C [Biplane, Single Plane A2C, AutoBiplane], LVESV A-L A2C [Biplane, Single Plane A2C, AutoBiplane]Measured by: EF SP A2C [AUTOCALC], LVESV A2C [2DVOLUMETRACE], A2C [2DAUTOVOLUME]

SV A-L A4C [Biplane, Single Plane A4C, AutoBiplane]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: {LVEDV A-L A4C}-{LVESV A-L A4C}Needs measurement: LVEDV A-L A4C [Biplane, Single Plane A4C, AutoBiplane], LVESV A-L A4C [Biplane, Single Plane A4C, AutoBiplane]Measured by: EF SP A4C [AUTOCALC], LVESV A4C [2DVOLUMETRACE], A4C [2DAUTOVOLUME]

SV A-L LAX [Single Plane LAX, AutoBiplane]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: {LVEDV A-L LAX}-{LVESV A-L LAX}Needs measurement: LVEDV A-L LAX [Single Plane LAX, AutoBiplane], LVESV A-L LAX [Single Plane LAX, AutoBiplane]Measured by: LVESV LAX [2DVOLUMETRACE], EF SP LAX [AUTOCALC], AutoVolume [2DAUTOVOLUME]

SV Biplane [Biplane, AutoBiplane]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: d = biplane({LVLd A4C},{LVDisks},{LVLd A2C},{LVDisks})Needs measurement: LVLd A4C [Biplane, AutoBiplane], LVLd A2C [Biplane, AutoBiplane], LVLs A4C [Biplane, AutoBiplane], LVLs A2C [Biplane, AutoBiplane]Measured by: EF Biplane [AUTOCALC]

SV bp el [Biplane Ellipse]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: d = (8/(3*3.14159))*{LVAd A4C}*{LVAd (sax MV)}/{LVIDd}Needs measurement: LVAd A4C [Biplane Ellipse], LVAd (sax MV) [Biplane Ellipse], LVIDd [Biplane Ellipse], LVAs A4C [Biplane Ellipse], LVAs sax MV [Biplane Ellipse], LVIDs [Biplane Ellipse]Measured by: LVEF BP-EL [AUTOCALC]

SV bullet [Bullet]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: d-s where: s =5/6*{LVAs(sax)}*{LVLs(apical)} d = 5/6*{LVAd sax)}*{LVLd apical}Needs measurement: LVAd sax) [Bullet], LVLd apical [Bullet], LVLs apical [Bullet]Measured by: LVEF Bullet [AUTOCALC]





SV MOD A2C [Biplane, Single Plane A2C, AutoBiplane]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: {LVEDV MOD A2C}-{LVESV MOD A2C}Needs measurement: LVEDV MOD A2C [Biplane, Single Plane A2C, AutoBiplane], LVESV MOD A2C [Biplane, Single Plane A2C, AutoBiplane]Measured by: EF SP A2C [AUTOCALC], LVESV A2C [2DVOLUMETRACE], A2C [2DAUTOVOLUME]

SV MOD A4C [Biplane, Single Plane A4C, AutoBiplane]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: {LVEDV MOD A4C}-{LVESV MOD A4C}Needs measurement: LVEDV MOD A4C [Biplane, Single Plane A4C, AutoBiplane], LVESV MOD A4C [Biplane, Single Plane A4C, AutoBiplane]Measured by: EF SP A4C [AUTOCALC], LVESV A4C [2DVOLUMETRACE], A4C [2DAUTOVOLUME]

SV MOD LAX [Single Plane LAX, AutoBiplane]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: {LVEDV MOD LAX}-{LVESV MOD LAX}Needs measurement: LVEDV MOD LAX [Single Plane LAX, AutoBiplane], LVESV MOD LAX [Single Plane LAX, AutoBiplane]Measured by: LVESV LAX [2DVOLUMETRACE], EF SP LAX [AUTOCALC], AutoVolume [2DAUTOVOLUME]

SV mod sim [Modified Simpson]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: ({LVLd apical}/9)*((4*{LVAd (sax MV)})+(2*{LVAd sax PM})+sqrt({LVAd (sax MV)}*{LVAd sax PM}))Needs measurement: LVLd apical [Modified Simpson], LVAd (sax MV) [Modified Simpson], LVAd sax PM [Modified Simpson], LVLs apical [Modified Simpson], LVAs sax MV [Modified Simpson], LVAs sax PM [Modified Simpson]Measured by: EF mod sim [AUTOCALC]

SV(A-L) [Generic]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: {EDV(A-L)}-{ESV(A-L)}Needs measurement: ESV(A-L) [Generic]Measured by: EF Volume [AUTOCALC]

SV(Cube) [Dimension, Cube/Teicholz]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: d-s where: s = {2D/LVIDs}^3 d = {LVIDd}^3Needs measurement: LVIDd [Dimension, Cube/Teicholz], LVIDs [Dimension, Cube/Teicholz]Measured by: LVs [2DLV], LVIDs [2DCALIPER], EF(Cube) [AUTOCALC]

SV(Cube) [Generic, Dimension]Mode: MM:CM:AMM:CAMM:VRMMFormula: dv-sv where: sv = {MM/LVIDs}^3 dv = {LVIDd}^3Needs measurement: LVIDd [Generic, Dimension], LVIDs [Generic, Dimension]Measured by: LV Study [MMLV], LVIDs [MMDISCALIPER]





SV(MOD) [Generic]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: {EDV(MOD)}-{ESV(MOD)}Needs measurement: EDV(MOD) [Generic], ESV(MOD) [Generic]Measured by: EF Volume [AUTOCALC]

SV(Teich) [Dimension, Cube/Teicholz]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: d-s where: s = 7/(2.4+{2D/LVIDs})*{2D/LVIDs}^3 d = 7/(2.4+{LVIDd})*{LVIDd}^3Needs measurement: LVIDd [Dimension, Cube/Teicholz], LVIDs [Dimension, Cube/Teicholz]Measured by: LVs [2DLV], LVIDs [2DCALIPER], EF(Cube) [AUTOCALC]

SV(Teich) [Generic, Dimension]Mode: MM:CM:AMM:CAMM:VRMMFormula: dv-sv where: sv = 7/(2.4+{MM/LVIDs})*{MM/LVIDs}^3 dv = 7/(2.4+{LVIDd})*{LVIDd}^3Needs measurement: LVIDd [Generic, Dimension], LVIDs [Generic, Dimension]Measured by: LV Study [MMLV], LVIDs [MMDISCALIPER]

Systemic CO [Shunts, Congenital Heart]Mode: CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: {Systemic SV}*{Systemic HR}/60Needs measurement: Systemic SV [Shunts, Congenital Heart], Systemic HR [Shunts, Congenital Heart]Measured by: Systemic VTI [SDMANTRACE]

Systemic SV [Shunts, Congenital Heart]Mode: CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: 3.14159/4*{Systemic Diam}^2*{Systemic VTI}Needs measurement: Systemic Diam [Shunts, Congenital Heart], Systemic VTI [Shunts, Congenital Heart]Measured by: Systemic VTI [SDMANTRACE], Systemic VTI [SDMANTRACE]Used to calculate: Systemic CO

TR ERO [PISA]Mode: CF:CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: {TR Flow}/{TR Vmax}Needs measurement: TR Flow [PISA], TR Vmax [PISA]Measured by: TR Trace [AUTOCALC]

TR RV [PISA]Mode: CF:CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: {TR Flow}/{TR Vmax}*{TR VTI}Needs measurement: TR Flow [PISA], TR Vmax [PISA], TR VTI [PISA]Measured by: TR Trace [AUTOCALC]

TV AccT/DecT [Tricuspid Valve]Mode: CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: {TV AccT}/{TV Dec Time}Needs measurement: TV AccT [Tricuspid Valve], TV Dec Time [Tricuspid Valve]Measured by: TV AccT [SDCALIPER]





TV Area [Dimension]Mode: 2D:CF:VR2DFormula: 3.14/4*{TV Ann Diam}^2Needs measurement: TV Ann Diam [Dimension]Measured by: TV Ann Diam [2DCALIPER]

TV CI [Tricuspid Valve]Mode: CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: (({TV Ann Diam}^2*0.785*{TV VTI})*{HR}/60)/{BSA}Needs measurement: TV Ann Diam [Tricuspid Valve], TV VTI [Tricuspid Valve], HR [Tricuspid Valve]Measured by: TV Trace [SDMANTRACE]

TV CO [Tricuspid Valve]Mode: CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: ({TV Ann Diam}^2*0.785*{TV VTI})*{HR}/60Needs measurement: TV Ann Diam [Tricuspid Valve], TV VTI [Tricuspid Valve], HR [Tricuspid Valve]Measured by: TV Trace [SDMANTRACE]

TV E/A Ratio [Tricuspid Valve]Mode: CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: {TV E Vel}/{TV A Vel}Needs measurement: TV E Vel [Tricuspid Valve], TV A Vel [Tricuspid Valve]Measured by: TV A Vel [SDPTCALIPER]

TV SI [Tricuspid Valve]Mode: CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: ({TV Ann Diam}^2*0.785*{TV VTI})/{BSA}Needs measurement: TV Ann Diam [Tricuspid Valve], TV VTI [Tricuspid Valve]Measured by: TV Trace [SDMANTRACE]

TV SV [Tricuspid Valve]Mode: CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: {TV Ann Diam}^2*0.785*{TV VTI}Needs measurement: TV Ann Diam [Tricuspid Valve], TV VTI [Tricuspid Valve]Measured by: TV Trace [SDMANTRACE]

TVA (Vmax) [Tricuspid Valve]Mode: 2D:CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: 3.14/4*{RVOT Diam}^2*{RVOT Vmax}/{TV Vmax}Needs measurement: RVOT Diam [Tricuspid Valve], RVOT Vmax [Tricuspid Valve], TV Vmax [Tricuspid Valve]Measured by: TV Vmax [AUTOCALC]

TVA (Vmax) [Tricuspid Valve]Mode: 2D:CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: 3.14/4*{RVOT Diam}^2*{RVOT Vmax}/{TV Vmax}Needs measurement: RVOT Diam [Tricuspid Valve], RVOT Vmax [Tricuspid Valve], TV Vmax [Tricuspid Valve]Measured by: TV Trace [AUTOCALC]





TVA (VTI) [Tricuspid Valve]Mode: 2D:CW:PW:VRCW:VRPWFormula: 3.14/4*{RVOT Diam}^2*{RVOT VTI}/{TV VTI}Needs measurement: RVOT Diam [Tricuspid Valve], RVOT VTI [Tricuspid Valve], TV VTI [Tricuspid Valve]Measured by: TV Trace [AUTOCALC]

Vcf mean [Dimension]Mode: MM:CM:AMM:CAMM:VRMMFormula: ({LVIDd}-{LVIDs})/({LVIDd}*{LVET})Needs measurement: LVIDd [Dimension], LVIDs [Dimension], LVET [Dimension]Measured by: Vcf [MMTIMECALIPER]

Vcf mn (corr) [Dimension]Mode: MM:CM:AMM:CAMM:VRMMFormula: ({LVIDd}-{LVIDs})/({LVIDd}*({LVET}/sqrt({Time})))Needs measurement: LVIDd [Dimension], LVIDs [Dimension], LVET [Dimension], Time [Dimension]Measured by: Vcf [MMTIMECALIPER]




Chapter 3

OB Tables

Reference for Obstetric Measurement Tables.


OB Tables


OB Tables

ASUM

Table 3-1: AC: ASUM, Deler (Fetal Age)Unit: AC (mm); Age (Days); 2SD (Days)

AC Age 2SD AC Age 2SD AC Age 2SD AC Age 2SD

<35354657698092103114

n/a7077849198105112119

——88889999

126137149160171183194206217

126133140147154161168175182

101010101010121212

228240251263274285297308320

189196203210217224231238245

141414141416161818

331342354365377>377

252259266273280n/a

1818202020——

Table 3-2: BPD: ASUM, Aust NZ, Obstet Gynaecol 1989: 29:26 (Fetal Age)Unit: BPD (mm); Age (Week); 2SD (Week - * signifies No Data)

BPD Age 2SD BPD Age 2SD BPD Age 2SD BPD Age 2SD

<202021222324252627282930313233343536373839

n/a848688909294959799101103105107109111113115117119121

——44445555566667777888

404142434445464748495051525354555657585960

123126128130132134136139141143145147149152154157159161164166169

899999101010101111111112121212131313

616263646566676869707172737475767778798081

171173176178181183186188191193196199201204206209212214217220222

131314141414151515151616161617171717171818

8283848586878889909192939495969798>98

225228231234237240244247251255259264270276284292301n/a

18181900000000000000——


OB Tables


Berkowitz

Table 3-3: CRL: ASUM, Silva et al 1991.6 (Fetal Age)Unit: CRL (mm); Age (Days); 2SD (* No Data available)

CRL Age 2SD CRL Age 2SD CRL Age 2SD CRL Age 2SD

<223456789101112131415

n/a4243444546474849505152535455

——**************

161718192022232425262729303133

565758596061626364656667686970

***************

343637384041434546485051535557

717273747576777879808182838485

***************

58606264666870727476788082>82

86878889909192939495969798n/a

*************——

Table 3-4: BD: Berkowitz (Fetal Age)Unit: BD (mm); Age (Day); SD (mm)

BD Age SD BD Age SD BD Age SD BD Age SD

<13131415161718192021222324

n/a8182848688919598102105109110

——000000000000

25262728293031323334353637

112116120124128130132135138142145149152

0000000000000

38394041424344454647484950

155159162166169173179185191197202207212

0000000000000

515253545556575859>59

217223230237244251258266275n/a

000000000——


OB Tables


Brenner

Campbell

Table 3-5: EFW: Brenner (Fetal Growth)GP, Table/Graph Range = 10%: 90%

Age (Weeks); Mini/Mean/Max (grams)

Age Min Mean Max Age Min Mean Max

21.022.023.024.025.026.027.028.029.030.031.032.0

280320370420490570660770890103011801310

41048055064074086099011501310146016301810

860920990108011801320147016601890210022902500

33.034.035.036.037.038.039.040.041.042.043.044.0

148016701870219023102510268027502800283028402790

201022202430265028703030317032803360341034203390

269028803090329034703610375038703980406041004110

Table 3-6: HC/AC Ratio: Campbell, Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1977, 84:165-174 (Fetal Growth)

Unit: GA (Weeks); Min/Max (Index)

GA Min Max GA Min Max GA Min Max

<131315171921

n/a1.141.051.071.091.06

——1.311.391.291.261.25

232527293133

1.051.041.050.990.960.96

1.211.221.221.211.171.11

35373941>42

0.930.920.870.93n/a

1.111.051.061.00n/a


OB Tables


Eriksen

Table 3-7: TAD: Eriksen (Fetal Age)Unit: TAD (mm); Age (Day); SD (mm)

TAD Age SD TAD Age SD TAD Age SD TAD Age SD

<2323242526272829303132333435363738394041424344

n/a9193959799101103105107109111113115117119120122124126128130132

——0000000000000000000000

4546474849505152535455565758596061626364656667

134136138140142144146148150152154156158161163165167169171173175177179

00000000000000000000000

6869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990

182184186188190192195197199201203206208210212214217219221223225228230

00000000000000000000000

919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112>112

232234236239241243245247250252254256259261263266268270273275277280n/a

0000000000000000000000——


OB Tables


Goldstein

Table 3-8: TCD: Goldstein et a, Am J OB/GYN, May 1987 (Fetal Growth)Unit: TCD (Weeks); Age/Quat1/Mean/Quat3/Max (mm)

Age Min Quat1 Mean Quat3 Max

15161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839

10141617181819212222232526272931323332333136374052

1216171818192023232421.52828.5303232353636383729374052

141617181920222324252829303134353838404040.5434548.552

15161819192023242527283031323637394043414352525255

16171819222224242628293232343840434244444755555555


OB Tables


Hadlock

Table 3-9: AC: Hadlock, Radiology 1984, Vol. 152:497 (Fetal Age)Unit: AC (mm); Age (Week); SD (Week)

AC Age SD AC Age SD AC Age SD AC Age SD

<5050556065707580859095100105110115120123124125130

n/a12.012.412.813.213.614.014.414.815.215.616.016.416.917.317.717.918.018.118.5

——± 1.7± 1.7± 1.7± 1.7± 1.7± 1.7± 1.7± 1.7± 1.7± 1.7± 1.7± 1.7± 1.7± 1.7± 1.7± 1.7± 2.1± 2.1± 2.1

135140145150155160165170175180185190192193195200205210215220

19.019.419.820.220.721.121.522.022.422.923.323.723.924.024.224.625.125.526.026.4

± 2.1± 2.1± 2.1± 2.1± 2.1± 2.1± 2.1± 2.1± 2.1± 2.1± 2.1± 2.1± 2.1± 2.2± 2.2± 2.2± 2.2± 2.2± 2.2± 2.2

225230235240245250255258259260265270275280285290295300305310

26.927.427.828.328.729.229.730.030.130.230.631.131.632.032.533.033.534.034.534.9

± 2.2± 2.2± 2.2± 2.2± 2.2± 2.2± 2.2± 2.2± 3.0± 3.0± 3.0± 3.0± 3.0± 3.0± 3.0± 3.0± 3.0± 3.0± 3.0± 3.0

315320321325330335340345350355360365370375380385>385

35.435.936.036.436.937.437.938.438.939.439.940.440.941.442.042.5n/a

± 3.0± 3.0± 3.1± 3.1± 3.1± 3.1± 3.1± 3.1± 3.1± 3.1± 3.1± 3.1± 3.1± 3.1± 3.1± 3.1——

Table 3-10: AC: Hadlock, AJR; 139: 367-370; 1982 (Fetal Age)Unit: AC (mm); Age (Days); SD (Days)


<474753606774808793100106113119126132

n/a8487919498101105106112115119122126129

——1313131313131313131313131314

138144151157163174180186192197203208214219225

133136140143147154157161164168171175178182185

141414141414141414141515151515

230235241246251256261266271276281286291296300

189192196199203206210213217220224227231234238

151515151515152121212121212121

305310314319323328332337341344349353>353

241245248252255259262266269273276280n/a

212121211818181818181818——


OB Tables


Table 3-11: BPD: Hadlock, Radiology 1984, Vol. 152:497a (Fetal Age)Unit: BPD (mm); Age (Week); SD (Week)

BPD Age SD BPD Age SD BPD Age SD BPD Age SD

<1414151617181920212223242526272829303132333435

n/a11.912.112.312.512.813.013.213.413.613.814.114.314.514.815.015.215.515.716.016.316.516.8

——± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2

3637383940414243444546474849505152535455565758

17.017.317.617.918.118.418.719.019.319.619.920.220.520.821.121.521.822.122.422.823.123.423.8

± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2± 1.7± 1.7± 1.7± 1.7± 1.7± 1.7± 1.7± 1.7± 1.7± 1.7± 1.7± 1.7± 1.7± 1.7± 1.7± 1.7± 1.7± 1.7± 1.7

5960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081

24.124.524.825.225.525.926.326.627.027.427.728.128.528.929.329.730.130.530.931.331.732.132.5

± 2.2± 2.2± 2.2± 2.2± 2.2± 2.2± 2.2± 2.2± 2.2± 2.2± 2.2± 2.2± 2.2± 2.2± 2.2± 2.2± 3.1± 3.1± 3.1± 3.1± 3.1± 3.1± 3.1

828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103>103

33.033.433.834.234.735.135.636.036.536.937.437.838.338.739.239.740.240.641.141.642.142.6n/a

± 3.1± 3.1± 3.1± 3.1± 3.1± 3.1± 3.1± 3.2± 3.2± 3.2± 3.2± 3.2± 3.2± 3.2± 3.2± 3.2± 3.2± 3.2± 3.2± 3.2± 3.2± 3.2——

a.Variability of GA estimate by BPD at term is ± 2 SD (6 weeks)

Table 3-12: BPD: Hadlock, J Ultrasound Med 1:97-104, April 1982 (Fetal Age)Unit: BPD (mm); Age (Days); SD (Days)


<202021222324252627282930313233343536373839

n/a8588909293959799102103105107109111113116118120122124

——66666666666666666666

404142434445464748495051525354555657585960

126128130132134137139141144146148151153155158160162163167169172

1010101010101010101010101010101010101099

616263646566676869707172737475767778798081

175177180183185188190193196198201204207209213216218221224228230

9999999999999914141414141414

828384858687888990919293949596979899100>100

233237239243246249253256259263266270272276279284287291294n/a

14141414141425252525252525252525252525——


OB Tables


Table 3-13: CI: Hadlock, AJR, 137: 83, 1981 (Fetal Growth)

Min (Index) Max (Index)

70 86

Table 3-14: CRL: Hadlock, Radiology 1992, Vol. 182:501 (Fetal Age)Unit: CRL (mm); Age (Week); SD (Week)

CRL Age SD CRL Age SD CRL Age SD CRL Age SD

<22345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031

n/a5.75.96.16.26.46.66.76.97.17.27.47.57.77.98.08.18.38.48.68.78.99.09.19.29.49.59.69.79.910.0

——± 0.3± 0.3± 0.3± 0.3± 0.3± 0.3± 0.3± 0.3± 0.3± 0.3± 0.3± 0.3± 0.3± 0.4± 0.4± 0.4± 0.4± 0.4± 0.4± 0.4± 0.4± 0.4± 0.4± 0.4± 0.4± 0.4± 0.4± 0.4± 0.4± 0.4

32333435363738394041424344454647484950515253545556575859606162

10.110.210.310.410.510.610.710.810.911.011.111.211.211.311.411.511.611.711.711.811.912.012.012.112.212.312.312.412.512.612.6

± 0.5± 0.5± 0.5± 0.5± 0.5± 0.5± 0.5± 0.5± 0.5± 0.5± 0.5± 0.5± 0.5± 0.5± 0.5± 0.5± 0.5± 0.5± 0.5± 0.5± 0.5± 0.5± 0.5± 0.5± 0.5± 0.5± 0.5± 0.6± 0.6± 0.6± 0.6

63646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293

12.712.812.812.913.013.113.113.213.313.413.413.513.613.713.813.813.914.014.114.214.214.314.414.514.614.714.814.915.015.115.2

± 0.6± 0.6± 0.6± 0.6± 0.6± 0.6± 0.6± 0.6± 0.6± 0.6± 0.6± 0.6± 0.6± 0.6± 0.6± 0.6± 0.6± 0.6± 0.6± 0.6± 0.6± 0.6± 0.6± 0.6± 0.6± 0.7± 0.7± 0.7± 0.7± 0.7± 0.7

949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121>121

15.315.315.415.515.615.715.916.016.116.216.316.416.516.616.716.816.917.017.117.217.317.417.517.617.717.817.918.0n/a

± 0.7± 0.7± 0.7± 0.7± 0.7± 0.7± 0.7± 0.7± 0.7± 0.7± 0.7± 0.7± 0.7± 0.7± 0.7± 0.7± 0.8± 0.8± 0.8± 0.8± 0.8± 0.8± 0.8± 0.8± 0.8± 0.8± 0.8± 0.8——


OB Tables


Table 3-15: EFW: Hadlock (Fetal Age)Unit: EFW (grams); Mean (Weeks); SD (grams)

EFW Mean SD EFW Mean SD EFW Mean SD

<353545587393117146181223273331

n/a1011121314151617181920

——467912151923283542

399478568670785913105512101379155917511953

212223242526272829303132

51617285101116134154175198222248

216223772595281330283236343536193787>3787

333435363738394041n/a

275302330357385411436460481——

Table 3-16: FL: Hadlock, Radiology 1984, Vol. 152:497 (Fetal Age)Unit: FL (mm); Age (Week); SD (Week)

FL Age SD FL Age SD FL Age SD FL Age SD

<66789101112131415161718192021222324

n/a11.912.212.412.713.013.313.513.814.114.414.715.015.315.616.016.316.616.917.2

——± 1.4± 1.4± 1.4± 1.4± 1.4± 1.4± 1.4± 1.4± 1.4± 1.4± 1.4± 1.4± 1.4± 1.4± 1.4± 1.4± 1.4± 1.4± 1.4

2526272829303132333435363738394041424344

17.617.918.218.618.919.319.620.020.320.721.021.421.822.222.522.923.323.724.124.5

± 1.4± 1.4± 1.8± 1.8± 1.8± 1.8± 1.8± 1.8± 1.8± 1.8± 1.8± 1.8± 1.8± 1.8± 1.8± 1.8± 1.8± 1.8± 2.1± 2.1

4546474849505152535455565758596061626364

24.925.325.726.126.526.927.327.728.228.629.029.529.930.330.831.231.732.132.633.1

± 2.1± 2.1± 2.1± 2.1± 2.1± 2.1± 2.1± 2.1± 2.1± 2.1± 2.1± 2.1± 2.1± 3.0± 3.0± 3.0± 3.0± 3.0± 3.0± 3.0

65666768697071727374757677787980818283>83

33.534.034.534.935.435.936.436.937.437.938.438.939.439.940.440.941.442.042.5n/a

± 3.0± 3.0± 3.0± 3.0± 3.0± 3.0± 3.1± 3.1± 3.1± 3.1± 3.1± 3.1± 3.1± 3.1± 3.1± 3.1± 3.1± 3.1± 3.1——


OB Tables


Table 3-17: FL: Hadlock, AJR 138: 875-878, May 1982 (Fetal Age)Unit: FL (mm); Age (Days); SD (Days)


<101011121314151617181920212223242526

n/a909294959799101104106108110112114116118120123

——66666666666666666

272829303132333435363738394041424344

125127130132134137139142145147150153155157160163166169

6666666666666666610

454647484950515253545556575859606162

171174177180183185189192195197201204207210213216220223

101010101010101010101010101010101010

6364656667686970717273747576777879>79

226230233237239243246250253257260264268272275279283n/a

1010101010101010111111111111111111——

Table 3-18: HC: Hadlock, Radiology 1984, Vol. 152:497 (Fetal Age)Unit: HC (mm); Age (Week); SD (Week)

HC Age SD HC Age SD HC Age SD HC Age SD

<55556065707580859095100105110115120125130

n/a12.012.312.612.813.113.413.714.014.314.715.015.315.616.016.316.6

——± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2

135140145149150155160165170175180185190195200205210

17.017.317.718.018.118.418.819.219.620.020.420.821.321.722.222.623.1

± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2± 1.5± 1.5± 1.5± 1.5± 1.5± 1.5± 1.5± 1.5± 1.5± 1.5± 1.5± 1.5± 1.5

215219220225230235240245250255260265270274275280285

23.623.924.024.525.025.526.126.627.127.728.328.929.429.930.030.731.3

± 1.5± 1.5± 2.1± 2.1± 2.1± 2.1± 2.1± 2.1± 2.1± 2.1± 2.1± 2.1± 2.1± 2.1± 3.0± 3.0± 3.0

290295300305310315319320325330335340345350355360>360

31.932.633.333.934.635.335.936.136.837.638.339.139.940.741.642.4n/a

± 3.0± 3.0± 3.0± 3.0± 3.0± 3.0± 3.0± 2.7± 2.7± 2.7± 2.7± 2.7± 2.7± 2.7± 2.7± 2.7——


OB Tables


Table 3-19: HC: Hadlock, AJR 138: 649-653, 1982 (Fetal Age)Unit: HC (mm); Age (Days); SD (Days)

HC Age SD HC Age SD HC Age SD HC Age SD

<696975818896103110117124131137144150157163

n/a8487919498101105108112115119122126129133

——99999999999991111

169175181187193198204209215220225230240245250255

136140143147150154157161164168171175182185189192

11111111111111111111161616161616

260264269273278282286291294298302306309312316319

196199203206210213217220224227231234238241245248

16161616161919191919191919191919

322325328331334337340343345348351353354>354

252255259262266269273276280286287290294n/a

19242424242424242424242424——

Table 3-20: FL/HC Ratio: Hadlock, J Ultrasound Med 1984, 3: 439-442 (Fetal Growth)Unit: GA (Weeks)

GA Min Max GA Min Max GA Min Max

<15151617181920212223

n/a15.313.314.615.816.116.815.918.419.2

——17.116.517.618.018.319.820.320.220.8

24252627282930313233

18.718.718.618.618.819.619.219.319.119.9

20.920.320.420.420.620.821.421.321.321.5

343536373839404142>42

19.420.120.120.820.920.620.721.620.1n/a

21.822.322.122.622.723.422.523.223.9n/a

Table 3-21: FL/AC Ratio: Hadlock (Fetal Growth)Unit: Age (Weeks)

Age Min (Index) Max (Index)

2142

2020

2424


OB Tables


Hansmann

Table 3-22: AC: Hansmann (Fetal Age)(Hansmann:M & Al:Geburtsh, u, Frauenheilk 39:656, 1979)

Unit: AC (mm); Age (Weeks/Days); SD (mm)


<535354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899

n/a11w1d11w2d11w2d11w3d11w3d11w4d11w4d11w5d11w6d12w0d12w1d12w2d12w2d12w3d12w3d12w4d12w5d12w5d12w6d12w6d13w0d13w0d13w1d13w2d13w2d13w3d13w3d13w4d13w4d13w5d13w6d14w0d14w1d14w2d14w2d14w3d14w3d14w4d14w5d14w5d14w6d14w6d15w0d15w0d15w1d15w2d15w2d

——00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147

15w3d15w4d15w5d15w5d15w6d16w0d16w0d16w1d16w2d16w3d16w3d16w4d16w5d16w6d16w6d17w0d17w1d17w2d17w2d17w3d17w3d17w4d17w4d17w5d17w6d18w0d18w1d18w2d18w3d18w3d18w4d18w5d18w6d18w6d19w0d19w1d19w2d19w2d19w3d19w3d19w4d19w4d19w5d19w6d20w0d20w1d20w2d20w2d

000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

148149150151152153154155156157158159160161162163164165166167168169170171172173174175176177178179180181182183184185186187188189190191192193194195


000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

196197198199200201202203204205206207208209210211212213214215216217218219220221222223224225226227228229230231232233234235236237238239240241242243


000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000


OB Tables


244245246247248249250251252253254255256257258259260261262263

30w4d30w5d30w6d30w6d31w0d31w1d31w2d31w3d31w3d31w4d31w5d31w6d31w6d32w0d32w1d32w2d32w2d32w3d32w3d32w4d

00000000000000000000

264265266267268269270271272273274275276277278279280281282283


00000000000000000000

284285286287288289290291292293294295296297298299300301302303


00000000000000000000

304305306307308309310311312313314315316317318319320>320

36w6d37w0d37w1d37w2d37w3d37w3d37w4d37w5d37w6d37w6d38w0d38w1d38w2d38w4d38w5d39w0d39w1dn/a

00000000000000000——

Table 3-22: AC: Hansmann (Fetal Age)(Hansmann:M & Al:Geburtsh, u, Frauenheilk 39:656, 1979) (Continued)

Unit: AC (mm); Age (Weeks/Days); SD (mm)



OB Tables


Table 3-23: BPD: Hansmann (Fetal Age)Ultrasound Diagnosis in Obstetrics & Gynecology, 438-439, 1985

Known LMP (left)—Unknown LMP (right)Unit: BPD (mm); Age (Weeks/Days); 2SD (mm [Known LMP] or day [Unknown LMP])


<1414151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344454647484950515253545556575859

n/a10w0d10w1d10w2d10w5d10w6d11w1d11w3d11w5d12w0d12w2d12w4d12w6d13w1d13w2d13w4d13w6d14w1d14w3d14w4d14w6d15w2d15w4d15w6d16w1d16w3d16w5d17w0d17w2d17w4d17w6d18w1d18w3d18w5d19w0d19w2d19w4d19w6d20w1d20w3d20w6d21w1d21w2d21w4d21w6d22w2d22w4d

——0000000000555544444444444444444444555555555555

60616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101>101

22w6d23w1d23w4d23w6d24w1d24w4d24w6d25w1d25w3d25w5d26w1d26w3d26w6d27w1d27w3d27w6d28w1d28w4d28w6d29w2d29w5d30w0d30w3d30w5d31w2d31w5d32w1d32w4d33w0d33w3d33w6d34w3d34w6d35w3d36w0d36w3d37w1d37w6d38w4d39w3d40w3d41w3dn/a

555566666666666666666666666677777777777777——

<1414151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344454647484950515253545556575859

n/a9w1d9w3d9w5d10w0d10w2d10w4d10w6d11w1d11w3d11w5d12w0d12w2d12w4d12w6d13w1d13w3d13w5d14w0d14w2d14w4d15w0d15w2d15w4d16w0d16w2d16w4d17w0d17w2d17w4d17w6d18w1d18w4d18w6d19w1d19w3d19w5d20w0d20w3d20w5d21w0d21w3d21w5d22w0d22w2d22w5d23w0d

——77777777777777787889989899999999910101010101011101099910

60616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105>105

23w2d23w4d24w0d24w2d24w4d24w6d25w1d25w3d25w6d26w1d26w3d26w5d27w1d27w3d27w6d28w1d28w4d28w6d29w2d29w5d30w0d30w3d31w0d31w2d31w6d32w2d32w5d33w2d33w5d34w2d34w5d35w1d35w6d36w5d37w3d38w3d38w6d39w0d39w2d39w3d39w4d39w5d39w6d40w0d40w1d40w2dn/a

10101010101011121010101211131212131315161515151617171820191919252421192225222022202019191917——


OB Tables


Table 3-24: CRL: Hansmann (Fetal Age) Ultrasound Diagnosis in Obstetrics & Gynecology, 438-439, 1985

Unit: CRL (mm); Age (Weeks/Days); 2SD (mm [Known LMP] or day [Unknown LMP])


Known LMP

<131314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344454647484950515253

n/a7w4d7w5d8w0d8w1d8w2d8w3d8w4d8w5d8w6d9w0d9w1d9w2d9w3d9w4d9w4d9w5d9w6d10w0d10w0d10w1d10w2d10w3d10w3d10w4d10w5d10w5d10w6d10w6d11w0d11w1d11w1d11w2d11w2d11w3d11w3d11w4d11w4d11w5d11w5d11w6d11w6d

——000000778810101111111111121212121213131313131314141414141415151515151515

545556575859606162636465666768697071727374757677787980818283848586878889909192939495

12w0d12w1d12w1d12w2d12w2d12w3d12w3d12w4d12w4d12w5d12w5d12w6d12w6d13w0d13w1d13w1d13w2d13w3d13w3d13w4d13w4d13w5d13w5d13w6d13w6d14w0d14w0d14w1d14w1d14w2d14w2d14w3d14w3d14w4d14w4d14w5d14w6d14w6d15w0d15w0d15w1d15w2d

151616161616161515151515151515151515151515151515151515131313131313131313131212121212

96979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137

15w3d15w3d15w4d15w4d15w5d15w5d15w6d15w6d16w0d16w1d16w2d16w2d16w3d16w3d16w4d16w4d16w5d16w5d16w6d17w0d17w1d17w2d17w2d17w3d17w3d17w4d17w5d17w5d17w6d18w0d18w1d18w1d18w2d18w2d18w3d18w4d18w4d18w5d18w6d19w0d19w1d19w1d

111111111110101010101010101010111111111112121212121313131313141414141515151515151515

138139140141142143144145146147148149150151152153154155156157158159160161162163164165166167168169170171172173174175>175

19w2d19w3d19w4d19w4d19w5d19w5d19w6d20w0d20w1d20w2d20w2d20w3d20w4d20w4d20w5d20w5d20w6d21w0d21w0d21w1d21w1d21w2d21w3d21w3d21w4d21w4d21w5d21w6d21w6d22w0d22w0d22w1d22w1d22w2d22w2d22w3d22w3d22w4dn/a

151515161616161617171717170000000000000000000000000——


OB Tables


Unknown LMP

<66789101112131415161718192021

n/a6w1d6w2d6w4d6w6d7w0d7w2d7w3d7w4d7w6d8w0d8w2d8w3d8w4d8w5d8w6d9w0d

——7777777777777777

2223242628303234363840424446485052

9w1d9w2d9w3d9w5d10w0d10w2d10w3d10w5d10w6d11w1d11w2d11w3d11w4d11w6d12w0d12w1d12w2d

77778888888899999

545658606366707376808386909396100103


999910101011111112121212121213

106110113116120123126130133136140143146150>150

16w2d16w4d17w0d17w2d17w4d18w0d18w2d18w6d19w1d19w4d20w0d20w3d20w6d21w3dn/a

1314141414141414151616161616——

Table 3-25: FL: Hansmann (Fetal Age)Ultrasound Diagnosis in Obstetrics and Gynecology, 438-439, 1985

Known/Unknown LMP; Unit: FL (mm); Age (Weeks/Days); 2SD (Week)

FL Age 2SD FL Age 2SD FL Age 2SD FL Age 2SD

<1212131415161718192021222324252627

n/a13w4d13w6d14w1d14w3d14w5d15w1d15w2d15w5d16w0d16w2d16w4d16w6d17w2d17w4d17w6d18w2d

——0000554444444444

2829303132333435363738394041424344


44444445555555555

4546474849505152535455565758596061


55555555555666555

6263646566676869707172737475>75

32w1d32w5d33w1d33w5d34w1d34w5d35w1d35w5d36w1d36w5d37w2d37w6d38w3d39w0dn/a

55666666666677——

Table 3-24: CRL: Hansmann (Fetal Age) (Continued)Ultrasound Diagnosis in Obstetrics & Gynecology, 438-439, 1985

Unit: CRL (mm); Age (Weeks/Days); 2SD (mm [Known LMP] or day [Unknown LMP])



OB Tables


Table 3-26: GS: Hansmann (Fetal Age)Hansmann: M and Al: Geburtsh, u, Frauenheilk 39: 656, 1979

Unit: GS (mm); Age (Days); SD (mm)

GS Age SD GS Age SD GS Age SD GS Age SD

<101011121314151617181920212223

n/a3334353637383940414243444546

——55555555555555

242526272829303132333435363738

474849505152535455565758585960

555555555555555

394041424344454647484950515253

616263646566676869707172737475

555555555555555

545556575859606162636465>65

767778798081828384858687n/a

555555555555——

Table 3-27: HC: Hansmann (Fetal Age)Ultrasound Diagnosis in Obstetrics and Gynecology, 438-439, 1985

Known/Unknown LMP; Unit: HC (mm); Age (Weeks/Days); 2SD (mm)

HC Age 2SD HC Age 2SD HC Age 2SD HC Age 2SD

<105105110115120125130135140145150155160

n/a13w3d14w0d14w3d14w6d15w3d15w5d16w1d16w4d17w0d17w3d17w6d18w1d

——0014141414141415151616

165170175180185190195200205210215220225

18w4d19w0d19w3d19w5d20w1d20w4d21w0d21w2d21w5d22w1d22w4d23w0d23w3d

16161616171717171717171717

230235240245250255260265270275280285290


18181818181818181819191919

295300305310315320325330335340345>345

29w5d30w2d30w5d31w2d32w1d32w5d33w3d34w2d35w1d36w2d37w6dn/a

1919191920202020202020——


OB Tables


Table 3-28: OFD: Hansmann (Fetal Age)Ultrasound Diagnosis in Obstetrics and Gynecology, 438-439, 1985

Known/Unknown LMP; Unit: OFD (mm); Age (Weeks/Days); 2SD (mm)

OFD Age 2SD OFD Age 2SD OFD Age 2SD OFD Age 2SD

<343435363738394041424344454647484950515253

n/a13w3d13w5d14w0d14w2d14w4d14w6d15w1d15w3d15w5d16w0d16w1d16w3d16w4d16w6d17w1d17w3d17w4d17w6d18w1d18w2d

——00055555555555555555

545556575859606162636465666768697071727374

18w4d18w6d19w0d19w2d19w3d19w5d20w0d20w1d20w2d20w4d20w6d21w0d21w2d21w4d21w5d22w0d22w1d22w3d22w4d22w6d23w1d

556666666666666677777

757677787980818283848586878889909192939495


777777777777777788888

96979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115>115

29w0d29w3d29w5d30w0d30w3d30w5d31w1d31w4d32w0d32w3d32w6d33w3d33w6d34w3d35w0d35w4d36w2d37w0d38w0d39w0dn/a

88888888888888888888——

Table 3-29: TAD: Hansmann (Fetal Age)Hansmann: M and Al: Geburtsh, u, Frauenheilk 39: 656, 1979

Unit: TAD (mm); Age (Days); SD (mm)


<20202122232425262728293031323334353637383940

n/a87899193959799101103105107109111113115117119122124126128

——444444444444444444444

41424344454647484950515253545556575859606162

130132135137139141143146148150152155157159161164166168170173175177

4444444444444444444444

63646566676869707172737475767778798081828384

179182184186188191193195198200203205208210212215217220222225227230

4444455555555555555555

858687888990919293949596979899100101102103>103

232235237240242245247250252255258261264267270273276279282n/a

5555555555555555555——


OB Tables


Table 3-30: ThD: Hansmann (Fetal Age)Ultrasound Diagnosis in Obstetrics and Gynecology, 438-439, 1985

Known/Unknown LMP; Unit: ThD (mm); Age (Weeks/Days); 2SD (mm)

ThD Age 2SD ThD Age 2SD ThD Age 2SD ThD Age 2SD

<20202122232425262728293031323334353637383940

n/a12w4d12w6d13w1d13w3d13w4d13w6d14w1d14w3d14w6d15w1d15w2d15w4d15w6d16w2d16w4d16w6d17w1d17w3d17w5d18w1d18w3d

——000044444444444455555

41424344454647484950515253545556575859606162

18w5d19w0d19w3d19w5d19w6d20w2d20w4d20w6d21w2d21w4d21w6d22w1d22w4d22w6d23w1d23w3d23w6d24w1d24w3d24w6d25w1d25w3d

5555556666666666777777

63646566676869707172737475767778798081828384

25w5d26w1d26w3d26w5d27w0d27w3d27w5d28w0d28w3d28w5d29w1d29w3d29w5d30w1d30w3d30w5d31w1d31w3d31w5d32w1d32w4d32w6d

7777788888888888888999

858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105>105

33w1d33w4d33w6d34w2d34w4d35w0d35w3d35w5d36w1d36w3d36w6d37w1d37w4d38w1d38w4d38w6d39w3d39w6d40w2d40w5d41w2dn/a

999999101010101010101111111214141414——

Table 3-31: TTD: Hansmann (Fetal Age)Ultrasound Diagnosis in Obstetrics and Gynecology, 431, 1986

Unit: TTD (mm); Age (Weeks/Days); Table Type = SD

TTD Age TTD Age TTD Age

17 12w0d 50 22w0d 81 32w0d

20 13w0d 53 23w0d 83 33w0d

24 14w0d 56 24w0d 86 34w0d

27 15w0d 59 25w0d 89 35w0d

31 16w0d 62 26w0d 92 36w0d

34 17w0d 65 27w0d 94 37w0d

37 18w0d 69 28w0d 97 38w0d

40 19w0d 72 29w0d 99 39w0d

44 20w0d 74 30w0d 101 40w0d

47 21w0d 78 31w0d


OB Tables


Hellman

Hill

Table 3-32: GS: Hellman (Fetal Age)A/OG 103: 789, 1969

Unit: GS (mm); Age (Week); SD (Week)


<1010111213141516171819202122

n/a5.05.25.35.55.65.85.96.06.26.36.56.66.8

——± 1.0± 1.0± 1.0± 1.0± 1.0± 1.0± 1.0± 1.0± 1.0± 1.0± 1.0± 1.0± 1.0

2324252627282930313233343536

6.97.07.27.37.57.67.87.98.08.28.38.58.68.8

± 1.0± 1.0± 1.0± 1.0± 1.0± 1.0± 1.0± 1.0± 1.0± 1.0± 1.0± 1.0± 1.0± 1.0

3738394041424344454647484950

8.99.09.29.39.59.69.79.910.010.210.310.510.610.7

± 1.0± 1.0± 1.0± 1.0± 1.0± 1.0± 1.0± 1.0± 1.0± 1.0± 1.0± 1.0± 1.0± 1.0

51525354555657585960>60

10.911.011.211.311.511.611.711.912.012.2n/a

± 1.0± 1.0± 1.0± 1.0± 1.0± 1.0± 1.0± 1.0± 1.0± 1.0——

Table 3-33: TCD: Hill (Fetal Age)Obstet Gyn, 75: 981-984, 1990

Unit: TCD (mm); Age (Weeks); SD (Week)

TCD Age SD TCD Age SD TCD Age SD

<141415161718192021222324252627

n/a15.215.816.517.217.918.619.320.020.721.422.122.823.524.2

——± 0.5± 0.5± 0.5± 0.5± 0.5± 0.9± 0.9± 0.9± 0.9± 0.9± 0.9± 0.9± 0.9± 1.01

282930313233343536373839404142

24.925.526.226.927.528.128.829.430.030.631.231.832.332.833.4

± 1.01± 1.01± 1.01± 1.01± 1.01± 1.01± 1.01± 1.01± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2

43444546474849505152545556>56

33.934.434.835.335.736.136.536.837.237.538.038.338.5n/a

± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2± 1.2± 1.6± 1.6± 1.6± 1.6± 1.6± 1.6± 1.6± 1.6——


OB Tables


Hohler

Jeanty

Table 3-34: FL: Hohler (Fetal Growth)Communications in Brief, 143: 479-481, 1982

Age (Weeks) Min (Index) Max (Index)

2340

7171

8787

Table 3-35: AC: Jeanty (Fetal Age)Jeanty, Radiology 143: 513, 1982

Unit: AC (mm); Age (Day); SD (mm)


<5050556065707580859095100105110

n/a79828589929599102105109112115119

——22222222222222222222222222

115120125130135140145150155160165170175180

122125129132135139142146149152156159162166

2222222222222222222222222222

185190195200205210215220225230235240245250

169172176179182186189192196199203206210214

2222222222222222222222222222

255260265270275280285290295300305310315>315

218222226230234239244249254259265272279n/a

22222222222222222222222222——

Table 3-36: BD: Jeanty (Fetal Age)Jeanty: Radiology 143: 513, 1982

Unit: BD (mm); Age (Days); SD (mm)

BD Age SD BD Age SD BD Age SD BD Age SD

<1515161718192021222324252627

n/a73778185899397102106110114118122

——0000000000000

2829303132333435363738394041

127131135139143147152156160164168172177181

00000000000000

4243444546474849505152535455

185189193197201206210214218222226231235239

00000000000000

56575859606162636465>65

243247251256260264268272276281n/a

0000000000——


OB Tables


Table 3-37: BPD: Jeanty (Fetal Age)Jeanty: Radiology 143: 513, 1982

Unit: Meas (mm); Min/Mean/Max (Weeks/Days); Table/Graph Range: 5%:95%

Meas Min Mean Max Meas Min Mean Max

<1010111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940414243444546474849505152

n/a6w4d6w6d7w0d7w2d7w4d7w6d8w1d8w3d8w4d8w6d9w1d9w3d9w5d9w6d10w1d10w4d10w5d11w0d11w2d11w4d11w6d12w1d12w2d12w4d12w6d13w1d13w4d13w5d14w0d14w2d14w4d14w6d15w1d15w3d15w5d16w0d16w2d16w4d16w6d17w1d17w4d17w6d18w1d



53545556575859606162636465666768697071727374757677787980818283848586878889909192939495>95

18w4d18w6d19w1d19w4d19w6d20w1d20w4d20w6d21w1d21w4d21w6d22w1d22w4d22w6d23w2d23w5d24w0d24w3d24w6d25w1d25w4d26w0d26w3d26w6d27w1d27w4d28w0d28w4d28w6d29w2d29w6d30w1d30w5d31w1d31w4d32w1d32w4d33w0d33w4d34w0d34w4d35w0d35w4dn/a




OB Tables


Table 3-38: BPD: Jeanty (Fetal Growth)Jeanty: Radiology 143: 513, 1982

Unit: Age (Weeks/Days); Min/Mean/Max (mm); Table/Graph Range: 5%:95%


10.0+011.0+012.0+013.0+014.0+015.0+016.0+017.0+018.0+019.0+020.0+021.0+022.0+023.0+024.0+025.0+0

9131620232730343740444750535659

14172124283135384245485155586164

18222529323639434649535659626568

26.0+027.0+028.0+029.0+030.0+031.0+032.0+033.0+034.0+035.0+036.0+037.0+038.0+039.0+040.0+0

626568707375777981838486878889

677072757779828486878990919393

717477798284868890929395969798

Table 3-39: CRL: Jeanty (Fetal Age)Jeanty: Radiology 143: 513, 1982

Unit: CRL (mm); Age (Days); SD (mm)


<55678910111213141516

n/a444546485051525354555657

——444444444455

17181920212223242526272829

58596061626364656667676768

5555666667777

30313233343536373839404142

69707071727373747576767677

7777777777777

434445464748495051525354>54

777879798081818283838485n/a

777777777777——


OB Tables


Table 3-40: FIB: Jeanty (Fetal Growth)Fetal Limb Bimetry (Letter), Radiology 147:602, 1983

Unit: Age (Weeks); Min/Mean/Max (mm); Table/Graph Range: 5%:95%


111213141516171819202122232425

258610671018182421232633

258111417192224272931333537

258101822312830303437444142

262728293031323334353637383940

323536403840404346515155545554

394143454748505152545556575859

434747505257565956575658596262


OB Tables


Table 3-41: FL: Jeanty (Fetal Age)Jeanty: Radiology 143: 513, 1982



<1414151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344454647

n/a11w5d12w0d12w3d12w5d13w0d13w3d13w5d14w1d14w3d14w5d15w1d15w3d15w6d16w1d16w4d16w6d17w1d17w4d17w6d18w2d18w5d19w0d19w3d19w6d20w1d20w4d20w6d21w2d21w5d22w1d22w4d22w6d23w1d23w4d



484950515253545556575859606162636465666768697071727374757677787980>80

24w0d24w3d24w6d25w1d25w4d26w0d26w3d26w6d27w2d27w5d28w1d28w4d28w6d29w3d29w6d30w1d30w5d31w1d31w4d32w0d32w3d32w6d33w2d33w5d34w1d34w4d35w1d35w4d36w0d36w3d36w6d37w2d37w6dn/a




OB Tables


Table 3-42: FL: Jeanty (Fetal Growth)Jeanty: Radiology 143: 513, 1982



12.0+013.0+014.0+015.0+016.0+017.0+018.0+019.0+020.0+021.0+022.0+023.0+024.0+025.0+026.0+0

469121518212426293235374042

81114172023252831343639424447

131618212427303336384144464951

27.0+028.0+029.0+030.0+031.0+032.0+033.0+034.0+035.0+036.0+037.0+038.0+039.0+040.0+0

4547505254565860626465676870

4952545659616365676870717374

5456596163656769717374767779


OB Tables


Table 3-43: HC: Jeanty (Fetal Age)Jeanty: Radiology 143: 513, 1982



<8080859095100105110115120125130135140145150155160165170175180185190195200205210215220

n/a11w3d11w5d11w7d12w2d12w4d12w7d13w2d13w4d13w6d14w2d14w4d14w7d15w2d15w5d16w0d16w3d16w6d17w1d17w4d17w7d18w3d18w6d19w1d19w4d20w1d20w4d20w7d21w3d21w6d



225230235240245250255260265270275280285290295300305310315320325330335340345350355360>360

22w3d22w6d23w3d23w6d24w3d24w7d25w4d26w0d26w4d27w1d27w6d28w3d28w7d29w4d30w2d30w6d31w4d32w2d32w6d33w4d34w2d35w0d35w6d36w4d37w2d38w1d38w6d39w5dn/a




OB Tables


Table 3-44: HC: Jeanty (Fetal Growth)Jeanty: Radiology 143: 513, 1982



12.0+013.0+014.0+015.0+016.0+017.0+018.0+019.0+020.0+021.0+022.0+023.0+024.0+025.0+026.0+0

51647689101114126138150162174185196207218

7588101113126138151163175187198210221232242

100112125138150163175187199211223234245256266

27.0+028.0+029.0+030.0+031.0+032.0+033.0+034.0+035.0+036.0+037.0+038.0+039.0+040.0+0

228238247256265273281288294300306311315319

252262271281289297305312319325330335339343

277286296305313322329336343349355359364367


OB Tables


Table 3-45: HL: Jeanty (Fetal Age)Obstetrical Ultrasound, Table 13.9, 1984



<10101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839

n/a9w6d10w1d10w3d10w6d11w1d11w3d11w6d21w1d12w4d12w6d13w1d13w4d13w6d14w2d14w5d15w1d15w4d15w6d16w2d16w5d17w1d17w4d18w0d18w3d18w6d19w2d19w5d20w1d20w4d21w1d



404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869>69

21w4d22w0d22w4d23w0d23w4d24w0d24w4d25w0d25w4d26w0d26w4d27w1d27w4d28w1d28w5d29w1d29w6d30w2d30w6d31w3d32w0d32w4d33w1d33w6d34w3d35w0d35w4d36w1d36w6d37w3dn/a




OB Tables


Table 3-46: Radius: Jeanty (Fetal Growth)Fetal Limb Bimetry (Letter), Radiology 147:602, 1983

Unit: Age (weeks); Min/Mean/Max (mm); Table/Graph Range: 5%:95%


<11111213141516171819202122232425

n/a57108129111420212524262731

n/a5710131518202224272931323436

n/a5710121921292629283234393840

262728293031323334353637383940>40

303333363434374139384145454646n/a

373940424344454647484849495050n/a

414545474953515153575453535454n/a


OB Tables


Table 3-47: TIB: Jeanty (Fetal Age)Obstetrical Ultrasound, Table 13.9, 1984



<10101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839




404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869>69





OB Tables


Table 3-48: ULNA: Jeanty (Fetal Age)Obstetrical Ultrasound, Table 13.9, 1984



<1010111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637

n/a10w1d10w4d10w6d11w1d11w4d11w6d12w2d12w5d13w1d13w4d13w6d14w2d14w5d15w1d15w4d16w0d16w3d16w6d17w2d17w5d18w1d18w4d19w1d19w4d20w1d20w4d21w1d21w4d



383940414243444546474849505152535455565758596061626364>64

22w1d22w4d23w1d23w4d24w1d24w5d25w1d25w6d26w2d26w6d27w3d28w0d28w4d29w1d29w5d30w2d30w6d31w4d32w1d32w6d33w3d34w0d34w4d35w2d35w6d36w4d37w1dn/a




OB Tables


JSUM Table 3-49: AC, JSUM, J Med Ultrasound Vol.28 No.5 (2001)

Unit: AC (cm); Age (w+d); SD (cm)

Age AC Age 1SD Age AC Age 1SD

1617181920212223242526272829

10.411.412.513.514.515.516.517.518.519.520.521.422.423.3

16+017+018+019+020+021+022+023+024+025+026+027+028+029+0

0.570.620.670.710.760.810.860.900.951.001.051.101.141.19

30313233343536373839404142

24.225.125.926.827.628.429.229.930.631.331.932.533.1

30+031+032+033+034+035+036+037+038+039+040+041+042+0

1.241.291.331.381.431.481.521.571.621.671.711.761.81

Table 3-50: BPD, JSUM, J Med Ultrasound Vol.28 No.5 (2001)Unit: BPD (mm); Age (w+d); SD (mm)

Age BPD Age 1SD Age BPD Age 1SD

1011121314151617181920212223242526

12.615.919.322.726.129.532.936.339.643.046.249.552.655.758.861.764.6

10+011+012+013+014+015+016+017+018+019+020+021+022+023+024+025+026+0

2.292.342.402.452.512.572.622.682.732.792.842.902.963.013.073.123.18

27282930313233343536373839404142

67.470.172.675.177.479.681.783.685.386.988.389.690.691.592.292.6

27+028+029+030+031+032+033+034+035+036+037+038+039+040+041+042+0

3.233.293.353.403.463.513.573.623.683.743.793.853.903.964.014.07


OB Tables


Table 3-51: CRL, JSUM, J Med Ultrasound Vol.28 No.5 (2001)Unit: GA (week+day); CRL (mm)

GA

CRL

5% 10% 50% 90% 95%

7W+07W+27W+47W+68W+18W+38W+59W+09W+29W+49W+610W+110W+310W+511W+011W+211W+4

5.76.06.57.28.19.110.311.713.315.117.119.221.524.126.729.632.7

6.87.38.19.010.211.613.114.916.718.720.923.125.427.930.432.935.5

10.110.511.312.514.015.817.820.022.525.027.630.333.135.838.440.943.3

16.015.716.017.018.420.422.725.428.331.434.637.841.044.147.049.651.9

17.216.416.617.519.121.324.027.030.333.737.340.744.147.149.852.153.8

Table 3-52: EFW, JSUM, J Med Ultrasound Vol.28 No.5 (2001)Unit: EFW (g); Age (w+d); 1SD (g)

Age EFW Age 1SD Age EFW Age 1SD

181920212223242526272829

1872473133874695606607718921,0231,1631,313

18+019+020+021+022+023+024+025+026+027+028+029+0

30.1340.4751.3062.6174.3986.6699.41112.64126.35140.53155.20170.35

303132333435363738394041

1,4701,6351,8051,9802,1562,3332,5072,6762,8382,9893,1253,244

30+031+032+033+034+035+036+037+038+039+040+041+0

185.98202.09218.68235.75253.30271.33289.84308.83328.30348.25368.68389.59


OB Tables


Table 3-53: FL, JSUM, J Med Ultrasound Vol.28 No.5 (2001)Unit: FL (mm); Age (w+d); SD (mm)

Age FL Age 1SD Age FL Age 1SD

1617181920212223242526272829

20.122.725.327.830.432.935.437.940.342.745.047.349.651.7

16+017+018+019+020+021+022+023+024+025+026+027+028+029+0

2.642.672.712.742.772.812.842.882.912.942.983.013.043.08

30313233343536373839404142

53.855.857.859.661.463.064.666.067.468.669.670.671.4

30+031+032+033+034+035+036+037+038+039+040+041+042+0

3.113.153.183.213.253.283.313.353.383.423.453.483.52

Table 3-54: MCA PI values with advance in gestationJSUM, J Med Ultrasound Vol.28 No.5 (2001)

Unit: Age (Weeks)

Age 5% 10% 50% 90% 95% Age 5% 10% 50% 90% 95%

2021222324252627282930

1.2711.3181.3591.3931.4211.4441.4591.4691.4731.4701.461

1.2701.3291.3811.4261.4631.4931.5151.5301.5371.5371.530

1.4401.5371.6231.6991.7651.8201.8651.8991.9231.9371.940

1.8801.9862.0802.1642.2362.2982.3482.3882.4162.4342.440

1.9902.0912.1822.2612.3282.3852.4302.4652.4882.4992.500

3132333435363738394041

1.4461.4251.3971.3631.3241.2771.2251.1671.1021.0310.954

1.5151.4931.4641.4271.3831.3311.2721.2051.1311.0500.961

1.9331.9151.8871.8491.8001.7411.6711.5911.5011.4001.289

2.4362.4202.3942.3562.3082.2482.1782.0962.0041.9001.786

2.4892.4682.4352.3902.3352.2682.1912.1022.0011.8901.767

Table 3-55: MCA RI values with advance in gestationJSUM, J Med Ultrasound Vol.28 No.5 (2001)

Unit: Age (Weeks)

Age 5% 10% 50% 90% 95% Age 5% 10% 50% 90% 95%

2021222324252627282930

0.7170.7310.7420.7530.7610.7670.7720.7750.7760.7750.773

0.7180.7350.7490.7610.7720.7800.7870.7910.7930.7940.792

0.7750.7930.8080.8210.8330.7430.8510.8570.8620.8650.865

0.8420.8570.8710.8830.8940.9030.9100.9160.9200.9220.923

0.8710.8830.8940.9030.9110.9180.9230.9270.9290.9300.930

3132333435363738394041

0.7690.7620.7550.7450.7330.7200.7050.6880.6690.6490.627

0.7890.7830.7750.7660.7540.7400.7250.7070.6880.6660.643

0.8650.8620.8570.8510.8430.8330.8210.8080.7930.7750.757

0.9220.9200.9160.9110.9040.8950.8850.8730.8590.8440.827

0.9280.9250.9200.9140.9070.8980.8880.8760.8630.8490.833


OB Tables


Table 3-56: UMA PI values with advance in gestationJSUM, J Med Ultrasound Vol.28 No.5 (2001)

Unit: Age (Weeks)

Age 5% 10% 50% 90% 95% Age 5% 10% 50% 90% 95%

2021222324252627282930

1.1181.0751.0340.9960.9590.9250.8930.8630.8360.8100.787

1.1441.1061.0691.0341.0010.9700.9410.9130.8870.8630.841

1.3901.3401.2931.2491.2071.1681.1311.0971.0651.0361.010

1.6201.5651.5131.4641.4171.3731.3311.2921.2551.2211.190

1.6881.6411.5971.5541.5141.4751.4381.4041.3711.3411.312

3132333435363738394041

0.7660.7470.7310.7160.7040.6940.6860.6810.6770.6760.677

0.8210.8020.7850.7700.7570.7460.7360.7280.7220.7180.716

0.9860.9650.9470.9310.9180.9070.8990.8930.8900.8900.892

1.1611.1351.1121.0911.0731.0571.0441.0331.0251.0201.017

1.2851.2611.2381.2181.1991.1821.1681.1551.1451.1361.129

Table 3-57: UMA RI values with advance in gestationJSUM, J Med Ultrasound Vol.28 No.5 (2001)

Unit: Age (Weeks)

Age 5% 10% 50% 90% 95% Age 5% 10% 50% 90% 95%

2021222324252627282930

0.6980.6800.6630.6460.6300.6150.6000.5860.5720.5590.547

0.7220.7070.6920.6790.6650.6530.6400.6290.6180.6080.598

0.7780.7630.7490.7350.7220.7100.6980.6870.6760.6660.657

0.8200.8080.7960.7850.7740.7630.7520.7410.7300.7200.710

0.8460.8360.8260.8160.8070.7980.7880.7800.7710.7620.754

3132333435363738394041

0.5350.5240.5130.5030.4940.4850.4770.4690.4620.4560.450

0.5890.5800.5730.5650.5590.5520.5470.5420.5380.5340.531

0.6480.6400.6320.6250.6190.6130.6080.6030.5990.5960.593

0.7000.6900.6810.6720.6630.6540.6450.6360.6280.6200.612

0.7460.7380.7300.7230.7160.7080.7020.6950.6880.6820.676


OB Tables


Kurtz

Table 3-58: BPD: Kurtz (Fetal Age)Journal of Clinical Ultrasound, 8: 319-326, 1980

Unit: BPD (mm); Age (Days); SD (mm)


<2121222324252627282930313233343536373839

n/a84879193959799101103105107109111113115117119121123

——4444444444444444444

4041424344454647484950515253545556575859

125127129131133135137139141143145147149151153155157160162165

44444444444444455555

6061626364656667686970717273747576777879

168170173175178181183186188191194196199201204207210213216219

55555555555555555555

80818283848586878889909192939495969798>98

222225229232235238241244248252257262267272276280284288293n/a

5555555555555555555——


OB Tables


Mayden

Table 3-59: IOD: Mayden (Fetal Age)Am J Obstet Gynecol 144:289, 1982Unit: Meas (mm); Mean (Weeks)

Meas Mean Meas Mean Meas Mean Meas Mean

556667778889991010101011

11.611.612.112.612.613.113.613.614.114.614.615.015.515.516.016.516.517.017.5

11121212131313131414141414151515151516

17.918.418.919.419.419.920.420.420.921.321.321.822.322.322.823.323.323.824.3

16161616171717171717171818181818181818

24.324.725.225.225.726.226.226.727.227.628.128.629.129.630.030.631.031.532.0

19191919191919191919191919191919

32.533.033.534.034.435.035.435.936.436.937.337.838.338.339.339.8

Table 3-60: OOD: Mayden (Fetal Age)Am J Obstet Gynecol 144:289, 1982Unit: Meas (mm); Mean (Weeks)

Meas Mean Meas Mean Meas Mean Meas Mean

13141516171718192021212223242525262727

11.611.612.112.612.613.113.613.614.114.614.615.015.515.516.016.516.517.017.5

28303132323334343536363738383940404141

17.918.418.919.419.419.920.420.420.921.321.321.822.322.322.823.323.323.824.3

42434344444545464647474848495050515152

24.324.725.225.225.726.226.226.727.227.628.128.629.129.630.030.631.031.532.0

52535454545555565657575858585959

32.533.033.534.034.435.035.435.936.436.937.337.838.338.339.339.8


OB Tables


Mercer

Table 3-61: Ft: Mercer (Fetal Age)Am J Obstet Gynecol, 156: 350-355, 1987

Unit: Meas (mm); Min/Mean/Max (Weeks); Table/Graph Range: 2SD


<101012141618202224262830323436384042444648

n/a11.512.112.713.313.914.515.115.716.316.917.618.218.919.520.220.821.522.222.923.6

n/a12.513.113.814.415.115.716.417.117.718.419.119.820.521.221.922.723.424.124.925.6

n/a13.514.214.915.516.317.017.718.419.119.920.621.422.122.923.724.525.226.026.827.6

50525456586062646668707274767880828486>86

24.324.925.726.427.127.828.529.330.030.731.532.233.033.834.535.336.136.937.7n/a

26.427.127.928.429.430.231.031.832.633.434.235.035.936.837.538.439.240.141.0n/a

28.429.330.130.931.832.633.534.335.236.136.937.838.739.640.541.442.443.344.2n/a


OB Tables


Merz

Table 3-62: AC: Merz (Fetal Age)Habilitationsschrift, Mainz University Women’s Hospital, 1988

Unit: Meas (mm); Min/Mean/Max (Weeks); Table/Graph Range: 5%:95%


<5656586062646668707274767880828486889092949698100102104106108110112114116118120122124126128130132134136138140142144146148150

n/a10w6d11w1d11w2d11w4d11w5d11w6d12w0d12w1d12w3d12w4d12w6d12w6d13w1d13w2d13w4d13w5d13w6d14w0d14w1d14w3d14w4d14w6d14w6d15w1d15w2d15w4d15w5d15w6d16w0d16w1d16w3d16w4d16w6d17w0d17w1d17w2d17w4d17w5d17w6d18w0d18w1d18w3d18w4d18w6d19w0d19w1d19w2d19w4d



152154156158160162164166168170172174176178180182184186188190192194196198200202204206208210212214216218220222224226228230232234236238240242244246248

19w5d19w6d20w1d20w1d20w3d20w4d20w6d21w0d21w1d21w2d21w4d21w5d21w6d22w1d22w1d22w3d22w4d22w6d23w0d23w1d23w2d23w4d23w5d23w6d24w1d24w2d24w3d24w4d24w6d25w0d25w1d25w2d25w4d25w5d25w6d26w1d26w2d26w3d26w4d26w6d27w0d27w1d27w3d27w4d27w5d27w6d28w1d28w2d28w3d




OB Tables


250252254256258260262264266268270272274276278280282284286288290292294296298300

28w4d28w6d29w0d29w1d29w3d29w4d29w5d29w6d30w1d30w2d30w4d30w4d30w6d31w0d31w1d31w3d31w4d31w5d31w6d32w1d32w2d32w4d32w4d32w6d33w0d33w1d



302304306308310312314316318320322324326328330332334336338340342344346348>348

33w3d33w4d33w5d33w6d34w1d34w2d34w4d34w4d34w6d35w0d35w1d35w3d35w4d35w5d35w6d36w1d36w2d36w4d36w5d36w6d37w0d37w1d37w3d37w4dn/a



Table 3-62: AC: Merz (Fetal Age) (Continued)Habilitationsschrift, Mainz University Women’s Hospital, 1988

Unit: Meas (mm); Min/Mean/Max (Weeks); Table/Graph Range: 5%:95%



OB Tables


Table 3-63: AC: Merz (Fetal Growth)Habilitationsschrift, Mainz University Women’s Hospital, 1988

Unit: Age (Weeks); Min/Mean/Max (mm); Table/Graph Range 5%:95%)


12.513.013.514.014.515.015.516.016.517.017.518.018.519.019.520.020.521.021.522.022.523.023.524.024.525.025.526.026.527.0

50556065717681869196102107112117122127133138143148153158163168173178183188193198

62677378838994100105111116122127132138143149154159165170175181186191196202207212217

7480859196102108114119125131136142148153159165170176181187193198204209215220226231236

27.528.028.529.029.530.030.531.031.532.032.533.033.534.034.535.035.536.036.537.037.538.038.539.039.540.040.541.041.5

202207212217221226231235240244249253258262266270275279283287290294298301305308311314317

222227232237242247252257262266271276280285289294298303307311315319323327331334338341343

242247252257263268273278283288293298303308313317322327331336340344348352356360364367370


OB Tables


Table 3-64: BPD: Merz (Fetal Age)Habilitationsschrift, Mainz University Women’s Hospital, 1988

Unit: BPD (mm); % Age (Weeks/Days)

BPD 5% 50% 95% BPD 5% 50% 95%

<212122232425262728293031323334353637383940414243444546474849505152535455565758596061




6263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102>102

22w1d22w4d22w6d23w1d23w4d23w6d24w1d24w3d24w5d25w1d25w4d25w6d26w1d26w4d26w6d27w1d27w4d27w6d28w2d28w5d29w1d29w4d29w6d30w2d30w5d31w0d31w4d31w6d32w2d32w6d33w1d33w4d34w0d34w4d34w6d35w3d35w6d36w3d36w6d37w2d37w6dn/a




OB Tables


Table 3-65: BPD: Merz (Fetal Growth)Habilitationsschrift, Mainz University Women’s Hospital, 1988



12.513.013.514.014.515.015.516.016.517.017.518.018.519.019.520.020.521.021.522.022.523.023.524.024.525.025.526.026.527.0

212324252728303133353638404143454648495153545657596162646566

252628293132343537394042444647495152545657596162646567687071

293031333536383941434546485052535557596062646567697072737577

27.528.028.529.029.530.030.531.031.532.032.533.033.534.034.535.035.536.036.537.037.538.038.539.039.540.040.541.041.5

6869717273747677787980818283848586878788898990909191919192

7374767778808182838586878889909192929394959596969797979898

78798182848586888990919293959697979899100101101102103103103104104104


OB Tables


Table 3-66: FL: Merz (Fetal Age)Habilitationsschrift, Mainz University Women’s Hospital, 1988

Unit: FL (mm); % Age (Weeks/Days)


<10101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445

n/a11w1d11w4d11w6d12w1d12w3d12w5d13w1d13w3d13w6d14w1d14w4d14w6d15w1d15w3d15w6d16w1d16w3d16w6d17w1d17w4d17w6d18w1d18w4d18w6d19w1d19w4d20w0d20w2d20w5d21w0d21w3d21w5d22w1d22w4d22w6d23w1d



4647484950515253545556575859606162636465666768697071727374757677787980>80

23w4d24w0d24w3d24w5d25w1d25w4d25w6d26w1d26w4d27w0d27w3d27w6d28w1d28w4d29w0d29w4d29w6d30w2d30w6d31w1d31w4d32w0d32w3d32w6d33w2d33w6d34w1d34w4d35w1d35w4d36w0d36w4d37w0d37w3d37w6dn/a




OB Tables


Table 3-67: FL: Merz (Fetal Growth)Habilitationsschrift, Mainz University Women’s Hospital, 1988



12.513.013.514.014.515.015.516.016.517.017.518.018.519.019.520.020.521.021.522.022.523.023.524.024.525.025.526.026.527.0

6810111315161819212224252728293132333536373940414243454647

91113151618202123242627293032333536373940414344454648495051

121416182021232526282931323435373840414244454648495052535455

27.528.028.529.029.530.030.531.031.532.032.533.033.534.034.535.035.536.036.537.037.538.038.539.039.540.040.541.041.5

4849505152535455565758596061626364656666676869697071717272

5253555657585960616263646566676869707071727374747576767777

5758596061626364666768697071727374747576777879798081818283


OB Tables


Table 3-68: HC: Merz (Fetal Age)Habilitationsschrift, Mainz University Women’s Hospital, 1988

Unit: HC (mm); % Age (Weeks/Days)


>727274767880828486889092949698100102104106108110112114116118120122124126128130132134136138140142144146148150152154156158160162164166168170

n/a11w0d11w1d11w1d11w2d11w4d11w4d11w5d11w6d12w0d12w1d12w2d12w3d12w4d12w5d12w6d12w6d13w0d13w1d13w2d13w3d13w4d13w5d13w6d14w0d14w1d14w1d14w2d14w3d14w4d14w5d14w6d15w0d15w1d15w2d15w4d15w4d15w6d15w6d16w0d16w1d16w2d16w3d16w4d16w5d16w6d17w0d17w1d17w2d17w4d17w4d



172174176178180182184186188190192194196198200202204206208210212214216218220222224226228230232234236238240242244246248250252254256258260262264266268270272

17w6d17w6d18w0d18w1d18w2d18w4d18w4d18w6d19w0d19w1d19w2d19w4d19w4d19w5d19w6d20w0d20w1d20w3d20w4d20w5d20w6d21w0d21w1d21w3d21w4d21w6d21w6d22w1d22w1d22w3d22w4d22w5d22w6d23w1d23w2d23w4d23w5d23w6d24w1d24w1d24w3d24w4d24w6d25w0d25w1d25w3d25w4d25w6d26w0d26w1d26w3d




OB Tables


274276278280282284286288290292294296298300302304306308310312314316318320

26w4d26w6d27w0d27w1d27w3d27w5d27w6d28w1d28w2d28w4d28w6d29w0d29w1d29w3d29w4d29w6d30w1d30w2d30w4d30w6d31w1d31w3d31w4d31w6d



322324326328330332334336338340342344346348350352354356358360362364>364

32w0d32w2d32w4d32w6d33w1d33w2d33w4d33w6d34w1d34w3d34w5d35w0d35w2d35w4d35w6d36w1d36w4d36w6d37w1d37w4d37w6d38w1dn/a



Table 3-68: HC: Merz (Fetal Age) (Continued)Habilitationsschrift, Mainz University Women’s Hospital, 1988

Unit: HC (mm); % Age (Weeks/Days)



OB Tables


Table 3-69: HC: Merz (Fetal Growth)Habilitationsschrift, Mainz University Women’s Hospital, 1988



12.513.013.514.014.515.015.516.016.517.017.518.018.519.019.520.020.521.021.522.022.523.023.524.024.525.025.526.026.527.0

80848994100105111117123130136142148155161167173180186192198204210216221227232238243248

9296101106112118124130136143149155162168174181187193200206212218224230236241247253258263

104108113119124130137143149156162168175181188194201207214220226232238244250256262267273278

27.528.028.529.029.530.030.531.031.532.032.533.033.534.034.535.035.536.036.537.037.538.038.539.039.540.040.541.041.5

253258263268272277281285289293297300303307310313315318320322324326327329330331332332332

268273278283288292297301305309313316320323326329332335337339341343345346348349349350350

284289294299303308313317321325329333336340343346349352354356359361362364365366367368369


OB Tables


Moore

Nelson

Table 3-70: AFI: MooreUnit: Age (Days); Min/Max (mm); Table/Graph Range (2.5%: 97.5%)

Age Min Max Age Min Max Age Min Max

161718192021222324

737780838688899090

201211220225230233235237238

252627282930313233

898985868482797774

240242245249254258263269274

343536373839404142

727068666564636363

278279279275269255240216192

Table 3-71: CRL: Nelson (Fetal Age)Journal of Clinical Ultrasound, 9: 67-70, 1981

Unit: CRL (mm); GA (Days)

CRL GA CRL GA CRL GA CRL GA CRL GA

1415161718192021222324252627282930313233

5960616162626364646565666767686869707071

3435363738394041424344454647484950515253

7172737374747576767777787979808081828283

5455565758596061626364656667686970717273

8384858586868788888989909191929293949495

7475767778798081828384858687888990919293

95969797989899100100101101102103103104104105106106107

949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111

107108109109110110111112112113113114115115116116117118


OB Tables


Osaka

Table 3-72: BPD: Osaka (Fetal Age)Osaka University Method 1989, 3 by Univ. Osaka

Unit: BPD (mm); Age (Days); SD (mm)


<131314151617181920212223242526272829303132

n/a7071737577788082848688909294969899101103105

——1.91.91.91.92.02.02.02.12.12.12.12.22.22.22.32.32.32.32.42.4

333435363738394041424344454647484950515253

107109112114116118120122124126128130132135137139141143145148150

2.42.52.52.52.52.62.62.62.72.72.72.72.82.82.82.82.92.92.92.93.0

545556575859606162636465666768697071727374

152154157159161164166168171173175178180182185187190193195198200

3.03.03.03.13.13.13.13.23.23.23.23.33.33.33.33.33.43.43.43.43.5

7576777879808182838485868788899091929394>94

203206209212214217220224227230234237238245249254259265273280n/a

3.53.53.53.53.63.63.63.63.63.73.73.73.73.73.83.83.83.83.93.9——

Table 3-73: CRL: Osaka (Fetal Age)Osaka University Method 1989, 3 by Univ. Osaka



<9910111213141516171819202122

n/a5052535556575859606162636364

——1.72.02.22.52.62.82.93.13.23.43.53.73.73.8

232425262728293031323334353637

656666676869697071717273737474

4.04.14.14.34.54.64.64.84.94.95.15.25.25.45.4

383940414243444546474849505152

757676777778797980808182838383

5.55.75.75.85.86.06.16.16.36.36.46.66.76.76.7

5354555657585960616263>63

8485858686878788898990n/a

6.97.07.07.27.27.37.37.57.67.67.8——


OB Tables


Table 3-74: EFW: Osaka (Fetal Age)Osaka University Method 1989, 3 by Univ. Osaka

Unit: EFW (grams); Age (Days); SD (grams)

EFW Age SD EFW Age SD EFW Age SD EFW Age SD

<137137140150160170180190200210220230240250260270280290300310320330340350360370380390400410420430440450460470480490500510520530540550560570580

n/a112113115116118120121123124126127128130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149149150151152153153154155155156157157158159

——29292930303132333435363739404142434445464849505153545657586061636365666869697173737476767880

590600610620630640650660670680690700720740760780800820840860880900920940960980100010201040106010801100112011401160118012001220124012601280130013201340136013801400

160160161162162163164164165165166167168169170171173174175176177178179180181182183185186187188189190191192193194195195196197198199200201202203

8181838585878989919192949698100102106108110112114116118120123125127131133135138140142144146149151153153155158160162164167169171

14201440146014801500152015401560158016001620164016601680170017201740176017801800182018401860188019001920194019601980200020202040206020802100212021402160218022002220224022602280230023202340

203204205206207208209210210211212213214215216216217218219220220221222223224224225226227228229229230231232233233234235236236237238239240241241

171174176178181183185188188190192195197200202202204207209212212214217219222222224227229232234234237239242244244247250252252255257260263265265

23602380240024202440246024802500252025402560258026002620264026602680270027202740276027802800282028402860288029002920294029602980300030203040306030803100312031403160318032003220>3220

242243244245245246247248249249250251252253254254255256257258259259260261262263264265266266267268269270271272273274275276277278279280n/a

268271274276276279282285288288290293296299302302305308311314317317320323326329332335339339342345348352355358362365369372376379383387——


OB Tables


Table 3-75: FL: Osaka (Fetal Age)Osaka University Method 1989, 3 by Univ. Osaka

Unit: FL (mm); Age (Days); SD (mm)


<99101112131415161718192021222324

n/a9193959799102104106108110113115118120122125

——2.12.12.12.22.22.22.22.22.22.22.22.32.32.32.32.3

2526272829303132333435363738394041

127130132135137140142145147150152155158162163166169

2.32.32.32.42.42.42.42.42.42.42.52.52.52.52.52.52.6

4243444546474849505152535455565758

172175178181184186190193196199202205209212216220223

2.62.62.62.62.62.62.72.72.72.72.62.82.82.82.82.82.9

59606162636465666768697071>71

227230235239242247250255258260269274279n/a

2.92.92.92.93.03.03.03.03.03.13.13.13.2——

Table 3-76: FTA: Osaka (Fetal Age)Osaka University Method 1989, 3 by Univ. Osaka

Unit: FTA (mm2); Age (Days); SD (mm2)

FTA Age SD FTA Age SD FTA Age SD FTA Age SD

<5605606007008009001000110012001300140015001600170018001900200021002200230024002500

n/a98100103108113115117122125128130134137139142145147150152155157

——120120130150160170170190200210220230240250260270280290300310330

2600270028002900300031003200330034003500360037003800390040004100420043004400450046004700

159162164166168170173175177179181183185187189191193195197199201203

330340350360370380390400410420430440450460470480490500510520530540

4800490050005100520053005400550056005700580059006000610062006300640065006600670068006900

205207209211213215216218220222224226227229231233235237238240242244

560570580590600610620630640650670680680700710720730750750760780790

700071007200730074007500760077007800790080008100820083008400850086008660>8660

246248250252254256258260262264265268270273274276279280n/a

8008208308408608708809009109309309609709901000101010401040——


OB Tables


Table 3-77: HL: Osaka (Fetal Age)Osaka University Method 1989, 3 by Univ. Osaka

Unit: HL (mm); Age (Days); SD (mm)

HL Age SD HL Age SD HL Age SD HL Age SD

<1010111213141516171819202122

n/a91939698100103105108110113115117121

——2.02.02.02.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.2

2324252627282930313233343536

123126129132134137140143145149151155158161

2.22.22.22.22.22.22.32.32.32.32.32.32.32.4

3738394041424344454647484950

164167170174178182185188192196200204208213

2.42.42.42.42.42.52.52.52.52.52.52.62.62.6

515253545556575859606162>62

217222227232237242248254260267275280n/a

2.62.62.72.72.72.72.82.82.82.92.92.9——


OB Tables


Paris

Table 3-78: BPD: Paris (Fetal Age)Unit: BPD (mm); Age (Days); SD (mm)


<131314151617181920212223242526272829303132

n/a777879808182838485878991939597100102104106108

——33333333333333333333

333435363738394041424344454647484950515253

110113115117119121123126128130133135137140142144147149151154156

333333344444444444444

545556575859606162636465666768697071727374

158161163165168170172175177179182184187189192194197199202204207

444444444444444444444

75767778798081828384858687888990>90

210213217220224227231234238242247252256261266287n/a

5555555555555555——

Table 3-79: CRL: Paris (Fetal Age)Unit: CRL (mm); Age (Days); SD (mm)


<556789101112131415161718192021222324

n/a4243444647495051525354555657585960616363

——44444444444555666667

252627282930313233343536373839404142434445

646566666768697070717172737374747576767777

777777777777777777777

464748495051525354555657585960616263646566

787979808081828283848485858686878788888989

777777777777777777777

67686970717273747576777879808182838485>85

90909191919292939394949495959696979798n/a

7777777777777777777——


OB Tables


Table 3-80: FL: Paris (Fetal Age)Unit: FL (mm); Age (Days); SD (mm)


<1515161718192021222324252627282930

n/a98100102105107109112114116119121123126128131134

——4444444444445555

3132333435363738394041424344454647

137139142145148150153156159161164167170172175178181

55555555555555555

4849505152535455565758596061626364

183186189192194197200203206210213217219221224231234

55555555555555555

65666768697071727374757677>77

238241245248252255259262266271276281287n/a

5555555555555——

Table 3-81: Ft: Paris (Fetal Age)Unit: Ft (mm); Age (Days); SD (mm)

Ft Age SD Ft Age SD Ft Age SD Ft Age SD

<1313141516171819202122232425262728

n/a919497100103106109112114116119121123126128130

——2222333444444444

2930313233343536373839404142434445

133135137140142144147149151154156158161163165168170

44444444444444444

4647484950515253545556575859606162

173175178180183185188190193196199202205208211215218

44444444444444444

63646566676869707172737475>75

221224227231234238242246250254258262266n/a

4445555555556——


OB Tables


Table 3-82: TAD: Paris (Fetal Age)Unit: TAD (mm); Age (Days); SD (mm)


<1010111213141516171819202122232425262728293031

n/a8484858687878889909192949698100102104106108110112114

——0000000000000000000000

3233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354

116118120122124126128131133136138141143146148151153156158161163166169

00000000000000000000000

5556575859606162636465666768697071727374757677

171174176179181184186189191194196199201204207209212214217219222224227

00000000000000000000000

78798081828384858687888990919293949596>96

229232234237239242245248252255259262266269273276280283287n/a

0000000000000000000——


OB Tables


Rempen

Table 3-83: BPD: Rempen (Fetal Age)Der Frauenarzt 32, 4 (1991) 425-30

Known LMP (left)—Unknown LMP (right)Unit: BPD (mm); Age (Weeks/Days); 2SD (mm [Known LMP] or day [Unknown LMP])


<2234567891011121314

n/a6w2d6w4d6w6d7w1d7w4d7w6d8w1d8w3d8w5d9w1d9w3d9w5d10w0d

——4444444444444

15161718192021222324>24

10w2d10w5d11w0d11w2d11w5d12w0d12w2d12w4d13w0d13w2dn/a

4444444444——

<33456789101112131415

n/a6w6d7w1d7w3d7w5d8w0d8w2d8w4d8w6d9w1d9w3d9w5d10w0d10w2d

——8888888888888

161718192021222324252627>27

10w4d10w6d11w1d11w3d11w5d12w0d12w2d12w4d12w6d13w1d13w3d13w5dn/a

888888888888——

Table 3-84: BPD: Rempen (Fetal Growth)Der Frauenarzt 32, 4 (1991) 425-30

Unit: Age (Weeks/Days); Mean (mm); 2SD (mm); Table/Graph Range (5%:95%)

Age Mean SD Age Mean SD Age Mean SD


2.02.53.03.43.94.34.85.35.76.26.77.17.68.08.58.99.4

3.73.73.73.73.73.73.73.73.73.73.73.73.73.73.73.73.7


9.810.310.711.211.612.112.513.013.413.914.314.815.215.716.116.517.0

3.73.73.73.73.73.73.73.73.73.73.73.73.73.73.73.73.7

11w1d11w2d11w3d11w4d11w5d11w6d12w0d12w1d12w2d12w3d12w4d12w5d12w6d13w0d13w1d13w2d

17.417.918.318.719.219.620.020.520.921.321.822.222.623.123.523.9

3.73.73.73.73.73.73.73.73.73.73.73.73.73.73.73.7


OB Tables


Table 3-85: CRL: Rempen (Fetal Age)Der Frauenarzt 32, 4 (1991) 425-30

Known LMP (left)—Unknown LMP (right)Unit: CRL (mm); Age (Weeks/Days); 2SD (mm [Known LMP] or day [Unknown LMP])


<1123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839

n/a5w5d5w6d6w0d6w1d6w2d6w3d6w4d6w6d6w6d7w0d7w2d7w2d7w4d7w4d7w5d7w6d8w0d8w1d8w2d8w3d8w4d8w5d8w6d8w6d9w0d9w1d9w2d9w3d9w4d9w4d9w5d9w6d10w0d10w1d10w1d10w2d10w3d10w4d10w4d

——888888888888888888888888888888888888888

404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566>66


888888888888888888888888888——

<22345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940

n/a6w0d6w1d6w2d6w3d6w4d6w5d6w6d7w0d7w1d7w2d7w3d7w4d7w5d7w6d7w6d8w0d8w1d8w2d8w3d8w4d8w5d8w5d8w6d9w0d9w1d9w2d9w3d9w3d9w4d9w5d9w6d9w6d10w0d10w1d10w2d10w2d10w3d10w4d10w5d

——666666666667777766677776677777776677667

4142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778>78

10w5d10w6d11w0d11w0d11w1d11w2d11w2d11w3d11w4d11w4d11w5d11w5d11w6d12w0d12w0d12w1d12w1d12w2d12w3d12w3d12w4d12w4d12w5d12w5d12w6d12w6d13w0d13w0d13w1d13w1d13w2d13w2d13w3d13w3d13w4d13w4d13w4d13w5dn/a

76776776766767767676767767676776767676——


OB Tables


Table 3-86: CRL: Rempen (Fetal Growth)Der Frauenarzt 32, 4 (1991) 425-30



5w5d5w6d6w0d6w1d6w2d6w3d6w4d6w5d6w6d7w0d7w1d7w2d7w3d7w4d7w5d7w6d8w0d8w1d

1.22.13.03.84.75.76.67.58.59.510.511.512.513.514.615.616.717.8

7.87.87.87.87.87.87.87.87.87.87.87.87.87.87.87.87.87.8


18.920.021.122.323.524.625.827.028.329.530.732.033.334.635.937.238.539.9

7.87.87.87.87.87.87.87.87.87.87.87.87.87.87.87.87.87.8


41.342.644.045.446.948.349.851.252.754.255.757.358.860.361.963.565.166.7

7.87.87.87.87.87.87.87.87.87.87.87.87.87.87.87.87.87.8


OB Tables


Table 3-87: GS: Rempen (Fetal Age)Der Frauenarzt 32, 4 (1991) 425-30

Known LMP (left)—Unknown LMP (right)Unit: GS (mm); Age (Weeks/Days); 2SD (mm [Known LMP] or day [Unknown LMP])

GS Age 2SD GS Age 2SD GS Age 2SD GS Age 2SD

<112345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637

n/a4w4d4w5d4w6d5w0d5w0d5w1d5w2d5w3d5w3d5w4d5w5d5w6d6w0d6w0d6w1d6w2d6w3d6w4d6w5d6w6d6w6d7w0d7w1d7w2d7w3d7w4d7w5d7w6d8w0d8w0d8w1d8w2d8w3d8w4d8w5d8w6d9w0d

——11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111

3839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960>60

9w1d9w2d9w4d9w5d9w6d10w0d10w1d10w2d10w3d10w4d10w6d11w0d11w1d11w2d11w4d11w5d12w0d12w1d12w2d12w4d12w5d13w0d13w1dn/a

1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111——

<112345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637

n/a4w5d4w6d5w0d5w1d5w2d5w2d5w3d5w4d5w5d5w5d5w6d6w0d6w1d6w2d6w2d6w3d6w4d6w5d6w6d6w6d7w0d7w1d7w2d7w3d7w4d7w4d7w5d7w6d8w0d8w1d8w2d8w3d8w3d8w4d8w5d8w6d9w0d

——10101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010

383940414243444546474849505152535455565758596061626364656667686970717273>73

9w1d9w2d9w3d9w4d9w5d9w6d9w6d10w0d10w1d10w2d10w3d10w4d10w5d10w6d11w0d11w1d11w2d11w3d11w4d11w5d11w6d12w0d12w1d12w2d12w3d12w4d12w5d12w6d13w0d13w1d13w2d13w3d13w4d13w5d14w0d14w1dn/a

101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010——


OB Tables


Table 3-88: GS: Rempen (Fetal Growth)Der Frauenarzt 32, 4 (1991) 425-30




0.51.83.24.55.87.18.49.710.912.213.414.615.917.118.319.420.621.722.924.025.1

10.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.5


26.227.328.429.530.531.632.633.634.635.636.637.638.539.540.441.342.243.144.044.945.7

10.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.5


46.647.448.249.049.850.651.452.152.953.654.355.155.856.457.157.858.459.159.760.3

10.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.5


OB Tables


Robinson

Tokyo

Table 3-89: CRL: Robinson (Fetal Age)Br J Gynecol, 82: 702, 1975



<778910111213141516171819202122232425

n/a45464748505253545556575859606061626364

——4444444444444444455

2627282930313233343536373839404142434445

6465666768696970707172727374747575767777

55666777777777777777

4647484950515253545556575859606162636465

7879798081828383838484848585868687888990

77777777777777777777

6667686970717273747576777879808182>82

9090919191929293939394949595969798n/a

77777777777777777——

Table 3-90: APTDxTTD: Tokyo (Fetal Age)Tokyo University Method 1986, 6 by University TokyoUnit: Meas (cm2); Age (Weeks/Days); SD (Days)

Meas Age SD Meas Age SD Meas Age SD

<101012141618202224262830323436

n/a16w1d17w0d17w6d18w4d19w3d20w1d20w6d21w4d22w2d22w6d23w4d24w1d24w5d25w2d

——± 8d± 8d± 8d± 8d± 8d± 8d± 9d± 9d± 9d± 9d± 9d± 10d± 10d± 10d

384042444648505254565860626466

25w6d26w3d27w0d27w3d28w0d28w4d29w0d29w3d30w0d30w3d31w0d31w3d31w6d32w3d32w6d

± 10d± 11d± 11d± 11d± 12d± 12d± 12d± 13d± 13d± 13d± 14d± 14d± 14d± 15d± 15d

687072747678808284868890>90


± 15d± 16d± 16d± 17d± 17d± 17d± 18d± 18d± 18d± 18d± 19d± 19d——


OB Tables


Table 3-91: APTDxTTD by Gestational Age: TokyoTokyo University Method 1986, 6 by University Tokyo

Weeks -1.64 SD -1.5 SD -1.28 SD Mean +1.28 SD +1.5 SD +1.64 SD

16.017.018.019.020.021.022.023.024.025.026.027.028.029.030.031.032.033.034.035.036.037.038.039.040.041.042.0

7.08.710.512.514.717.119.622.225.027.930.933.937.140.343.546.850.053.356.559.762.865.968.871.674.376.879.1

7.49.010.913.015.217.620.222.925.728.631.734.838.041.344.547.951.254.557.861.164.367.470.473.376.178.681.1

7.99.711.613.716.118.521.223.926.829.833.036.239.442.846.249.653.056.559.963.366.669.872.976.078.981.684.1

11.213.315.618.120.823.626.729.933.236.740.344.147.951.855.759.763.867.871.975.979.983.987.791.595.198.6102.0

14.617.019.622.425.528.832.235.939.743.647.752.056.360.865.369.974.579.283.988.693.397.9102.5107.0111.4115.7119.8

15.117.620.323.226.329.633.236.940.844.849.053.357.862.366.971.676.481.286.090.895.6100.3105.0109.7114.2118.6122.9

15.518.020.723.626.830.233.837.541.545.649.854.258.763.368.072.777.682.487.392.297.0101.9106.7111.4116.0120.5124.8


OB Tables


Table 3-92: BPD: Tokyo (Fetal Age)Tokyo University Method 1986, 6 by University Tokyo

Unit: BPD (mm); Age (Days); SD (Days)


<20202122232425262728293031323334353637

n/a85878992949698100102102106108110112114116118120

——± 6± 6± 6± 6± 6± 6± 6± 6± 6± 6± 5± 5± 5± 5± 5± 5± 5± 5

38394041424344454647484950515253545556

123125127129131133135138140142144146148151153154157160162

± 5± 5± 5± 5± 5± 5± 5± 6± 6± 6± 6± 6± 6± 6± 6± 6± 6± 6± 6

57585960616263646566676869707172737475

164167169171174176179181183186188191194196199201204207210

± 6± 6± 6± 6± 7± 7± 7± 7± 7± 7± 7± 7± 7± 7± 8± 8± 8± 8± 8

767778798081828384858687888990>90

213216218221225228231234238241245249253258262n/a

± 8± 8± 8± 8± 8± 8± 8± 9± 9± 9± 9± 9± 9± 9± 9——

Table 3-93: CRL: Tokyo (Fetal Age)Tokyo University Method 1986, 6 by University Tokyo

Unit: CRL (mm); Age (Days); SD (Days)


<13131415161718192021

n/a555657585960616263

——± 8± 9± 10± 8± 9± 10± 8± 9± 7

22232425262728293031

64656667686869707172

± 7± 7± 7± 7± 7± 7± 7± 7± 7± 7

32333435363738394041

73747475767778787980

± 7± 7± 7± 7± 7± 7± 7± 7± 7± 7

424344454647484950>50

818182838484858686n/a

± 7± 7± 7± 7± 7± 7± 7± 7± 7——


OB Tables


Table 3-94: FL: Tokyo (Fetal Age)Tokyo University Method 1986, 6 by University Tokyo

Unit: FL (mm); Age (Days); SD (mm)


<3333343536373839404142

n/a143146149153156159162166169172

——± 6± 6± 6± 6± 6± 6± 6± 6± 6± 6

4344454647484950515253

175178181185188191194197200204207

± 6± 6± 6± 7± 7± 7± 7± 7± 7± 7± 7

5455565758596061626364

210214217220224228231235239243247

± 7± 7± 7± 7± 7± 8± 8± 8± 8± 8± 8

65666768697071>71

251256260266271278286n/a

± 8± 8± 8± 7± 7± 7± 6——

Table 3-95: GS: Tokyo (Fetal Age)Tokyo University Method 1986, 6 by University Tokyo

Unit: GS (mm); Age (Days); SD (Days)


<1212131415161718192021

n/a31323334363738404142

——± 7± 7± 7± 7± 7± 7± 7± 7± 7± 7

2223242526272829303132

4344464748495051525355

± 7± 7± 7± 7± 8± 9± 10± 0± 0± 0± 0

3334353637383940414243

5657585960616263646565

± 0± 0± 0± 0± 0± 0± 0± 0± 0± 0± 0

44454647484950>50

66676869707172n/a

± 0± 0± 0± 0± 0± 0± 0——

Table 3-96: LV: Tokyo (Fetal Age)Tokyo University Method 1986, 6 by University Tokyo

Unit: LV (mm); Age (Days); SD (Days)

LV Age SD LV Age SD LV Age SD LV Age SD

<444445464748495051525354

n/a154157159161163166168171173176178

——± 5± 5± 5± 5± 5± 6± 6± 6± 6± 7± 7

555657585960616263646566

181183186189192195198201204207210213

± 7± 8± 8± 8± 8± 9± 9± 9± 9± 10± 10± 10

676869707172737475767778

217220224227231234238241245249252256

± 10± 10± 10± 11± 11± 11± 11± 11± 11± 11± 11± 11

7980818283848586>86

260264267271275278282285n/a

± 10± 10± 10± 10± 10± 10± 10± 10——


OB Tables


Tokyo Shinozuka

Table 3-97: AC: Tokyo Shinozuka (Fetal Age)Shinozuka Jpn J Med Ultrasonics vol 23: 12 1996

Unit: AC (cm); Age (Weeks/Days); SD (cm)

AC Age 1SD AC Age 1SD AC Age 1SD

<101011121314151617

n/a15w3d16w4d17w4d18w4d19w4d20w3d21w3d22w3d

——0.50.60.60.70.70.80.80.9

181920212223242526

23w3d24w3d25w3d26w3d27w3d28w4d29w4d30w5d31w6d

0.91.01.01.11.11.21.21.31.3

27282930313233>33

33w1d34w2d35w4d37w0d38w2d39w6d41w2dn/a

1.41.41.51.61.61.71.8——

Table 3-98: AC: Tokyo Shinozuka (Fetal Growth)Shinozuka Jpn J Med Ultrasonics vol 23: 12 1996

Unit: Age (Weeks/Days); Min/Mean/Max (cm); Table/Graph Range: 1.64SD


1617181920212223242526272829

9.310.311.212.213.114.015.015.916.817.718.619.520.321.1

10.912.013.014.015.116.117.118.119.120.121.022.022.923.8

12.513.614.715.816.918.019.120.221.222.323.324.425.426.4

30313233343536373839404142

22.022.823.524.325.025.726.427.027.628.228.829.329.7

24.725.626.527.328.128.929.730.431.131.832.433.033.6

27.328.329.230.131.031.932.733.534.335.035.736.437.0


OB Tables


Table 3-99: AxT (APTDxTTD): Tokyo Shinozuka (Fetal Age)Shinozuka Jpn J Med Ultrasonics vol 23: 12 1996Unit: AxT (mm); Age (Weeks/Days); SD (cm2)

AxT Age 1SD AxT Age 1SD AxT Age 1SD

<101012141618202224262830323436

n/a16w1d17w0d17w6d18w4d19w3d20w1d20w6d21w4d22w2d22w6d23w4d24w1d24w5d25w2d

——2.52.72.93.13.43.63.84.04.34.44.74.95.15.3

384042444648505254565860626466


5.55.76.06.16.46.66.87.07.27.47.77.98.18.48.6

687072747678808284868890>90


8.89.19.39.69.910.110.210.711.011.311.712.0——

Table 3-100: AxT (APTDxTTD): Tokyo Shinozuka (Fetal Growth)Shinozuka Jpn J Med Ultrasonics vol 23: 12 1996

Unit: Age (Weeks); Min/Mean/Max (cm2); Table/Graph Range: 1.64SD


1617181920212223242526272829

7.08.710.512.514.717.119.622.225.027.930.933.937.140.3

11.213.315.618.120.823.626.729.933.236.740.344.147.951.8

15.518.020.723.626.830.233.837.541.545.649.854.258.763.3

30313233343536373839404142

43.546.850.053.356.559.762.865.968.871.674.376.879.1

55.759.763.867.871.975.979.983.987.791.595.198.6102.0

68.072.777.682.487.392.297.0101.9106.7111.4116.0120.5124.8


OB Tables


Table 3-101: BPD: Tokyo Shinozuka (Fetal Age)Shinozuka Jpn J Med Ultrasonics vol 23: 12 1996Unit: BPD (mm); Age (Weeks/Days); SD (mm)

BPD Age 1SD BPD Age 1SD BPD Age 1SD

<131314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738

n/a10w1d10w3d10w5d11w0d11w2d11w4d11w6d12w1d12w3d12w6d13w1d13w3d13w5d14w0d14w2d14w4d14w6d15w1d15w3d15w5d16w0d16w2d16w4d16w6d17w1d17w4d

——2.32.32.32.32.42.42.42.42.42.42.52.52.52.52.52.52.62.62.62.62.62.62.72.72.72.7

394041424344454647484950515253545556575859606162636465

17w6d18w1d18w3d18w5d19w0d19w2d19w4d20w0d20w2d20w4d20w6d21w1d21w3d21w6d22w1d22w3d22w5d23w1d23w3d23w5d24w1d24w3d24w5d25w1d25w3d25w5d26w1d

2.72.72.82.82.82.82.82.82.92.92.92.92.92.93.03.03.03.03.03.13.13.13.13.13.13.23.2

66676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990>90

26w3d26w6d27w2d27w4d28w0d28w3d28w5d29w1d29w4d30w0d30w3d30w6d31w2d31w5d32w1d32w5d33w1d33w5d34w2d34w6d35w3d36w0d36w5d37w4d38w3dn/a

3.23.23.33.33.33.33.33.43.43.43.43.43.53.53.53.63.63.63.63.73.73.73.83.83.9——

Table 3-102: BPD: Tokyo Shinozuka (Fetal Growth)Shinozuka Jpn J Med Ultrasonics vol 23: 12 1996

Unit: Age (Weeks); Min/Mean/Max (mm); Table/Graph Range: 1.64SD


1011121314151617181920212223242526

10.513.717.020.423.727.030.333.536.840.043.246.349.352.355.258.060.8

14.317.621.024.427.831.234.638.041.344.647.951.154.257.360.363.266.0

18.121.525.028.532.035.539.042.445.849.252.655.959.162.365.368.471.3

27282930313233343536373839404142

63.465.968.370.672.874.876.778.580.181.582.783.884.685.385.886.0

68.771.473.976.378.580.682.684.586.187.689.090.191.191.892.492.8

74.176.879.481.984.286.588.590.492.293.895.296.597.598.499.099.5


OB Tables


Table 3-103: CRL: Tokyo Shinozuka (Fetal Age)Shinozuka Jpn J Med Ultrasonics vol 23: 12 1996Unit: CRL (mm); Age (Weeks/Days); SD (mm)

CRL Age 1SD CRL Age 1SD CRL Age 1SD

<55678910111213141516171819

n/a6w3d6w4d6w6d7w0d7w1d7w2d7w3d7w4d7w5d7w6d8w1d8w2d8w3d8w4d8w5d

——1.11.31.61.71.92.02.22.32.52.62.93.13.33.43.6

20212223242526272829303132333435

8w6d9w0d9w1d9w2d9w3d9w4d9w4d9w5d9w6d10w0d10w1d10w2d10w3d10w4d10w5d10w6d

3.73.94.04.24.34.54.54.64.84.95.15.25.45.55.75.9

363738394041424344454647484950>50

10w6d11w0d11w0d11w1d11w2d11w3d11w3d11w4d11w5d11w6d11w6d12w0d12w1d12w1d12w2dn/a

5.96.06.06.26.36.56.56.66.86.96.97.17.27.27.4——

Table 3-104: CRL: Tokyo Shinozuka (Fetal Growth)Shinozuka Jpn J Med Ultrasonics vol 23: 12 1996

Unit: Age (Weeks/Days); Mean (mm); SD (mm); Table/Graph Range: 1.64SD



7.98.69.310.110.911.712.513.414.315.216.117.118.119.120.1

1.71.92.02.22.32.52.62.82.93.13.33.43.63.73.9


21.222.323.424.525.726.828.029.330.531.833.134.435.837.138.5

4.04.24.34.54.64.84.95.15.25.45.55.75.96.06.2


40.041.442.944.445.947.449.050.652.253.955.557.258.9

6.36.56.66.86.97.17.27.47.57.77.88.08.2


OB Tables


Table 3-105: EFW: Tokyo Shinozuka (Fetal Age)Shinozuka Jpn J Med Ultrasonics vol 23: 12 1996

Unit: EFW (grams); Age (Weeks/Days); SD (grams)

EFW Age 1SD EFW Age 1SD EFW Age 1SD

<2502503003504004505005506006507007508008509009501000105011001150

n/a19w3d20w0d20w4d21w2d21w5d22w2d22w6d23w2d23w6d24w2d24w5d25w2d25w5d26w1d26w4d26w6d27w2d27w5d28w0d

——455158667178859098103109116122128134138145151155

12001250130013501400145015001550160016501700175018001850190019502000205021002150


162166173177181186191197202207211216221226231236238243248253

22002250230023502400245025002550260026502700275028002850290029503000>3000

34w2d34w4d34w6d35w1d35w3d35w5d35w7d36w2d36w4d36w6d37w2d37w4d37w6d38w1d38w4d38w6d39w2dn/a

258264269274279284290295301306314320325331340345354——

Table 3-106: EFW: Tokyo Shinozuka (Fetal Growth)Shinozuka Jpn J Med Ultrasonics vol 23: 12 1996

Unit: Age (Weeks); Min/Mean/Max (grams); Table/Graph Range: 1.64SD


181920212223242526272829

1582042563143814565416347378499701099

216279349427513609714830956109212371391

27435544253964576188810261175133415041683

303132333435363738394041

123413751520166718141960210222362360247125652639

155217201892206822442420259227582915305931873296

187020642265246926752880308332803469364738093952


OB Tables


Table 3-107: FL: Tokyo Shinozuka (Fetal Age)Shinozuka Jpn J Med Ultrasonics vol 23: 12 1996

Unit: FL (mm); Age (Weeks/Days); SD (mm)

FL Age 1SD FL Age 1SD FL Age 1SD

<202021222324252627282930313233343536

n/a16w1d16w3d16w6d17w1d17w3d17w6d18w1d18w3d18w6d19w1d19w4d20w0d20w2d20w5d21w1d21w3d21w6d

——2.62.72.72.72.72.72.72.72.72.72.82.82.82.82.82.82.8

373839404142434445464748495051525354


2.92.92.92.92.92.92.93.03.03.03.03.03.03.13.13.13.13.1

55565758596061626364656667686970>70

30w5d31w2d31w6d32w3d33w0d33w3d34w0d34w4d35w1d35w5d36w2d37w0d37w4d38w1d38w5d39w3dn/a

3.13.23.23.23.23.23.23.33.33.33.33.33.43.43.43.4——

Table 3-108: FL: Tokyo Shinozuka (Fetal Growth)Shinozuka Jpn J Med Ultrasonics vol 23: 12 1996

Unit: Age (Weeks); Min/Mean/Max (mm); Table/Graph Range: 1.64SD


1617181920212223242526272829

17.119.622.124.627.129.531.934.336.739.041.343.545.647.7

21.424.026.529.131.634.136.639.141.543.946.248.450.652.8

25.828.431.033.636.238.841.343.846.348.751.153.455.757.9

30313233343536373839404142

49.751.653.555.256.958.459.961.262.463.564.465.365.9

54.856.858.760.562.263.865.366.768.069.170.171.071.7

60.062.064.065.867.669.270.872.273.674.775.876.777.5


OB Tables


Williams

Yarkoni

Table 3-109: EFW: Williams (Fetal Growth)Unit: Age (Weeks); Min/Mean/Max (grams)


22.023.024.025.026.027.028.029.030.031.032.033.0

320365417477546627720829955110012841499

5135896757738821005114312981484169519202155

746861989113212891463165318592136240226732910

34.035.036.037.038.039.040.041.042.043.044.0

17281974222424552642279028812946301130443043

23942628284930523227336434623524358936263633

31323333352137063867399440804127418542214233

Table 3-110: CLA:Yarkoni S, Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine, 4:467-470, 1985 (Fetal Age)

Unit: Meas (mm); Min/Mean/Max (Weeks/Days)


111213141516171819202122232425262728




2930313233343536373839404142434445





Index

LOGIQ 3 Expert/LOGIQ 3 Pro/LOGIQ 3 Advanced Reference Manual Index-1Direction 5122542-100 Rev. 2

Index

Numerics3C , 1-20, , 1-24, , 1-28, , 1-32, , 1-36, , 1-40, , 1-44,, 1-48, , 1-52, , 1-56, , 1-60, , 1-65

AAcoustic Output

FDA3C , 1-20, , 1-24, , 1-28, , 1-32, , 1-36, , 1-

40, , 1-44, , 1-48, , 1-52, , 1-56, ,1-60, , 1-65

Acoustic TablesKey , 1-18

Amniotic Fluid Index , 2-19

BBioeffects

Concerns surrounding diagnostic ultrasound , 1-2

FFDA Maximum Probe Temperature , 1-17Formulas

Generic , 2-14GYN , 2-20OB , 2-16Vascular , 2-22

OOB Tables

ASUM , 3-2Berkowitz , 3-3Brenner , 3-4Campbell , 3-4Eriksen , 3-5Goldstein , 3-6Hadlock , 3-7Hansmann , 3-13Hellman , 3-21Hill , 3-21Hohler , 3-22Jeanty , 3-22

JSUM , 3-34Kurtz , 3-38Mayden , 3-39Mercer , 3-40Merz , 3-41Moore , 3-51Nelson , 3-51Osaka , 3-52Paris , 3-56Rempen , 3-59Robinson , 3-64Tokyo , 3-64Tokyo Shinozuka , 3-68Williams , 3-74Yarkoni , 3-74

TTable Key

Acoustic , 1-18


Index-2 LOGIQ 3 Expert/LOGIQ 3 Pro/LOGIQ 3 Advanced Reference ManualDirection 5122542-100 Rev. 2


Documents

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