Technical textile

A Technical textile is a textile product manufactured fornon-aesthetic purposes, where function is the primary cri-terion.It is a large and growing sector and supports a vast arrayof other industries.Technical textiles include textiles for automotive appli-cations, medical textiles (e.g., implants), geotextiles (re-inforcement of embankments), agrotextiles (textiles forcrop protection), and protective clothing (e.g., heat andradiation protection for fire fighter clothing, molten metalprotection for welders, stab protection and bulletproofvests, and spacesuits).Over all, global growth rates of technical textiles areabout 4% per year greater than the growth of home andapparel textiles, which are growing at a rate of 1% peryear.In present market opportunities and in free quota systemthe importance of technical textile materials is increas-ing to accommodate the needs of requirement. Nowadaysthe most widely technical textile materials are used in fil-ter clothing, furniture, hygiene medicals and constructionmaterial.

1 Classification

Technical textiles can be divided into many categories,depending on their end use. The classification devel-oped by Techtextil, Messe Frankfurt Exhibition GmbH iswidely used in Europe, North America and Asia.[1] Theclassifications are:

1.1 Protech (protective textiles)

1.1.1 Definition

The main target of the technical protective fabrics is toimprove people safety in their workplaces. A technicalprotective fabric can save a workers life, thats why, mostof them are mainly used to manufacture PPE (personalprotective equipment). The demand of these fabrics isgrowing around the world thanks to the sensibilitizationof the society, requiring more safety at work. There aresome organizations around the world (ASTM and ISO)which describe the requirements and regulations, to ful-fill by a fabric, to be considered as a technical protectivefabric. The aim of a technical protective fabric isn't fash-

ion, they are designed to have extra values in protection,against some hazards.

1.1.2 Applications

Nowadays it can be found in the market, technical fabricswhich protect of:

High temperatures (insulating, firefighters)

Burns (flame, convective and radiant heat, firefight-ers, ATEX area)

Electric arc flash discharge (plasma explosion, Elec-tric companies)

Molten metal impacts (foundries)

Metal sparks (welding)

Acid environment (petrochemical, gas, refineries,chemical)

Bullet impact (military, security)

Cut resistant (gloves, glass industry)

Astronauts suits

These fabrics aremade of different kind of fibers, becauseevery blend apports different technical characteristics tothe fabric:

Meta-Para aramides Nomex: high resistance, tear,tensile strength, expensive,

Wool viscoses polyamide marlan : repelency ofmolten metal, heat insulation, transparency.

Glass fiber - High resistance, insulating.

Modacrylic cotton Marko wiki: Marko : electricarc flash protection, comfort, flame-resistant, multi-norm, efficient, skin friendly, antistatic.

Polyamide Kevlar : extreme resistance, low ageing

1

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Textilehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aesthetichttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geotextileshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crop_protectionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulletproof_vesthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulletproof_vesthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nomexhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marlan_(fabric)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass_fiberhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modacrylichttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marko_(fabric)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevlar

2 2 CLOTHTECH (CLOTHING TEXTILES)

Agrotech (Agro-textiles) Textiles used in Agricultureare termed as agro textiles. They are used for crop protec-tion, fertilisation, ... The essential properties required arestrength, elongation, stiffness, and bio-degradation, resis-tance to sunlight and resistance to toxic environment. Allthese properties help with the growth and harvesting ofcrops and other foodstuffs. There is a growing interest inusing materials which gradually degrade.Some of the examples of agro textiles are:

Preventing erosion and paving way for afforestationin greenhouse cover and fishing nets.

For Layer separation in fields, nets for plants, root-less plants & protecting grassy areas.

As sun screens (since they have adjustable screen-ing) and wind shields.

As packing material and in bags for storing grass(that has been mowed).

Controlling stretch in knitted nets.

Shade for basins.

Anti-birds nets.

Fabrics for sifting and separation, for the phases ofenlargement of the larvae.

Materials for ground and plant water management atthe time of scarcity and abundance of water.

1.2 Mobiltech (Automotive and aerospacetextiles)

These textiles are used in automobiles, ships and aircraft.Many coated and reinforced textiles are use in materi-als for engines such as air ducts, timing belts, air filters,non-wovens for engine sound isolation... A number ofmaterials are also used in the interior of cars. The mostobvious are seat covers, safety belts and airbags but onecan find textiles also for the sealing. Nylon gives strengthand its bursting strength being high is used as air bags incars.Carbon composites are mostly used in the manufactureof aeroplane parts while carbon fibre is used for makinghigher end tyres. High tensile polyester is used formakingair balloons.

1.3 Buildtech (Construction Textiles)

Textiles used in construction - concrete reinforcement,faade foundation systems, interior construction, insula-tions, proofing materials, air conditioning, noise preven-tion, visual protection, protection against the sun, build-ing safety.

An interesting and astethic appealing application is theuse of textile membranes for roof construction. This areais also referred to as textile architecture. PVC coated hightenacity PES, teflon coated glass fibre fabrics or siliconecoated PES are used for their low creep properties. Splen-did examples of such construction are found in footballstadia, airports and hotels.

2 Clothtech (Clothing Textiles)

Technical textiles for clothing applications. Especially inthe finishing process where fabric is treated under pres-sure and high temperature the technical textile supportsthe fabric for smooth processing. This is usually the blendof polyester,modal,viscose,nylon,etc.

2.1 Lift tech (Lifting Textiles)

Technical textiles for Lifting applications. Used in pro-cess of lifting heavy goods. The textile produced isstrongly woven with High tenacity yarns and the fab-ric is treated with heat and high temperature controllingits elongations. This is usually made of High tenacitypolyester and Nylon however HMPE yarns as Dyneemaare also used.

2.2 Geotech (Geo-textiles)

These are used in reinforcement of embankments or inconstructional work. The fabrics in geo textiles are per-meable fabrics and are used with soils having ability toseparate, filter, protect or drain. The application areasinclude civil engineering, earth and road construction,dam engineering, soil sealing and in drainage systems.The fabric used in it must have good strength, durability,low moisture absorption and thickness. Mostly nonwo-ven and woven fabrics are used in it. Synthetic fibers likeglass, polypropylene and acrylic fibers are used to preventcracking of the concrete, plastic and other building mate-rials. Polypropylene and polyester are used in geo textilesand dry/liquid filtration due to their compatibility.

2.3 Hometech (Domestic Textiles)

Textiles used in a domestic environment - interior deco-ration and furniture, carpeting, protection against the sun,cushion materials, fireproofing, floor and wall coverings,textile reinforced structures/fittings.In the contract market such as for large area build-ings, ships, caravans, busses, ... fire retardant materialsare used. Fire retardant properties are obtained eitherthrough the use of inherent fire retardant fibres such asmodacryl or through the application of a coating with fireretardant additives (bromide of phosphorus compounds).

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afforestationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_engineeringhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glasshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polypropylenehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acrylic_fiberhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyester

3.2 Electronics in textiles 3

2.4 Indutech (Industrial Textiles)

Textiles used for chemical and electrical applications andtextiles related to mechanical engineering. Silk-screenprinting, filtration, plasma screens, propulsion technol-ogy, lifting/conveying equipment, sound-proofing ele-ments, melting processes, roller covers, grinding technol-ogy, insulations, seals, fuel cell.

2.5 Mobiltech (Textiles used in transport)

These textiles are used in the construction of automo-biles, railways, ships, aircraft and spacecraft. Examplesare Truck covers (PVC coated PES fabrics), car trunkcoverings (often needle felts), lashing belts for cargo tiedowns, seat covers (knitted materials), seat belts, non-wovens for cabin air filtration (also covered in indutech),airbags, parachutes, boats (inflatable), air balloons.

2.6 Oekotech or Ecotech (Environmentallyfriendly textiles)

New applications for textiles in environmental protectionapplications - floor sealing, erosion protection, air clean-ing, prevention of water pollution, water cleaning, wastetreatment/recycling, depositing area construction, prod-uct extraction, domestic water sewerage plants.

2.7 Packtech (Packaging textiles)

Packaging, silos, containers, bags, lashing straps, canvascovers, marquee tents.

2.8 Sporttech (Sports textiles)

Shoes, sports equipment, flying and sailing sports, climb-ing, angling, cycling, winter and summer sports, indoorsport it can vary from anything including sports bags.

2.9 Alternative spelling

These application areas are sometimes alternativelyspelled: Agrotex, Buildtex, Clothtex, Geotex, Hometex, In-dutex, Medtex, Mobiltex, Oekotex (Ecotex), Packtex, Protexand Sportex.[2]

3 Specific areas of application

3.1 Conveyor belts

For industrial applications and in power transmission,technical textiles are used in conveyor belts. Carcass is

a fabric inside the conveyor belt, which is responsiblefor the strength and stretch properties of the belt. Thiscarcass is made with layers of woven fabrics bonded to-gether.

3.2 Electronics in textiles

It has been heard that soon textiles will be merged withelectronics in all areas. In future wearable computerswould be launched, these will not be like advance wristwatches etc., they will contain IC s in fabric to developfabric keyboards and other wearable computer devices.These types of products are known as Interactive elec-tronic textiles (IET). Research to support IET develop-ment is being conducted in many universities. Growingconsumer interest in mobile, electronic devices will initi-ate the demand for IET products.

4 See also

marlan

marko

Biotextile

5 References[1] Techtextil Frankfurt - Trade fair for Technical Textiles

and Nonwovens consulted 21 August 2008

[2] Resisto Protection Textil GmbH visited 21 August 2008

Hrocks, S. C."Handbook of technical textiles.The Tex-tile Institute. Woodhead Publishing Limited (2000)www.technicalfabrics.webs.com

6 External links

http://www.technicaltextile.net

http://www.marinatextil.net

http://www.techfabs.com

http://www.technical-textiles.net

http://www.textilesintelligence.com/tisttm/

http://www.ifth.org

http://www.gcttg.com

http://www.textileroadmap.com

http://www.centexbel.be

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marlan_(fabric)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marko_(fabric)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biotextilehttp://techtextil.messefrankfurt.com/frankfurt/en/fakten_anwendungsbereiche.htmlhttp://techtextil.messefrankfurt.com/frankfurt/en/fakten_anwendungsbereiche.htmlhttp://eng.resisto.de/content/the_company.phphttp://www.technicaltextile.net/http://www.marinatextil.net/http://www.techfabs.com/http://www.technical-textiles.net/http://www.textilesintelligence.com/tisttm/http://www.ifth.org/http://www.gcttg.com/http://www.textileroadmap.com/http://www.centexbel.be/

4 6 EXTERNAL LINKS

http://www.technicaltextilesinfrance.com

http://textilelearner.blogspot.com

http://www.materialsktn.net

http://www.technitex.org

http://www.technicaltextilesinfrance.com/http://textilelearner.blogspot.com/http://www.materialsktn.net/http://www.technitex.org/

5

7 Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses

7.1 Text Technical textile Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technical%20textile?oldid=646776855 Contributors: Alvestrand, Brookie,

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ClassificationProtech (protective textiles)DefinitionApplications

Mobiltech (Automotive and aerospace textiles)Buildtech (Construction Textiles)

Clothtech (Clothing Textiles)Lift tech (Lifting Textiles)Geotech (Geo-textiles)Hometech (Domestic Textiles)Indutech (Industrial Textiles)Mobiltech (Textiles used in transport)Oekotech or Ecotech (Environmentally friendly textiles)Packtech (Packaging textiles)Sporttech (Sports textiles)Alternative spelling

Specific areas of applicationConveyor beltsElectronics in textiles

See alsoReferencesExternal linksText and image sources, contributors, and licensesTextImagesContent license