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http://www.tonygreen.name Tony Green 2010 1

Wind Turbine Operation

and Basic Troubleshooting

by Tony Green

Candidate for Technical Trainer Position

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Agenda

Part I -Overview of Wind TurbinesHow is Power generated?

Energy Conversions? Part II

What are the types of turbines?

What composes a turbine?How are they related?

Part III Basic Troubleshooting Summar uestions

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Housekeeping

matters: Cell phone in Vibrate

Mode/Off Location of the heads

(Bathrooms, WaterFountain, snackmachines)

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Why is understanding theoperation of a wind turbineimportant?

Price of oil escalating withMiddle East sources/globalwarming CO2 emission

Clean/Renewable energy

sources needed, wind powerand solar in the mix Must be reliable to keep pricing

in line with conventionalsources (and the li hts on!),

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Objectives of todays lesson:

Understanding of what a windturbine is and how it operates

(parts, block diagram)

Guide to basic troubleshooting

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Part I Overview A Wind Turbine is machine that

produces electrical power fromwind

:Source undamentals of Wind Energy Alaska Wind Energy Applications Training Symposium , . -Bethel Alaska E Ian Baring Gould National Renewable

Energy Laboratory

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:Source RET International Presentation

ront and Side view of a turbine

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: . .ource Creado and Sanyal Wind Energy Overview Presentation via slideshare net

How is energy generated?

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Part I Overview

How does it accomplish this? Blades captures wind, gears

adjust turning ratios, generatorconvert rotation to DC and

inverter converts DC to AC after

which power can be applied togrid

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: Source Why Wind Power work for Michigan A Brief Primer on How WindTurbines

, . .Make Electricity by Christopher Schilling Ph D Saginaw Valley State University

How is wind being used?

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Wind Turbine Block Diagram

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Part I OverviewEnergy Conversion

Input > Wind Kinetic Energy Pressure Differential - blades are an

airfoil P provides lift/rotationalmotion

Mechanical Energy(Rotary motion) gearbox as speed is increaser

Generator Output mechanical to

electrical Output > electricity fed to grid

: Source Matt Garran s Anatomy of a Wind Turbine AWEA 2009

presentation

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With that said

How do we track in increase in windspeed to increase power output?

Wind up - blades turn faster shaftspins faster gears rotate faster generator to produce higher outputvoltage increase power

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Part II Types, Composition of partsthat make up a turbine, the relationof parts to each other

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There are two types: Horizontal(HAWT) and Vertical (VAHT)

: ,UNDAMENTALS INTRODUCTION TOWIND ENERGY by archer l terna tive E ne rgy I ns titute & West Texas A M University March 2007

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What are the parts of a wind turbine? Blades gather energy from wind Generator converts spin to DC Anemometer measures windspeed Tower support of structure Nacelle houses equipment Gear Box contains gears Main shaft - connects blades to

generator Transformer- adjusts voltage to use

with grid

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:Source Hawaii Electric Company Presentation

Schematic of Parts

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Composition of Blades two or three

made of composite material (Fiberand Resin)

,n left courtesy of author from AWEA 2009 convention and exposition in Chicago.n the right courtesy of dreamstime com

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Composition of Tower steel

: Source Matt Garran s Anatomy of a Wind Turbine AWEA 2009 presentation

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With that said Could someone describe

the operation of a simpleturbine?

Wind-blades-shaft gears generator inverter transformer - source

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Part III Troubleshooting

What could possibly gowrong?

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1. Example : Turbineslowing down with load,harder for generator toturn, more torque must

be generated.

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2. Output VoltageUnstable/Fluctuating.During operation voltageunstable enough to not

be adjusted to grid level,Utility will not buy yourelectricity

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3. Loss of output, with visiblewind blowing, blades not

turning, No AC Power out

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With that said

If you were a turbine operator whonoticed that the visibly rotating byno power output what could youcheck first?

To check what is in path? Shaft,gears, generator, load. Check shaftspinning, if spin being input togenerator then check output o.k.,check if load connected to power

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In Summary: Wind Turbine converts

Wind Energy to power

Major components aretower, blades, gears, andgenerator

To troubleshoot it is key tounder parts, theiroperation and relation to

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Thank you for your

time!

If you want to know more aboutthe author check outhttp://www.markanthonygreen.blo

g t