Teen Pregnancy… Journal You are 17 and find out that you or your girlfriend is pregnant. How would you handle the situation?

Teen Pregnancy…

JournalYou are 17 and find out

that you or your girlfriend is pregnant. How would you handle the situation?

Teen Pregnancy Pre-test (True or False)

1.1. TrueTrue

2.2. TrueTrue

3.3. TrueTrue

4.4. TrueTrue

5.5. TrueTrue

6.6. TrueTrue

1.1. Teen mothers are twice as likely to die in Teen mothers are twice as likely to die in childbirth.childbirth.

2.2. A child born to a teen mother is twice as likely to A child born to a teen mother is twice as likely to die before the age of one.die before the age of one.

3.3. Teen mothers are twice as likely not to finish Teen mothers are twice as likely not to finish high school.high school.

4.4. One-half of all welfare payments go to families One-half of all welfare payments go to families with teen mothers.with teen mothers.

5.5. 20% of teen mothers are pregnant again before 20% of teen mothers are pregnant again before two years.two years.

6.6. 82% of girls who gave birth at age 15 or younger 82% of girls who gave birth at age 15 or younger were born to teen parents.were born to teen parents.


7.7. TrueTrue

8.8. FalseFalse

9.9. FalseFalse

10.10. TrueTrue

7.7. Most teen pregnancies happen by mistake – they Most teen pregnancies happen by mistake – they were not planned.were not planned.

8.8. If a boy has already made plans for further If a boy has already made plans for further education after high school, he should not have education after high school, he should not have to worry about marrying a girl, even if she is to worry about marrying a girl, even if she is pregnant.pregnant.

9.9. If a girl is pregnant, but the boy doesn’t want her If a girl is pregnant, but the boy doesn’t want her to have the baby, he is not responsible for to have the baby, he is not responsible for supporting the child financially.supporting the child financially.

10.10. If the father wants custody and the mother If the father wants custody and the mother doesn't, the father gets custody, because it's his doesn't, the father gets custody, because it's his baby.baby.


11.11. FalseFalse

12.12. FalseFalse

13.13. FalseFalse

14.14. FalseFalse

15.15. TrueTrue

11.11. If a girl gets pregnant a guy does not need to If a girl gets pregnant a guy does not need to worry about it if he does not like the girl. worry about it if he does not like the girl.

12.12. If a guy does not have a regular job, he will not If a guy does not have a regular job, he will not be responsible for child support.be responsible for child support.

13.13. If a couple breaks up after the girl is pregnant, the If a couple breaks up after the girl is pregnant, the guy has no responsibility for the child.guy has no responsibility for the child.

14.14. It's a girl's fault if she gets pregnant. It's not the It's a girl's fault if she gets pregnant. It's not the guy's problem.guy's problem.

15.15. The divorce rate is greater for couples with a pre-The divorce rate is greater for couples with a pre-marital pregnancy than for those who conceive marital pregnancy than for those who conceive after marriage.after marriage.

Teen Pregnancy…So what?

An overview of the teen pregnancy problem in America

Prepared by the National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy Prepared by the National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy www.teenpregnancy.org

January 2007January 2007

Three in ten girls get pregnant at least once before age 20.

Source: National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy analysis of Guttmacher Institute, U.S.. Teenage Pregnancy Statistics National and State Trends and Trends by Race and Ethnicity, New York: Guttmacher Institute, September, 2006.

We’re number one…unfortunately

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

UnitedStates(1996)

Denmark(1995)

France(1995)

Netherlands(1992)

Sweden(1996)

Pregnancy Rate Birth Rate

The United States has much higher pregnancy and birth rates than other fully industrialized countries. US pregnancy rates are nearly twice as high as rates in Canada and England and seven to eight times as high as rates in Japan and the Netherlands.

Singh, S., & Darroch, J.E. (2000). Adolescent pregnancy and childbearing: Levels and trends in developed countries. Family Planning Perspectives 32(1), 14-23. Pregnancy rates calculated as the sum of births, abortions, and estimated miscarriages (20 percent of births plus 10 percent of miscarriages).

The consequences of teen motherhood are many:

Less likely to complete high school or Less likely to complete high school or collegecollege

More likely to be a single motherMore likely to be a single mother More likely to have more children sooner More likely to have more children sooner

on a limited incomeon a limited income More likely to abuse or neglect the child More likely to abuse or neglect the child

Hoffman, D. (2006). By the Numbers: The Public Costs of Teen Childbearing. Washington, DC: National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy

Risks to children of teen mothers Growing up without a fatherGrowing up without a father Low birthweight and prematurityLow birthweight and prematurity School failureSchool failure Insufficient health careInsufficient health care Abuse and neglectAbuse and neglect PovertyPoverty Incarceration (boys)Incarceration (boys) Teen motherhood (girls)Teen motherhood (girls)


Only 40 percent of young teen mothers get their high school diploma

High school diploma

No high school diploma60%

40%


Teen mothers are less likely to attend or complete college

2% 3%

9%

21%

10%

5%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

17 and Younger 18-19 Years 20-21 Years

Age of Mother

Per

cen

t

2 Years of College

Completed College24%

9%


Taxpayers spend about $9 billion ($1,430 per teen parent) on teen childbearing

The public sector costs of young teens (aged 17 The public sector costs of young teens (aged 17 and younger) are particularly high and account and younger) are particularly high and account for $8.6 billion of costs, an average of $4,080 for $8.6 billion of costs, an average of $4,080 per mother annually.per mother annually.


More than 760,000 teen pregnancies occurred in 2002. To put it another way, more than 80 U.S. teens become pregnant each hour. More than one third of these pregnancies were to girls under age 18, and 65 percent were to girls aged 18-19.

under 152%

15-1733%

18-1965%

494,650

252,17017,340

Total: 764,160

More than 80 teen girls get pregnant each hour

Guttmacher Institute, U.S.. Teenage Pregnancy Statistics National and State Trends and Trends by Race and Ethnicity, New York: Guttmacher Institute, September, 2006.

We’ve Made ProgressWe’ve Made ProgressNational Teen Pregnancy Rates, 1972-2002National Teen Pregnancy Rates, 1972-2002(number of pregnancies per 1,000 girls aged 15-19)(number of pregnancies per 1,000 girls aged 15-19)

After increasing 23 percent between 1972 and 1990 (including 10 percent between 1987 and 1990), the teen pregnancy rate for girls (15-19) decreased 36 percent between 1990 and 2002 to a record low.

111.0

95.1

106.6

91.4

116.9

75.470

75

80

85

90

95

100

105

110

115

120

1972 1974 1976 1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002

The Alan Guttmacher Institute. (2006). U.S. Teenage Pregnancy Statistics National and State Trends and Trends by Race and Ethnicity. New York, NY: The Alan Guttmacher Institute.

Teen Pregnancy Rates by Race/Ethnicity, 1990-2002

0

50

100

150

200

250

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

Hispanic

Black

Total

Non-HispanicWhite

Teen pregnancy rates, and rates of decline, also vary substantially among racial/ethnic subgroups. Between 1990 and 2002, teen pregnancy rates declined 45% among non-Hispanic White girls, 40% among African-American girls, and 19% among Hispanic girls. The decline for all teens was 36%.


miscarriage14%

abortion29%

birth57%

In 2002, just over one-half of teen pregnancies to girls aged 15-19 ended in birth, about one-third ended in abortion, and 14 percent ended in miscarriage.

425,493106,580

214,750

Each year, more than 400,000 teens give birth


More than 400,000 teen births occurred in 2005. To put it another way, more than 47 U.S. teens give birth each hour. Thirty-two percent of these births were to girls under age 18, and 66 percent were to girls aged 18-19.

under 152%

18-1966%

15-1732%

281,269

133,138 6,717

Total: 421,124

47 teen girls give birth each hour

Hamilton, B.E., Martin, J.A., & Ventura, S.J. (2006). Preliminary Data for 2005. Health E-Stats. Released November 21, 2006.

101-113 per 1,000

56-70 per 1,000

86-100 per 1,000

71-85 per 1,000

42-55 per 1,000

Teen pregnancy rates vary widely by state, ranging from 42 per 1,000 in North Dakota to 113 per 1,000 in Nevada.

State teen pregnancy rates, 2000 (pregnancies per 1,000 girls aged 15-19)


Teen pregnancy rates declined in every state between 1992 and 2000; declines ranged from 4.9 percent in Wyoming to 39.6 percent in California.

Changes in teen pregnancy rates, 1992-2000(pregnancies per 1,000 girls aged 15-19)

24.2-25.9% decline26.0-39.6% decline

21.8-23.6% decline

4.9-18.5% decline19.1-21.5% decline


More to Feel Good AboutMore to Feel Good AboutNational Teen Birth Rates, 1940-2005National Teen Birth Rates, 1940-2005(number of births per 1,000 girls aged 15-19)(number of births per 1,000 girls aged 15-19)

40.4

61.8

50.2

96.3

54.1

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005*

From 1940 to 1957, the teen birth rate increased 78% to a record high. The birth rate dropped fairly steadily from the end of the 1950s through the mid-1980s, but then increased 23% between 1986 and 1991. Between 1991 and 2005*, the teen birth rate decreased 35% to a record low of 40.4 in 2005. *Data for 2005 are preliminary.

Ventura, S.J., Mathews, T.J, & Hamilton, B.E. (2001). Births to Teenagers in the United States: 1940-2000. National Vital Statistics Reports, 49(10).; Hamilton, B.E., Martin, J.A., & Ventura, S.J. (2006). Preliminary Data for 2005. Health E-Stats. Released November 21, 2006.

Teen Birth Rates by Race/Ethnicity 1980-2005*

0

30

60

90

120

HispanicBlackAmerican IndianTotalNon-Hispanic WhiteAsian/ Pacific Islander

Teen birth rates, and rates of decline, vary substantially among the largest racial/ethnic subgroups. Between 1991 and 2005*, teen birth rates declined 46% for African-Americans, 37% for Native Americans, 40% for non-Hispanic Whites, 38% for Asian/Pacific Islanders, and 22% for Hispanics. The decline for all teens was 35%. *Data for 2005 are preliminary.

Births to Teenagers in the United States: 1940-2000. National Vital Statistics Reports, 49(10).; Martin, J.A., Hamilton, B.E., Sutton, P.D., Ventura, S.J., Menacker, F. & Kirmeyer, S. (2006). Hamilton, B.E., Martin, J.A., & Ventura, S.J. (2006). Preliminary Data for 2005. Health E-Stats. Released November 21, 2006.

Four-fifths of all teen births are first births. Of the other 20 percent, 17 percent are births to teens who already have one child, 3 percent are births to teens who already have two children, less than one percent are fourth or higher-order births, and less than one percent of births do not have a birth order stated on the birth certificate.

Fourth+0%

Not Stated0%

Third3%

Second17%

First80%

(331,340)(1,472)

Total: 414,406 (69,176)

(10,754)

(1,664)


Number of teen births by birth order, 2005(births to girls aged 15-19)

Of the 400,000 births to teens aged 15-19 in 2005, 82.8 percent were to unmarried teens.

Married17.2%

Unmarried82.8%


342,976

Proportion of teen births to unmarried teens, 2005(births to teens aged 15-19)

71,430

“If you’ve had sexual intercourse, do you wish you had waited longer?”

Nearly two-thirds of teens who have had sex wish they had waited.

The majority of older teens (15-The majority of older teens (15-17 years old) surveyed also wish 17 years old) surveyed also wish they had waited longer to have they had waited longer to have sex. Nearly six in ten older teens sex. Nearly six in ten older teens (58%) said they wish they waited (58%) said they wish they waited longer to have sex.longer to have sex.

Of those that have had sex, more than one-half of teen boys (55%) and the overwhelming majority of teen girls (72%) said they wish they had waited longer to have sex.

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Teen Pregnancy… Journal You are 17 and find out that you or your girlfriend is pregnant. How would you handle the situation?